3 gpp ts 36.211

3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Technical Specification
3rd Generation Partnership Project;
Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network;
Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA);
Physical Channels and Modulation
(Release 8)
The present document has been developed within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP TM) and may be further elaborated for the purposes of 3GPP.
The present document has not been subject to any approval process by the 3GPP Organizational Partners and shall not be implemented.
This Specification is provided for future development work within 3GPP only. The Organizational Partners accept no liability for any use of this Specification.
Specifications and reports for implementation of the 3GPP TM system should be obtained via the 3GPP Organizational Partners' Publications Offices.

Release 8 2 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Keywords
UMTS, radio, layer 1
3GPP
Postal address
3GPP support office address
650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis
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Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16
Internet
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Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© 2006, 3GPP Organizational Partners (ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TTA, TTC).
All rights reserved.
3GPP

Release 8 3 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Contents
Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................6
1 Scope .......................................................................................................................................................6
2 References ................................................................................................................................................6
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations ...................................................................................................7
3.1 Symbols................................................................................................................................................................. 7
3.2 Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................................................ 8
4 Frame structure.........................................................................................................................................8
4.1 Frame structure type 1 .......................................................................................................................................... 8
4.2 Frame structure type 2 .......................................................................................................................................... 9
5 Uplink.......................................................................................................................................................9
5.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................................... 9
5.1.1 Physical channels ............................................................................................................................................ 9
5.1.2 Physical signals ............................................................................................................................................... 9
5.2 Slot structure and physical resources.................................................................................................................. 10
5.2.1 Resource grid................................................................................................................................................. 10
5.2.2 Resource elements......................................................................................................................................... 11
5.2.3 Resource blocks............................................................................................................................................. 11
5.3 Physical uplink shared channel........................................................................................................................... 11
5.3.1 Scrambling..................................................................................................................................................... 11
5.3.2 Modulation .................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.3.3 Transform precoding ..................................................................................................................................... 12
5.3.4 Mapping to physical resources...................................................................................................................... 12
5.4 Physical uplink control channel.......................................................................................................................... 12
5.4.1 Scrambling..................................................................................................................................................... 13
5.4.2 Modulation .................................................................................................................................................... 13
5.4.2.1 Sequence modulation for PUCCH format 0 and 1 ................................................................................. 13
5.4.2.2 Sequence modulation for PUCCH format 2 ........................................................................................... 14
5.4.3 Mapping to physical resources...................................................................................................................... 14
5.5 Reference signals ................................................................................................................................................ 14
5.5.1 Generation of the base reference signal sequence........................................................................................ 14
5.5.1.1 Reference signal sequences of length 36 or larger ................................................................................. 15
5.5.1.2 Reference signal sequences of length less than 36 ................................................................................. 15
5.5.2 Demodulation reference signal ..................................................................................................................... 15
5.5.2.1 Demodulation reference signal for PUSCH............................................................................................ 15
5.5.2.1.1 Reference signal sequence................................................................................................................. 15
5.5.2.1.2 Mapping to physical resources .......................................................................................................... 16
5.5.2.2 Demodulation reference signal for PUCCH ........................................................................................... 16
5.5.2.2.1 Reference signal sequence................................................................................................................. 16
5.5.2.2.2 Mapping to physical resources .......................................................................................................... 17
5.5.3 Sounding reference signal ............................................................................................................................. 17
5.5.3.1 Sequence generation................................................................................................................................ 17
5.5.3.2 Mapping to physical resources................................................................................................................ 17
5.6 SC-FDMA baseband signal generation .............................................................................................................. 18
5.7 Physical random access channel......................................................................................................................... 18
5.7.1 Time and frequency structure ....................................................................................................................... 18
5.7.2 Preamble sequence generation ...................................................................................................................... 19
5.7.3 Baseband signal generation........................................................................................................................... 19
5.8 Modulation and upconversion ............................................................................................................................ 20
6 Downlink................................................................................................................................................20
6.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................................. 20
6.1.1 Physical channels .......................................................................................................................................... 20
6.1.2 Physical signals ............................................................................................................................................. 21
6.2 Slot structure and physical resource elements.................................................................................................... 21
3GPP

Release 8 4 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
6.2.1 Resource grid................................................................................................................................................. 21
6.2.2 Resource elements......................................................................................................................................... 21
6.2.3 Resource blocks............................................................................................................................................. 22
6.2.4 Guard Period for TDD Operation ................................................................................................................. 25
6.3 General structure for downlink physical channels ............................................................................................. 25
6.3.1 Scrambling..................................................................................................................................................... 25
6.3.2 Modulation .................................................................................................................................................... 26
6.3.3 Layer mapping............................................................................................................................................... 26
6.3.3.1 Layer mapping for transmission on a single antenna port...................................................................... 26
6.3.3.2 Layer mapping for spatial multiplexing.................................................................................................. 26
6.3.3.3 Layer mapping for transmit diversity...................................................................................................... 27
6.3.4 Precoding....................................................................................................................................................... 27
6.3.4.1 Precoding for transmission on a single antenna port .............................................................................. 27
6.3.4.2 Precoding for spatial multiplexing .......................................................................................................... 27
6.3.4.2.1 Precoding for zero and small-delay CDD......................................................................................... 27
6.3.4.2.2 Precoding for large delay CDD ......................................................................................................... 28
6.3.4.2.3 Codebook for precoding .................................................................................................................... 29
6.3.4.3 Precoding for transmit diversity.............................................................................................................. 30
6.3.5 Mapping to resource elements ...................................................................................................................... 31
6.4 Physical downlink shared channel...................................................................................................................... 31
6.5 Physical multicast channel.................................................................................................................................. 31
6.6 Physical broadcast channel ................................................................................................................................. 32
6.6.1 Scrambling..................................................................................................................................................... 32
6.6.2 Modulation .................................................................................................................................................... 32
6.6.3 Layer mapping and precoding....................................................................................................................... 32
6.7 Physical control format indicator channel.......................................................................................................... 32
6.7.1 Scrambling..................................................................................................................................................... 33
6.7.2 Modulation .................................................................................................................................................... 33
6.8 Physical downlink control channel..................................................................................................................... 33
6.8.1 PDCCH formats ............................................................................................................................................ 33
6.8.2 Scrambling..................................................................................................................................................... 33
6.8.3 Modulation .................................................................................................................................................... 34
6.9 Physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel ............................................................................................................. 34
6.9.1 Scrambling..................................................................................................................................................... 34
6.9.2 Modulation .................................................................................................................................................... 35
6.10 Reference signals ................................................................................................................................................ 35
6.10.1 Cell-specific reference signals ...................................................................................................................... 36
6.10.1.1.1 Orthogonal sequence generation ....................................................................................................... 36
6.10.1.1.2 Pseudo-random sequence generation ................................................................................................ 37
6.10.1.2 Mapping to resource elements................................................................................................................. 37
6.10.2 MBSFN reference signals ............................................................................................................................. 41
6.10.3 UE-specific reference signals........................................................................................................................ 43
6.11 Synchronization signals ...................................................................................................................................... 44
6.11.1 Primary synchronization signal..................................................................................................................... 44
6.11.2 Secondary synchronization signal................................................................................................................. 45
6.12 OFDM baseband signal generation .................................................................................................................... 45
3GPP

Release 8 5 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
6.13 Modulation and upconversion ............................................................................................................................ 46
7 Modulation mapper ................................................................................................................................46
7.1 BPSK................................................................................................................................................................... 46
7.2 QPSK................................................................................................................................................................... 46
7.3 16QAM................................................................................................................................................................ 47
7.4 64QAM................................................................................................................................................................ 47
8 Timing....................................................................................................................................................49
8.1 Uplink-downlink frame timing ........................................................................................................................... 49
Annex A (informative): Change history .......................................................................................................49
3GPP

Release 8 6 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Foreword
This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal
TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an
identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows:
3GPP
Version x.y.z
where:
x the first digit:
1 presented to TSG for information;
2 presented to TSG for approval;
3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control.
y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections,
updates, etc.
z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document.
1 Scope
The present document describes the physical channels for evolved UTRA.
2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.
• References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including
a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same
Release as the present document.
[1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications".
[2] 3GPP TS 36.201: "LTE Physical Layer – General Description ".
[3] 3GPP TS 36.212: "Multiplexing and channel coding".
[4] 3GPP TS 36.213: "Physical layer procedures".
[5] 3GPP TS 36.214: "Physical layer – Measurements".
[6] 3GPP TS xx.xxx: <RAN4 specification listing supported transmission bandwidths>

Release 8 7 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
(k, l) Resource element with frequency-domain index k and time-domain index l
( )
p
ak l Value of resource element (k, l) [for antenna port p ]
D Matrix for supporting cyclic delay diversity
f0 Carrier frequency
3GPP
,
PUSCH
Msc Scheduled bandwidth for uplink transmission, expressed as a number of subcarriers
M(q) bit Number of coded bits to transmit on a physical channel [for code word q ]
M(q) symb Number of modulation symbols to transmit on a physical channel [for code word q ]
layer
Msymb Number of modulation symbols to transmit per layer for a physical channel
ap
Msymb Number of modulation symbols to transmit per antenna port for a physical channel
N A constant equal to 2048 for Δf = 15 kHz and 4096 for Δf = 7.5 kHz
NCP,l Downlink cyclic prefix length for OFDM symbol l in a slot
NGP Number of OFDM symbols reserved for guard period for TDD with frame structure type 1
DL
NRB Downlink bandwidth configuration, expressed in units of RB
Nsc
UL
NRB Uplink bandwidth configuration, expressed in units of RB
Nsc
DL
Nsymb Number of OFDM symbols in a downlink slot
UL
Nsymb Number of SC-FDMA symbols in an uplink slot
RB
Nsc Resource block size in the frequency domain, expressed as a number of subcarriers
NOS Number of orthogonal two-dimensional downlink reference signal sequences
NPRS Number of pseudo-random two-dimensional downlink reference signal sequences
PUCCH
NRS Number of reference symbols per slot for PUCCH
NTA Timing offset between uplink and downlink radio frames at the UE, expressed in units of Ts
nPDCCH Number of PDCCHs present in a subframe
nPRB Physical resource block number
P Number of antenna ports
p Antenna port number
q Code word number
OS
rm,n Two-dimensional orthogonal sequence for reference signal generation
PRS ( )
rm,n i Two-dimensional pseudo-random sequence for reference signal generation in slot i
s p (t)
l
( ) Time-continuous baseband signal for antenna port p and OFDM symbol l in a slot
Tf Radio frame duration
Ts Basic time unit
Tslot Slot duration
W Precoding matrix for downlink spatial multiplexing
β PRACH Amplitude scaling for PRACH
β PUCCH Amplitude scaling for PUCCH
β PUSCH Amplitude scaling for PUSCH
βSRS Amplitude scaling for sounding reference symbols
Δf Subcarrier spacing
ΔfRA Subcarrier spacing for the random access preamble

