1) The document describes the design of a broadband circular microstrip patch antenna with a plus slot for WLAN and WiMAX applications operating at 4.7 GHz.
2) The antenna was simulated using IE3D software and was found to have a bandwidth of 78.81% along with a maximum directivity of 6 dBi and maximum efficiency of 88%.
3) Key parameters of the antenna like return loss, radiation pattern, and efficiency were studied and optimized during the design process.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Design and Analysis of Triple-Band Multi Slotted Microstrip Patch AntennaIOSR Journals
In this paper, a multi slotted microstrip patch antenna design has been proposed. The characteristics
of the antenna are obtained in terms of return loss, gain and bandwidth. It is observed that the new proposed
configuration can operate in three different frequency bands with a good amount of bandwidth i.e. bandwidth of
21.12% at 1.1GHz frequency band, bandwidth of 11.65% at 2.11 GHz and bandwidth of 13.05% at 2.76GHz
frequency band . The resonating behavior in different frequency bands makes this antenna structure suitable for
different types of applications with an antenna gain of 6.163dBi and antenna efficiency of 86.82%.The substrate
material with relative permittivity of 4.2 and loss tangent of 0.0013 is used in this proposed antenna. The
designing and simulation of the antenna structure is done over IE3D simulation software version 15.02.
Multiband Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna for WLAN Applicationtheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
expanding the bandwidth of rectangular microstrip antenna by inserting a slotINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
In this work we were able to improve the reflection coefficient S11 and bandwidth BW of a rectangular microstrip antenna fed by a coaxial cable firstly by adjusting a the feed point and secondly by inserting a rectangular slot in the radiating element The results obtained using the HFSS software, have been compared by those published. These results are very satisfying.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Design and Analysis of Triple-Band Multi Slotted Microstrip Patch AntennaIOSR Journals
In this paper, a multi slotted microstrip patch antenna design has been proposed. The characteristics
of the antenna are obtained in terms of return loss, gain and bandwidth. It is observed that the new proposed
configuration can operate in three different frequency bands with a good amount of bandwidth i.e. bandwidth of
21.12% at 1.1GHz frequency band, bandwidth of 11.65% at 2.11 GHz and bandwidth of 13.05% at 2.76GHz
frequency band . The resonating behavior in different frequency bands makes this antenna structure suitable for
different types of applications with an antenna gain of 6.163dBi and antenna efficiency of 86.82%.The substrate
material with relative permittivity of 4.2 and loss tangent of 0.0013 is used in this proposed antenna. The
designing and simulation of the antenna structure is done over IE3D simulation software version 15.02.
Multiband Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna for WLAN Applicationtheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
expanding the bandwidth of rectangular microstrip antenna by inserting a slotINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
In this work we were able to improve the reflection coefficient S11 and bandwidth BW of a rectangular microstrip antenna fed by a coaxial cable firstly by adjusting a the feed point and secondly by inserting a rectangular slot in the radiating element The results obtained using the HFSS software, have been compared by those published. These results are very satisfying.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Bandwidth Improvement of UWB Microstrip Antenna Using Finite Ground PlaneIJERA Editor
Microstrip antennas play a vital role in communication system. It is required in high performance wireless applications. But due to its resonant nature microstrip antennas have some considerable drawbacks like narrowband performance. Extensive study has been carried out on microstrip patch antennas in the recent past, but it still have large scope for improvement in the near future. To overcome narrow bandwidth problem, number of methods and techniques have been suggested and investigated, keeping in mind that the basic advantages of microstrip antenna should not be altered such as low profile, light weight, low cost and simple printed circuit structure. The area of investigation includes modification in geometrical shape of the antenna, use of resonators, use of dipole, and many other parameters. This paper presents a comparison between conventional microstrip antenna and microstip antenna with finite ground plane at ultra wideband. HFSS simulation tool is used here for antenna simulation. For feeding purpose microstrip feed line is used (50Ω). Optimized result provides impedance bandwidth of 7.2GHz with VSWR<2, operating frequency range is from 6.5GHz to 13.7GHz. Proposed antenna is useful for many ultra wideband applications. =
Design of Circular Patch with Double C-Shaped Slot Microstrip Antenna for LTE...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The design of a circular patch microstrip antenna with double C-shaped for LTE 1800 MHz is
presented. The antenna is designed using FR-4 with dielectric constant of ε = 4.3, with thickness of
substrate that is 1.6 mm and the thickness of patch and ground are 0.025 mm, Respectively the simulation
results presented that the antenna works at frequency of 1714-1889.6 MHz, and work very well at
frequency of 1800 MHz with a Return loss -20.484 dB, bandwidth 175.6 MHz. Technique used for broaden
the bandwidth by using double C-shaped slot. In this paper presents S-Parameters, and Gain of microstrip
antenna circular patch with double C-shaped slot.
