transplat

1. Face Transplants
And
Computerized Surgical
Planning
Luisa Arias
BME 281: Section 2

2. Face Transplant History
 Patients with disfigured faces
 Burns
 Accidents
 Disease
 Birth defects
 Before face transplants:
 Multiple surgeries to transfer skin to face
 Patients face could be replanted

3. Face Transplants
 There are two types:
 Partial Face Transplant:
 First successful one France 2005
 Only use part of donor's face for patient
 Full Face Transplant
 First successful one Spain 2010
 Donor's entire face is transplanted onto patient

4. Richard Norris

5. Computerized Surgical Planning
 Modern way to plan surgeries
 High resolution cross-sectional images
 3D images can be analyzed on computers
 Allows surgeons to perform surgery before actual
surgery
 Procedure with fewer risks
 More time efficient
 See how donor’s face fits on patient
 See what has to be modified on cranium
 3D models used in surgery room

6. CSP: How It Works
 Doctors get a model of patient (CT, MRI, X-Rays, etc.)
 Transfer result to computer for 3D model
 Includes landmark features to be able to align
 Analyze model for usable data
 Bones, tissues, blood vessels
 Surgery planned and stimulated using 3D model
 Model used in operating room as guide

7. Limitations
 Ethical debate on how to deal with donors
 In 2011 face transplant cost $353,480
 Not always covered by insurance
 Surgery lasts 8-36 hours followed by 10-14 hospital stay
 Infections can require second transplant or reconstruction
with skin graft
 Patient’s immune system compromised
 Immunosuppressive drugs for lifetime
 $14,000-$20,000 a year

8. Future
 Continue to improve Computer systems
 Reduce risk of infection
 Find a way to avoid compromising immune system
 Figure out how to solve ethical issue

9. References
 Alves, Patrícia V. et al. "Three-Dimensional Computerized Orthognathic
Surgical Treatment Planning." Clinics in Plastic Surgery 34.3 (2007): 427-36.
Web
 "Computer Assisted Surgery." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web.
 "Face Transplant." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 31 Aug. 2014. Web.
 McKenzie, Hamish. "How to Do a Face Transplant." PandoDaily How to Do
a Face Transplant Comments. Pandodaily, 1 Apr. 2013. Web.
 Metz, Lionel N., and Shane Burch. "Computer-Assisted Surgical Planning
and Image-Guided Surgical Navigation in Refractory Adult Scoliosis
Surgery." Spine 33.9 (2008): E287-292. Web.
 Park, Madison. "The Price Tag for the First Face Transplant in the U.S.
Is..." The Chart RSS. CNN, 27 Jan. 2011. Web.
 Soga, S., et al. "CT Angiography for Surgical Planning in Face
Transplantation Candidates." American Journal of Neuroradiology 34.10
(2013): 1873-881. Web