Reproductive Systems
Chapter 14
Related Combining FormsStructureRelated Combining FormsMalePenispen/i, phall/iTesticlesorch/o, orchid/o, test/i, test/oFemaleOvariesoophor/o, ovari/oFallopian tubessalping/oUterushyster/o, metr/o, metri/o, urter/oVaginavagin/o, colp/oPlacentaplacent/o
2
Terms Related to Reproductive Systems of Both Sexes
Genitalia
Organs of reproduction and their associated structures
External genitalia: reproductive organs located outside of the body
Internal genitalia: reproductive organs located within the body
3
Terms Related to Reproductive Systems of Both Sexes
Perineum
Male perineum
Extends from scrotum to the area around the anus
Female perineum
Extends from pubic symphysis to the area around the anus
Functions of Male Reproductive System
Primary function
Produce sperm and deliver them into female body for union with ovum to create new life
Structures of Male Reproductive System
External male genitalia
Penis and scrotum, which contains two testicles
Internal male genitalia
Include remaining structures of male reproductive system
Structures of Male Reproductive System
Structures of Male Reproductive System
Scrotum and Testicles
Scrotum
Sac-like structure that surrounds, protects, and supports testicles
Suspended from pubic arch behind the penis and lies between the thighs
Scrotum and Testicles
Testicles
Two egg-shaped glands that produce sperm
Develop within abdomen of male fetus and normally descend into scrotum before or soon after birth
Seminiferous tubules: site of sperm formation
Epididymis: coiled tube at the upper part of each testicle; descends the length of the testicle, then moves upward to merge into vas deferens
Scrotum and Testicles
Testicles
Spermatic cord
Attached to each testicle
Extends upward from epididymis
Contains vas deferens plus arteries, veins, nerves, and lymphatic vessels for each testicle
Semen Formation
Semen
Whitish fluid containing sperm (male gametes)
Ejaculated through urethra at the peak of male sexual excitement
Spermatogenesis
Process of sperm formation
(spermat/o: sperm; -genesis: formation)
Semen Formation
Ideal temperature for sperm formation is 93.2˚F
Sperm move from seminiferous tubules of testicles into epididymus where they become motile and are stored
Semen Formation
From epididymus, sperm travel to vas deferens where seminal vesicles and prostate gland add secretions to form semen
Penis
Male sex organ
Transports sperm into female vagina
Three columns of erectile tissue
High pressure leads to filling of erectile tissues with blood during sexual stimulation
Penis
Glans penis
Sensitive region at the tip of the penis
Foreskin
Retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane
Covers and protects glans penis
Also known as prepuce
Vas Deferens, Seminal Vesicles, and Ejaculatory Duct
Vas deferens
Long, narrow continuation of each epididymus
Leads upward and join the urethra
Seminal vesicles
Located at the base of urinary bladder
Open.
Survey of Anatomy and Physiology chapter 17cmahon57
This document discusses human reproduction and the reproductive systems. It explains that cells reproduce through mitosis, while sexual reproduction requires meiosis to reduce chromosomes and allow fertilization. The male reproductive system produces sperm through the testes and related structures. The female system produces eggs in the ovaries and has a monthly menstrual cycle regulated by hormones. Fertilization occurs if sperm successfully fertilizes an egg, forming a zygote.
The document summarizes the key structures and functions of the male and female reproductive systems. It identifies the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and penis as the main structures in the male system. It also describes spermatogenesis and the pathway of sperm. In the female system, it identifies the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina as the primary structures. It discusses oogenesis and the ovarian and uterine cycles.
This document provides an overview of the female reproductive system, including its structures and their functions, the menstrual cycle and hormones involved, pregnancy and childbirth, common diagnoses and procedures, and key terms. It defines objectives for learning about the female reproductive system and lists parts like the ovaries, uterus, vagina, and external genitalia. Pathways like the egg's path during the ovarian and menstrual cycles are depicted. Hormones, cycles, fertilization, and prevention of fertilization are outlined. Combining forms and common abbreviations are defined. Diagnostic tests, procedures, and pathological conditions are also detailed.
The document discusses the female reproductive system. It describes the organs including the breasts, fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus, and vagina. It provides details on the structure and functions of the uterus, including its three sections and layers. It also describes the fallopian tubes and their role in transporting eggs and sperm. The document discusses total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (TAH-BSO) surgery to remove the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. It lists some common reasons for having a hysterectomy, including uterine fibroids and cancer. The document introduces robotic hysterectomy as a less invasive alternative to open abdominal hysterectomy.