A Miniature BroadBand Microstrip Antenna for LTE, Wi-Fi and WiMAX Applications IJECEIAES
A Compact microstrip antenna with rectangular slotted radiating element has been developed. Four slots have been introduced on the radiating element with the use of a partial ground plane and a wideband response has been obtained. The bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 1.7 GHz with a percentage bandwidth of 71%. A low-cost dielectric (FR4_EPOXY) has been considered in the development of the proposed antenna. The obtained frequency band is from 1.9 GHz to 3.6 GHz. To investigate the robustness of our modelled antenna the simulation process has been carried out using two different solvers (Finite Element Method and Finite Integration Technique). In addition, the designed antenna was realized and these results were compared with those of the simulation. The proposed antenna is suitable for many LTE bands {1, 3, 7… 38, 40} broadly deployed in European, South American, Asian, and African countries, Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz), and WiMAX technology (3.5 GHz).
Bandwidth Enhancement of Rectangular Patch Microstrip Antenna with parallel r...IJERA Editor
Many applications require very broadband antenna, but the narrow bandwidth of a microstrip antenna restricts its wide usage. The aim of this paper is to enhance the bandwidth of rectangular microstrip patch antenna. For this purpose, we cut three rectangular parallel slots in the proposed antenna. The dielectric substrate material of the antenna is glass epoxy FR4 having εr=4. 4 and loss tangent 0.025. The performance of the final modified antenna is compared with that of a conventional rectangular microstrip antenna. The designed antenna has two resonant frequencies 4.49 GHz and 4.90 GHz. So this antenna is best suitable for the WLAN applications and IMT-band frequency operations. The designed antenna offers much improved impedance bandwidth 19.7%. This is approximately six times higher than that in a conventional rectangular patch antenna (Bandwidth= 3%) having the same dimensions.
Design LTE Microstrip Antenna Rectangular Patch with Beetle-Shaped SlotTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this paper, the microstrip antenna rectangular patch with beetle shaped slot is presented. The
characterization results of the proposed antenna obtained by changing the dimensions of the ground
plane. CST software is used to design and analyze this proposed antenna. The simulated results of
proposed antenna show that the antenna works at the frequency of 2.1 GHz while the return loss of -32.18
dB with the bandwidth reaches 155.19 MHz and the gain of 3.895 dBi.
07 9238 it yagi-uda antena for edit septianIAESIJEECS
In this paper, the ultra high frequency of yagi-uda antenna for navigational has been designed to
improve the usable bandwidth by improving the stability of the radiation patterns. The frequency band of
ultra high frequency is 300-3000 MHZ. The main aim of this paper is to reduce the loss, improve the gain
and also to enhance the efficiency of ultra high frequency yagi-uda antenna for utilizing the navigational
aids. The proposed UHF band of Yagi-Uda antenna has been designed by using ANSYS HFSS tool for the
application of navigational aids. The characteristics specifications of yagi-uda antenna such as Radiation
pattern, S11 (return loss), impedance matching and gain are analyzed in this work.
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Broadband Slotted Rectangular Shaped Microstrip Antenna For WI-Max ApplicationsIJERA Editor
Many applications require very broadband antenna, but the narrow bandwidth of a microstrip antenna restricts
its wide usage. The aim of this paper is to enhance the bandwidth of rectangular microstrip patch antenna. For
this purpose, we cut four slots in the proposed antenna. The dielectric substrate material of the antenna is glass
epoxy FR4 having εr=4. 4 and loss tangent 0.025. The performance of the final modified antenna is compared
with that of a conventional rectangular microstrip antenna. The designed antenna has two resonant frequencies
5.42 GHz and 5.70 GHz. So this antenna is best suitable for the Wi-Max applications. The designed antenna
offers much improved impedance bandwidth 10.45 %. This is approximately two times higher than that in a
conventional rectangular patch antenna (Bandwidth= 5.34%) having the same dimensions.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
In the present paper a circular slot rectangular microstrip loaded antenna is proposed. The obtained bandwidth of rectangular microstrip antenna is improved up to 46.92%. The proposed antenna has frequency band in the frequency range 1.979 GHz to 3.192 GHz this frequency band is suitable for WLAN / WiMAX and other wireless communication applications. The microstrip antenna suffers from narrow bandwidth hence the present work provide an alternative solution to increase the bandwidth. The gain has been improved up to 4.68dBi and antenna efficiency is 97.63%. The proposed slot loaded Microstrip antenna is fed by 0.3 mm line feed. The proposed antenna is simulated by IE3D Zealand simulation software based on method of moments.