Release 8 8 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
υ Number of transmission layers
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
CCE Control Channel Element
CDD Cyclic Delay Diversity
PBCH Physical broadcast channel
PCFICH Physical control format indicator channel
PDCCH Physical downlink control channel
PDSCH Physical downlink shared channel
PHICH Physical hybrid-ARQ indicator channel
PMCH Physical multicast channel
PRACH Physical random access channel
PUCCH Physical uplink control channel
PUSCH Physical uplink shared channel
4 Frame structure
Throughout this specification, unless otherwise noted, the size of various fields in the time domain is expressed as a
number of time units Ts = 1 (15000× 2048) seconds.
Downlink and uplink transmissions are organized into radio frames with Tf = 307200×Ts = 10ms duration. Two radio
frame structures are supported:
- Type 1, applicable to both FDD and TDD,
- Type 2, applicable to TDD only.
4.1 Frame structure type 1
Frame structure type 1 is applicable to both full duplex and half duplex FDD and to TDD. Each radio frame is
Tf = 307200×Ts = 10ms long and consists of 20 slots of length Tslot = 15360×Ts = 0.5ms , numbered from 0 to 19. A
subframe is defined as two consecutive slots where subframe i consists of slots 2i and 2i +1.
For FDD, 10 subframes are available for downlink transmission and 10 subframes are available for uplink transmissions
in each 10 ms interval. Uplink and downlink transmissions are separated in the frequency domain.
For TDD, a subframe is either allocated to downlink or uplink transmission. Subframe 0 and subframe 5 are always
allocated for downlink transmission.
Figure 4.1-1: Frame structure type 1.
3GPP

Release 8 9 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
4.2 Frame structure type 2
Frame structure type 2 is only applicable to TDD. Each radio frame consists of two half-frames of length
Tf = 153600×Ts = 5ms each. The structure of each half-frame in a radio frame is identical. Each half-frame consists of
seven slots, numbered from 0 to 6, and three special fields, DwPTS, GP, and UpPTS. A subframe is defined as one slot
where subframe i consists of slot i .
Subframe 0 and DwPTS are always reserved for downlink transmission. UpPTS and subframe 1 are always reserved
for uplink transmission.
Figure 4.2-1: Frame structure type 2.
5 Uplink
5.1 Overview
The smallest resource unit for uplink transmissions is denoted a resource element and is defined in section 5.2.2.
5.1.1 Physical channels
An uplink physical channel corresponds to a set of resource elements carrying information originating from higher
layers and is the interface defined between 36.212 and 36.211. The following uplink physical channels are defined:
- Physical Uplink Shared Channel, PUSCH
- Physical Uplink Control Channel, PUCCH
- Physical Random Access Channel, PRACH
5.1.2 Physical signals
An uplink physical signal is used by the physical layer but does not carry information originating from higher layers.
The following uplink physical signals are defined:
3GPP
- reference signal

Release 8 10 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
5.2 Slot structure and physical resources
5.2.1 Resource grid
The transmitted signal in each slot is described by a resource grid of RB
3GPP
NRB UL
N UL
sc
subcarriers and Nsymb SC-FDMA
symbols. The resource grid is illustrated in Figure 5.2.1-1. The quantity UL
NRB depends on the uplink transmission
bandwidth configured in the cell and shall fulfil
6 UL 110
≤ NRB ≤
The set of allowed values for UL
NRB is given by [6].
The number of SC-FDMA symbols in a slot depends on the cyclic prefix length configured by higher layers and is
given in Table 5.2.3-1.
UL
Nsymb
Tslot
l = 0 UL 1
l = Nsymb −
RB
sc
UL
NRB × N
RB
Nsc
RB
sc
UL
Nsymb × N
(k,l)
Figure 5.2.1-1: Uplink resource grid.

3GPP T Release 8 11 S 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
5.2.2 Resource elements
Each element in the resource grid is called a resource element and is uniquely defined by the index pair (k,l) in a slot
where 0,..., RB 1
UL
Nsymb × N resource elements, corresponding to one slot in the time domain and 180 kHz in the
⎢
= RB
n k
3GPP
k = NRB UL
N sc
− and 0,..., UL
1 l = Nsymb − are the indices in the frequency and time domain, respectively.
Resource element (k,l) corresponds to the complex value ak ,l . Quantities ak,l corresponding to resource elements not
used for transmission of a physical channel or a physical signal in a slot shall be set to zero.
5.2.3 Resource blocks
A resource block is defined as UL
Nsymb consecutive SC-FDMA symbols in the time domain and RB
Nsc consecutive
subcarriers in the frequency domain, where UL
Nsymb and RB
Nsc are given by Table 5.2.3-1. A resource block in the uplink
thus consists of RB
sc
frequency domain.
Table 5.2.3-1: Resource block parameters.
Configuration Nsc
RB
Nsymb UL
Frame structure type 1 Frame structure type 2
Normal cyclic prefix 12 7 9
Extended cyclic prefix 12 6 8
The relation between the resource block number nPRB and resource elements (k, l) in a slot is given by
⎥
⎥ ⎥⎦
⎢ ⎢⎣
sc
PRB N
5.3 Physical uplink shared channel
The baseband signal representing the physical uplink shared channel is defined in terms of the following steps:
- scrambling
- modulation of scrambled bits to generate complex-valued symbols
- transform precoding to generate complex-valued modulation symbols
- mapping of complex-valued modulation symbols to resource elements
- generation of complex-valued time-domain SC-FDMA signal for each antenna port
Figure 5.3-1: Overview of uplink physical channel processing.
5.3.1 Scrambling
If scrambling is configured, the block of bits b(0),...,b(Mbit −1) , where Mbit is the number of bits transmitted on the
physical uplink shared channel in one subframe, shall be scrambled with a UE-specific scrambling sequence prior to
modulation, resulting in a block of scrambled bits c(0),...,c(Mbit −1) .

Release 8 12 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
5.3.2 Modulation
The block of scrambled bits c(0),...,c(Mbit −1) shall be modulated as described in Section 7, resulting in a block of
complex-valued symbols d(0),..., d(Msymb −1) . Table 5.3.2-1 specifies the modulation mappings applicable for the
physical uplink shared channel.
Table 5.3.2-1: Uplink modulation schemes
Physical channel Modulation schemes
PUSCH QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
5.3.3 Transform precoding
The block of complex-valued symbols d(0),..., d(Msymb −1) is divided into PUSCH
1
−
M
⋅ + = Σ ⋅ +
z ( l M k ) d ( l M i )
e
PUSCH
sc
=
i
k M
0,..., 1
= −
M = N ⋅ 2α 2 ⋅3α3 ⋅5α5 ≤ N ⋅ N
3GPP
Msymb Msc sets, each corresponding
to one SC-FDMA symbol. Transform precoding shall be applied according to
PUSCH
0,..., 1
symb sc
0
j 2
π
ik PUSCH
sc
PUSCH
sc
PUSCH
sc PUSCH
sc
= −
−
l M M
M
resulting in a block of complex-valued modulation symbols z(0),..., z(Msymb −1) . The variable PUSCH
Msc represents the
number of scheduled subcarriers used for PUSCH transmission in an SC-FDMA symbol and shall fulfil
UL
RB
RB
sc
RB
sc
PUSCH
sc
where α 2 ,α3 ,α5 is a set of non-negative integers.
5.3.4 Mapping to physical resources
The block of complex-valued symbols z(0),..., z(Msymb −1) shall be multiplied with the amplitude scaling factor
β PUSCH and mapped in sequence starting with z(0) to resource blocks assigned for transmission of PUSCH. The
mapping to resource elements (k,l) not used for transmission of reference signals shall be in increasing order of first
the index l , then the slot number and finally the index k . The index k is given by
( ),..., ( ) PUSCH 1
k = k0 + fhop ⋅ k0 + fhop ⋅ +Msc −
where fhop (⋅) denotes the frequency-hopping pattern and k0 is given by the scheduling decision.
5.4 Physical uplink control channel
The physical uplink control channel, PUCCH, carries uplink control information. The PUCCH is never transmitted
simultaneously with the PUSCH.
The physical uplink control channel supports multiple formats as shown in Table 5.4-1.

Release 8 13 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Table 5.4-1: Supported PUCCH formats.
PUCCH Number of bits per subframe, Mbit
format
Modulation
scheme Normal cyclic prefix Extended cyclic prefix
0 BPSK 1 1
1 QPSK 2 2
2 QPSK 20 20
5.4.1 Scrambling
If scrambling is configured, the block of bits b(0),...,b(Mbit −1) , where Mbit is the number of bits transmitted on the
physical uplink control channel in one subframe, shall be scrambled with a UE-specific scrambling sequence prior to
modulation, resulting in a block of scrambled bits c(0),...,c(Mbit −1) .
5.4.2 Modulation
complex-valued symbols d(0),...,d(Msymb −1) . The modulation scheme for the different PUCCH formats is given by
Table 5.4-1. For BPSK, Msymb = Mbit , while for QPSK Msymb = Mbit 2 .
5.4.2.1 Sequence modulation for PUCCH format 0 and 1
For PUCCH format 0 and 1, the complex-valued symbol d(0) shall be multiplied with a cyclically shifted length
PUCCH 12
Nseq = sequence generated according to section 5.5.1 with PUCCH
seq
PUCCH
SF
m N
0,..., 1
= −
PUCCH
seq
n N
= −
0,1 for frame structure type1
3GPP
RS
Msc = N , resulting in a block of complex-valued
symbols (0),..., ( PUCCH 1)
y y Nseq − . Note that different cyclic shifts of the sequence can be used in different
PUCCH SC-FDMA symbols within a slot.
The block of complex-valued symbols (0),..., ( PUCCH 1)
y y Nseq − shall be block-wise spread with the orthogonal sequence
w(i) according to
z(m'⋅N ⋅ N + m⋅ N PUCCH + n)= w(m) ⋅ y(n)
seq
PUCCH
seq
PUCCH
SF
where
⎩ ⎨ ⎧
=
0 for frame structure type 2
'
0,..., 1
m
The sequence w(i) and PUCCH
NSF are given by Table 5.4.2.1-1.

