The private sector consists of for-profit businesses owned by individuals or groups, such as private companies, sole traders, and partnerships. The public sector is controlled by the government and provides non-profit services like the NHS, social services, and state schools. The voluntary sector includes non-profit organizations like Citizens Advice, Oxfam, and Big Issue that help communities through funding from grants, donations, or lottery funds rather than a profit motive.
In a day long workshop at Bromley-by-Bow Centre Simon Duffy worked with a range of community activists to explore whether a pro-community welfare state was possible - and if so under what conditions. Lively discussions and important ideas emerged - although we may have to do a little more work before declaring success. Thanks to Power to Change for supporting this event.
Private public voluntary sectors powerpointEllen McQuade
The document discusses the private, public, and voluntary sectors. The private sector includes businesses that are privately owned by individuals or boards and aim to generate profit for shareholders. The public sector includes organizations controlled by the government like social services, leisure centers, and the NHS, which aim to serve the public rather than generate profit. The voluntary sector includes organizations that receive grants or funding to provide non-profit services to communities, such as the Prince's Trust charity.
Local enterprise partnerships and the involvement of the social purpose secto...SWF
Local Enterprise Partnerships (LEPs) were established to provide strategic leadership on local economic development issues like planning, transport, employment and transitioning to a low-carbon economy. While the social purpose sector can make significant contributions, a survey found most organizations were not involved with LEPs and few LEP boards included voluntary sector representatives. Barriers to engagement included a private sector emphasis and lack of understanding of how the social sector could aid economic development. Moving forward, LEPs need effective communication, wider accountability beyond boards, and support for sustainable growth, resilient communities and triple bottom line impacts.
These are some of the key findings and recommendations from the Kirklees Democracy Commission's landmark report, "Growing a stronger local democracy, from the ground up". This presentation was shared by Cllr Cathy Scott on Friday 30th June 2017 at a special event at the University of Huddersfield to celebrate the publication of our report.
The document discusses the UK government's vision for transforming adult social care by moving further towards personalization. It outlines key aspects of this vision, including: [1] Greater citizen responsibility and involvement in social care through the "Big Society" initiative; [2] Expanding personal budgets so that more eligible individuals can arrange and manage their own care; [3] Increased partnership between individuals, communities, and public/private organizations to provide social care based on principles like prevention, personalization, and productivity.
An Evironmental Scan of Interprofessional Collaborative Practice and EducationEvan C. Marlatt
This document summarizes an environmental scan of interprofessional collaborative practice and education conducted by Evan C. Marlatt. It begins by thanking the committee members and providing background on interprofessional education and collaborative practice. The research question aims to understand how healthcare programs are aligned with the WHO framework. Surveys were conducted to assess interprofessional education and practice at an academic health sciences campus. The results provide insight into educator mechanisms, curricula, institutional support, working culture, and environmental factors related to interprofessional collaboration. Challenges and implications for further ensuring interprofessional efforts are operationalized are discussed.
The private sector consists of for-profit businesses owned by individuals or groups, such as private companies, sole traders, and partnerships. The public sector is controlled by the government and provides non-profit services like the NHS, social services, and state schools. The voluntary sector includes non-profit organizations like Citizens Advice, Oxfam, and Big Issue that help communities through funding from grants, donations, or lottery funds rather than a profit motive.
In a day long workshop at Bromley-by-Bow Centre Simon Duffy worked with a range of community activists to explore whether a pro-community welfare state was possible - and if so under what conditions. Lively discussions and important ideas emerged - although we may have to do a little more work before declaring success. Thanks to Power to Change for supporting this event.
Private public voluntary sectors powerpointEllen McQuade
The document discusses the private, public, and voluntary sectors. The private sector includes businesses that are privately owned by individuals or boards and aim to generate profit for shareholders. The public sector includes organizations controlled by the government like social services, leisure centers, and the NHS, which aim to serve the public rather than generate profit. The voluntary sector includes organizations that receive grants or funding to provide non-profit services to communities, such as the Prince's Trust charity.
Local enterprise partnerships and the involvement of the social purpose secto...SWF
Local Enterprise Partnerships (LEPs) were established to provide strategic leadership on local economic development issues like planning, transport, employment and transitioning to a low-carbon economy. While the social purpose sector can make significant contributions, a survey found most organizations were not involved with LEPs and few LEP boards included voluntary sector representatives. Barriers to engagement included a private sector emphasis and lack of understanding of how the social sector could aid economic development. Moving forward, LEPs need effective communication, wider accountability beyond boards, and support for sustainable growth, resilient communities and triple bottom line impacts.