Improved SCTP Scheme To Overcome Congestion Losses Over ManetIJERA Editor
Transmission control conventions have been utilized for data transmission process. TCP has been pre-possessed
for information transmission over wired correspondence having diverse transfer speeds and message delays over
the system. TCP gives correspondence utilizing 3-handshake which sends RTS and ACK originate from server
end and information message has been transmitted over the data transmission gave. This does not give security
over flooding assault happened on the system. TCP gives correspondence between distinctive hubs of the wired
correspondence however when multi-spilling happens in a system TCP does not gives legitimate throughput of
the framework which is significant issue that happened in the past framework. In the proposed work, to beat this
issue SCTP and Improved SCTP transmission control convention has been executed for the framework
execution of the framework. SCTP gives 4-handshake correspondence in the message transmit and improved
SCTP gives the performance when the queue length comes to its full value then it divides the message to other
nodes because of which security element get expansions and this likewise gives correspondence administrations
over multi-spilling and multi-homing. Numerous sender and recipients can impart over wired system utilizing
different methodologies of correspondence through same routers, which debases in the TCP convention. In last
we assess parameters for execution assessment. Here, we composed and actualized our proving ground utilizing
Network Simulator (NS-2.35) to test the execution of both Routing conventions.
Bandwidth Improvement of UWB Microstrip Antenna Using Finite Ground PlaneIJERA Editor
Microstrip antennas play a vital role in communication system. It is required in high performance wireless applications. But due to its resonant nature microstrip antennas have some considerable drawbacks like narrowband performance. Extensive study has been carried out on microstrip patch antennas in the recent past, but it still have large scope for improvement in the near future. To overcome narrow bandwidth problem, number of methods and techniques have been suggested and investigated, keeping in mind that the basic advantages of microstrip antenna should not be altered such as low profile, light weight, low cost and simple printed circuit structure. The area of investigation includes modification in geometrical shape of the antenna, use of resonators, use of dipole, and many other parameters. This paper presents a comparison between conventional microstrip antenna and microstip antenna with finite ground plane at ultra wideband. HFSS simulation tool is used here for antenna simulation. For feeding purpose microstrip feed line is used (50Ω). Optimized result provides impedance bandwidth of 7.2GHz with VSWR<2, operating frequency range is from 6.5GHz to 13.7GHz. Proposed antenna is useful for many ultra wideband applications. =
Design of Circular Patch with Double C-Shaped Slot Microstrip Antenna for LTE...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The design of a circular patch microstrip antenna with double C-shaped for LTE 1800 MHz is
presented. The antenna is designed using FR-4 with dielectric constant of ε = 4.3, with thickness of
substrate that is 1.6 mm and the thickness of patch and ground are 0.025 mm, Respectively the simulation
results presented that the antenna works at frequency of 1714-1889.6 MHz, and work very well at
frequency of 1800 MHz with a Return loss -20.484 dB, bandwidth 175.6 MHz. Technique used for broaden
the bandwidth by using double C-shaped slot. In this paper presents S-Parameters, and Gain of microstrip
antenna circular patch with double C-shaped slot.
A Miniature BroadBand Microstrip Antenna for LTE, Wi-Fi and WiMAX Applications IJECEIAES
A Compact microstrip antenna with rectangular slotted radiating element has been developed. Four slots have been introduced on the radiating element with the use of a partial ground plane and a wideband response has been obtained. The bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 1.7 GHz with a percentage bandwidth of 71%. A low-cost dielectric (FR4_EPOXY) has been considered in the development of the proposed antenna. The obtained frequency band is from 1.9 GHz to 3.6 GHz. To investigate the robustness of our modelled antenna the simulation process has been carried out using two different solvers (Finite Element Method and Finite Integration Technique). In addition, the designed antenna was realized and these results were compared with those of the simulation. The proposed antenna is suitable for many LTE bands {1, 3, 7… 38, 40} broadly deployed in European, South American, Asian, and African countries, Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz), and WiMAX technology (3.5 GHz).