Release 8 14 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Table 5.4.2.1-1: Orthogonal sequences [ (0) ( PUCCH 1)]
w L w NSF − for PUCCH format 0 and 1
Sequence index Frame structure type 1 Frame structure type 2
PUCCH 4
NSF =
0 [+1 +1 +1 +1]
1 [+1 −1 +1 −1]
2 [+1 +1 −1 −1]
3 [+1 −1 −1 +1]
5.4.2.2 Sequence modulation for PUCCH format 2
For PUCCH format 2, each complex-valued symbol d(i) shall be multiplied with a cyclically shifted length
PUCCH 12
Nseq = sequence generated according to section 5.5.1 with PUCCH
seq
3GPP
RS
Msc = N , resulting in a block of complex-valued
PUCCH
z z Nseq M − .
symbols (0),..., ( symb 1)
5.4.3 Mapping to physical resources
The block of complex-valued symbols z(i) shall be multiplied with the amplitude scaling factor β PUCCH and mapped
in sequence starting with z(0) to resource elements assigned for transmission of PUCCH. The mapping to resource
elements (k,l) not used for transmission of reference signals shall start with the first slot in the subframe. The set of
values for index k shall be different in the first and second slot of the subframe, resulting in frequency hopping at the
slot boundary. Mapping of modulation symbols for the physical uplink control channel is illustrated in Figure 5.4.3-1.
frequency
1 ms subframe
resource i
resource j
resource i
resource j
Figure 5.4.3-1: Physical uplink control channel
5.5 Reference signals
Two types of uplink reference signals are supported:
- demodulation reference signal, associated with transmission of PUSCH or PUCCH
- sounding reference signal, not associated with transmission of PUSCH or PUCCH
The same set of base sequences is used for demodulation and sounding reference signals.
5.5.1 Generation of the base reference signal sequence
The definition of the base sequence (0),..., ( RS 1)
r r Msc − of length RS
Msc depends on the sequence length.

Release 8 15 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
5.5.1.1 Reference signal sequences of length 36 or larger
For RS 36
= jαn +θ ≤ <
+
j um m
x m e N m N
r PUSCH m⋅M + n = r n
⎩ ⎨ ⎧
3GPP
Msc ≥ , the sequence (0),..., ( 1) RS
r r Msc − is given by
RS
sc
RS
r(n) e xu ((n )mod NZC ), 0 n M
where θ is an offset and the uth root Zadoff-Chu sequence is defined by
−
( ) , 0 RS 1
ZC
( 1)
RS
= ZC ≤ ≤ −
u
π
and the length RS
NZC of the Zadoff-Chu sequence is given by the largest prime number such that RS
sc
RS
NZC < M . The factor
e jαn corresponds to a cyclic shift in the time domain.
5.5.1.2 Reference signal sequences of length less than 36
For RS 36
Msc < , the sequence (0),..., ( 1) RS
r r Msc − is given by Table 5.5.1.2-1.
Table 5.5.1.2-1: Reference signal sequences of length RS 36
Msc < .
(0), (1),..., ( RS 1)
r r r Msc − Sequence
index
RS 12
Msc = 24 RS
Msc =
5.5.2 Demodulation reference signal
5.5.2.1 Demodulation reference signal for PUSCH
5.5.2.1.1 Reference signal sequence
The demodulation reference signal sequence r PUSCH (⋅) for PUSCH is defined by
( RS ) ( ,α )
sc
where
RS
n M
0,..., 1
=
= sc −
m
and
PUSCH
sc
RS
Msc = M
Section 5.5.1 defines the sequence (0),..., ( RS 1)
r r Msc − . Note that different cyclic shifts α can be used in different slots
of a subframe. The cyclic shift to use in the first slot of the subframe is given by the uplink scheduling grant in case of
multiple shifts within the cell.

Release 8 16 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
5.5.2.1.2 Mapping to physical resources
The sequence r PUSCH (⋅) shall be multiplied with the amplitude scaling factor β PUSCH and mapped in sequence starting
with r PUSCH (0) to the same set of resource blocks used for the corresponding PUSCH transmission defined in Section
5.3.4. The mapping to resource elements (k, l) in the subframe shall be in increasing order of first k , then the slot
number. For frame structure type 1 l = 3 and for frame structure type 2 l = 4 .
For frame structure type 2, an additional demodulation reference signal per subframe can be configured.
5.5.2.2 Demodulation reference signal for PUCCH
5.5.2.2.1 Reference signal sequence
The demodulation reference signal sequence r PUCCH (⋅) for PUCCH is defined by
( ' RS ) ( ) ( ,α )
r PUCCH m⋅N ⋅M + m⋅M + n = w m ⋅ r n
PUCCH
RS
m N
0,..., 1
= −
RS
sc
n M
= −
3GPP
sc
RS
sc
PUCCH
RS
where
⎩ ⎨ ⎧
=
'
0,..., 1
m
The sequence r(n) is given by Section 5.5.1 with. RS 12
Msc = . The number of reference symbols per slot PUCCH
NRS and
the sequence w(n) are given by Table 5.5.2.2.1-1 and 5.5.2.2.1-2, respectively. Note that different cyclic shifts α can
be used for different reference symbols within a slot. For PUCCH format 0 and 1, different orthogonal sequences can be
used for different slots.
Table 5.5.2.2.1-1: Number of PUCCH demodulation reference symbols per slot PUCCH
NRS .
PUCCH format Normal cyclic
prefix
Extended cyclic
prefix
Normal cyclic
prefix
Extended cyclic
prefix
0
1 3 2
2 2 1

Release 8 17 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Table 5.5.2.2.1-2: Orthogonal sequences [ (0) ( PUCCH 1)]
w L w NRS − for PUCCH format 0 and 1.
rSRS rSRS M − shall be multiplied with the amplitude scaling factor β SRS and mapped in
( ) 0,1,..., RS 1
SRS
a r k k M k k l
3GPP
Sequence index Normal cyclic
prefix
Extended cyclic
prefix
Normal cyclic
prefix
Extended cyclic
prefix
0 [1 1 1] [1 1]
1 [1 e j2π 3 e j4π 3 ] [1 −1]
2 [1 e j4π 3 e j2π 3 ] N/A
Table 5.5.2.2.1-3: Orthogonal sequences [ (0) ( PUCCH 1)]
w L w NRS − for PUCCH format 2.
Normal cyclic prefix Extended cyclic prefix Normal cyclic prefix Extended cyclic prefix
[1 1] [1]
5.5.2.2.2 Mapping to physical resources
The sequence r PUCCH (⋅) shall be multiplied with the amplitude scaling factor β PUCCH and mapped in sequence starting
with r PUCCH (0) to resource elements (k, l) . The mapping shall be in increasing order of first k , then l and finally the
slot number. The same set of values for k as for the corresponding PUCCH transmission shall be used. The values of
the symbol index l in a slot are given by Table 5.5.2.2.2-1.
Table 5.5.2.2.2-1: Demodulation reference signal location for different PUCCH formats
Set of values for l
PUCCH
Format
Normal cyclic prefix Extended cyclic prefix Normal cyclic prefix Extended cyclic prefix
0
1 2, 3, 4 2, 3
2 1, 5 3
5.5.3 Sounding reference signal
5.5.3.1 Sequence generation
The sounding reference signal sequence rSRS (⋅) is defined by Section 5.5.1. The sequence index to use is derived from
the PUCCH base sequence index.
5.5.3.2 Mapping to physical resources
The sequence (0),..., ( RS 1)
sc
sequence starting with rSRS (0) to resource elements (k, l) according to
⎪⎩
⎪⎨ ⎧
= −
sc
SRS
+ = 0 otherwise
2 0 ,
β
where k0 is the frequency-domain starting position of the sounding reference signal and RS
sc M is the length of the
sounding reference signal sequence.

Release 8 18 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
5.6 SC-FDMA baseband signal generation
This section applies to all uplink physical signals and physical channels except the physical random access channel.
The SC-FDMA symbols in a slot shall be transmitted in increasing order of l . The time-continuous signal sl (t) in SC-FDMA
s t = a − ⋅
e π
+ Δ − l 3GPP
symbol l in an uplink slot is defined by
⎡ ⎤
Σ
−
( ) ( ) ( )
⎣ ⎦
=−
/ 2 1
/ 2
2 1 2
,
RB
sc
UL
RB
RB
sc
UL
RB
CP, s
( )
N N
k N N
j k f t N T
l k l
for 0 ≤ t < ( NCP,l + N ) ×Ts where ( ) ⎣ UL
RB
2⎦ sc
k = k + NRBN − , N = 2048 and Δf = 15 kHz .
Tables 5.6-1lists the values of NCP,l that shall be used for the two frame structures. Note that different SC-FDMA
symbols within a slot may have different cyclic prefix lengths.
Table 5.6-1. SC-FDMA parameters.
Cyclic prefix length NCP,l Configuration
Normal cyclic prefix
160 for l = 0
144 for l = 1,2,...,6 256 for 0,1,...,8 l =
Extended cyclic prefix 512 for l = 0,1,...,5 544 for l = 0,1,...,7
5.7 Physical random access channel
5.7.1 Time and frequency structure
The physical layer random access burst, illustrated in Figure 5.7.1-1, consists of a cyclic prefix of length TCP , and a
preamble of length TPRE . The parameter values are listed in Table 5.7.1-1 and depend on the frame structure and the
random access configuration. Higher layers control the preamble format.
TCP TPRE
Figure 5.7.1-1: Random access preamble format.
Table 5.7.1-1: Random access burst parameters.
Frame
structure
Burst format TCP TPRE
0 3152×Ts 24576×Ts
1 21012×Ts 24576×Ts
2 6224×Ts 2× 24576×Ts
Type 1
3 21012×Ts 2× 24576×Ts
0 0×Ts 4096×Ts
1 0×Ts 16384×Ts
Type 2
2

Release 8 19 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
For frame structure type 1, the timing of the random access burst depends on the PRACH configuration. Table 5.7.1-2
lists the subframes in which random access burst transmission is possible.
Table 5.7.1-2: Random access burst timing for frame structure type 1.
PRACH configuration Subframes
For frame structure type 2, the start of the random access burst depends on the burst format configured. For burst format
0, the burst shall start 5120Ts before the end of the UpPTS at the UE. For burst format 1, the start of the random access
burst shall be aligned with the start of an uplink subframe.
In the frequency domain, the random access burst occupies a bandwidth corresponding to 6 resource blocks for both
frame structures.
5.7.2 Preamble sequence generation
The random access preambles are generated from Zadoff-Chu sequences with zero correlation zone, generated from one
or several root Zadoff-Chu sequences. The network configures the set of preamble sequences the UE is allowed to use.
The uth root Zadoff-Chu sequence is defined by
j un n
( +
1)
( ) = ZC , 0 ≤ ≤ ZC −
1
j π
nk
s t xu v n e e π ϕ
3GPP
−
x n e N n N
u
π
where the length NZC of the Zadoff-Chu sequence is given by Table 5.7.2-1. From the uth root Zadoff-Chu sequence,
random access preambles with zero correlation zone are defined by cyclic shifts of multiples of NCS according to
xu,v (n) = xu ((n + vNCS )mod NZC)
where NCS is given by Table 5.7.2-1.
Table 5.7.2-1: Random access preamble sequence parameters.
Frame structure Burst format NZC NCS Number of preambles Preamble sequences per cell
Type 1 0 – 3 839 64
Type 2 0 139 552 1 557 16
5.7.3 Baseband signal generation
The time-continuous random access signal s(t) is defined by
1
−
ZC
( ) Σ Σ ( ( )) ( )
=
+ + + Δ −
−
=
−
= ⋅ ⋅
0
2
1
0
2
PRACH ,
2 RA CP
1
0
ZC
( ) ZC
N
k
j k K k f t T
N
n
N
β
where 0 ≤ t < TPRE +TCP , β PRACH is an amplitude scaling factor and RB
UL
RB RB
sc
2
k0 = kRANsc − N N . The location in the
frequency domain is controlled by the parameter kRA , expressed as a resource block number configured by higher
layers and fulfilling 0 UL 6
≤ kRA ≤ NRB − . The factor K = Δf ΔfRA accounts for the difference in subcarrier spacing
between the random access preamble and uplink data transmission. The variable ΔfRA , the subcarrier spacing for the
random access preamble, and the variable ϕ , a fixed offset determining the frequency-domain location of the random
access preamble within the resource blocks, are both given by Table 5.7.3-1.

