Content words provide meaning and information, usually in the form of nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Function words are grammatical words like prepositions, articles, and conjunctions that are necessary to connect content words but add little meaning themselves. While function words are important for understanding language, content words give the most important information in a text. The document provides examples of content and function words, and explains their different roles in conveying and structuring information.
1. Definition of referents and referring expression.
2. example of referents and referring expression
3. Extension and Intension
4. Some different kinds of referents
4.1 unique and non unique referents
4.2 concrete and abstract
4.3 countable and uncountable
5. Different ways of referring
5.1 Generic and non-generic reference
5.2 Specific and non-specific reference
5.3 Definite and indefinite reference
6. Deixis
7. Example of deixis
8. Anaphora
9. Shifts in ways of referring
10. referential ambiguity
We all use grammar from the time that we can speak in intelligible sentences, because Grammar deals with the abstract system of rules in terms of which a person’s mastery of his native language can be explained. We assume that it all happens naturally and are only confronted with the need to understand and define how English works when we learn another language or attempt to teach English to others. so, let us see about functional grammar.
1. Definition of referents and referring expression.
2. example of referents and referring expression
3. Extension and Intension
4. Some different kinds of referents
4.1 unique and non unique referents
4.2 concrete and abstract
4.3 countable and uncountable
5. Different ways of referring
5.1 Generic and non-generic reference
5.2 Specific and non-specific reference
5.3 Definite and indefinite reference
6. Deixis
7. Example of deixis
8. Anaphora
9. Shifts in ways of referring
10. referential ambiguity
We all use grammar from the time that we can speak in intelligible sentences, because Grammar deals with the abstract system of rules in terms of which a person’s mastery of his native language can be explained. We assume that it all happens naturally and are only confronted with the need to understand and define how English works when we learn another language or attempt to teach English to others. so, let us see about functional grammar.
In these slides describe shortly parts of speech and its kinds.
Through this it too easy for reader and for take more knowledge.
This presentation is written by Jazla Aftab the student of GC University of Department BS Electrical Engineering (1st Semester).
part of speech used to show the function of a word in sentences. there are 8 categories of it. they are noun, verb, adj, adv, conj, intj, prep, and pronoun.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. Content words – give information and meaning
Functional words – necessary words for grammar.
Content words give important information but whereas as
functional words are used to stitch those words together.
Content words are usually noun, verb, adjective and
adverbs.
Noun – person, place or thing.
Verb – action, state
Adjective – describe an object, person, place or thing.
Adverb – tells us how, where or when something
happens
3.
4. Function words are important for understanding, bu they
add little meaning beyond defining the relationship
between two words.
Function words such as auxiliary verbs, preposition,
articles, conjunctions, and pronouns.
Auxiliary verbs - do, be, have
Prepositions - show relationship in time and space
Articles - used to indicate specific or non-specific nouns
Conjunctions - words that connect
Pronouns - refer to other nouns
5.
6.
7. Kids drink milk.Kids drink milk.
The kids drink the milk.
The kids are drinking milk.
The kids are drinking the milk.
The kids have been drinking the milk.
The kids could have been drinking the milk.