1) The document describes the growth of Georgian Dublin from the late 17th to early 19th centuries, including the construction of important buildings like Parliament House, Leinster House, and Magdalene Asylum.
2) It discusses the Colley/Wellesley family who owned properties including Dangan Castle and Mornington House in Merrion Square.
3) In the late 18th century, there was conflict between the English and Irish parliaments over control of money bills and government. Henry Grattan led the cause for greater Irish independence.
The Glorious Revolution are the events between (1688-1689) that led to the replacement, in 1689, of James II by his daughter Mary II and her husband William of Orange (who became William III) as joint monarchs.
The Revolution has at least from two different points of view: The first one showed that William wanted to rescue Britain from Catholicism under the absolutist-style regime of James II.
The second one showed the ascension of William of Orange to the British Throne as an invasion motivated by real political and a personal lust for powers. On the one hand, James' rule of the British Isles was so cruel, so heavy-handed, so obviously an effort to restore the papacy to England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland that his own people rose against him. By delegations from the nobility, William was invited to become the king. On the other hand, the only way in which William could become king of England was through invasion. On 19 October, William went on board, and the Dutch fleet.
Admiral Herbert led the van, and Vice-Admiral Evert Zen brought up the rear. The prince placed himself in the centre, carrying an English flag, emblazoned with his arms, surrounded with the legend, "For the Protestant Religion and Liberties of England." After landing successfully and without opposition; William marched on London and forced James to flee to France.
The throne was declared vacant by abdication, and William was pronounced king of all Britain on February 1689.
The Glorious Revolution created a workable form of government in Britain where the people could get things done through them. They did not have to have violent revolutions (as the people in France did). It also created a balance of power between the monarch and the Parliament.
The Glorious Revolution are the events between (1688-1689) that led to the replacement, in 1689, of James II by his daughter Mary II and her husband William of Orange (who became William III) as joint monarchs.
The Revolution has at least from two different points of view: The first one showed that William wanted to rescue Britain from Catholicism under the absolutist-style regime of James II.
The second one showed the ascension of William of Orange to the British Throne as an invasion motivated by real political and a personal lust for powers. On the one hand, James' rule of the British Isles was so cruel, so heavy-handed, so obviously an effort to restore the papacy to England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland that his own people rose against him. By delegations from the nobility, William was invited to become the king. On the other hand, the only way in which William could become king of England was through invasion. On 19 October, William went on board, and the Dutch fleet.
Admiral Herbert led the van, and Vice-Admiral Evert Zen brought up the rear. The prince placed himself in the centre, carrying an English flag, emblazoned with his arms, surrounded with the legend, "For the Protestant Religion and Liberties of England." After landing successfully and without opposition; William marched on London and forced James to flee to France.
The throne was declared vacant by abdication, and William was pronounced king of all Britain on February 1689.
The Glorious Revolution created a workable form of government in Britain where the people could get things done through them. They did not have to have violent revolutions (as the people in France did). It also created a balance of power between the monarch and the Parliament.
The expansion of the dominion of Henry II with the foreseen breakup of that dominion through family feud. Acquisition of Ireland and homage of Wales and Scotland.
The graves of the early kings and others of high status with a comparison with rich graves from Sweden. A comparison of motifs in manuscripts and metalwork from Sutton Hoo.
We will examine Irish, Scottish, and Welsh history and culture from 500 BC to the present. In particular, lectures and discussions will focus on the early cultural identity of the Irish, Scots, and Welsh and their customs and mythologies; the influence of Roman culture and Christianity on these lands and peoples; the English conquest and colonization of these lands and peoples; and, finally, on the process of political devolution in all three areas. These aspects of Irish, Scottish, and Welsh history will be examined through historical documents and literature, art, music, and film clips. Students will emerge from the class with a clear sense of the events that shaped the early history and culture of Ireland, Scotland, and Wales and how those events continue to shape these areas even to the present day.
The Labour party has promised increased self-government for India without a definite timetable.The governments in Delhi and London are alarmed by the support for the Indian National Army. Leaders are put on trial but Congress leaders as whether as the public no longer view them as allies of an enemy, Japan, but as fighters for freedom from Britain. A wide scale mutiny in the Indian Navy adds doubts about the ability to use native troops to put down domestic violence. In addition Britain has large war debts including a debt to India for the use of troops outside India. Efforts to bring the Muslim League (Jinnah) and the Indian National Congress (Nehru) founder on the insistence, among other things, that the League represents all Muslims and Congress represents all Indians Britain under Viceroy Mountbatten proposes a plan that would allow for splitting India and existing provinces of India on Muslim or Hindu majority grounds. Votes lead to splitting Bengal and Punjab as well as some minor adjustments. India and Pakistan become independent.
12 The Raj -Burma campaign and Bengal famineRobert Ehrlich
The Burma campaign was almost entirely the work of the British Indian Army. The success in driving Japanese troops from Burma is attributed to the efforts of General William Slim. He used Dakota planes to support troop movements and proceeded even in the monsoon season. Different approaches to the campaign were conducted by US General 'Vinegar Joe' Stillwell and British General Orde Wingate.