Release 8 20 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Table 5.7.3-1: Random access baseband parameters.
Frame structure Burst format ΔfRA ϕ
Type 1 0 – 3 1250 Hz 12
Type 2 0 7500 Hz 2 1 1875 Hz 9
5.8 Modulation and upconversion
Modulation and upconversion to the carrier frequency of the complex-valued SC-FDMA baseband signal for each
antenna port is shown in Figure 5.8-1. The filtering required prior to transmission is defined by the requirements in [6].
3GPP
Re{sl (t)}
Im{sl (t)}
cos (2πf0t)
− sin (2πf0t)
sl (t)
Figure 5.8-1: Uplink modulation.
6 Downlink
6.1 Overview
The smallest time-frequency unit for downlink transmission is denoted a resource element and is defined in
Section 6.2.2.
6.1.1 Physical channels
A downlink physical channel corresponds to a set of resource elements carrying information originating from higher
layers and is the interface defined between 36.212 and 36.211. The following downlink physical channels are defined:
- Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH
- Physical Broadcast Channel, PBCH
- Physical Multicast Channel, PMCH
- Physical Control Format Indicator Channel, PCFICH
- Physical Downlink Control Channel, PDCCH
- Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel, PHICH

Release 8 21 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
6.1.2 Physical signals
A downlink signal corresponds to a set of resource elements used by the physical layer but does not carry information
originating from higher layers. The following downlink physical signals are defined:
- reference signal
- synchronization signal
6.2 Slot structure and physical resource elements
6.2.1 Resource grid
The transmitted signal in each slot is described by a resource grid of RB
3GPP
NRB DL
N DL
sc
subcarriers and Nsymb OFDM symbols.
The resource grid structure is illustrated in Figure 6.2.2-1. The quantity DL
NRB depends on the downlink transmission
bandwidth configured in the cell and shall fulfil
6 DL 110
≤ NRB ≤
The set of allowed values for DL
NRB is given by [6]. The number of OFDM symbols in a slot depends on the cyclic
prefix length and subcarrier spacing configured and is given in Table 6.2.3-1.
In case of multi-antenna transmission, there is one resource grid defined per antenna port. An antenna port is defined by
its associated reference signal. The set of antenna ports supported depends on the reference signal configuration in the
cell:
- Cell-specific reference signals, associated with non-MBSFN transmission, support a configuration of one, two,
or four antenna ports, i.e. the antenna port number p shall fulfil p = 0 , p∈{0,1}, and p∈{0,1,2,3},
respectively.
- MBSFN reference signals, associated with MBSFN transmission, are transmitted on antenna port p = 4 .
- UE-specific reference signals, supported in frame structure type 2 only, are transmitted on antenna port p = 5 .
6.2.2 Resource elements
Each element in the resource grid for antenna port p is called a resource element and is uniquely identified by the
index pair (k, l) in a slot where 0,..., RB 1
sc
DL
k = NRB N − and 0,..., 1 DL
l = Nsymb − are the indices in the frequency and time
domains, respectively. Resource element (k, l) on antenna port p corresponds to the complex value ( )
ak p
,
l . When there
is no risk for confusion, or no particular antenna port is specified, the index p may be dropped.

Release 8 22 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Nsymb and RB
DL
Nsymb × N resource elements, corresponding to one slot in the time domain and 180 kHz in the frequency
⎢
= RB
n k
3GPP
DL
Nsymb
Tslot
l = 0 DL 1
l = Nsymb −
RB
sc
DL
NRB × N
RB
Nsc
RB
sc
DL
Nsymb × N
(k,l)
Figure 6.2.2-1: Downlink resource grid.
6.2.3 Resource blocks
Physical and virtual resource blocks are defined.
A physical resource block is defined as DL
Nsymb consecutive OFDM symbols in the time domain and RB
Nsc consecutive
subcarriers in the frequency domain, where DL
Nsc are given by Table 6.2.3-1. A physical resource block thus
consists of RB
sc
domain.
The relation between physical resource blocks and resource elements depends on DL
NRB and the subframe number. The
relation between the physical resource block number nPRB and resource elements (k, l) in a slot is given by
⎥
⎥ ⎥⎦
⎢ ⎢⎣
sc
PRB N

Release 8 23 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
for 0 7
for 6
for 7
3GPP
with the exception of subframe 0 in case of DL
NRB being an odd number in which case
RB
sc
DL
RB
RB
sc
DL
RB
⎢
=
n k
⎢ −
=
⎥
n k N
⎢
=
n k
RB
sc
PRB
RB
sc
DL
RB RB
sc
DL
RB
RB
sc
RB
sc
PRB
RB
sc
DL
RB
RB
sc
PRB
2
1
2
6
2
2
1
2
N N k N N
N
N N k N N
N
k N N
N
⋅ ≤ ≤ ⋅
+
⎥
⎥ ⎥⎦
⎢ ⎢⎣
⋅ −
+
⋅ ≤ ≤
−
⎥
⎥ ⎥⎦
⎢ ⎢⎣
⋅ −
−
≤ ≤
⎥ ⎥⎦
⎢ ⎢⎣
The resulting resource block structure is illustrated in Figure 6.2.3-1. Note that there is no physical resource block with
number (( DL 1) 2) 3
nPRB = NRB − + in subframe 0 in case of DL
NRB being an odd number.
Table 6.2.3-1: Physical resource block parameters.
DL
Nsymb Configuration RB
Nsc
Normal cyclic prefix Δf = 15 kHz 7 9
Δf = 15 kHz
12
6 8
Extended cyclic prefix
Δf = 7.5 kHz 24 3 4

Release 8 24 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
3GPP
DC
DL
NRB an even number of resource blocks
Resource block DL 1
NRB −
Resource block 0
All subframes
DL
NRB an odd number of resource blocks
Resource block DL 1
DL 1
RB +
N −
RB
Nsc unused subcarriers
DC DC
All subframes except subframe 0
Subframe 0
2
NRB −
Resource block 4
2
DL
NRB an odd number of resource blocks DL
NRB an even number of resource blocks
Resource block DL 1
NRB −
Resource block 0
DL 1
RB +
N −
Resource block 2
2
DL 1
RB −
N −
Resource block 3
2
RB
Nsc unused subcarriers
2
DL 1
RB −
N −
Resource block 4
2
Resource block 0
Figure 6.2.3-1: Illustration of the relation between resource blocks and resource elements.
A virtual resource block is of the same size as a physical resource block. Two types of virtual resource blocks are
defined:
- virtual resource blocks of distributed type
- virtual resource blocks of localized type
Virtual resource blocks are mapped to physical resource blocks with the mapping depending on the diversity order
configured.
For second-order diversity, one virtual resource block is mapped to one physical resource block. The virtual-to-physical
resource block mapping is different in the two slots of a subframe.

Release 8 25 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
6.2.4 Guard Period for TDD Operation
For TDD operation with frame structure type 1, the last NGP downlink OFDM symbol(s) in a subframe immediately
preceding a downlink-to-uplink switch point can be reserved for guard time and consequently not transmitted. The
supported guard periods are listed in Table 6.2.4-1.
Table 6.2.4-1: Guard periods for TDD operation with frame structure type 1.
Configuration Supported guard periods in OFDM symbols Subframe 0 Subframe 5 All other subframes
Normal cyclic prefix Δf = 15 kHz 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 12
Extended cyclic prefix Δf = 15 kHz 0, 1, 2, 3 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 10
For frame structure type 2, the GP field in Figure 4.2-1 serves as a guard period. Longer guard periods can be obtained
by not using UpPTS and subframe 1 for transmission.
6.3 General structure for downlink physical channels
This section describes a general structure, applicable to more than one physical channel.
The baseband signal representing a downlink physical channel is defined in terms of the following steps:
- scrambling of coded bits in each of the code words to be transmitted on a physical channel
- modulation of scrambled bits to generate complex-valued modulation symbols
- mapping of the complex-valued modulation symbols onto one or several transmission layers
- precoding of the complex-valued modulation symbols on each layer for transmission on the antenna ports
- mapping of complex-valued modulation symbols for each antenna port to resource elements
- generation of complex-valued time-domain OFDM signal for each antenna port
Figure 6.3-1: Overview of physical channel processing.
6.3.1 Scrambling
For each code word q , the block of bits (0),..., ( ( ) 1)
b(q) b(q) M q − , where ( )
bit
c(q) c(q) M − . Up to two code words can be transmitted in one subframe, i.e., q∈{0,1}.
3GPP
M q is the number of bits in code word q
bit
transmitted on the physical channel in one subframe, shall be scrambled prior to modulation, resulting in a block of
scrambled bits (0),..., ( (q) 1)
bit

Release 8 26 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
6.3.2 Modulation
For each code word q , the block of scrambled bits c(q) (0),..., c(q) ( M (q) − 1)
shall be modulated as described in
d (q) d (q) M − for code word q shall be mapped onto the
x i d i 2 (1)
x i d i
x i d i
x i d i
x i d i
x i d i
3GPP
bit
Section 7 using one of the modulation schemes in Table 6.3.2-1, resulting in a block of complex-valued modulation
symbols d (q) (0),..., d (q) ( M (q) − 1)
.
symb
Table 6.3.2-1: Modulation schemes
PDSCH QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
PMCH QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
6.3.3 Layer mapping
The complex-valued modulation symbols for each of the code words to be transmitted are mapped onto one or several
layers. Complex-valued modulation symbols (0),..., ( (q) 1)
symb
layers [ ]T x(i) = x(0) (i) ... x(υ −1) (i) , 0,1,..., layer 1
i = Msymb − where υ is the number of layers and layer
Msymb is the number of
modulation symbols per layer.
6.3.3.1 Layer mapping for transmission on a single antenna port
For transmission on a single antenna port, a single layer is used, υ = 1 , and the mapping is defined by
x(0) (i) = d (0) (i)
with (0)
Msymb layer
= M symb
.
6.3.3.2 Layer mapping for spatial multiplexing
For spatial multiplexing, the layer mapping shall be done according to Table 6.3.3.2-1. The number of layers υ is less
than or equal to the number of antenna ports P used for transmission of the physical channel.
Table 6.3.3.2-1: Codeword-to-layer mapping for spatial multiplexing
Number of layers Number of code
words
Codeword-to-layer mapping
0,1,..., layer 1
i = Msymb −
1 1 x(0) (i) = d (0) (i) (0)
symb
layer
Msymb = M
x(0) (i) = d (0) (i)
2 2
x(1) (i) = d (1) (i)
(1)
symb
Msymb layer
= M (0)
symb
= M
x(0) (i) = d (0) (i)
3 2
(1) (1)
( ) =
(2 )
(2) (1)
( ) = (2 +
1)
symb
Msymb layer
= M (0)
symb
= M
(0) (0)
( ) =
(2 )
(1) (0)
( ) = (2 +
1)
4 2
(2) (1)
( ) =
(2 )
(3) (1)
( ) = (2 +
1)
layer
Msymb = M = M
2 (1) 2
symb
(0)
symb