Bandwidth Enhancement of Rectangular Patch Microstrip Antenna with parallel r...IJERA Editor
Many applications require very broadband antenna, but the narrow bandwidth of a microstrip antenna restricts its wide usage. The aim of this paper is to enhance the bandwidth of rectangular microstrip patch antenna. For this purpose, we cut three rectangular parallel slots in the proposed antenna. The dielectric substrate material of the antenna is glass epoxy FR4 having εr=4. 4 and loss tangent 0.025. The performance of the final modified antenna is compared with that of a conventional rectangular microstrip antenna. The designed antenna has two resonant frequencies 4.49 GHz and 4.90 GHz. So this antenna is best suitable for the WLAN applications and IMT-band frequency operations. The designed antenna offers much improved impedance bandwidth 19.7%. This is approximately six times higher than that in a conventional rectangular patch antenna (Bandwidth= 3%) having the same dimensions.
Design LTE Microstrip Antenna Rectangular Patch with Beetle-Shaped SlotTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this paper, the microstrip antenna rectangular patch with beetle shaped slot is presented. The
characterization results of the proposed antenna obtained by changing the dimensions of the ground
plane. CST software is used to design and analyze this proposed antenna. The simulated results of
proposed antenna show that the antenna works at the frequency of 2.1 GHz while the return loss of -32.18
dB with the bandwidth reaches 155.19 MHz and the gain of 3.895 dBi.
07 9238 it yagi-uda antena for edit septianIAESIJEECS
In this paper, the ultra high frequency of yagi-uda antenna for navigational has been designed to
improve the usable bandwidth by improving the stability of the radiation patterns. The frequency band of
ultra high frequency is 300-3000 MHZ. The main aim of this paper is to reduce the loss, improve the gain
and also to enhance the efficiency of ultra high frequency yagi-uda antenna for utilizing the navigational
aids. The proposed UHF band of Yagi-Uda antenna has been designed by using ANSYS HFSS tool for the
application of navigational aids. The characteristics specifications of yagi-uda antenna such as Radiation
pattern, S11 (return loss), impedance matching and gain are analyzed in this work.
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Broadband Slotted Rectangular Shaped Microstrip Antenna For WI-Max ApplicationsIJERA Editor
Many applications require very broadband antenna, but the narrow bandwidth of a microstrip antenna restricts
its wide usage. The aim of this paper is to enhance the bandwidth of rectangular microstrip patch antenna. For
this purpose, we cut four slots in the proposed antenna. The dielectric substrate material of the antenna is glass
epoxy FR4 having εr=4. 4 and loss tangent 0.025. The performance of the final modified antenna is compared
with that of a conventional rectangular microstrip antenna. The designed antenna has two resonant frequencies
5.42 GHz and 5.70 GHz. So this antenna is best suitable for the Wi-Max applications. The designed antenna
offers much improved impedance bandwidth 10.45 %. This is approximately two times higher than that in a
conventional rectangular patch antenna (Bandwidth= 5.34%) having the same dimensions.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
In the present paper a circular slot rectangular microstrip loaded antenna is proposed. The obtained bandwidth of rectangular microstrip antenna is improved up to 46.92%. The proposed antenna has frequency band in the frequency range 1.979 GHz to 3.192 GHz this frequency band is suitable for WLAN / WiMAX and other wireless communication applications. The microstrip antenna suffers from narrow bandwidth hence the present work provide an alternative solution to increase the bandwidth. The gain has been improved up to 4.68dBi and antenna efficiency is 97.63%. The proposed slot loaded Microstrip antenna is fed by 0.3 mm line feed. The proposed antenna is simulated by IE3D Zealand simulation software based on method of moments.
Improved SCTP Scheme To Overcome Congestion Losses Over ManetIJERA Editor
Transmission control conventions have been utilized for data transmission process. TCP has been pre-possessed
for information transmission over wired correspondence having diverse transfer speeds and message delays over
the system. TCP gives correspondence utilizing 3-handshake which sends RTS and ACK originate from server
end and information message has been transmitted over the data transmission gave. This does not give security
over flooding assault happened on the system. TCP gives correspondence between distinctive hubs of the wired
correspondence however when multi-spilling happens in a system TCP does not gives legitimate throughput of
the framework which is significant issue that happened in the past framework. In the proposed work, to beat this
issue SCTP and Improved SCTP transmission control convention has been executed for the framework
execution of the framework. SCTP gives 4-handshake correspondence in the message transmit and improved
SCTP gives the performance when the queue length comes to its full value then it divides the message to other
nodes because of which security element get expansions and this likewise gives correspondence administrations
over multi-spilling and multi-homing. Numerous sender and recipients can impart over wired system utilizing
different methodologies of correspondence through same routers, which debases in the TCP convention. In last
we assess parameters for execution assessment. Here, we composed and actualized our proving ground utilizing
Network Simulator (NS-2.35) to test the execution of both Routing conventions.
