Innovative Thin Film Devices for
Photovoltaic Automotive Applications



                      lP. LACHARMOISE

                                CONFIDENTIAL   1
l by Cetemmsa   Smart Technological Center
We are a Technology Centre with international reference, specialized in applied
research in flexible surface treatments in the field of Printed Electronics.

Transfer Technology to companies through the device integration, prototyping and
industrial engineering “Smart Engineering” in order to provide to the companies a
competitive edge in their markets.



    MATERIALS        PRINTING              DEVICES           TEST                INTEGRATION



                                                                    Printed Electronic Value Chain



                          CETEMMSA CAPABILITIES




                                         Technology Focus l Flexible Surfaces Treatments
                                                                                      CONFIDENTIAL   2
l by Cetemmsa   R&D Cetemmsa Processes & Technology Areas


                     PHOTONIC                                        PRINTED
                                                                     SENSORS


                         SURFACE AND MATERIAL
                          DEPOSITION RESEARCH

                                     UPSCALING PROCESSES


                  PRINTED                       SMART ENGINEERING
                 CIRCUITS &
                COMPONENTS
                                                                       HIGH
                                                                  PERFORMANCE
                                                                     TEXTILES
                              SURFACES BIO-
                         FUNCTIONALIZATION



                                              Technology Focus l Flexible Surfaces Treatments
                                                                                   CONFIDENTIAL   3
Ink Formulation / processes
  Formulation using different active materials, solvents, conductivity enhancers, binders
  Related to the deposition method (inkjet, screen printing, slot die, spin or bar coating…)
  Materials, Inks and surfaces characterizations (Profiler, Contact angle, Microscopy,
  Electrical characterizations, UV-NIR, IRRAS…)




Contact angle


                                       UV-VisNIR                      FTIR
                Rapid prototyping
                (3D object printer)




   Microscopy                         Dynamic Mechanical Analysis   I-V electrical characterization


                                                                                                CONFIDENTIAL   4
l by Cetemmsa     R&D / Deposition Facilities




Spin coating
                            Ink-jet printing                        Bar coating




                                       Screen printing    Roll to Roll Slot-die, foulard coating
 PVD: thermal evaporation
                                                          and lamination




                                                                                  CONFIDENTIAL     5
TAFF
TAFF                                                                       l by Cetemmsa




l Techo Automóvil Fotovoltaico Flexible
Investigación en células fotovoltaicas flexibles para aplicaciones en el sector de la automoción,
mediante tecnologías de bajo coste como la impresión ink-jet o la técnica roll-to-roll.


Desarrollo de módulos fotovoltaicos flexibles por técnicas de impresión

Scale up: Implementación del sistema roll-to-roll para producir módulos en continuo

Conexión e integración de los módulos flexibles para la obtención de componentes que presenten
las especificaciones definidas para su uso en automoción.




                                                                                             6
                                                                                       CONFIDENTIAL   6
Solar car roof dimensions                                                  l by Cetemmsa   TAFF




                                                                                 12350 cm2
                                   130 cm
  95 cm
                                                       Rc = 500 cm




 • development of flexible OPV (CETEMMSA)
 • integration of a-Si comercial modules: automotive regulation testing (AIN-CTAG)



                                                                                             7
                                                                                       CONFIDENTIAL   7
Organic photovoltaic (OPV)                                       l by Cetemmsa   TAFF
Thin film photovoltaic technologies consitute the third generation of solar cells:

          flexibility
          low weight
          low energy-consumming fabrication processes
          low cost


OPV is particularly interesting because of:

          solution process: R2R compatibility
          low toxicity (vs. CdTe or CIGS for example)
          potential to be cheaper than any other technology
                                                                Konarka




                                                                             CONFIDENTIAL   8
Inkjet printed solar cells                                                                        l by Cetemmsa   TAFF
                                   inkjet print head            1-16 jets

                             moving direction                                                 < 10 mm
                                                                     3. solvent evaporation
                                                                                                 Top electrode
                                                                            4. dried film
                             1. droplet ejection                                                   Active layer
                                                                                                 Transport layer
                                                2. spreading and
                                                fusion of droplets                            Transparent electrode
                          substrate (heated)                                                           PET

