ctp

1. UNIT-1
CONSTRUCTION
PRACTICES
R.Preethi,
Assistant Professor,
Department of Civil Engineering,
SKCT

2. SYLLABUS
• Specifications, details and sequence of activities
and construction co-ordination – Site Clearance
– Marking – Earthwork - masonry – stone
masonry – Brick masonry - concrete hollow
block masonry – flooring – damp proof courses –
construction joints – Building foundations –
basements – centering and shuttering – de-
shuttering forms– Slip forms – scaffoldings –
Fabrication and erection of steel trusses –
frames – braced domes – weather and water
proof – roof finishes.

3. Basement

4. basements
• A basement or cellar is one or more floors
of a building that are either completely or
partially below the ground floor.
• Difficult in deep grounds
• Amidst watery areas
• Needs soil support, sub soil condition

5. Ordinary basement
• Uses diaphragm walls
• Serves as a retaining structure

6. Lattice beams
• Uses series of lattice beams/steel trusses
• Between the walls
• Can be removed after internal floor
construction

9. Ground anchors
• Used for stabilizing the soil
• Effective for basement
• For larger spans

11. Topdown method- floor slab
• Floor slab and beam used for support
• Along with diaphragm walls
• Slab have opening-labours and materials
• Repeated till the work is completed

13. Basement slab
• Centre area is excavated
• Leaving earth berm around the perimeter
• Raking struts are provided bw the walls
• Final excavation is done

15. In-situ reinforced concrete
• Bottom up arrangement
• Formwork is done

16. Timber formwork

17. Waterproofing the basement
• Essential element
• More likely to leak
• Water stops are provided
• Uses skin walls
• Collected by sump pit

18. formwork
• Any arrangement done to support the fresh
concrete to attain its strength and structure
(shape) is referred as formwork. It may be
horizontal support or vertical support
•

20. shuttering
• Formwork which supports the vertical
surface is known as shuttering

21. centering
• Formwork which supports the horizontal
surface such as beam, slab bottoms is
known as centering

22. staging
• Materials such as wooden ballies, pipes,
props, jacks which support both shuttering
& centering are known as Staging.

23. scaffolding
• A temporary structure for gaining access to
higher levels of the permanent structure
during construction

24. deshuttering
• Forms shall not struck until the concrete
has reached strength at least twice the stress
of which the concrete may be subjected at
the time of removal of form work. Assuming
standard conditions of workmanship and
quality of materials, you can refer to the
following time-frames for the removal of
forms.

25. THANK U
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