9 The Raj Rowlatt, Amritsar and Non Cooperation Robert Ehrlich
The Raj continues wartime measure through the Rowlatt Act. Protests result. A peaceful gathering at Amritsar is massacred by General Dyer. Dyer is removed from his post. is treatment is brought to Parliament where he is praised by Lords but the dismissal is upheld by Commons after a speech by Churchill. Gandhi uses satyagraha in labor disputes but extends this to non-cooperation with the raj. He is arrested but soon released. Congress becomes a larger force among the Indian public.
The presentation begins with a look at the role of Indians in England. Many serve in the shipping industry as lascars and some remain in England, primarily in the Docklands section of London. Recently noted is Queen Victoria's munshi, Abdul This presentation then looks at the contribution of India to the Great War (World War I). The opinions of sepoys are known from letters transcribed by censors. The army served on the Western Front, in East Africa, Mesopotamia, the Suez and was a component at Gallipoli Some opposition to the war came from expatriates in Canada and the US. Others gave support but agitated for home rule. Gandhi supported the ambulance corps and recruiting. The war resulted in an increase in industrial produciton.
7 The Raj - Imperial Architecture -Art and NationalismRobert Ehrlich
This presentation looks at building built by the Raj and Raj-supported princes in the late 19th century. Havell makes a case for including Indian elements in public buildings while others advocate using architecture associated with imperial power in Europe. Indian painters evolve from artists who use the motifs of western art to those who look to traditional art
After a brief look at the jubilees celebrated in India the presentation looks at the proposed 1905 Bengal partition and its consequences. Partition is justified by administrative concerns but the partition map effects religious differences and a policy of divide and rule. Muslims in Bengal support the partition but the Indian National Congress opposes it.The reaction is to combine support of native industry with boycott of foreign goods. Opponents divide into moderates who support just these efforts . and extremists who advocate swaraj or self-rule. The Raj counters with the Minto-Morley reforms which give a small increase in local self-government. In 1911 the partition is repealed
6 The Raj - Indentured Indian Labor in South AfricaRobert Ehrlich
A look at the Indian diaspora in South Africa where indentured labor predominates but there are formeer indentured laborers who have small businesses and merchants or 'passenger' Indians' who have paid there own way. Gandhi goes to South Africa as lawyer for a merchant but encounters the plight of indentured labor. He develops the technique fo satyagraha to protest discrimination against Indians.
5 The Raj Political. Social and Religious Reform and WomenRobert Ehrlich
The Indian National Congress makes moderate demands for political reforms. The British make laws or attempt to make laws dealing with practices that some identify with religious traditions and others fee it is up to Indians to address. Some measures that are considered suppressive of free speech and participation in the system are. overturned. Particularly troublesome is the question whether Indians can sit on juries that try British citizens.
The rise of Indian nationalism in the late 19th century is a combination of rising Indian identity but also Hindu and Muslim identity. At Ayodha they come into conflict. A limited self-governance is offered through the 1892 Councils Act. Education is expanded particularly high education.
The use of caste by the British in terms of their remake of the army. Caste as a census. A look at caste from historic, linguistic and genetic point of view.
The changes that take place in India after the areas administered by the East India Company are assumed by the Crown. The army is restructured in an attempt to prevent future mutinies. A series of famines occurs and question arise about how to prevent or lessen their impact.
The Government of India Act of 1935 and discontent. The entrance of India into World War 2 and the resulting disaffection of the Indian National Congress, the opposition of the Indian Antional Army and the support of over 2 million volunteers. The Indian Army is crucial in East Africa and the Middle East and of great support in North Africa and Italy. A look at the summer capital of Simla.
The Indian Army after the Great War. The consequences of the swadeshi movement. Move of the capitol to New Delhi. Congress rejects the reformed government proposed by the Simon Commission. Round table conferences to try to reconcile differences. Salt Satyagraha led by Gandhi to try to obtain concessions.
3 England & India Before the Raj: New Products, New MilitarismRobert Ehrlich
The East India Company must accommodate to changing regimes in Britain. Its product create changing tastes: tea, cotton cloths and diamonds. A look at Company officials who get rich on diamonds.
5 England & India Before the Raj; Controlling Indian territoryRobert Ehrlich
The East India Company must now administer the territory where it has obtained revenue rights. The Company is under increased scrutiny and a hearing is held on Clive and his vast gains. Parliament attempts to have an influence in this administration.
A governor-general, Warren Hastings is sent to lead the three divisions of presidencies.
War continues in the south with conflicts between Mysore and its neighbors. After France enters on the side of revolting American colonists, the conflict again spills over into India. A technological advance is the sue fo improved rockets by Mysore
We also look at working conditions for civilian employees in India.
4 England and India Before the Raj: From Commercial to Military PowerRobert Ehrlich
This is the time of Clive.
The decline of the Mughal Empire leads to the development of regional powers.
In the Carnatic conflicts between these powers offer opportunities for expansion of East India Company influence. In this they come into conflict with the French and European and North American Wars (Austrian Succession, Seven Years) involve an Indian theater.