Fabrication and characterization of conducting polymer compositeijoejournal
The ion conducting polymer composite specimen has been prepared by using Polyvinyl- pyrrolidone
(PVP) and Potassium hydroxide (KOH) using double distilled water as the solvent. The solution cast
techniques was used to prepare the specimens. The main objective of the project is to study structural and
mechanical properties of the polymer composite specimen. The conductivity and micro structure analysis
has been carried out. The results revealed conductivity and hardness of the polymer composite increased
with concentration of the KOH salt
Fabrication and characterization of nickelijoejournal
This paper shows that nickel nanowires of length 11μm and diameters 800 and 15nm were grown within
the pores of nuclear track polycarbonate membrane by electrodepositing nickel. Surface morphology and
crystallographic structure of the deposited nanowires was investigated using SEM, TEM and XRD
respectively. It is found that low current density gives good result, while high current density leads to the
formation of curled nanowires. Fabricated nanowires were further investigated for electrical properties
and found that nanowires obey ohm’s law. Through structural characterization it has been observed that
the fabricated nanowires posses FCC lattice structure.
A small H-shaped microstrip patch antenna (MPA) with enhanced bandwidth is presented. The H-shaped antenna is first studied and then fully simulated by HFSS. A dual U slot H patch configuration is proposed to increase the narrow bandwidth, radiation efficiency and directivity. A novel H-shaped patch antenna suitable for wireless and satellite communications is presented. This paper presents the dual U slot H-shaped microstrip patch antenna feed by transmission line. The decrease in the prices of handheld devices and services has made available on the move internet and web services facility to the customers, small antennas requirement are increasing. In this paper H-shaped patch antenna is designed using FR4 substrate. The proposed modified H shaped antenna is designed and simulated using HFSS and caters to various wireless applications such as WiMAX, Wi-Fi, UMTS and Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB) e.g. T V, etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Microstrip patch antenna for pcs and wlaneSAT Journals
Abstract Due to development in wireless devices, it poses a new challenge for the design of an antenna in wireless communication. Patch antennas are well suited for various wireless application systems due to their low weight, low profile, versatility, conformability, low cost and low sensitivity to manufacturing tolerances. This paper present design, simulation of a rectangular micro strip antenna for WLAN and PCS. The aim of the work is to design reliable broadband, compact patch antenna for wireless devices. Antenna is proposed which is providing circular polarization, dual band, resonant frequencies at 1.9 GHz, 2.4 GHz. Key Words: Patch antenna, co-axial feeding, polarization, dual band, HFSS …
Design & Simulation of E-Shaped Micro Strip Patch Antenna for GPS ApplicationIJERA Editor
Micro strip antennas are widely used in many applications due to their low Profile, low cost and ease of fabrication. In some applications it is desired to have a dual band or multiband characteristics. This paper presents the design and simulation of E-shape micro strip patch antenna with wideband operating frequency for wireless application. The shape will provide the broad bandwidth which is required in various application like remote sensing, biomedical application, mobile radio, satellite communication etc. The antenna design is an improvement from previous research and it is simulated using HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) version 13.0 software. GPS provides specially coded satellite signals that can be processed with a GPS receiver enabling the receiver to compute position, velocity and time. Coaxial feed or probe feed technique is used. Parametric study was included to determine affect of design towards the antenna performance. Radiation performance of the designed antenna is simulated using the HFSS software version 13.0. The performance of the designed antenna was analyzed in term of bandwidth, gain, return loss, VSWR, and radiation pattern. The design was optimized to meet the best possible result. Substrate used was air which has a dielectric constant of 1.0006. The results show the wideband antenna is able to operate from 8.80 GHz to 13.49 GHz frequency band with optimum frequency at 8.73 GHz. Due to the compact area occupied. The pro-posed antenna is promising to be embedded within the different portable devices employing GPS applications.
