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Citizen of The Earth Taiwan (CET) Richie Leu Campaign against high-tech pollution and expansion in Taiwan
The outline of presentation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conflict ! ! !  An important agricultural zone in Taiwan
Semiconductor & optoelectronic industry account for 90% of total sales of the Science Parks  in 2007 8.5 in 10 employees working for the biggest two (Chiu, 2011:23)
I 、 Emergence of public awareness of high-tech pollution (1997~2006) The beginning from HSP(Hsinchu Science Park) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(中國時報記者陳權欣提供)
Suspicious of cancer cluster in Tai-Chi village ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://www.peopo.org/portal.php?op=viewPost&articleId=6586
Groundwater pollution trichloroethylene ( TCE  三氯乙烯)  found in the monitoring well No.19 in the HSP 邱花妹 攝
HSP and environmental impacts
Arsenic (砷)   air pollution associated with CTSP I & II  ( Central  Taiwan  Science Park ) ,[object Object],[object Object],張鎮南、程萬里等, 2007.1.8 http://e-info.org.tw/node/19619
2006.4.7 ,中國時報。 Farms salinated by wastewater from the  CTSP I&II  electrical conductivity in the waste water four times higher than the maximum allowed by the regulation a thousand hectares of farmland affected
II 、 Toward environmental and social justice movement(2006~2010) 攝影:陳寧  http://www.coolloud.org.tw/node/55830
Campaign against the expansion of the Phase III of the CTSP (2005)
2006.6.30 ,環保署 李根政攝 Farmers protested in front  of the EPA
Siaoli river pollution  (2008)  Clear Link between IT production wastewater and  ecological catastrophe AUO Siaoli River Fongshan River CPT Water taken by water company for Hsinpu township The two manufactures have discharged around 40,000 tons of wastewater every day directly into the Siaoli River since 1999. AU Optronics (AUO)  Chuanghwa Picture Tubes Map of Siaoli River
Story and Controversies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],BUT...
The protest of  expansion of the Phase IV of the CTSP  (2009) CTSP-IV  Wastewater discharge channels CTSP-IV site Juoshuei River Old Juoshuei River
Farmers expelled from their land 陳錦桐  http://e-info.org.tw/node/57738 記者宋碧龍╱攝影
Key Word!
The winning of environmental law suit against the CTSP-III (2010) 2010.10.15  中科三期環評  農民再提公民訴訟   2010/10/17  苦勞報導  http://www.coolloud.org.tw/node/55088
The EPA never gives up...  distorting the EIA and the law . While no EIA conclusions can be abided by, companies do not have to stop construction or operation? Government: what counts most is to keep government policies consistent and coherent and to prevent investors from suffering unnecessary losses.
The achievement of campaigns ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Analysis of Chemical Use in TFT-LCD manufacturing process.  (liter/month) Source: Taiwan EPA, Probe Project on Analysis and regulating Standards on the Quality of Wastewater of High-tech Industry. Taipei, Taiwan, EPA. -N%:  the rate for  self-recycling.  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Prospects ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
~ Thank everybody ~

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2 呂翊齊 campaign against high tech pollution - cet

  • 1. Citizen of The Earth Taiwan (CET) Richie Leu Campaign against high-tech pollution and expansion in Taiwan
  • 2.
  • 3. Conflict ! ! ! An important agricultural zone in Taiwan
  • 4. Semiconductor & optoelectronic industry account for 90% of total sales of the Science Parks in 2007 8.5 in 10 employees working for the biggest two (Chiu, 2011:23)
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Groundwater pollution trichloroethylene ( TCE 三氯乙烯) found in the monitoring well No.19 in the HSP 邱花妹 攝
  • 9.