This document provides an overview of the human reproductive system. It describes the major organs of both the male and female reproductive systems, including their functions in sperm and egg production, sexual intercourse, fertilization, pregnancy, childbirth, and nursing. It also discusses gametogenesis, the process by which gametes (sperm and eggs) are produced through meiosis. Diseases of the reproductive system are also mentioned.
The document summarizes the key functions and anatomy of the male and female reproductive systems. The male system produces sperm and sex hormones, while the female system produces eggs and sex hormones. It nurtures a fetus during pregnancy. Key organs include testes, ovaries, uterus, and other structures that work together to enable reproduction.
The document provides an overview of the human reproductive system. It describes the key functions and structures of both the male and female reproductive systems. In the male system, it explains gametogenesis (sperm production) in the testes and seminiferous tubules, and the role of accessory organs like the vas deferens and seminal vesicles. In the female system, it outlines gametogenesis (egg production) in the ovaries, as well as the functions of structures like the fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina in supporting fertilization and pregnancy. Key reproductive events from fertilization to childbirth are also summarized.
Reproductive Systems
Chapter 14
Related Combining FormsStructureRelated Combining FormsMalePenispen/i, phall/iTesticlesorch/o, orchid/o, test/i, test/oFemaleOvariesoophor/o, ovari/oFallopian tubessalping/oUterushyster/o, metr/o, metri/o, urter/oVaginavagin/o, colp/oPlacentaplacent/o
2
Terms Related to Reproductive Systems of Both Sexes
Genitalia
Organs of reproduction and their associated structures
External genitalia: reproductive organs located outside of the body
Internal genitalia: reproductive organs located within the body
3
Terms Related to Reproductive Systems of Both Sexes
Perineum
Male perineum
Extends from scrotum to the area around the anus
Female perineum
Extends from pubic symphysis to the area around the anus
Functions of Male Reproductive System
Primary function
Produce sperm and deliver them into female body for union with ovum to create new life
Structures of Male Reproductive System
External male genitalia
Penis and scrotum, which contains two testicles
Internal male genitalia
Include remaining structures of male reproductive system
Structures of Male Reproductive System
Structures of Male Reproductive System
Scrotum and Testicles
Scrotum
Sac-like structure that surrounds, protects, and supports testicles
Suspended from pubic arch behind the penis and lies between the thighs
Scrotum and Testicles
Testicles
Two egg-shaped glands that produce sperm
Develop within abdomen of male fetus and normally descend into scrotum before or soon after birth
Seminiferous tubules: site of sperm formation
Epididymis: coiled tube at the upper part of each testicle; descends the length of the testicle, then moves upward to merge into vas deferens
Scrotum and Testicles
Testicles
Spermatic cord
Attached to each testicle
Extends upward from epididymis
Contains vas deferens plus arteries, veins, nerves, and lymphatic vessels for each testicle
Semen Formation
Semen
Whitish fluid containing sperm (male gametes)
Ejaculated through urethra at the peak of male sexual excitement
Spermatogenesis
Process of sperm formation
(spermat/o: sperm; -genesis: formation)
Semen Formation
Ideal temperature for sperm formation is 93.2˚F
Sperm move from seminiferous tubules of testicles into epididymus where they become motile and are stored
Semen Formation
From epididymus, sperm travel to vas deferens where seminal vesicles and prostate gland add secretions to form semen
Penis
Male sex organ
Transports sperm into female vagina
Three columns of erectile tissue
High pressure leads to filling of erectile tissues with blood during sexual stimulation
Penis
Glans penis
Sensitive region at the tip of the penis
Foreskin
Retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane
Covers and protects glans penis
Also known as prepuce
Vas Deferens, Seminal Vesicles, and Ejaculatory Duct
Vas deferens
Long, narrow continuation of each epididymus
Leads upward and join the urethra
Seminal vesicles
Located at the base of urinary bladder
Open.
Survey of Anatomy and Physiology chapter 17cmahon57
This document discusses human reproduction and the reproductive systems. It explains that cells reproduce through mitosis, while sexual reproduction requires meiosis to reduce chromosomes and allow fertilization. The male reproductive system produces sperm through the testes and related structures. The female system produces eggs in the ovaries and has a monthly menstrual cycle regulated by hormones. Fertilization occurs if sperm successfully fertilizes an egg, forming a zygote.
The document summarizes the key structures and functions of the male and female reproductive systems. It identifies the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and penis as the main structures in the male system. It also describes spermatogenesis and the pathway of sperm. In the female system, it identifies the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina as the primary structures. It discusses oogenesis and the ovarian and uterine cycles.