Circular shape, Dual band proximity feed UWB AntennaAmitesh Raikwar
This paper presents novel proximity feed, microstrip antenna with dual band operative frequency and having ultra wide bandwidth with center
frequency at 3GHz. This Circular shaped microstrip antenna offers a dual band. This paper suggests an alternative approach in enhancing the band
width of microstrip antenna for the wireless application operating at a frequency of 3 GHz. A bandwidth enhancement of more than 21% was achieved.
The measured results have been compared with the simulated results using software IE3D version-14.0.
Microstrip patch antennas are the most common form
of printed antennas. They became very popular due to their low
profile geometry, light weight and low cost. A Rectangular
Microstrip Patch Antenna with probe feed and substrate used is
Arlon AD260 has the relative permittivity of which is 2.6 is
designed and simulated using high frequency structure simulator
(HFSS). All the Parameters of this microsrip patch Antenna such
as bandwidth, S - parameter, Reflection loss and VSWR has been
found and plotted. The main objective of this work is to consider
the reactive loading effect on the patch and its effect towards the
improvement of the antenna characteristics, particularly the
radiation characteristics in principle plane (E and H) is
examined. As per theoretical approach reactive loading creates
either capacitive loading or inductive loading. Due to this effect
the antenna performance may be degraded or enhanced in terms
of efficiency, isolation, gain, impedance matching etc. The results
of this designed antenna are compared with the existing Micro
strip antenna
Design and Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna with Optimization for Wireles...ijsrd.com
In this paper, design of conventional Rectangular patch Microstrip antenna has been proposed and its performance is analyzed. The design parameters of antenna are selected to achieve compact dimensions as well as best possible characteristics such as high gain, increased bandwidth with minimum return loss. Hence improved design has been demonstrated over elementary one. These antennas have been designed at 2.4GHz which enables its usage in wireless communication domain such as Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). The antenna design and performance are analyzed using Ansoft HFSS software. These antennas can be used for many wireless communication systems.
Multiband antenna using stacked series array for Ka-Band applicationjournalBEEI
In this paper, a multiband stack series array antenna is designed in order to attain solutions for the future 28 GHz Ka-band application. Double layer substrate Technology is utilized to accomplish multiple resonant frequencies with higher data transfer capacities due to high bandwidth. The designed antenna is dependent on twofold layer consisting patches and resonators in different layers stacked together. The designed multiband antennas can resonate at single band of
(28 GHz), dual band of (28 and 30 GHz) and triple band of (24.18, 26 and 28.453). The results achieved in the simulation are later fabricated and tested. The test result illustrates that the antennas have wide bandwidth, high gain and even higher efficiencies. All the proposed antenna configurations have demonstrated a decent possibility for 5G millimeter wave (mmwave) application.
Comparative Analysis for Different Stack Shaped Microstrip Patch Antennaijsrd.com
A compact stack antenna consisting of square patch, loop couplers and inset feed line is reviewed in this work. This proposed design represents a stacked patch antenna having an arrangement of two substrates separated by an air gape and a coupling is provided using square loop structure. The structure is reviewed in two different directions firstly the feed arrangement is varied and secondly a variation in coupler structure is done to make the antenna work at multiple frequencies in UWB range. The simulation results of this work with different resonator structure and feed structures are presented and comparative analysis of these different arrangements is presented in this paper. Simulation results obtained from the proposed antenna for return loss, polar radiation and pattern voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) shows its suitability for ultra wide band application.