  • 10. 2006.4.7 ,中國時報。 Farms salinated by wastewater from the CTSP I&II electrical conductivity in the waste water four times higher than the maximum allowed by the regulation a thousand hectares of farmland affected
  • 11. II 、 Toward environmental and social justice movement(2006~2010) 攝影:陳寧 http://www.coolloud.org.tw/node/55830
  • 12. Campaign against the expansion of the Phase III of the CTSP (2005)
  • 13. 2006.6.30 ,環保署 李根政攝 Farmers protested in front of the EPA
  • 14. Siaoli river pollution (2008) Clear Link between IT production wastewater and ecological catastrophe AUO Siaoli River Fongshan River CPT Water taken by water company for Hsinpu township The two manufactures have discharged around 40,000 tons of wastewater every day directly into the Siaoli River since 1999. AU Optronics (AUO) Chuanghwa Picture Tubes Map of Siaoli River
  • 15.
  • 16. The protest of expansion of the Phase IV of the CTSP (2009) CTSP-IV Wastewater discharge channels CTSP-IV site Juoshuei River Old Juoshuei River
  • 17. Farmers expelled from their land 陳錦桐 http://e-info.org.tw/node/57738 記者宋碧龍╱攝影
  • 19. The winning of environmental law suit against the CTSP-III (2010) 2010.10.15 中科三期環評 農民再提公民訴訟 2010/10/17 苦勞報導 http://www.coolloud.org.tw/node/55088
  • 20. The EPA never gives up... distorting the EIA and the law . While no EIA conclusions can be abided by, companies do not have to stop construction or operation? Government: what counts most is to keep government policies consistent and coherent and to prevent investors from suffering unnecessary losses.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.

Editor's Notes

  1. 從 1980 年代開始,臺灣政府開始將高科技產業,也就是電子產業,作為國家策略性的發展重點。其中特別以科學園區的發展方式,提供了租稅減免、土地優惠、行政流程縮減等誘因,將電子業高度集中。從竹科開始, 30 多年來,發展的軌跡從新竹、台南,一路到台中,目前三大科學區在 4 千多公頃的園區土地上,總計進駐了 7 百多家的企業,有將近 20 萬人在裡面工作,形成特有的園區聚落。如此大規模的擴張,加上化學物質高度密集、高耗水、高耗水的特性,使得環境衝突不斷,同時也使科學園區成為掠奪水資源、能源和土地的大戶之一,在台灣這塊僅擁有有限資源的島上,埋下了社會與環境衝突的導火線 像是這幾年成為臺灣火線區的中科三期與四期的開發案,其中都座落在重要的農業區,而用蠻橫的手法、瑕疵的程序進行開發,被形容是『圈地遊戲』,引起地方農民的強烈抗爭。有趣的是,這兩個開發案主要的需求者,都是光電大廠 - 友達,資本與國家力量的合謀,也是社會關注的焦點。
  2. 在所有的電子業當中,特別又以半導體業和光電業為主。在 2007 年時,科學園區將近有 9 成的產值集中在這兩大產業上。平捐每 10 個雇員中,就有 8.5 個在這兩大產業中工作。同時,它們也是被公認耗水、耗能的大宗
  3. 照著念
  4. 照著念
  5. 如同美國矽谷和日本的案例,在發現竹科第 19 號監測井當中,也發現致癌物三氯乙烯超過美國標準值的二十倍
  6. 這是當時作的竹科周遭污染地圖,每一個色點都代表著事件的發生。總計在短短幾年內,廢水排放爭議、臭味瀰漫、地下水污染、廢棄物處理、罹癌群聚等等,全在竹科周圍發生了。這逼迫著政府用事後彌補的方式更新處理設備、弭平民怨,也開始讓全國的民眾認知到:『其實高科技並不等於無污染』。科學園區光鮮亮麗的外表開始一層層剝落
  7. 照著念
  8. 台中縣、市環保局在中科汙水廠放流口採水檢驗,發現水中導電度高於灌溉水標準的四倍,將造成引用筏子溪灌溉水的台中縣市九百七十八公頃農田「鹽化」。長期累積可能稻穀成長遲緩或無法結穗。 而中科的反應是:『工業污染怎麼可能可以拿去灌溉呢?』事實上, 就是拿來灌溉! 這也凸顯了在快速擴張科學園區的情形下,缺乏適當的區位評估而導致工業與農業的衝突,成為了下一階段農民大規模抗爭的伏筆
  9. 2005 年,中科三期開發案選在后里,台中最重要的糧食生產區。除了緊鄰農業區,讓農民對於開發後所帶來的空污或水污感到憂心之外,最大的爭議在於環評時未做健康風險評估便迅速通過,還引發當時行政院長關說環評委員,希望讓案子趕快通過的風暴。這樣的程序瑕疵這讓農民決定提出訴訟,要求重作環評。農與工的對立 , 就此引爆!