                                                                                                                         V- I


         Parameters                                                                                       Effect
   Temperature of plate                                                                        Phase segregation
   Drop spacing                                                                                Crystallization of P3HT
   Number of jets                              Drying kinetics                                 Roughness
   Solvent composition                                                                         Homogeneity
   Solubility                                                                                  Thickness
   ...                                                                                         ...
                                                                              Control over nanomorphology

                                                                                                                     9
                                                                                                              CONFIDENTIAL      9
Inkjet printed polymer solar cells

Goals
• All-printed flexible OSC´s
• Non-halogenated solvents
• New materials & cell designs
• Improved architectures at the nanoscale




                                            CONFIDENTIAL   10
Technology: Roll-to-roll (R2R)
Low cost & large area deposition technique

- Semi-industrial scale
- Thin film deposition on flexible substrates
- Deposition amplitude: 25 cm
- Speed: 0.2-2 m/min              Lamination




   Slot die coating
                                                Foulard

                                                 CONFIDENTIAL   11
R2R OPV modules   l by Cetemmsa   TAFF
Module design




                                   12
                             CONFIDENTIAL   12
R2R OPV modules    l by Cetemmsa   TAFF
Slot die coating




                                    13
                              CONFIDENTIAL   13
l by Cetemmsa   Solid State Lighting: EL




                                CONFIDENTIAL   14
l by Cetemmsa   Solid State Lighting: EL




                                CONFIDENTIAL   15
l by Cetemmsa   Printed Circuits: Components
 Substrates: Kapton, PET, Textiles, Paper
 Inks: generally Ag nanoparticule colloidal solution, Ag paste
 Process: Inkjet, Screen printing




 Components: Resistances, Capacitors, diodes, transistors, antennas
 Process: inkjet, screen printing, PVD
 Materials: conductive inks (PEDOT:PSS, Ag…),
semiconductors (D4HT, P3HT/PCBM…), Dielectrics



                                                                       CONFIDENTIAL   16
l by Cetemmsa   Printed sensors
Textile switch
Estructura del tejido sensor con tejido EL

        Tejido exterior
        EL


        Sensor resistivo

 Electrónica control




• DESARROLLO 1 / Tejido electroluminiscente




                                                                   CONFIDENTIAL   17
Smart Innovation
l by Cetemmsa



Dr. Paul Lacharmoise placharmoise@cetemmsa.com
Tel. (34) 93 741 91 00 / Fax (34) 93 741 92 28 /
www.cetemmsa.com




                                                   CONFIDENTIAL   18

IP. Lacharmoise - InnovativeThin Film Devices for Photovoltaic Automotive Applications