Design and Analysis of Microstrip Antenna for CDMA Systems CommunicationIOSR Journals
Abstract: This paper proposes a newly designed microstrip patch antennas (MSA) for wireless application (CDMA Systems). The designed single antenna E-shaped patch antenna. Two parallel slots are in corporated into the patch of a microstrip antenna to expand it bandwidth, and designed antenna operates in the frequency range of 1.85 to 1.99 GHz. The antenna is designed using air as a dielectric substrate between the ground plane and substrate patch antenna. IE3D is a full-wave electromagnetic simulator based on the method of moments (MoM) technique. It has been widely used in the design of MICs, RFICs, patch antennas, wire antennas, and other RF/wireless antennas. It can be used to calculate and plot the S parameters, VSWR, current distributions as well as the radiation patterns. The results obtained for each patch were 2D and 3D view of patch, Directivity, Gain, beam width and other such parameters, true and mapped 3D radiation pattern, and 2D polar radiation pattern. The antenna successfully achieves the exhibit a broad impedance bandwidth of 27 % (at VSWR < 2) with respect to the center frequency of 1.9 GHz is designed, fabricated, and finally measured on Spectrum analyzer. The radiation pattern and directivity are also presented.. Gain maximum achievable is 3 dBi and good return loss (S11 parameters) of -30 dB is achieved along with broadside radiation pattern. Keywords - Microstrip Patch Antenna; E-shaped, CDMA systems communications; Coaxial Probe feed, IE3D
Design and Analysis of Microstrip Antenna for CDMA Systems CommunicationIOSR Journals
This paper proposes a newly designed microstrip patch antennas (MSA) for wireless application
(CDMA Systems). The designed single antenna E-shaped patch antenna. Two parallel slots are in corporated
into the patch of a microstrip antenna to expand it bandwidth, and designed antenna operates in the frequency
range of 1.85 to 1.99 GHz. The antenna is designed using air as a dielectric substrate between the ground plane
and substrate patch antenna. IE3D is a full-wave electromagnetic simulator based on the method of moments
(MoM) technique. It has been widely used in the design of MICs, RFICs, patch antennas, wire antennas, and
other RF/wireless antennas. It can be used to calculate and plot the S parameters, VSWR, current distributions
as well as the radiation patterns. The results obtained for each patch were 2D and 3D view of patch, Directivity,
Gain, beam width and other such parameters, true and mapped 3D radiation pattern, and 2D polar radiation
pattern. The antenna successfully achieves the exhibit a broad impedance bandwidth of 27 % (at VSWR < 2)
with respect to the center frequency of 1.9 GHz is designed, fabricated, and finally measured on Spectrum
analyzer. The radiation pattern and directivity are also presented.. Gain maximum achievable is 3 dBi and good
return loss (S11 parameters) of -30 dB is achieved along with broadside radiation pattern.
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1. Advance Physics Letter
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ISSN (Print) : 2349-1094, ISSN (Online) : 2349-1108, Vol_1, Issue_1, 2014
57
Design of broadband circular patch microstrip antenna with plus slot
for WLAN and WiMAX Application
1
Sarvesh Kumar Bhartiya, 2
Vinod Kumar Singh, 3
Rajeev Shankar Pathak
1, 3
M.Tech Scholar, S.R.Group of Institutions, Jhansi, India
2
Assistant professor, S. R. Group of Institutions, Jhansi, India
Email: Sarvesh.11289@gmail.com, singhvinod34@gmail.com,rajeevsp88@yahoo.com
Abstract: In this paper, the design and analysis of Circular
microstrip patch antenna with Plus shape for the WLAN &
WiMax application is presented. The operating frequency of
antenna 4.7 GHz having circular shape. The antenna design
consists of a single layer of substrate with thickness 1.6 mm
having dielectric constant of 4.4.The simulation results of
proposed slotted circular microstrip patch antenna have been
obtained by IE3D Zealand Software. The effects of different
parameters like return loss, radiation pattern are studied.
The simulated result shows that the proposed antenna
presents a bandwidth of 78.81%.
Keywords: Return loss, Radiation Pattern, Antenna
efficiency, Radiation Efficiency and plus slotted antenna.
I. INTRODUCTION
Microstrip antennas are getting popularity amongst the
researchers due to its attractive features such as low
profile, low cost, light weight, ease of fabrication and
compatibility with microwave circuits.[1-4] However,
despite of these several advantages, the microstrip
antennas suffers from some disadvantages of narrow
bandwidth and low efficiency. Various researches have
been made to increase the bandwidth of Microstrip
antennas, which includes increase of the substrate
thickness, the use of a low dielectric constant, slotted
patch antennas, introducing the parasitic elements either
in coplanar or stacked configuration, the use of various
impedance matching and feeding techniques [5-10].The
dielectric constant of the substrate is closely related to
the size and the bandwidth of the microstrip antenna.
Low dielectric constant of the substrate produces larger
bandwidth, while the high dielectric constant of the
substrate results in smaller size of antenna. [6--10]
In the past few years researchers have tried various
methods to enhance the bandwidth and it is observed
that as the bandwidth is increased the efficiency and
gain decreases. To obtain a larger bandwidth along with
optimum gain and efficiency and maintaining the size of
antenna is a major challenge to the researchers working
with microstrip antennas these days [11-15].
In this paper a wide band plus slotted circular microstrip
antenna with compact size is presented which have
bandwidth of around 78.81%.The antenna is suitable for
various mobile cellular communication systems such as
WLAN and WiMax.