  10. 這是當時農民抗爭的照片。
  11. 2008 年,霄裡溪污染開始浮上檯面。霄裡溪位於新竹縣新埔鎮,為上千公頃良質稻米的灌溉水源,同時下游也是鎮上 3 萬多人自來水的來源,地方居民稱為『母河』。污染的發生起源在 1999 年 , 兩家光電大廠在霄裡溪的上游蓋了工廠,將廢水排入源頭,當時新埔居民沒有人知道。後來居民慢慢感覺水質在變化,跟竹科周遭很像,包括發癢、臭味、死魚等等,才意識到可能是兩家的工廠的問題
  12. 照著念 這件案子的重要性在於一些電子業特有的 Toxic, 像是重金屬銦、鎵、鉬以及全氟化合物( PFCs )被發現,而與灌溉、居民飲用水直接衝突,但卻是符合法規標準?這也促使我們開始真正挑戰『所謂合法排放』的問題、挑戰電子業特有的環境風險問題,並促成後來許多法規的產生
  13. 2009 年,又是因為友達的擴廠需求,中科將觸手伸向了中臺灣 - 彰化,這裡幾乎是臺灣最重要的糧食作物生產區,而選址竟然就位於其正中央。這次引起的農民抗爭更為劇烈,因為『水』是農業的根本,但彰化本來即是缺水區,加上彰化沿海是最重要的牡蠣養殖區,所以不只是水源問題引爆了衝突,最後連廢水都無處可去,使政府只能花費更高的成本將廢水排放到外海。這一切都表示:當初的選址,完全只有錯誤可言!
  14. 同時,也引起了徵收的問題,配合其他地方陸陸續續爆發的徵收抗爭事件,其矛頭幾乎都跟科學園區脫離不了關係,從一開始的選址、水資源、廢水排放、毒物釋放到強制徵收,嚴重了挑戰科學園區開發的正當性。土地正義,也是當時開始流行的抗爭訴求!!
  15. 雖然最後中科四期還是蓋了,但 2010 年又掀起另一波高潮 – 5 年來,后里農民對中科三期的訴訟默默的進行,終於在 2010 宣判定讞 - 『 中科三期有嚴重程序瑕疵,因此環評無效 』。判決理由維持農民堅持的見解,即中科不應該在健康風險評估未做前,便逕行通過開發。此為環評訴訟勝利的第一起案例
  16. 而這件事後來又因為環保署曲解法律判決,認為廠商的利益需要保護,同意廠商可以一邊重新環評,一邊繼續施工,引起法界和律師的重大批判!最後在非常快速的時間下通過新環評,目前農民和律師針對新環評持續訴訟中。自此,歷經十多年對於高科技產業污染和擴張的批判告一段落
  17. 照著念
  18. 整體而言 , 臺灣科學園區的問題從早年的環境污染事件轉變為近年來對於國土規劃(區位、水與土地)的爭辯 在這當中受害的往往是弱勢的農民 , 但正因為如此 , 土地正義的呼喚反而將反抗的力量推上了最高峰 不過 , 對於高科技產業的關鍵問題 -Toxic, 我們所知仍極為有限
  19. 照著念
  20. 落實化學品的源頭管理 任何化學物質在製造或使用之前,必須經過完整的風險評估才可出現在市場上。若有傷害人體或環境的疑慮,需進行淘汰和尋找替代物質的使用 Reach & 毒管法修法 化學品資訊的揭露 商業機密需有明確的定義和範圍 遇上重大危害時 , 必須無條件公開資訊 持續強化末端污染排放的管制 針對高科技產業的化學品來源下手,透過本土排放資訊的研究和調查,才可掌握污染的特殊性進行管制。