Release 8 27 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
6.3.3.3 Layer mapping for transmit diversity
For transmit diversity, the layer mapping shall be done according to Table 6.3.3.3-1. There is only one codeword and
the number of layers υ is equal to the number of antenna ports P used for transmission of the physical channel.
Table 6.3.3.3-1: Codeword-to-layer mapping for transmit diversity
x i d i
x i d i
x i d i
x i d i
x i d i
x i d i
( ) ( )
M M
3GPP
Number of layers Number of code
words
Codeword-to-layer mapping
0,1,..., layer 1
i = Msymb −
(0) (0)
=
( ) (2 )
2 1 (1) ( ) = (0)
(2 +
1)
(0) 2
symb
layer
Msymb = M
4 1
(0) (0)
=
( ) (4 )
(1) (0)
= +
( ) (4 1)
(2) (0)
= +
( ) (4 2)
(3) (0)
= +
( ) (4 3)
(0) 4
symb
layer
Msymb = M
6.3.4 Precoding
The precoder takes as input a block of vectors [ ]T x(i) = x(0) (i) ... x(υ −1) (i) , 0,1,..., layer 1
i = Msymb − from the layer
mapping and generates a block of vectors y(i) = [... y( p) (i) ...]T , 0,1,..., ap 1
i = Msymb − to be mapped onto resources on
each of the antenna ports, where y ( p) (i) represents the signal for antenna port p .
6.3.4.1 Precoding for transmission on a single antenna port
For transmission on a single antenna port, precoding is defined by
y( p) (i) = x(0) (i)
where p∈{0,4,5} is the number of the single antenna port used for transmission of the physical channel and
i = 0,1,..., Msymb ap − 1
, layer
symb
ap
Msymb = M .
6.3.4.2 Precoding for spatial multiplexing
Precoding for spatial multiplexing is only used in combination with layer mapping for spatial multiplexing as described
in Section 6.3.3.2. Spatial multiplexing supports two or four antenna ports and the set of antenna ports used is
p∈{0,1}or p∈{0,1,2,3}, respectively.
6.3.4.2.1 Precoding for zero and small-delay CDD
For zero-delay and small-delay cyclic delay diversity (CDD), precoding for spatial multiplexing is defined by
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎦
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
=
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎦
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
x i
( )
y i
( )
(0)
(0)
− − ( )
( )
( 1)
( 1)
x i
D k W i
y i
i
P υ
where the precoding matrix W(i) is of size P×υ , the quantity D(ki ) is a diagonal matrix for support of cyclic delay
diversity, ki represents the frequency-domain index of the resource element to which modulation symbol i is mapped
to and 0,1,..., ap 1
i = Msymb − , layer
symb
ap
Msymb = M .

Release 8 28 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
The matrix D(ki ) shall be selected from Table 6.3.4.2.1-1, where a UE-specific value of δ is semi-statically
configured in the UE and the eNodeB by higher layer signalling. The quantity η in Table 6.3.4.2.1-1 is the smallest
number from the set {128,256,512,1024,2048} such that RB
1 0
⎡
0 e− j2π ⋅ki ⋅δ
1 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
( ) ( )
M M
P υ
3GPP
sc
DL
η ≥ NRB N .
Table 6.3.4.2.1-1: Zero and small delay cyclic delay diversity.
Set of δ
antenna
Number of layers
υ D(ki ) No
ports used
CDD
Small
delay
1 {0,1}
2
⎤
⎥⎦
⎢⎣
0 2 η
1
2
3
{0,1,2,3}
4
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎦
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
− ⋅ ⋅
− ⋅ ⋅
− ⋅ ⋅
π δ
π δ
π δ
2 3
2 2
2
0 0 0
i
i
i
j k
j k
j k
e
e
e
0 1η
For spatial multiplexing, the values of W(i) shall be selected among the precoder elements in the codebook configured
in the eNodeB and the UE. The eNodeB can further confine the precoder selection in the UE to a subset of the elements
in the codebook using codebook subset restrictions. The configured codebook shall be selected from Table 6.3.4.2.3-1
or 6.3.4.2.3-2.
6.3.4.2.2 Precoding for large delay CDD
For large-delay CDD, precoding for spatial multiplexing is defined by
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎦
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
=
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎦
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
x i
( )
y i
( )
(0)
(0)
− ( )
− ( )
( 1)
( 1)
x i
W i D i U
y i
where the precoding matrix W(i) is of size P×υ and 0,1,..., ap 1
i = Msymb − , layer
symb
ap
Msymb = M . The diagonal size-υ ×υ
matrix D(i) supporting cyclic delay diversity and the size-υ ×υ matrix U are both given by Table 6.3.4.2.2-1 for
different numbers of layers υ .
The values of the precoding matrix W(i) shall be selected among the precoder elements in the codebook configured in
the eNodeB and the UE. The eNodeB can further confine the precoder selection in the UE to a subset of the elements in
the codebook using codebook subset restriction. The configured codebook shall be selected from Table 6.3.4.2.3-1 or
6.3.4.2.3-2.

Release 8 29 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Table 6.3.4.2.2-1: Large-delay cyclic delay diversity
1 1
⎡
1 − 2 2
⎤
1 1 1
j j
e e
2 3 4 3
− π −
π
j 4 3 j
8 3
1 1 1 1
j j j
2 4 4 4 6 4
− − −
π π π
e e e
j j j
4 4 8 4 12 4
− − −
π π π
e e e
j j j
6 4 12 4 18 4
⎤
1
⎡
0
⎤
⎡
1
⎡
1
2
1
⎤
⎡
−1
⎤
⎡
1
2
j
⎤
⎡
− j
3GPP
Number of
layers υ
U D(i)
1 [1] [1]
2 ⎥⎦
⎤
⎢⎣
⎤
1 0
⎡
0 − 2 2
π j e ⎥⎦
⎢⎣
e j πi
3
⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎦
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢
1
⎣
e e
− −
1
π π
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎦
1 0 0
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
0 0
−
−
4 3
2 3
0 0
j i
j i
e
e
π
π
4
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎦
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢
1
1
⎣
− − −
1
π π π
e e e
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎦
1 0 0 0
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
0 0 0
0 0 0
−
−
−
6 4
4 4
2 4
0 0 0
j i
j i
j i
e
e
e
π
π
π
6.3.4.2.3 Codebook for precoding
For transmission on two antenna ports, p∈{0,1}, the precoding matrix W(i) for zero, small, and large-delay CDD shall
be selected from Table 6.3.4.2.3-1 or a subset thereof.
Table 6.3.4.2.3-1: Codebook for transmission on antenna ports {0,1}.
Codebook
index
Number of layers υ
1 2
0 ⎥⎦
⎢⎣
⎤
⎥⎦
⎡
1 0
2
0 1
⎢⎣
1
1 ⎥⎦
⎢⎣
0
⎤
⎥⎦
1 1
2
⎢⎣ ⎡
1 −1
1
2 ⎥⎦
⎢⎣
1
⎤
⎥⎦
1 1
2
⎡
j − j
⎢⎣
1
3 ⎥⎦ ⎤
⎢⎣
1
1
2
-
4 ⎥⎦
⎢⎣
1
-
1
5 ⎥⎦
⎢⎣
1
2
-
For transmission on four antenna ports, p∈{0,1,2,3}, the precoding matrix W for zero, small, and large-delay CDD
shall be selected from Table 6.3.4.2.3-2 or a subset thereof. The quantity {s}
Wn denotes the matrix defined by the
H
n
H
columns given by the set {s} from the expression n
Wn = I − 2unun u u where I is the 4× 4 identity matrix and the
vector un is given by Table 6.3.4.2.3-2.

Release 8 30 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Table 6.3.4.2.3-2: Codebook for transmission on antenna ports {0,1,2,3}.
Codebook
index un Number of layers υ
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 1 0
3GPP
1 2 3 4
0 u0 = [1 −1 −1 −1]T {1}
W0 3 {124}
W0 2 {1234}
W0 2 {14}
W0
1 u1 = [1 − j 1 j]T {1}
W1 3 {123}
W1 2 {1234}
W1 2 {12}
W1
2 u [1 1 1 1]T 2 = − {1}
W2 3 {123}
W2 2 {3214}
W2 2 {12}
W2
3 u3 = [1 j 1 − j]T
{1}
W3 2 {12}
W3 W3 {123}
3 W3
{3214}
2 4 [ ]T u4 = 1 (−1− j) 2 − j (1− j) 2 {1}
W4 3 {124}
W4 2 {1234}
W4 2 {14}
W4
5 [ ]T u5 = 1 (1− j) 2 j (−1− j) 2 {1}
W5 3 {124}
W5 2 {1234}
W5 2 {14}
W5
6 [ ]T u6 = 1 (1+ j) 2 − j (−1+ j) 2 {1}
W6 3 {134}
W6 2 {1324}
W6 2 {13}
W6
7 [ ]T u7 = 1 (−1+ j) 2 j (1+ j) 2 {1}
W7 3 {134}
W7 2 {1324}
W7 2 {13}
W7
8 u8 = [1 −1 1 1]T {1}
W8 3 {124}
W8 2 {1234}
W8 2 {12}
W8
9 u9 = [1 − j −1 − j]T
{1}
W9 2 {14}
W9 W9 {134}
3 W9
{1234}
2 10 u10 = [1 1 1 −1]T {1}
W10 3 {123}
W10 2 {1324}
W10 2 {13}
W10
11 u11 = [1 j −1 j]T {1}
W11 3 {134}
W11 2 {1324}
W11 2 {13}
W11
12 u12 = [1 −1 −1 1]T {1}
W12 3 {123}
W12 2 {1234}
W12 2 {12}
W12
13 u13 = [1 −1 1 −1]T {1}
W13 3 {123}
W13 2 {1324}
W13 2 {13}
W13
14 u14 = [1 1 −1 −1]T {1}
W14 3 {123}
W14 2 {3214}
W14 2 {13}
W14
15 u15 = [1 1 1 1]T {1}
W15 3 {123}
W15 2 {1234}
W15 2 {12}
15 W
6.3.4.3 Precoding for transmit diversity
Precoding for transmit diversity is only used in combination with layer mapping for transmit diversity as described in
Section 6.3.3.3. The precoding operation for transmit diversity is defined for two and four antenna ports.
For transmission on two antenna ports, p∈{0,1}, the output [ ]T y(i) = y(0) (i) y(1) (i) of the precoding operation is
defined by
( )
( )
( )
( )⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎤
⎦
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎦
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
−
−
=
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎦
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
y i
(2 )
y i
(2 )
(0)
(1)
y i
(2 +
1)
+
(0)
x i
Re ( )
(1)
x i
Re ( )
(0)
x i
Im ( )
Im ( )
j
1 0 0
(2 1)
(1)
(0)
(1)
x i
j
j
j
y i
for 0,1,..., layer 1
i = Msymb − with layer
symb
ap
Msymb = 2M .
For transmission on four antenna ports, p∈{0,1,2,3}, the output [ ]T y(i) = y(0) (i) y(1) (i) y(2) (i) y(3) (i) of the
precoding operation is defined by