These are some of the key findings and recommendations from the Kirklees Democracy Commission's landmark report, "Growing a stronger local democracy, from the ground up". This presentation was shared by Cllr Cathy Scott on Friday 30th June 2017 at a special event at the University of Huddersfield to celebrate the publication of our report.
The document discusses the UK government's vision for transforming adult social care by moving further towards personalization. It outlines key aspects of this vision, including: [1] Greater citizen responsibility and involvement in social care through the "Big Society" initiative; [2] Expanding personal budgets so that more eligible individuals can arrange and manage their own care; [3] Increased partnership between individuals, communities, and public/private organizations to provide social care based on principles like prevention, personalization, and productivity.
An Evironmental Scan of Interprofessional Collaborative Practice and EducationEvan C. Marlatt
This document summarizes an environmental scan of interprofessional collaborative practice and education conducted by Evan C. Marlatt. It begins by thanking the committee members and providing background on interprofessional education and collaborative practice. The research question aims to understand how healthcare programs are aligned with the WHO framework. Surveys were conducted to assess interprofessional education and practice at an academic health sciences campus. The results provide insight into educator mechanisms, curricula, institutional support, working culture, and environmental factors related to interprofessional collaboration. Challenges and implications for further ensuring interprofessional efforts are operationalized are discussed.
Self-directed support (NDIS or My Way) has the potential to revolutionise support to people with disabilities. But service providers must also adapt, learn and innovate. These slides were shared at an event for over 90 service providers in Perth, WA - with the support of WADSC and NDS.
Dr Simon Duffy gave this talk in June 2017 to the staff of Community Links and on behalf of DD Network. Simon explores the historical and philosophical background to recent innovations in self-directed support and citizenship. He argues that we should not be looking for a perfect model, but instead should work together to build on best-practice and challenge injustice. Simon also explained why Citizen Network had been formed to advance citizenship for all.
This document summarizes a presentation by Dr. Simon Duffy on maintaining a vision-driven system for supporting people with intellectual disabilities in western democratic countries. Duffy discusses several challenges, including resistance to change, funding still being locked into segregated services, and austerity cuts targeting disabled people. He argues that new strategies need to be more philosophical, personal, political, and peer-focused. Duffy also notes that the best social innovations develop through engagement with real problems and values, are inspired by powerful values of citizenship, and are shared through peer networks.
Joe Powell of All Wales People First and Bob Rhodes of Livesthroughfriends talk about Joe's experience of moving from a world dominated to services into a life of citizenship. they explore some of the strategies necessary to make this kind of world happen for everyone.
This is the full set of slides given to people, families, services and state officials in South Australia. It includes the hopes and fears of people with disabilities about the forthcoming implementation of NDIS.
Dr. Simon Duffy gave a talk about exploring consumer directed care and lessons from the UK experience with self-directed support. He has 25 years of experience developing systems of self-directed support and challenging injustice. Some key points from his talk include that the benefits of self-directed support come from empowering citizens and communities, not from markets or complex plans. Governments and bureaucracies do not innovate, citizens and community leaders innovate. Real expertise comes from those with lived experience, not outside consultants. Self-directed support requires empowering individuals, not relying on middle management. Its goal should be to make citizenship real by promoting freedom, community, and dignity.
(166) launch of the centre (westminster, march 2011)Citizen Network
The document summarizes the launch of the Centre for Welfare Reform on March 24th, 2011. It introduces several fellows of the Center who are committed to implementing practical welfare reform innovations. Their goals are to establish a community dedicated to equality and diversity, conduct research on welfare reform, and share their findings without competition. The Center aims to enact change through thoughtful discussion and grassroots action rather than confrontation.
(166) launch of the centre (westminster, march 2011)Citizen Network
Slides from the Centre for Welfare Reform Westminster Launch on 24th March 2011- presentations from Simon Duffy, Pippa Murray, Clare Hyde, Craig Dearden-Phillips and Vidhya Alakeson
Self-Directed Support - international best practiceCitizen Network
Dr Simon Duffy gave this talk on behalf of Inclusion Ireland and DSA Ireland on the international lessons on self-directed support. The seminar offered a wide range of personal and academic support for progressing self-directed support in Ireland and advocacy groups continue to press Government to open up these options for people and families.