This document provides an overview of the female reproductive system, including its structures and their functions, the menstrual cycle and hormones involved, pregnancy and childbirth, common diagnoses and procedures, and key terms. It defines objectives for learning about the female reproductive system and lists parts like the ovaries, uterus, vagina, and external genitalia. Pathways like the egg's path during the ovarian and menstrual cycles are depicted. Hormones, cycles, fertilization, and prevention of fertilization are outlined. Combining forms and common abbreviations are defined. Diagnostic tests, procedures, and pathological conditions are also detailed.
The document discusses the female reproductive system. It describes the organs including the breasts, fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus, and vagina. It provides details on the structure and functions of the uterus, including its three sections and layers. It also describes the fallopian tubes and their role in transporting eggs and sperm. The document discusses total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (TAH-BSO) surgery to remove the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. It lists some common reasons for having a hysterectomy, including uterine fibroids and cancer. The document introduces robotic hysterectomy as a less invasive alternative to open abdominal hysterectomy.
This document provides an overview of the human reproductive system. It describes the major organs of both the male and female reproductive systems, including their functions in sperm and egg production, sexual intercourse, fertilization, pregnancy, childbirth, and nursing. It also discusses gametogenesis, the process by which gametes (sperm and eggs) are produced through meiosis. Diseases of the reproductive system are also mentioned.
The document summarizes the key functions and anatomy of the male and female reproductive systems. The male system produces sperm and sex hormones, while the female system produces eggs and sex hormones. It nurtures a fetus during pregnancy. Key organs include testes, ovaries, uterus, and other structures that work together to enable reproduction.
The document provides an overview of the human reproductive system. It describes the key functions and structures of both the male and female reproductive systems. In the male system, it explains gametogenesis (sperm production) in the testes and seminiferous tubules, and the role of accessory organs like the vas deferens and seminal vesicles. In the female system, it outlines gametogenesis (egg production) in the ovaries, as well as the functions of structures like the fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina in supporting fertilization and pregnancy. Key reproductive events from fertilization to childbirth are also summarized.
The document summarizes the male and female reproductive systems. It describes the external and internal structures of the male reproductive system including the penis, scrotum, testicles, vas deferens and prostate. It also describes disorders like testicular cancer, torsion, and prostate cancer. The female reproductive system structures discussed include the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina and cervix. Disorders covered are endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease and breast cancer. The document provides information on self exams for testicular cancer and breast cancer.
Human Reproducton and biological change.pptxbholu803201
The document discusses human reproduction and the male and female reproductive systems. It describes the major functions and events of the reproductive system including gametogenesis, fertilization, implantation, and development of the fetus. It provides detailed information on sperm production (spermatogenesis) in the testes and ovaries, and the structures and roles of reproductive organs like the fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina in females and the testes, epididymis, and accessory glands in males.
The document discusses the human reproductive systems of males and females. The male reproductive system includes internal organs like the testes and seminal vesicles, and external organs like the penis and scrotum. Sperm production and the role of male hormones are also described. The female reproductive system includes internal organs like the ovaries and uterus, and external organs like the vulva. Processes like menstruation, fertilization, pregnancy and childbirth are also summarized. Some common disorders of both systems are listed at the end.
The male and female reproductive systems are made up of both internal and external organs involved in sexual reproduction. The male reproductive system produces, maintains, and transports sperm and semen, and discharges sperm into the female reproductive tract. It includes external structures like the penis and scrotum, and internal organs like the vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate gland. The female reproductive system enables reproduction, pregnancy, and childbirth. It includes external genitalia like the labia and clitoris, and internal organs like the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, cervix, and vagina. The uterus has a muscular outer layer and inner lining, and houses and nourishes the developing fetus during pregnancy.
The document summarizes key aspects of human female physiology related to the reproductive system. It describes the anatomy of the female reproductive organs including ovaries, uterus, vagina, and mammary glands. It explains the ovarian cycle, including follicle development and hormone regulation. The uterine cycle is also summarized, along with the hormonal control of both cycles during a normal menstrual period. Fertilization effects on hormone production and pregnancy maintenance are outlined. Finally, it briefly discusses female sexual behavior, fertility, pregnancy, and common contraception methods.
The document summarizes the male and female reproductive systems. It describes the main organs involved in both systems including the testes, ovaries, ducts, and glands. It explains their functions in producing gametes and hormones, as well as their roles in fertilization, pregnancy, and childbirth. The summary focuses on providing a high-level overview of the key components and processes rather than detailed descriptions.
