Pdf Covers-- Concept of OOPS, Introduction to Java, Java Features, History of Java, Naming of Java, Java version release, Structure of Java Program, Creating a Simple Java Program, Java Virtual Machine
Pdf Covers-- Concept of OOPS, Introduction to Java, Java Features, History of Java, Naming of Java, Java version release, Structure of Java Program, Creating a Simple Java Program, Java Virtual Machine
On this Presentation, we will learn about the basics of OOPs. Object-Oriented Programming is a paradigm that provides many concepts, such as inheritance, data binding, polymorphism, etc.
Simula is considered the first object-oriented programming language. The programming paradigm where everything is represented as an object is known as a truly object-oriented programming language.
Smalltalk is considered the first truly object-oriented programming language.
Step by step description of how to implement a class and how Objects use in a class. You
can use these Concepts in Java, .Net and Php for software or website development.
Top 20 c# interview Question and answersw3asp dotnet
This presentation contains interview question and answers . www.w3asp.net provide you the information, knowledge, job, practices and tranings regarding asp.net.
In this you learn about
--Constructors in Java
--Types of Constructors
1. Default Constructor
2. Parameterized Constructor
Difference between Constructor and Method
On this Presentation, we will learn about the basics of OOPs. Object-Oriented Programming is a paradigm that provides many concepts, such as inheritance, data binding, polymorphism, etc.
Simula is considered the first object-oriented programming language. The programming paradigm where everything is represented as an object is known as a truly object-oriented programming language.
Smalltalk is considered the first truly object-oriented programming language.
Step by step description of how to implement a class and how Objects use in a class. You
can use these Concepts in Java, .Net and Php for software or website development.
Top 20 c# interview Question and answersw3asp dotnet
This presentation contains interview question and answers . www.w3asp.net provide you the information, knowledge, job, practices and tranings regarding asp.net.
In this you learn about
--Constructors in Java
--Types of Constructors
1. Default Constructor
2. Parameterized Constructor
Difference between Constructor and Method
This is a five minute talk that I give to explain who a Business Analyst is and how they are "The Glue" at the centre of success for all "Business Meets Technology" projects.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
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This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
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In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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2. OOP Concepts :
Illustration Sending Flowers to a Friend
Suppose I wish to send flowers to a friend, Sally, who
lives in a city many miles away.
◦What should I do?
3. Agents and Communities
Solution: Find an appropriate agent, namely Flora, and
pass to her a message containing my request
It is the responsibility of Flora to satisfy my request
There is some method–some algorithm or some set of
operations –used to satisfy my request
This information, i.e., details, is usually hidden from my
inspection.
5. An observation
An object-oriented program is structured as a
community of interacting agents, called objects.
Each object has a role to play.
Each object provides a service, or performs an action, that
is used by other members of the community.
6. Messages and Methods
Action is initiated in OOP by the transmission of a
message to an agent (an object) responsible for the
action.
The message encodes the request for an action and is
accompanied by any additional information (arguments)
needed to carry out the request.
The receivers the object to whom the message is sent. If
the receiver accepts the message, it accepts the
responsibility to carry out the indicated action.
In response to a message, the receiver will perform some
method to satisfy the request.
7. Classes and Instances
We can use the term Florist to represent the category (or
class) of all florists.
I am able to make certain assumptions because I have
information about florists in general, and I expect that
Flora, being an instance of this category, will fit the general
pattern.
All objects are instances of a class
The method invoked by an object in response to a
message is determined by the class of the receiver
All objects of a given class use the same method in
response to similar messages.
8.
9.
10. The principle that knowledge of a more general category
is also applicable to a more specific category is called
inheritance.
The class Floristwill inherit attributes of the class (or
category) Shopkeeper.
Classes can be organized into a hierarchical inheritance
structure.
A child class(or subclass) will inherit attributes from a
parent class higher in the hierarchy. An abstract parent
class is a class for which there are no direct instances; it is
used only to create subclasses.
11. That Liz and my florist Flora will respond to my message
by different methods is an example of one form of
Polymorphism.
◦That I do not, need not, know exactly what method
Flora will use to honor my message is an example of
information hiding.
12. Java: Good and Bad
Good:
Platform independent execution
Platform independent binary data (files etc)
Robust
Does not allow operator overloading. Some people regard this as a
limitation. Others think operator overloading is not a good idea anyway!
Comes with a huge class library which allow:
File input / output
Graphics
Event trapping / handling
3D modelling
Bad:
Syntax is adopted from C. This means that some control structures are
primitive and unstructured
Graphics library still provides problems across different platforms
13. OO Characteristics
1. Everything is an object.
2. A program is a bunch of objects telling each other what
to do by sending messages.