A new model of care for general practice, pop up uni, 10am, 2 september 2015NHS England
Expo is the most significant annual health and social care event in the calendar, uniting more NHS and care leaders, commissioners, clinicians, voluntary sector partners, innovators and media than any other health and care event.
Expo 15 returned to Manchester and was hosted once again by NHS England. Around 5000 people a day from health and care, the voluntary sector, local government, and industry joined together at Manchester Central Convention Centre for two packed days of speakers, workshops, exhibitions and professional development.
This year, Expo was more relevant and engaging than ever before, happening within the first 100 days of the new Government, and almost 12 months after the publication of the NHS Five Year Forward View. It was also a great opportunity to check on and learn from the progress of Greater Manchester as the area prepares to take over a £6 billion devolved health and social care budget, pledging to integrate hospital, community, primary and social care and vastly improve health and well-being.
More information is available online: www.expo.nhs.uk
Talk given to leaders from Lancashire's Third Sector and Local Authority on the meaning of personalisation and the challenges for properly engaging civil society.
Citizenship & Self-Direction - exploring good practice.Citizen Network
Dr Simon Duffy of the Centre for Welfare Reform gave this talk at the Manawanui In Charge International Conference on Self-Direction in Auckland November 2016. He explores some of the lessons learned internationally about how systems of self-directed support and set out the case for increasing international cooperation through membership of Citizen Network.
This talk was given to some of those leading the design of Australia's NDIS and setting out international and English experience of achievements and pitfalls.
LASA Queensland Community Care Conference 'Supporting staff to embrace wellne...Louise Forster
Louise Forster, Manager Innovation and Business Development, CommunityWest
Louise Forster is Manager Innovation and Business Development at CommunityWest Inc. based in Western Australia.
Louise has a grass roots background in community services, growing up in a respite care family for children with disabilities in the UK. She studied Anthropology at the University of London and is near completion of an MBA from the University of Western Australia.
Louise has worked in disability, community services and aged care, in London, Sydney and Perth. For the last ten years Louise has worked in aged care in Perth, focussing on training, workforce development, technology, innovation and governance. She has experience on three not-for-profit boards and is a regular contributor to discussion in the sector (speaking at events, publishing work and an active voice on social media). In her work at CommunityWest, Louise has been central to embedding wellness and reablement in community aged care, as well as more recent involvement in Consumer Directed Care, co-production and co-designing services with consumers.
The care act presented by Sukhdev Dosanjh outer east community committee ja...Leeds City Council
The document provides an overview of the Care Act of 2014 and its implementation in Leeds. It discusses key aspects of the Act including its focus on wellbeing, new duties around care assessments, prevention, integration with health services, and personal budgets. It outlines challenges in implementing the Act by April 2015 given the short timeline and lack of new funding. Community engagement activities are planned to raise awareness of the Act's provisions through existing community networks and by seeking input from people with experience of the care system.
This presentation was given at the joint think tank on welfare reform by The Centre for Welfare Reform and the Health Service Management Centre. It describes the underlying logic of personalisation and the wider impact it may have on the whole welfare state.
Networked Energy: Energy independence for AlderneyCitizen Network
by Chris Cook and Marcus Saul, Island Power
As Research Fellows at the Institute for Strategy, Resilience and Security, at University College, London, Marcus Saul and Chris Cook researched and developed the Pacific Natural Grid resource resilience strategy.
Here they explain how Denmark has led the way in creating sustainable networks of community-based energy production and distribution.
This has been transformative for Denmark, enabling it to become independent from the oil and gas industry’s dominance. But it is also transformative for communities, who are now creating their own energy economies.
Dr Dave Beck gave this talk for Part 5 of the ‘Grassroots Policies for Farming, Food and Wildlife’ webinar series, hosted by Citizen Network.
In his presentation Dr Beck discusses the harms caused by the monopolisation of supermarkets in the food industry. He also explores the positive possibilities of local currencies.
Dr Beck is a Lecturer at the University of Salford, Manchester.
The webinar recording is available to watch on Citizen Network's website at: www.citizen-network.org
Self-directed support (NDIS or My Way) has the potential to revolutionise support to people with disabilities. But service providers must also adapt, learn and innovate. These slides were shared at an event for over 90 service providers in Perth, WA - with the support of WADSC and NDS.
Dr Simon Duffy gave this talk in June 2017 to the staff of Community Links and on behalf of DD Network. Simon explores the historical and philosophical background to recent innovations in self-directed support and citizenship. He argues that we should not be looking for a perfect model, but instead should work together to build on best-practice and challenge injustice. Simon also explained why Citizen Network had been formed to advance citizenship for all.