The document discusses the human reproductive system. It describes the key parts and functions of both the male and female reproductive systems. The male system produces sperm and its parts include the testes, vas deferens, penis, and others. The female system supports pregnancy and childbirth, and its parts are the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina. The document also explains the menstrual cycle and how it occurs over a typical 28 day period in females.
18. Pregnancy, Development, and LactationSUNY Ulster
The document describes key processes in pregnancy and lactation including fertilization, implantation, placenta formation, fetal development through the trimesters, parturition, mammary gland development, colostrum production, and lactation. It provides details on the structures and functions of the placenta, umbilical cord, mammary glands, as well as the hormonal factors involved in pregnancy, birth, and nursing.
The male and female reproductive systems have several functions including producing gametes (eggs and sperm), transporting and sustaining these cells, nurturing the developing offspring, and producing hormones.
The male reproductive system includes testes that produce sperm and hormones, ducts that transport sperm, and accessory glands including seminal vesicles and prostate gland that produce fluid for semen.
The female reproductive system includes ovaries that produce eggs and hormones, oviducts that transport eggs, a uterus for pregnancy, a cervix and vagina for delivery, and external genitals.
Ch3 L1 2 Male Female Reproductive Systems 3 2 Useguest39fe8bc
The male and female reproductive systems work together to produce offspring. The male system includes the testes, which produce sperm and testosterone. Sperm mature and are stored in the epididymis before being transported through the vas deferens. During ejaculation, secretions from glands add volume and nutrients to the sperm. Regular self-exams are important for early detection of issues like testicular cancer. The female system includes ovaries that release eggs and a uterus that nourishes a fetus. During menstruation, the uterine lining is shed if no pregnancy occurs. Good hygiene helps prevent infections. Early detection of issues supports treatment of conditions like cervical or ovarian cancers.
Ch3 l1 2 male female reproductive systems-3_2_-usesatiarv
1) The document discusses the male and female reproductive systems, describing the organs and their functions.
2) It emphasizes the importance of good hygiene, health promotion, and seeking early medical care to detect issues and prevent diseases of the reproductive systems.
3) Common diseases and disorders mentioned include testicular cancer, prostate issues, infertility, menstruation problems, and breast cancer.
Ch3 L1 2 Male Female Reproductive Systems 3 2 Useguestff04e9c
The male and female reproductive systems function to produce gametes (eggs and sperm) that unite during fertilization to form a new human being. The male system includes the testes, which produce sperm and testosterone, and other internal structures like the vas deferens and prostate that contribute to semen production. Regular self-exams are important for early detection of issues. The female system includes internal organs like the uterus and ovaries that support pregnancy, as well as external structures. During the menstrual cycle, the endometrium builds up and sheds if no fertilization occurs. Proper hygiene is important for both reproductive systems.
The document summarizes key aspects of the male and female reproductive systems. It describes how a child's birth requires healthy functioning of both the mother and father's reproductive systems, including hormone production and the union of male sperm and female eggs. It then provides details on male anatomy like the testes, sperm production, and role of the prostate and vas deferens. It also covers the female reproductive cycle, ovulation, menstruation, menopause, and the role of the ovaries and fallopian tubes.
Reproductive system and its Classification Vipin Shukla
The document summarizes the human reproductive system and various assisted reproductive technologies (ART). It describes the key parts and functions of the male and female reproductive systems. It then explains the process of reproduction and discusses techniques used in ART like in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), embryo transfer, gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) and surrogacy.
The document summarizes sexual reproduction in animals. It describes the key differences between asexual and sexual reproduction, including that sexual reproduction involves two parents and produces offspring that are genetically different from the parents. It then provides details about the male and female reproductive systems, the process of fertilization, embryonic and fetal development, and childbirth.
The female reproductive system produces eggs and sex hormones, transports eggs to the uterus, sustains a pregnancy, and nourishes a fetus. It includes ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and external genitals. The ovaries contain eggs at various stages of development and release an egg monthly during ovulation. The fallopian tubes transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus. The uterus provides support and nutrients for a developing fetus. The male reproductive system produces and transports sperm. It includes testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, and penis. The testes produce sperm and hormones. Mature sperm are stored in the epididymis and vas deferens until ejaculation
The female reproductive system undergoes changes during adolescence with the onset of puberty between ages 8-13. The ovaries and uterus mature and menstrual periods begin. During ovulation, an egg is released from the ovaries and travels through the fallopian tubes where fertilization may occur. If fertilization does not occur, the uterine lining sheds and a period starts. The male reproductive system also changes during puberty between ages 9-14 as the testes mature and produce sperm and sex hormones. Sperm develop in the testes and travel through the epididymis for storage and maturation before being emitted during ejaculation.