II. ANTENNA DESIGN
The proposed line-fed wide band circular plus slotted
antenna is presented in Figure1. The ground plane has
the dimensions of Lg× Wg and is printed on a substrate
of thickness h = 1.6 mm and relative permittivity r =
4.4. The optimized design parameters of the proposed
patch antenna are shown in table 1. The circular plus slot
is introduced on the patch with glass epoxy substrate
provide bandwidth enhancement. There are different
slots in designing the circular microstrip antenna, The
slot is plus shape .The effect of changing The slot length
and width are studied on parameters like gain, return
loss, radiation efficiency, antenna efficiency etc .A
Coaxial probe feed is used at different points by
Changing the feed locations and their effect are seen on
above parameters.
The bandwidth of antenna can be defined as the
percentage of the frequency difference over the center
frequency [5]. According to these definitions can be
written in terms of equations as follows
100%
C
LH
f
ff
BW
Where fH and fL are the upper and lower cut off
frequencies of the resonated band when its return loss
reaches -10 dB and fC is a centre frequency between fH
and fL respectively.
Design Equation
Because of fringing effect electrically the patch of
2. Advance Physics Letter
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ISSN (Print) : 2349-1094, ISSN (Online) : 2349-1108, Vol_1, Issue_1, 2014
58
antenna looks larger than its physical dimensions.
The enlargement of L is given by eq. 1 shown below
813.0258.0
264.0300.0
412.0
h
W
h
W
h
l
reff
reff
(1)
Where the effective (relative) permittivity is given by
eq. 2 shown below
2/1
121
2
1
2
1
W
hrr
reff
(2)
This is related to the ratio of h/W. The larger the h/W,
smaller the effective permittivity the effective length of
the patch is given by
l
fr
L
ooreff
2
2
1
(3)
re
nm
nm
a
cK
f
2
(4)
Where Knm the derivative of the Bessel function of
Order n & c is velocity of light. Since the dimension of
the patch is treated a circular loop, the actual radius of
the patch is given by (Balanis, 1982)
2/1
7726.1
2
ln
2
1
h
F
F
h
F
a
r
(5)
rrf
F
9
10791.8
(6)
Equation (6) does not take into consideration the
fringing effect. Since fringing makes the patch
electrically larger, the effective radius of patch is used
and is given by (Balanis 1982)
2/1
7726.1
2
ln
2
1
h
a
a
h
aa
r
e
(7)
Design Procedure
Step1: Using equation (4) to find out the resonant
frequency
Step2: Calculate the effective permittivity using the
equation (2)
Step3: Compute the extension of the length using
the equation (1)
Step4: Determine the length L by solving the equation
for L giving the solution to design the antenna.
Table1. Dimensions of the Prescribed Antenna
Resonant Frequency(Fr) 4.7
Dielectric Constant (εr) 4.4
Radius of circular patch(a) 9 mm
Substrate Thickness(h) 1.6mm
Figure 1: Top view of Proposed Antenna
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Figure 2 shows the variation of return loss versus
frequency of proposed MSA. From this figure, it is clear
that the proposed MSA resonates at 2.75 GHz and 3.88
GHz of frequency. The impedance bandwidth of
proposed MSA is found to be 78.81%.
Table 2.Results of Proposed antenna design
Parameters Obtained Results
Band Width 78.81%
Maximum Directivity at
3.75 GHz
6 dBi at 3.88 GHz
Maximum Antenna
Efficiency
88% at 3.88 GHz
3. Advance Physics Letter
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ISSN (Print) : 2349-1094, ISSN (Online) : 2349-1108, Vol_1, Issue_1, 2014
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Figure 2: S11 parameter of Proposed Antenna
Figure 3: VSWR of Proposed Antenna
Figure 4: Efficiency plot of proposed Antenna
Figure 5: Gain Vs Frequency plot of proposed Antenna
Figure 6: Smith chart of Proposed Antenna
IV. CONCLUSION
The proposed designed antenna is suitable for broad
band application. The simulated result shows that the
proposed antenna presents a bandwidth of 78.81%which
is shown in fig 2. Fig4 presents the maximum radiation
efficiency 88%. The maximum achievable gain of the
antenna is 6 .dBi shown in fig 5.The developed line feed
wide band compact microstrip antenna is suitable for
WLAN and WiMax applications.
Figure 7: 3D Radiation Pattern of Proposed Antenna
4. Advance Physics Letter
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ISSN (Print) : 2349-1094, ISSN (Online) : 2349-1108, Vol_1, Issue_1, 2014
60
REFERENCES
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