This document summarizes a presentation by Dr. Simon Duffy on maintaining a vision-driven system for supporting people with intellectual disabilities in western democratic countries. Duffy discusses several challenges, including resistance to change, funding still being locked into segregated services, and austerity cuts targeting disabled people. He argues that new strategies need to be more philosophical, personal, political, and peer-focused. Duffy also notes that the best social innovations develop through engagement with real problems and values, are inspired by powerful values of citizenship, and are shared through peer networks.
Joe Powell of All Wales People First and Bob Rhodes of Livesthroughfriends talk about Joe's experience of moving from a world dominated to services into a life of citizenship. they explore some of the strategies necessary to make this kind of world happen for everyone.
This is the full set of slides given to people, families, services and state officials in South Australia. It includes the hopes and fears of people with disabilities about the forthcoming implementation of NDIS.
Dr. Simon Duffy gave a talk about exploring consumer directed care and lessons from the UK experience with self-directed support. He has 25 years of experience developing systems of self-directed support and challenging injustice. Some key points from his talk include that the benefits of self-directed support come from empowering citizens and communities, not from markets or complex plans. Governments and bureaucracies do not innovate, citizens and community leaders innovate. Real expertise comes from those with lived experience, not outside consultants. Self-directed support requires empowering individuals, not relying on middle management. Its goal should be to make citizenship real by promoting freedom, community, and dignity.
(166) launch of the centre (westminster, march 2011)Citizen Network
The document summarizes the launch of the Centre for Welfare Reform on March 24th, 2011. It introduces several fellows of the Center who are committed to implementing practical welfare reform innovations. Their goals are to establish a community dedicated to equality and diversity, conduct research on welfare reform, and share their findings without competition. The Center aims to enact change through thoughtful discussion and grassroots action rather than confrontation.
(166) launch of the centre (westminster, march 2011)Citizen Network
Slides from the Centre for Welfare Reform Westminster Launch on 24th March 2011- presentations from Simon Duffy, Pippa Murray, Clare Hyde, Craig Dearden-Phillips and Vidhya Alakeson
Self-Directed Support - international best practiceCitizen Network
Dr Simon Duffy gave this talk on behalf of Inclusion Ireland and DSA Ireland on the international lessons on self-directed support. The seminar offered a wide range of personal and academic support for progressing self-directed support in Ireland and advocacy groups continue to press Government to open up these options for people and families.
A new model of care for general practice, pop up uni, 10am, 2 september 2015NHS England
Expo is the most significant annual health and social care event in the calendar, uniting more NHS and care leaders, commissioners, clinicians, voluntary sector partners, innovators and media than any other health and care event.
Expo 15 returned to Manchester and was hosted once again by NHS England. Around 5000 people a day from health and care, the voluntary sector, local government, and industry joined together at Manchester Central Convention Centre for two packed days of speakers, workshops, exhibitions and professional development.
This year, Expo was more relevant and engaging than ever before, happening within the first 100 days of the new Government, and almost 12 months after the publication of the NHS Five Year Forward View. It was also a great opportunity to check on and learn from the progress of Greater Manchester as the area prepares to take over a £6 billion devolved health and social care budget, pledging to integrate hospital, community, primary and social care and vastly improve health and well-being.
More information is available online: www.expo.nhs.uk
Talk given to leaders from Lancashire's Third Sector and Local Authority on the meaning of personalisation and the challenges for properly engaging civil society.
Citizenship & Self-Direction - exploring good practice.Citizen Network
Dr Simon Duffy of the Centre for Welfare Reform gave this talk at the Manawanui In Charge International Conference on Self-Direction in Auckland November 2016. He explores some of the lessons learned internationally about how systems of self-directed support and set out the case for increasing international cooperation through membership of Citizen Network.
This talk was given to some of those leading the design of Australia's NDIS and setting out international and English experience of achievements and pitfalls.
LASA Queensland Community Care Conference 'Supporting staff to embrace wellne...Louise Forster
Louise Forster, Manager Innovation and Business Development, CommunityWest
Louise Forster is Manager Innovation and Business Development at CommunityWest Inc. based in Western Australia.
Louise has a grass roots background in community services, growing up in a respite care family for children with disabilities in the UK. She studied Anthropology at the University of London and is near completion of an MBA from the University of Western Australia.