In Bengal rights granted by a weak Mughal Emperor are abused. A new leader, nawab, of Bengal attempts to check these abuses. He attacks Calcutta but a counterattack at the Battle of Plassey results in a puppet nawab. He too grows weary of abuses and demands and at Buxar is defeated. The Emperor then grants the Company revenue rights in Bengal and neighboring areas.
Financial difficulties result in a British bailout with restrictions. The Company is allowed to send tea to North America with a lower tariff but it is rejected. The American Revolution results.
The use of European trained native Indian troops (sepoys) begins
13 f2015 Science and Invention in Restoration EnglandRobert Ehrlich
A overview of scientific institutions that facilitated the advances, particularly the Royal Society. Some of teh major scientists and some of the less well known scientist who contributed to their work.
The reopening of the theater after the Interregnum required new buildings, new plays and new approaches to acting. Indoor theaters with elaborate effects meant higher prices. The audience was middle class and even the court attended. Women were now on stage in prominent sexualized roles.
13. Progress of a FamilyCarbury Castle Motte built by MeilerFitzHenry who was granted the area by Strongbow Native Irish in the 15th C. ~1515 Colley & family goes to Ireland as civil servant or soldier under Henry VIII 1588 granted to Colley family
14.
15. Colley Family Richard Colley (1690-1758) Becomes Richard Wesley when his cousin Garrett Wesley dies without issue Inherits Dangan Castle
16. Wesley family Garret Wesley [Wellesley] (1735-1781) 1760 First Viscount Wellesley of Dangan and first earl of Mornington Summer town house in Merrion Square 1764 First doctor of Music from Trinity Arthur Wellesley (1769–1852) 1814 duke of Wellington
30. Control of government Three parties The Castle – residence of the Lord Lieutenant and hence seat of the English presence The ‘Undertakers’ Irish Parliament
31. Undertakers A group of Irish politicians who agreed to promote (English) administration policies in return for some influence and patronage Government by an oligarchy Absence of lord lieutenant when parliament was not in session gives powers to Lords Justices
32. Dr. Charles Lucas Descendant of a Cromwellian soldier Apothecary Reprehensive of barber-surgeons on Dublin Corporation
33. Lucas Attack power of government chosen alderman Blocked by the alderman he used the media to publicize abuses of power; expanded to attack ‘undertakers’ 1749 Declared an enemy and exiled 1760 Returns on accession of George III Achieves 8 year election cycle
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35. Money Bill Dispute (1753-6) Control by Parliament of money for Crown Conflict of personality and power between The Castle, the primate of Ireland and leading families Henry Boyle, speaker of the House of Commons John Ponsonby, his successor
36. Britain – A Change in Viewpoint 1766 James Francis Edward Stuart dies Pope recognizes Hanover dynasty Demands and powers of ‘undertakers’ considered excessive Seek more direct control of Irish parliament
37. New leaders Emerge Henry Flood First elected in 1759; works for shortening of the duration of parliament ; reduction of the pension list; establishment of a national militia, and complete legislative independence of the Irish parliament. 1775 Deserts cause; accepts a seat on the Privy Council of Ireland and the office of vice-treasurer
39. England Attempts to Assert Control Viscount George Townshend (1724-1807), Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1767–1772) Resident in Ireland Rival ‘undertakers’ for control of patronage Increase standing army in Ireland Taxes on absentees, stamp tax
40. Ireland and Revolution 1771 Franklin scouts mutual interests Recommends exception to non-importation policy Apology and offer of haven 1775 Amendment to Parliament's address to the throne Advocate "conciliatory and healing measures for the removal of the discontent which prevails in the colonies.” Defeated 92-52 (300 members)
41. Irish Volunteers 1778 Replacement for regulars transferred to colonies Many with liberal views Agitation for free trade Agitation for local governance Grow to 60,000 by 1782 1793 Disbanded when England declares war on revolutionary France
43. 1783 Greater Independence Repeal of 1719 Declaratory Act that declared that Ireland was subordinate to Britain and its King, Privy Council and Parliament Repeal of Poynings’ law allows Irish Parliament to initiate legislation
49. 1793 Catholic Relief Acts Remove penalties for Being a priest, Catholic education, building churches Permitted Practicing law Entering Trinity Join the military; keep arms under some condtions Vote
53. 1798 Events FebruaryLeinster Provincial Directory of the United Irishmen declares that it will not be diverted from its purpose by "anything that could be done in parliament”. March Arrest of members of United Irishmen; martial law April Disarming of potential rebels MayRebel victory at Battle of ProsperousWexford rebel victory at the Battle of Three Rocks
56. 1798 Events -June Munroand the insurgents are defeated at the Battle of Ballinahinch, Co. Down – ending the rebellion in Ulster. Massacre of 200 people, mainly Protestants in a barn by rebels at Scullabogue, Co. Wexford Defeat of rebels at Vinegar Hill John Kelly killed.Lord Edward Fitzgerald dies of wounds. Cornwallis made Viceroy and Commander-in-Chief
60. 1798 Events July end of rebellion in Wexford August Franco-Irish landing and vicotry at Castlebar September French surrender October-November Capture of French shipsArrest and suicide of Wolfe Tone