  • 1.
    Innovative Thin FilmDevices for Photovoltaic Automotive Applications lP. LACHARMOISE CONFIDENTIAL 1
  • 2.
    l by Cetemmsa Smart Technological Center We are a Technology Centre with international reference, specialized in applied research in flexible surface treatments in the field of Printed Electronics. Transfer Technology to companies through the device integration, prototyping and industrial engineering “Smart Engineering” in order to provide to the companies a competitive edge in their markets. MATERIALS PRINTING DEVICES TEST INTEGRATION Printed Electronic Value Chain CETEMMSA CAPABILITIES Technology Focus l Flexible Surfaces Treatments CONFIDENTIAL 2
  • 3.
    l by Cetemmsa R&D Cetemmsa Processes & Technology Areas PHOTONIC PRINTED SENSORS SURFACE AND MATERIAL DEPOSITION RESEARCH UPSCALING PROCESSES PRINTED SMART ENGINEERING CIRCUITS & COMPONENTS HIGH PERFORMANCE TEXTILES SURFACES BIO- FUNCTIONALIZATION Technology Focus l Flexible Surfaces Treatments CONFIDENTIAL 3
  • 4.
    Ink Formulation /processes Formulation using different active materials, solvents, conductivity enhancers, binders Related to the deposition method (inkjet, screen printing, slot die, spin or bar coating…) Materials, Inks and surfaces characterizations (Profiler, Contact angle, Microscopy, Electrical characterizations, UV-NIR, IRRAS…) Contact angle UV-VisNIR FTIR Rapid prototyping (3D object printer) Microscopy Dynamic Mechanical Analysis I-V electrical characterization CONFIDENTIAL 4
  • 5.
    l by Cetemmsa R&D / Deposition Facilities Spin coating Ink-jet printing Bar coating Screen printing Roll to Roll Slot-die, foulard coating PVD: thermal evaporation and lamination CONFIDENTIAL 5
  • 6.
    TAFF TAFF l by Cetemmsa l Techo Automóvil Fotovoltaico Flexible Investigación en células fotovoltaicas flexibles para aplicaciones en el sector de la automoción, mediante tecnologías de bajo coste como la impresión ink-jet o la técnica roll-to-roll. Desarrollo de módulos fotovoltaicos flexibles por técnicas de impresión Scale up: Implementación del sistema roll-to-roll para producir módulos en continuo Conexión e integración de los módulos flexibles para la obtención de componentes que presenten las especificaciones definidas para su uso en automoción. 6 CONFIDENTIAL 6
  • 7.
    Solar car roofdimensions l by Cetemmsa TAFF 12350 cm2 130 cm 95 cm Rc = 500 cm • development of flexible OPV (CETEMMSA) • integration of a-Si comercial modules: automotive regulation testing (AIN-CTAG) 7 CONFIDENTIAL 7
  • 8.
    Organic photovoltaic (OPV) l by Cetemmsa TAFF Thin film photovoltaic technologies consitute the third generation of solar cells:  flexibility  low weight  low energy-consumming fabrication processes  low cost OPV is particularly interesting because of:  solution process: R2R compatibility  low toxicity (vs. CdTe or CIGS for example)  potential to be cheaper than any other technology Konarka CONFIDENTIAL 8
  • 9.
    Inkjet printed solarcells l by Cetemmsa TAFF inkjet print head 1-16 jets moving direction < 10 mm 3. solvent evaporation Top electrode 4. dried film 1. droplet ejection Active layer Transport layer 2. spreading and fusion of droplets Transparent electrode substrate (heated) PET V- I Parameters Effect Temperature of plate Phase segregation Drop spacing Crystallization of P3HT Number of jets Drying kinetics Roughness Solvent composition Homogeneity Solubility Thickness ... ... Control over nanomorphology 9 CONFIDENTIAL 9
  • 10.
    Inkjet printed polymersolar cells Goals • All-printed flexible OSC´s • Non-halogenated solvents • New materials & cell designs • Improved architectures at the nanoscale CONFIDENTIAL 10
  • 11.
    Technology: Roll-to-roll (R2R) Lowcost & large area deposition technique - Semi-industrial scale - Thin film deposition on flexible substrates - Deposition amplitude: 25 cm - Speed: 0.2-2 m/min Lamination Slot die coating Foulard CONFIDENTIAL 11
  • 12.
    R2R OPV modules l by Cetemmsa TAFF Module design 12 CONFIDENTIAL 12
  • 13.
    R2R OPV modules l by Cetemmsa TAFF Slot die coating 13 CONFIDENTIAL 13
  • 14.
    l by Cetemmsa Solid State Lighting: EL CONFIDENTIAL 14
  • 15.
    l by Cetemmsa Solid State Lighting: EL CONFIDENTIAL 15
  • 16.
    l by Cetemmsa Printed Circuits: Components  Substrates: Kapton, PET, Textiles, Paper  Inks: generally Ag nanoparticule colloidal solution, Ag paste  Process: Inkjet, Screen printing  Components: Resistances, Capacitors, diodes, transistors, antennas  Process: inkjet, screen printing, PVD  Materials: conductive inks (PEDOT:PSS, Ag…), semiconductors (D4HT, P3HT/PCBM…), Dielectrics CONFIDENTIAL 16
  • 17.
    l by Cetemmsa Printed sensors Textile switch Estructura del tejido sensor con tejido EL Tejido exterior EL Sensor resistivo Electrónica control • DESARROLLO 1 / Tejido electroluminiscente CONFIDENTIAL 17
  • 18.
    Smart Innovation l byCetemmsa Dr. Paul Lacharmoise placharmoise@cetemmsa.com Tel. (34) 93 741 91 00 / Fax (34) 93 741 92 28 / www.cetemmsa.com CONFIDENTIAL 18