Louise has worked in disability, community services and aged care, in London, Sydney and Perth. For the last ten years Louise has worked in aged care in Perth, focussing on training, workforce development, technology, innovation and governance. She has experience on three not-for-profit boards and is a regular contributor to discussion in the sector (speaking at events, publishing work and an active voice on social media). In her work at CommunityWest, Louise has been central to embedding wellness and reablement in community aged care, as well as more recent involvement in Consumer Directed Care, co-production and co-designing services with consumers.
The care act presented by Sukhdev Dosanjh outer east community committee ja...Leeds City Council
The document provides an overview of the Care Act of 2014 and its implementation in Leeds. It discusses key aspects of the Act including its focus on wellbeing, new duties around care assessments, prevention, integration with health services, and personal budgets. It outlines challenges in implementing the Act by April 2015 given the short timeline and lack of new funding. Community engagement activities are planned to raise awareness of the Act's provisions through existing community networks and by seeking input from people with experience of the care system.
This presentation was given at the joint think tank on welfare reform by The Centre for Welfare Reform and the Health Service Management Centre. It describes the underlying logic of personalisation and the wider impact it may have on the whole welfare state.
Networked Energy: Energy independence for AlderneyCitizen Network
by Chris Cook and Marcus Saul, Island Power
As Research Fellows at the Institute for Strategy, Resilience and Security, at University College, London, Marcus Saul and Chris Cook researched and developed the Pacific Natural Grid resource resilience strategy.
Here they explain how Denmark has led the way in creating sustainable networks of community-based energy production and distribution.
This has been transformative for Denmark, enabling it to become independent from the oil and gas industry’s dominance. But it is also transformative for communities, who are now creating their own energy economies.
Dr Dave Beck gave this talk for Part 5 of the ‘Grassroots Policies for Farming, Food and Wildlife’ webinar series, hosted by Citizen Network.
In his presentation Dr Beck discusses the harms caused by the monopolisation of supermarkets in the food industry. He also explores the positive possibilities of local currencies.
Dr Beck is a Lecturer at the University of Salford, Manchester.
The webinar recording is available to watch on Citizen Network's website at: www.citizen-network.org
This document discusses key issues in disability and aged care systems and proposes ways to advance citizenship rights through self-directed support. It advocates for personal budgets and upstream solutions to prevent crises. It also highlights the need for innovation from communities, professionals, and individuals to develop sustainable and inclusive systems that respect people's freedom, support, participation, and citizenship.
Sabrina Espeleta of War on Want outlines the enormous and growing level of world hunger. She explains how a few global corporations control the vast majority of food production and supply and markets exploit the food market, leaving communities, especially in the Global South at great disadvantage. Local peasant farmers are now organising to achieve food sovereignty, seeking to farm in ways in harmony with nature and to meet local needs. The Global North needs to respect the rights and autonomy of these people rather than to continue the pattern of exploitation.
This presentation was given on 6 July in Part 4 of a webinar series on grassroots policies for farming, food and wildlife.
Watch the recording at: https://citizen-network.org
Simon Duffy was asked by the Mayor’s Greater Manchester Charity and UBI Lab Manchester to talk at a recent roundtable event on the relevance of Universal Basic Income (UBI) to the problem of homelessness.
These are the slides from that talk. In summary Duffy argued that UBI is relevant to reducing homelessness in two slightly different ways:
1. UBI would help prevent homelessness - UBI addresses the inequalities in income and housing that create the risk of homelessness.
2. UBI would help people escape homelessness - UBI gives people a vital tool which significantly helps people change their situation in times of crisis.
Find more free resources on basic income at: www.citizen-network.org
A presentation for the One Yorkshire Committee introducing Democratic Yorkshire - a voluntary alliance consisting of a group of organisations and individuals interested in planning a better future for our County through modern democratic means secured in a written constitution.
In this presentation exploring planning law, Laird Ryan talks us through the planning process, explores what we can and can't influence and helps us consider how best to create real, organic and local alliances that make the best use of our energy.
To find out more about the Neighbourhood Democracy Movement please visit: https://neighbourhooddemocracy.org
Citizenship is our Business - The Avivo StoryCitizen Network
Avivo is one of the founding organisations in Citizen Network. they are also pioneers in self-direction and personalised support in Australia. Over the past few years they have been reorganising themselves around the principle that everyone is a citizen - and supporting everyone, including paid staff, to be citizens is their central purpose. Avivo are also leading Citizen Network's Rethinking Organisations programme and networking with other organisations on this journey.
Dr Simon Duffy spoke to Doncaster's Mental Wellbeing Alliance about the importance of thinking about what good help really means. He explored the importance of shifting power, resources and thinking upstream.