Release 8 31 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
j
0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0
j
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
y( p) y( p) M − shall be mapped in sequence starting with y( p) (0) to virtual resource blocks assigned for
transmission. The mapping to resource elements (k,l) on antenna port p not reserved for other purposes shall be in
increasing order of first the index k and then the index l , starting with the first slot in a subframe.
6.4 Physical downlink shared channel
The physical downlink shared channel shall be processed and mapped to resource elements as described in Section 6.3
with the following exceptions:
3GPP
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎤
⎦
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎦
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
−
−
−
−
=
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎦
⎡
⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
y i
(4 )
y i
(4 )
y i
(4 )
y i
(4 )
(0)
(1)
(2)
(3)
y i
(4 +
1)
y i
(4 +
1)
y i
(4 +
1)
y i
(4 +
1)
y i
(4 +
2)
(0)
(1)
(2)
(3)
y i
(4 +
2)
y i
(4 +
2)
y i
(4 +
2)
y i
(4 +
3)
y i
(4 +
3)
y i
(4 +
3)
+
(0)
x i
Re ( )
(1)
x i
Re ( )
(2)
x i
Re ( )
(3)
x i
Re ( )
(0)
x i
Im ( )
(1)
x i
Im ( )
(2)
x i
Im ( )
Im ( )
0 0 1 0 0 0 0
(4 3)
(3)
(0)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(0)
(1)
(2)
(3)
x i
j
j
j
j
j
j
y i
for 0,1,..., layer 1
i = Msymb − with layer
symb
ap
Msymb = 4M .
6.3.5 Mapping to resource elements
For each of the antenna ports used for transmission of the physical channel, the block of complex-valued symbols
(0),..., ( ap 1)
symb
- The set of antenna ports used for transmission of the PDSCH is one of {0}, {0,1}, or {0,1,2,3} if UE-specific
reference signals are not transmitted
- The antenna ports used for transmission of the PDSCH is {5} if UE-specific reference signals are transmitted
6.5 Physical multicast channel
The physical multicast channel shall be processed and mapped to resource elements as described in Section 6.3 with the
following exceptions:
- No transmit diversity scheme is specified
- For transmission on a single antenna port, layer mapping and precoding shall be done assuming a single antenna
port and the transmission shall use antenna port 4.

Release 8 32 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
6.6 Physical broadcast channel
6.6.1 Scrambling
The block of bits b(0),...,b(Mbit −1) , where Mbit is the number of bits transmitted on the physical broadcast channel,
shall be scrambled prior to modulation, resulting in a block of scrambled bits c(0),...,c(Mbit −1).
6.6.2 Modulation
complex-valued modulation symbols d(0),..., d(Msymb −1) . Table 6.6.2-1 specifies the modulation mappings applicable
for the physical broadcast channel.
Table 6.6.2-1: PBCH modulation schemes
PBCH QPSK
6.6.3 Layer mapping and precoding
The block of modulation symbols d(0),...,d(Msymb −1) shall be mapped to layers according to one of Sections 6.3.3.1
or 6.3.3.3 with symb
(0)
Msymb = M and precoded according to one of Sections 6.3.4.1 or 6.3.4.3, resulting in a block of
vectors y(i) = [y(0) (i) ... y(P−1) (i)]T , i = 0,...,Msymb −1, where y ( p) (i) represents the signal for antenna port p and
where p = 0,..., P −1and the number of antenna ports P∈{1,2,4}.
The block of complex-valued symbols y( p) (0),..., y( p) ( M symb − 1)
for each antenna port is transmitted during 4
consecutive radio frames and shall be mapped in sequence starting with y(0) to physical resource blocks number
( DL 1) 2 3
NRB − − to ( 1) 2 2 DL
NRB − + in case DL
RB N is an odd number and DL 2 3
3GPP
NRB − to 2 2 DL
NRB + in case DL
NRB is an
even number. The mapping to resource elements (k,l) not reserved for transmission of reference signals shall be in
increasing order of first the index k , then the index l in subframe 0, then the slot number and finally the radio frame
number. For frame structure type 2, only subframe 0 in the first half-frame of a radio frame is used for PBCH
transmission. The set of values of the index l to be used in subframe 0 in each of the four radio frames during which
the physical broadcast channel is transmitted is given by Table 6.6.4-1.
Table 6.6.4-1: Index value l for the PBCH
Configuration Values of index l
Normal cyclic prefix Δf = 15 kHz 3, 4 in slot 0 of subframe 0
0, 1 in slot 1 of subframe 0 3, 4, 5, 6 In subframe 0 in the first half-frame
of a radio frame
Extended cyclic prefix Δf = 15 kHz 3 in slot 0 of subframe 0
0, 1, 2 in slot 1 of subframe 0 3, 4, 5, 6 In subframe 0 in the first half-frame
of a radio frame
6.7 Physical control format indicator channel
The physical control format indicator channel carries information about the number of OFDM symbols (1, 2 or 3) used
for transmission of PDCCHs in a subframe.

Release 8 33 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
6.7.1 Scrambling
The block of bits b(0),...,b(31) transmitted in one subframe shall be scrambled prior to modulation, resulting in a block
of scrambled bits c(0),...,c(31) . The scrambling sequence is uniquely defined by the physical-layer cell identity.
6.7.2 Modulation
The block of scrambled bits c(0),...,c(31) shall be modulated as described in Section 7, resulting in a block of complex-valued
modulation symbols d(0),...,d(15) . Table 6.7.2-1 specifies the modulation mappings applicable for the physical
b(i) b(i) M − on each of the control channels to be transmitted in a subframe, where (i)
3GPP
control format indicator channel.
Table 6.7.2-1: PCFICH modulation schemes
PCFICH QPSK
The block of modulation symbols d(0),...,d(15) shall be mapped to layers according to one of Sections 6.3.3.1 or
6.3.3.3 with symb
(0)
vectors y(i) = [y(0) (i) ... y(P−1) (i)]T , i = 0,...,15 , where y ( p) (i) represents the signal for antenna port p and where
p = 0,..., P −1and the number of antenna ports P∈{1,2,4}.
For transmission on two or four antenna ports, the block of vectors y(i) = [y(0) (i) ... y(P−1) (i)]T , i = 0,...,15 shall be
mapped in a cell-specific way to four groups of four contiguous physical resource elements excluding reference
symbols in the first OFDM symbol in a downlink subframe.
6.8 Physical downlink control channel
6.8.1 PDCCH formats
The physical downlink control channel carries scheduling assignments and other control information. A physical control
channel is transmitted on an aggregation of one or several control channel elements (CCEs), where a control channel
element corresponds to a set of resource elements. Multiple PDCCHs can be transmitted in a subframe.
The PDCCH supports multiple formats as listed in Table 6.8.1-1.
Table 6.8.1-1: Supported PDCCH formats
PDCCH format Number of CCEs Number of PDCCH bits
0 1
1 2
2 4
3 8
6.8.2 Scrambling
The block of bits (0),..., ( (i) 1)
bit
Mbit is
the number of bits in one subframe to be transmitted on physical downlink control channel number i , shall be
multiplexed, resulting in a block of

Release 8 34 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
b(0) b(0) M − b b M − b nPDCCH − b nPDCCH − M nPDCCH − , where nPDCCH is the
bits (0),..., ( 1), (0),..., ( 1),..., (0),..., ( ( -1) 1)
b(0) b(0) M − b b M − b nPDCCH − b nPDCCH − M nPDCCH − shall be
z( p) z( p) M − shall be cyclically shifted by 4NCSS symbols,
w( p) w( p) M − where ( ) ( ) CSS symb
w( p) w( p) M − shall be mapped in sequence starting with w( p) (0)
3GPP
bit
(1) ( 1) ( 1)
bit
(0) (1) (1)
bit
number of PDCCHs transmitted in the subframe.
The block of bits (0),..., ( 1), (0),..., ( 1),..., (0),..., ( ( -1) 1)
bit
(1) ( 1) ( 1)
bit
(0) (1) (1)
bit
nPDCCH
i
scrambled prior to modulation, resulting in a block of scrambled bits c(0),...,c(Mtot −1) where Σ −
= = 1
M M i .
0
( )
tot bit
6.8.3 Modulation
The block of scrambled bits c(0),...,c(Mtot −1) shall be modulated as described in Section 7, resulting in a block of
complex-valued modulation symbols d(0),..., d(Msymb −1) . Table 6.8.3-1 specifies the modulation mappings applicable
for the physical downlink control channel.
Table 6.8.3-1: PDCCH modulation schemes
PDCCH QPSK
The block of modulation symbols d(0),...,d(Msymb −1) shall be mapped to layers according to one of Sections 6.3.3.1
or 6.3.3.3 with symb
(0)
vectors y(i) = [y(0) (i) ... y(P−1) (i)]T , i = 0,...,Msymb −1 to be mapped onto resources on the antenna ports used for
transmission, where y ( p) (i) represents the signal for antenna port p .
The block of complex-valued symbols (0),..., ( symb 1)
y( p) y( p) M − for each antenna port used for transmission shall be
z( p) z( p) M − .
permuted in groups of four symbols, resulting in a block of complex-valued symbols (0),..., ( symb 1)
resulting in the sequence (0),..., ( symb 1)
w( p) i = z( p) (i + 4N )modM .
to resource elements corresponding to the physical control channels. The mapping to resource elements (k,l) on
antenna port p not used for reference signals, PHICH or PCFICH shall be in increasing order of first the index k and
then the index l , where l = 0,..., L −1 and L ≤ 3 corresponds to the value transmitted on the PCFICH. In case of the
PDCCHs being transmitted using antenna port 0 only, the mapping operation shall assume reference signals
corresponding to antenna port 0 and antenna port 1 being present, otherwise the mapping operation shall assume
reference signals being present corresponding to the actual antenna ports used for transmission of the PDCCH.
6.9 Physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel
The PHICH carries the hybrid-ARQ ACK/NAK.
6.9.1 Scrambling
The block of bits b(0),...,b(Mbit −1) transmitted in one subframe shall be scrambled prior to modulation, resulting in a
block of scrambled bits c(0),...,c(Mbit −1) .