3. Each object has its own memory made up of other
objects.
4. Every object has a type.
5. All objects of a particular type can receive the same
messages
14. Everything is an object.
Think of an object as a fancy variable; it stores data, but
you can “make requests” to that object, asking it to
perform operations on itself. In theory, you can take any
conceptual component in the problem you’re trying to
solve (dogs, buildings, services, etc.) and represent it as
an object in your program.
15. A program is a bunch of objects telling each other
what to do by sending messages.
To make a request of an object, you “send a message” to
that object. More concretely, you can think of a message as
a request to call a method that belongs to a particular
object.
Each object has its own memory made up of other
objects.
Put another way, you create a new kind of object by making
a package containing existing objects. Thus, you can build
complexity into a program while hiding it behind the
simplicity of objects.
16. Every object has a type.
Using the parlance, each object is an instance of a class, in which
“class” is synonymous with “type.” The most important
distinguishing characteristic of a class is: “What messages can
you send to it?”
All objects of a particular type can receive the same
messages.
This is actually a loaded statement, as you will see later. Because
an object of type “circle” is also an object of type “shape,” a circle
is guaranteed to accept shape messages. This means you can
write code that talks to shapes and automatically handle
anything that fits the description of a shape. This
substitutability is one of the powerful concepts in OOP.
17. To be OO or not to be OO?
There are two basic paradigms for designing algorithms:
Non Object Oriented:
Focus is on the steps required to perform the task.
The design of the steps lead to the types of data structures
that will be required.
Object Oriented:
Focus is on the entities required. i.e. what are the things
that need to be represented in the algorithm and:
what functionality will each thing require.
how these things will communicate with each other.
◦Each entity will be represented as an object.
20. Creating, Compiling, and Running a Java
Program
The Java code on the previous slide is entered into a text file
using a text editor
The name of the .java file MUST be EXACTLY the same as the
name of the class (ie. Welcome1.java)
The .java file is then compiled into byte code:
The command would be: javac Welcome1.java
If the program contained errors then error messages are
displayed
Otherwise the byte code is produced
The byte code is stored in a file called Welcome1.class
The program can then be executed using the command:
java Welcome1
21. The main() Method
A Java program starts by executing the main() method
The main() method provides the starting point for the
program
Within the main() method:
Other methods will be invoked
Objects will be created and
Methods within those objects invoked
Simple
24. Constructors
Classes have a special method called a constructor that is
called when a class instance is created.
◦The class constructor always has the same name as the
class and no return type.
◦If you do not write your own constructor, the compiler
adds an empty constructor, which calls the no-arguments
constructor of its parent class.
◦The empty constructor is called the default constructor.
◦The default constructor initializes all non-initialized
fields and variables to zero.
25. Introduction to Methods
A method consists of
A header
A body
The header consists of
The type of the method
The name of the method
The parameters to the method
The body consists of a sequence of Java statements
encapsulated by { and }
26. Methods
A method can be called only for an object, and that
object must be able to perform that method call.
Call a method:
objectName.methodName(arg1, arg2, arg3);
The act of calling a method is commonly referred to as
sending a message to an object
boolean flag() { return true; }
float naturalLogBase() { return 2.718f; }
void nothing() { return; }
void nothing2() {}
34. Object Oriented Technology
Object-oriented design (OOD)
◦Models real-world objects
◦Models communication among objects
◦Encapsulates attributes and operations (behaviors)
Information hiding
Communication through well-defined interfaces
Object-oriented language
◦Programming in object-oriented languages is called
object-oriented programming (OOP)
◦Java
35. Introduction to Class Diagram A class diagram shows the existence of classes and their
relationships in the logical view of a system
36. Control Structures Two basic types of control structures:
Selection: Given one or more possible choices: choose which
section (if any) of an algorithm to execute.
Iteration: Repeat a section of an algorithm provided required
conditions are met. Also known as looping.
Selection Control:
The If−Then_Else statement. Provides up to two possible
alternatives.
The Case statement. Provides any number of possible
alternatives.
Repetition Control:
while
do…while
for
39. Conditional Operator (? : )
Java’s only ternary operator (takes three operands) ? : and
its three operands form a conditional expression
Entire conditional expression evaluates to the second
operand if the first operand is true
Entire conditional expression evaluates to the third
operand if the first operand is false
41. switch Multiple Selection Statement
When the expression matches a case, the statements in
the case are executed until:
A break statement is encountered or
The end of the switch statement is encountered
The default clause is optional
If the default clause is supplied then it is executed if the
switch expression does not match any of the case
constants