Markus Vähälä, CEO of Citizen Network, outlined the development of the cooperative as a framework to support the further development of Citizen Network as part of the 2022 Building Citizen network Together events hosted by Eberswalde University.
At BuildingCitizen Network Together in early 2022 Simon Duffy and James Lock discussed the development of Citizen Network and its current approach to membership and explored with members from all around the world next steps for its development.
These slides are from a talk Dr Simon Duffy of Citizen Network gave to Café Economique in Leeds, making the case for basic income. The argument set out is that UBI is one necessary part of a range of reforms necessary to support citizenship and strengthen community life. This talk preceded a (rather fiery) debate with Anna Coote of NEF who argued against UBI.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Simon Duffy gave this talk for Radical Visions on home, citizenship, institutionalisation and neighbourhood democracy. He explains why institutions are wrong and what we might be do to end the drive towards institutionalisation.
A presentation for the Estia International Confernce in 2021 from Dr Simon Duffy exploring personal budgets, citizenship and community and the challenges for services aiming to work in partnership with people with disabilities in Greece.
An example of good practice in inclusion in employment from Slovenia, shared at the Day Centres Without Walls conference, hosted by JDC in Lithuania. Day Centres Without Walls is an Erasmus+ project funded by the EU.
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montreal
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International TravelersNX Healthcare
Travel Clinic Cardiff offers comprehensive travel health services, including vaccinations, travel advice, and preventive care for international travelers. Our expert team ensures you are well-prepared and protected for your journey, providing personalized consultations tailored to your destination. Conveniently located in Cardiff, we help you travel with confidence and peace of mind. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapyDr. Sumit KUMAR
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)MuskanShingari
Statistics- Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting numerical data to assist in making more effective decisions.
A statistics is a measure which is used to estimate the population parameter
Parameters-It is used to describe the properties of an entire population.
Examples-Measures of central tendency Dispersion, Variance, Standard Deviation (SD), Absolute Error, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Eigen Value
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Discover the benefits of homeopathic medicine for irregular periods with our guide on 5 common remedies. Learn how these natural treatments can help regulate menstrual cycles and improve overall menstrual health.
Visit Us: https://drdeepikashomeopathy.com/service/irregular-periods-treatment/
1. Whole System Change
the meaning of personalisation
Dr Simon Duffy ■ The Centre for Welfare Reform ■
for North Lanarkshire Council ■ 8th November 2011
2. The Centre for Welfare Reform
• voluntary fellowship of over 60
innovators
• belief in human equality, and the value
of diversity
• welfare state is good, it’s just designed
wrong
• independent of political parties,
government and big business
3. Remember - personalisation
• was (largely) developed in Scotland
• is about greater social justice
• changes the whole system
• requires care to implement well
6. 4 key developments
• Direct payments - Hampshire
• Individual budgets - Glasgow
• Self-directed support - North Lanarkshire
• Resource allocation systems - Wigan
• of course, many more innovations...
• and its an international movement...
20. Jonathan’s story
For the 3 years before 150 days in hospital -
responding to problems with breathing.
In the 3 years after leaving hospital he has spent
only 2 nights in hospital - for elective dental
treatments.
Personalised learning - on the job - 2 City & Guilds
Qualifications.
Saving NHS, LA & Education
•Over £100,000 in hospital stays
•Over £300,000 in residential care costs
•Over £100,000 of funding contributed by the LSC
21. Implementation hazards
1.targets, instead of clear entitlements
2.complexity, instead of simple systems
3.new professionals, instead of community
4.undermining, not respecting professionals
learn from England and do different
22. 1. focus on entitlements
• revisit ‘health and social care’
• remove charging - ‘disability super tax’
• create more flexibility
• clarify and strengthen entitlements
early targets drive down quality - areas
will do it if its legal and it works!
24. 2. focus on simple systems
• NOT systems added on top of old
• NOT new more paperwork
• NOT more complex planning
• NOT monitoring the wrong things
normalise - make stuff easy
26. 3. focus on community
1.share information
2.enable peer support
3.work with community organisations
4.use service providers as allies
5.respect professional skills
27.
28. 4. focus on the front-line
• empowerment is compatible with good
practice
• front-line professionals can own and
develop these ideas
• leaders need to remove burdens
• remember words are not enough
30. Remember - personalisation
• is not foreign - you made it
• is based on your values
• is fundamental to a better system
• works - so make use of its power