1. Human Geography (part 2)
Demography: the study of populations
Factors that Determine a Nation:
Sovereignty; Government Systems;
Economic Systems
Culture: beliefs and actions that define
a group of people’s way of life

2. Demography: the study of populations
Population Density: the
average number of people
Birth (birth rates)
in a particular unit area
Death (death rates)
(square miles; square
Marriage
kilometers)
Migration (immigration & emigration)
World Human Population
1 billion in 1800;
7 billion in 2011;
10 billion in 2050

3. Zero Population Growth
Birth Rate + Immigration = Death Rate + Emigration
Effects of Population Growth
(-) Negative (+) Positive
Increased famine Increased technology
Increased disease Increased creativity
Depletion of natural resources

4. Urban Populations: on the rise
Rural Populations: on the decline

5. Urban Areas in the US Urban Areas in other
parts of the World

6. Rural Areas in the US Rural Areas in other
parts of the World

7. Culture: beliefs and actions that define a group of people’s way of life
Culture Structure
1. Cultural Hearths - birthplaces of ideas from which they spread
2. Language
3. Religion
4. Cultural Landscapes - what land areas look like based on culture
5. Social Organization - families, social classes, social mobility
6. Women and Minorities - history of discrimination

8. Cultural Hearths
describe centers of innovation and invention from which key culture traits
moved to exert and influence surrounding regions.

9. Language

10. Religion

11. Cultural Landscapes
what land areas look like based on culture

12. Social Organization
families, social classes, social mobility

13. Women and Minorities
history of discrimination and violence

14. Cultural Change
Cultures are changed by both internal and external influence; within a culture, new
discoveries and ideas can bring change...
Fire
Stone
Tools
The
Wheel

15. Cultural Convergence
Occurs when skills, arts, ideas, habits, institutions of one culture come into contact with
another culture...
Music, TV, Movies...
Mexican Food

16. Cultural Diffusion
A process by which a cultural element is transmitted across some distance rom one
group to another; often occurs through the migration of people who took their cultural
traits with them to new locations...
Gullah culture from Africa
Chinese culture
came to US in
1800s with
Chinese
immigration

17. Cultural Divergence
The restriction of a culture from outside cultural influences...