Release 8 35 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
6.9.2 Modulation
For transmission on one or two antenna ports, the block of scrambled bits c(0),...,c(Mbit −1) shall be bit-wise
multiplied with an orthogonal sequence according to
( PHICH ) ( ) ( )
z i ⋅ NSF + m = w m ⋅ c i
PHICH
SF
m N
0,..., 1
= −
i = M
−
3GPP
where
0,..., 1
bit
The sequence [ (0) ( PHICH 1)]
w L w NSF − is given by Table 6.9.2-1.
Table 6.9.2-1: Orthogonal sequences [ (0) ( PHICH 1)]
w L w NSF − for PHICH
Sequence index Orthogonal sequence
PHICH 4
NSF =
0
1
2
3
The block of bits z(i) shall be modulated as described in Section 7, resulting in a block of complex-valued modulation
symbols d(0),...,d(Msymb −1) . Table 6.9.2-2 specifies the modulation mappings applicable for the physical hybrid
ARQ indicator channel.
Table 6.9.2-2: PHICH modulation schemes
PHICH
For transmission on one or two antenna ports, the block of modulation symbols d(0),..., d(Msymb −1) shall be mapped
to layers according to one of Sections 6.3.3.1 or 6.3.3.3 with symb
(0)
Msymb = M and precoded according to one of
Sections 6.3.4.1 or 6.3.4.3, resulting in a block of vectors y(i) = [y(0) (i) ... y(P−1) (i)]T , i = 0,...,Msymb −1, where
y ( p) (i) represents the signal for antenna port p and where p = 0,..., P −1and the number of antenna ports P∈{1,2,4}.
The block of complex-valued symbols y( p) (0),..., y( p) ( M symb − 1)
for each of the antenna ports used for transmission
shall be mapped to three groups of four contiguous physical resource elements not used for reference signals and
PCFICH. In case multiple PHICHes are mapped to the same resource elements, these PHICHes shall be summed prior
to the mapping. Higher layers can configure the PHICH to span the first or the first three OFDM symbols in a subframe.
The value configured puts a lower limit on the size of the control region signalled by the PCFICH. If the PHICH is
configured to span three OFDM symbols, there is one group of four resource elements in each of the three OFDM
symbols.
6.10 Reference signals
Three types of downlink reference signals are defined:

Release 8 36 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
- Cell-specific reference signals, associated with non-MBSFN transmission
- MBSFN reference signals, associated with MBSFN transmission
- UE-specific reference signals (supported in frame structure type 2 only)
There is one reference signal transmitted per downlink antenna port.
6.10.1 Cell-specific reference signals
Editor’s note: The reference signal description in this section is applicable to Δf = 15 kHz only.
Cell-specific reference signals shall be transmitted in all downlink subframes in a cell supporting non-MBSFN
transmission. In case the subframe is used for transmission with MBSFN, only the first two OFDM symbols in a
subframe can be used for transmission of cell-specific reference symbols.
Cell-specific reference signals are transmitted on one or several of antenna ports 0 to 3.
The generation of the two-dimensional reference signal sequence rm,n (ns ) , where ns is the slot number within the radio
frame, depends on the cyclic prefix used.
For normal cyclic prefix, rm,n (ns ) is generated as the symbol-by-symbol product ( ) ( s )
S = S S S T i =
T
i 144424443
4 3
1 1
π
π
π
π
j
j
j
j
e
e
e
e
0 1 1
3GPP
PRS
,
OS
rm,n ns = rm,n ⋅ rm n n of a two-dimensional
orthogonal sequence OS
PRS
rm,n n . There are NOS = 3
rm,n and a two-dimensional pseudo-random sequence ( s )
different two-dimensional orthogonal sequences and NPRS = 170 different two-dimensional pseudo-random sequences.
There is a one-to-one mapping between the three identities within the physical-layer cell identity group and the three
two-dimensional orthogonal sequences such that orthogonal sequence n∈{0,1,2} corresponds to identity n within the
physical-layer cell identity group in Section 6.11.1.1.
For extended cyclic length, rm,n (ns ) is generated from a two-dimensional pseudo-random sequence rm,PRS
n ( n s )
. There is
a one-to-one mapping between the physical-layer cell identity and the NPRS = 510 different two-dimensional pseudo-random
sequences.
6.10.1.1.1 Orthogonal sequence generation
The two-dimensional orthogonal sequence for normal cyclic prefix shall be generated according to
OS
m n
r , = sm,n , n = 0,1 and m = 0,1,...,219
The quantity sm,n is the entry at the m:th row and the n:th column of the matrix Si , defined as
[ ... ] , 0,1,2
74 entries
i
T
i
T
i
where
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎦
⎡
=
⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥
⎦
⎡
=
⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
⎤
⎥ ⎥ ⎥
1 1
⎦
⎡
=
⎢ ⎢ ⎢
⎣
4 3
2 3
2 3 4 3
2
2 3
4 3 2 3
1
1 ,
1
,
1 1
π π
π π
j j
j j
e e
S
e e
S S
for orthogonal sequence 0, 1, and 2, respectively. The orthogonal sequence to use is configured by higher layers.

Release 8 37 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
6.10.1.1.2 Pseudo-random sequence generation
The two-dimensional binary pseudo-random sequence is denoted ( s )
( )
a , rm n n
m v v
6 mod 6 for frame structure type1
shift
6 mod 6 for frame structure type 2
n p
0 if = 0 and ∈
0,1
n p
1 if = 0 and ∈
2,3
+ +
N n p
3 if 1and 0,1
− = ∈
DL
RB
m N
0,1,...,2 1
m ' m 110
N
DL
RB
p
0,1 if 0,1
p
0 if 2,3 and frame structure type1is used
n p
3 if =
0
n p
3 + 3 if =
1
=
n p
3 3( mod 2) if 3
3( mod 2) if 2
s
n p
n p
3 if =
0
n p
3 + 3 if =
1
=
3 n if p
2
3 3 n if p
3
3GPP
PRS
rm,n n where ns is the slot number within a radio
frame.
6.10.1.2 Mapping to resource elements
The two-dimensional reference signal sequence rm,n (ns ) shall be mapped to complex-valued modulation symbols ( )
ak p
,
l
used as reference symbols for antenna port p in slot ns according to
', ( s )
p
k l =
where
( )
( )
⎪ ⎪
⎧
{ }
{ }
{ }
⎩
{ } ⎪ ⎪
⎨
− = ∈
=
⎩ ⎨ ⎧
+ +
=
2 if 1and 2,3
DL
symb
DL
symb
shift
N n p
l
m v v
k
and
= ⋅ −
= + −
⎪⎩
⎧
{ }
{ }
{ } ⎪⎨
∈
∈
∈
=
p
0,1 if 2,3 and frame structure type 2 is used
n
The variables v and vshift define the position in the frequency domain for the different reference signals where v is
given by
⎧
⎪ ⎪ ⎩
⎪ ⎪
⎨
=
+ =
s
v
for frame structure type 1 and by
⎧
⎪ ⎪
⎨
⎪ ⎪
⎩
=
+ =
v
for frame structure type 2.
The cell-specific frequency shift vshift ∈{0,1,...,5} is derived from the physical-layer cell identity.
Resource elements (k, l) used for reference signal transmission on any of the antenna ports in a slot shall not be used
for any transmission on any other antenna port in the same slot and set to zero.
When the number of antenna ports configured for cell-specific reference signals equals four, the eNodeB can control in
which subframes the reference signals for p = 2,3 are transmitted.

Release 8 38 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Figures 6.10.1.2-1, 6.10.1.2-2, and 6.10.1.2-3 and 6.10.1.2-4 illustrate the resource elements used for reference signal
transmission according to the above definition. The notation Rp is used to denote a resource element used for reference
signal transmission on antenna port p .
l = 0 l = 6 l = 0 l = 6
3GPP
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
l = 0 l = 6 l = 0 l = 6
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
l = 0 l = 6 l = 0 l = 6
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
l = 0 l = 6 l = 0 l = 6
R3
R3
R3
R3
l = 0 l = 6 l = 0 l = 6
even-numbered slots odd-numbered slots
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
l = 0 l = 6 l = 0 l = 6
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
Resource element (k,l)
Not used for transmission on this antenna port
Reference symbols on this antenna port
R2
R2
R2
R2
l = 0 l = 6 l = 0 l = 6
Four antenna ports Two antenna ports One antenna port
Antenna port 0 Antenna port 1 Antenna port 2 Antenna port 3
Figure 6.10.1.2-1. Mapping of downlink reference signals (frame structure type 1, normal cyclic
prefix).

Release 8 39 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
l = 0 l = 5 l = 0 l = 5
3GPP
R0
R0
l = 0 l = 5 l = 0 l = 5
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
l = 0 l = 5 l = 0 l = 5
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
l = 0 l = 5 l = 0 l = 5
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
l = 0 l = 5 l = 0 l = 5
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
R3
R3
R3
R3
l = 0 l = 5 l = 0 l = 5
R2
R2
R2
R2
l = 0 l = 5 l = 0 l = 5
Figure 6.10.1.2-2. Mapping of downlink reference signals (frame structure type 1, extended cyclic
prefix).

Release 8 40 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
3GPP
R0
R0
R0
R0
l = 0 l = 8
R0
R0
R0
R0
l = 0 l = 8
R1
R1
R1
R1
l = 0 l = 8
subframe
R0
R0
R0
R0
l = 0 l = 8
R1
R1
R1
R1
l = 0 l = 8
subframe
R2
R2
R2
R2
l = 0 l = 8
subframe
R3
R3
R3
R3
l = 0 l = 8
subframe
Figure 6.10.1.2-3. Mapping of downlink reference signals (frame structure type 2, normal cyclic
prefix).

Release 8 41 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
3GPP
R0
R0
R0
R0
l = 0 l = 7
R0
R0
R0
R0
l = 0 l = 7
R1
R1
R1
R1
l = 0 l = 7
subframe
R0
R0
R0
R0
l = 0 l = 7
R1
R1
R1
R1
l = 0 l = 7
subframe
R2
R2
R2
R2
l = 0 l = 7
subframe
R3
R3
R3
R3
l = 0 l = 7
subframe
Figure 6.10.1.2-4: Mapping of downlink reference signals (frame structure type 2, extended cyclic
prefix).
6.10.2 MBSFN reference signals
MBSFN reference signals shall only be transmitted in subframes allocated for MBSFN transmissions. MBSFN
reference signals are transmitted on antenna port 4.
Figures 6.10.2.2-1 and 6.10.2.2-2 illustrate the resource elements used for MBSFN reference signal transmission in case
of Δf = 15 kHz for frame structure type 1 and 2 respectively. In case of Δf = 7.5 kHz for a MBSFN-dedicated cell, the
MBSFN reference signal shall be mapped to resource elements according to Figures 6.10.2.2-3 and 6.10.2.2-4 for frame
structure type 1 and 2, respectively. The notation Rp is used to denote a resource element used for reference signal
transmission on antenna port p .

Release 8 42 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
3GPP
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
l = 0 l = 5 l = 0 l = 5
Antenna port 4
Figure 6.10.2.2-1: Mapping of MBSFN reference signals (frame structure type 1, extended cyclic
prefix, Δf = 15 kHz )
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
l = 0 l = 7
subframe
Antenna port 4
prefix, Δf = 15 kHz )

Release 8 43 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
l = 0 l = 2 l = 0 l = 2
R4
R4
R4
3GPP
R4
R4
R4
R4
even-numbered
slots
odd-numbered
slots
Antenna port 4
prefix, Δf = 7.5 kHz )
R4
R4
R4
l = 0 l = 3
subframe
Antenna port 4
prefix, Δf = 7.5 kHz )
6.10.3 UE-specific reference signals
UE-specific reference signals are supported for single-antenna-port transmission of PDSCH in frame structure type 2
only and are transmitted on antenna port 5. The UE is informed by higher layers whether the UE-specific reference
signal is present and is a valid phase reference for PDSCH demodulation or not.

Release 8 44 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
6.11 Synchronization signals
There are 510 unique physical-layer cell identities. The physical-layer cell identities are grouped into 170 unique
physical-layer cell-identity groups, each group containing three unique identities. The grouping is such that each
physical-layer cell identity is part of one and only one physical-layer cell-identity group. A physical-layer cell identity
is thus uniquely defined by a number in the range of 0 to 169, representing the physical-layer cell-identity group, and a
number in the range of 0 to 2, representing the physical-layer identity within the physical-layer cell-identity group.
6.11.1 Primary synchronization signal
The sequence used for the primary synchronization signal in a cell shall be selected from a set of three different
sequences. There is a one-to-one mapping between the three physical-layer cell identities within the physical-layer cell-identity
group and the three sequences used for the primary synchronization signal.
The sequence d(n) used for the primary synchronization signal is generated from a frequency-domain Zadoff-Chu
sequence according to
j un n
( 1)
d n e n j u n n
( ) 0,1,...,30
63
= = + +
( 1)( 2)
e n
⎥
⎢
ak l = d n k N N , = n − 31 + l N DL
n
⎥
DL
RB = − = − − −
⎢
k n N N = − 31 + l N DL
n
3GPP
⎧
⎪⎩
⎪⎨
=
−
+
−
31,32,...,61
63
u π
π
where the Zadoff-Chu root sequence index u is given by Table 6.11.1.1-1.
Table 6.11.1.1-1: Root indices for the primary synchronization signal.
Physical-layer cell identity within the physical-layer cell-identity group Root index u
0 25
1 29
2 34
The mapping of the sequence to resource elements depends on the frame structure. The antenna port used for
transmission of the primary synchronization signal is not specified.
For frame structure type 1, the primary synchronization signal is only transmitted in slots 0 and 10 and the sequence
d(n) shall be mapped to the resource elements according to
( ) , 1, 0,...,61
2
symb
RB
sc
DL
RB
, = − =
⎥ ⎥⎦
⎢ ⎢⎣
Resource elements (k, l) in slots 0 and 10 where
, 1, 5, 4,..., 1,62,63,...,66
2
symb
RB
sc
⎥ ⎥⎦
⎢ ⎢⎣
are reserved and not used for transmission of the primary synchronization signal.
For frame structure type 2, the primary synchronization signal is transmitted in the DwPTS field.

Release 8 45 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
6.11.2 Secondary synchronization signal
The sequence used for the second synchronization signal is an interleaved concatenation of two length-31 binary
sequences obtained as cyclic shifts of a single length-31 M-sequence generated by x5 + x 2 +1. The concatenated
sequence is scrambled with a scrambling sequence given by the primary synchronization signal.
The mapping of the sequence to resource elements depends on the frame structure. In a subframe, the same antenna port
as for the primary synchronization signal shall be used for the secondary synchronization signal.
For frame structure type 1, the secondary synchronization signal is only transmitted in slots 0 and 10 and the sequence
d(n) shall be mapped to the resource elements according to
⎥
⎢
ak l = d n k = n − + N N l N n
( ) , 31 , DL
2, 0,...,61
2
⎥
DL
RB = − = − − −
⎢
k n N N = − 31 + l N DL
n
= ⋅ Δ − + ⋅ − +
s t a e l a e l π π
k (−) = k + N N and ⎣ RB 2⎦ 1
3GPP
symb
RB
sc
DL
RB
, = − =
⎥ ⎥⎦
⎢ ⎢⎣
Resource elements (k, l) in slots 0 and 10 where
, 2, 5, 4,..., 1,62,63,...,66
2
symb
RB
sc
⎥ ⎥⎦
⎢ ⎢⎣
are reserved and not used for transmission of the secondary synchronization signal.
For frame structure type 2, the secondary synchronization signal is transmitted in the last OFDM symbol of subframe 0.
6.12 OFDM baseband signal generation
The OFDM symbols in a slot shall be transmitted in increasing order of l . The time-continuous signal s ( p ) (t)
on
l
antenna port p in OFDM symbol l in a downlink slot is defined by
( ) ( )
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ⎤ ( )
Σ Σ
=
Δ −
−
=−
/ 2
1
( ) 2
,
1
/ 2
( ) 2
,
( )
RB
sc
DL
RB
CP, s
( )
RB
sc
DL
RB
CP, s
( )
N N
k
p j k f t N T
k l
k N N
p j k f t N T
k l
p
l
for 0 ≤ t < ( NCP,l + N ) ×Ts where ⎣ DL
RB
2⎦ RB
sc
k (+) = k + N N − . The variable N equals
sc
DL
RB
2048 for Δf =15 kHz subcarrier spacing and 4096 for Δf = 7.5 kHz subcarrier spacing.
Table 6.12-1 lists the value of NCP,l that shall be used for the two frame structures. Note that different OFDM symbols
within a slot in some cases have different cyclic prefix lengths.

Release 8 46 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Table 6.12-1: OFDM parameters.
Cyclic prefix length NCP,l Configuration
Normal cyclic prefix Δf = 15 kHz 160 for l = 0
144 for l = 1,2,...,6 256 for l 0,1,...,8 =
Δf = 15 kHz 512 for l = 0,1,...,5 544 for l = 0,1,...,7
3GPP
Extended cyclic prefix
Δf = 7.5 kHz 1024 for l = 0,1,2 1088 for l = 0,1,...,3
6.13 Modulation and upconversion
Modulation and upconversion to the carrier frequency of the complex-valued OFDM baseband signal for each antenna
port is shown in Figure 6.13-1. The filtering required prior to transmission is defined by the requirements in [6].
Re{s( p) (t)}
l
Im{s( p) (t)}
l
cos (2πf0t)
− sin (2πf0t)
s( p) (t)
l
Figure 6.13-1: Downlink modulation.
7 Modulation mapper
The modulation mapper takes binary digits, 0 or 1, as input and produces complex-valued modulation symbols, x=I+jQ,
as output.
7.1 BPSK
In case of BPSK modulation, a single bit0, b(i) , is mapped to a complex-valued modulation symbol x=I+jQ according
to Table 7.1-1.
Table 7.1-1: BPSK modulation mapping
b(i) I Q
0 1 2 1 2
1 −1 2 −1 2
7.2 QPSK
In case of QPSK modulation, pairs of bits, b(i),b(i +1) , are mapped to complex-valued modulation symbols x=I+jQ
according to Table 7.2-1.

Release 8 47 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Table 7.2-1: QPSK modulation mapping
b(i),b(i +1) I Q
00 1 2 1 2
01 1 2 −1 2
10 −1 2 1 2
11 −1 2 −1 2
7.3 16QAM
In case of 16QAM modulation, quadruplets of bits, b(i),b(i +1),b(i + 2),b(i + 3) , are mapped to complex-valued
modulation symbols x=I+jQ according to Table 7.3-1.
Table 7.3-1: 16QAM modulation mapping
b(i),b(i +1),b(i + 2),b(i + 3) I Q
0000 1 10 1 10
0001 1 10 3 10
0010 3 10 1 10
0011 3 10 3 10
0100 1 10 −1 10
0101 1 10 − 3 10
0110 3 10 −1 10
0111 3 10 − 3 10
1000 −1 10 1 10
1001 −1 10 3 10
1010 − 3 10 1 10
1011 − 3 10 3 10
1100 −1 10 −1 10
1101 −1 10 − 3 10
1110 − 3 10 −1 10
1111 − 3 10 − 3 10
7.4 64QAM
In case of 64QAM modulation, hextuplets of bits, b(i),b(i +1),b(i + 2),b(i + 3),b(i + 4),b(i + 5) , are mapped to complex-valued
modulation symbols x=I+jQ according to Table 7.4-1.
3GPP

Release 8 48 3GPP TS 36.211 V2.0.0 (2007-09)
Table 7.4-1: 64QAM modulation mapping
b(i), b(i + 1), b(i + 2), b(i + 3), b(i + 4), b(i + 5) I Q b(i), b(i + 1), b(i + 2), b(i + 3), b(i + 4), b(i + 5) I Q
000000 3 42 3 42 100000 − 3 42 3 42
000001 3 42 1 42 100001 − 3 42 1 42
000010 1 42 3 42 100010 −1 42 3 42
000011 1 42 1 42 100011 −1 42 1 42
000100 3 42 5 42 100100 − 3 42 5 42
000101 3 42 7 42 100101 − 3 42 7 42
000110 1 42 5 42 100110 −1 42 5 42
000111 1 42 7 42 100111 −1 42 7 42
001000 5 42 3 42 101000 − 5 42 3 42
001001 5 42 1 42 101001 − 5 42 1 42
001010 7 42 3 42 101010 − 7 42 3 42
001011 7 42 1 42 101011 − 7 42 1 42
001100 5 42 5 42 101100 − 5 42 5 42
001101 5 42 7 42 101101 − 5 42 7 42
001110 7 42 5 42 101110 − 7 42 5 42
001111 7 42 7 42 101111 − 7 42 7 42
010000 3 42 − 3 42 110000 − 3 42 − 3 42
010001 3 42 −1 42 110001 − 3 42 −1 42
010010 1 42 − 3 42 110010 −1 42 − 3 42
010011 1 42 −1 42 110011 −1 42 −1 42
010100 3 42 − 5 42 110100 − 3 42 − 5 42
010101 3 42 − 7 42 110101 − 3 42 − 7 42
010110 1 42 − 5 42 110110 −1 42 − 5 42
010111 1 42 − 7 42 110111 −1 42 − 7 42
011000 5 42 − 3 42 111000 − 5 42 − 3 42
011001 5 42 −1 42 111001 − 5 42 −1 42
011010 7 42 − 3 42 111010 − 7 42 − 3 42
011011 7 42 −1 42 111011 − 7 42 −1 42
011100 5 42 − 5 42 111100 − 5 42 − 5 42
011101 5 42 − 7 42 111101 − 5 42 − 7 42
011110 7 42 − 5 42 111110 − 7 42 − 5 42
011111 7 42 − 7 42 111111 − 7 42 − 7 42
3GPP

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