The document summarizes the key parts and functions of the female reproductive system. It describes how the ovaries produce eggs and hormones, the fallopian tubes transport eggs to the uterus, and the uterus provides nourishment for a developing fetus. It also outlines the menstrual cycle and explains how the release of eggs, changes in hormones, and shedding of the uterine lining occur in a monthly cycle. Finally, it briefly discusses the breasts and their role in lactation after pregnancy.
The female reproductive system undergoes maturation during adolescence through puberty. The ovaries and uterus develop and begin producing hormones and eggs. At menarche, a girl's first menstrual period occurs. The reproductive system's main functions are to produce hormones, eggs, and support an embryo. If fertilization does not occur, the uterine lining is shed each month through menstruation.
The document provides information on the male and female reproductive systems, the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and childbirth, contraception, infertility, and other reproductive health topics. It describes the structures and functions of the male and female reproductive organs. It also explains stages of pregnancy and fetal development, the birth process in three stages, and common concerns during pregnancy such as prenatal care and premenstrual syndrome.
The document summarizes the male and female reproductive systems. It describes the external and internal structures of the male reproductive system including the penis, scrotum, testicles, vas deferens and prostate. It also describes disorders like testicular cancer, torsion, and prostate cancer. The female reproductive system structures discussed include the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina and cervix. Disorders covered are endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease and breast cancer. The document provides information on self exams for testicular cancer and breast cancer.
Human Reproducton and biological change.pptxbholu803201
The document discusses human reproduction and the male and female reproductive systems. It describes the major functions and events of the reproductive system including gametogenesis, fertilization, implantation, and development of the fetus. It provides detailed information on sperm production (spermatogenesis) in the testes and ovaries, and the structures and roles of reproductive organs like the fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina in females and the testes, epididymis, and accessory glands in males.
The document discusses the human reproductive systems of males and females. The male reproductive system includes internal organs like the testes and seminal vesicles, and external organs like the penis and scrotum. Sperm production and the role of male hormones are also described. The female reproductive system includes internal organs like the ovaries and uterus, and external organs like the vulva. Processes like menstruation, fertilization, pregnancy and childbirth are also summarized. Some common disorders of both systems are listed at the end.
The male and female reproductive systems are made up of both internal and external organs involved in sexual reproduction. The male reproductive system produces, maintains, and transports sperm and semen, and discharges sperm into the female reproductive tract. It includes external structures like the penis and scrotum, and internal organs like the vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate gland. The female reproductive system enables reproduction, pregnancy, and childbirth. It includes external genitalia like the labia and clitoris, and internal organs like the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, cervix, and vagina. The uterus has a muscular outer layer and inner lining, and houses and nourishes the developing fetus during pregnancy.
The document summarizes key aspects of human female physiology related to the reproductive system. It describes the anatomy of the female reproductive organs including ovaries, uterus, vagina, and mammary glands. It explains the ovarian cycle, including follicle development and hormone regulation. The uterine cycle is also summarized, along with the hormonal control of both cycles during a normal menstrual period. Fertilization effects on hormone production and pregnancy maintenance are outlined. Finally, it briefly discusses female sexual behavior, fertility, pregnancy, and common contraception methods.
The document summarizes the male and female reproductive systems. It describes the main organs involved in both systems including the testes, ovaries, ducts, and glands. It explains their functions in producing gametes and hormones, as well as their roles in fertilization, pregnancy, and childbirth. The summary focuses on providing a high-level overview of the key components and processes rather than detailed descriptions.
The document discusses the human reproductive system. It describes the key parts and functions of both the male and female reproductive systems. The male system produces sperm and its parts include the testes, vas deferens, penis, and others. The female system supports pregnancy and childbirth, and its parts are the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina. The document also explains the menstrual cycle and how it occurs over a typical 28 day period in females.
18. Pregnancy, Development, and LactationSUNY Ulster
The document describes key processes in pregnancy and lactation including fertilization, implantation, placenta formation, fetal development through the trimesters, parturition, mammary gland development, colostrum production, and lactation. It provides details on the structures and functions of the placenta, umbilical cord, mammary glands, as well as the hormonal factors involved in pregnancy, birth, and nursing.
The male and female reproductive systems have several functions including producing gametes (eggs and sperm), transporting and sustaining these cells, nurturing the developing offspring, and producing hormones.
The male reproductive system includes testes that produce sperm and hormones, ducts that transport sperm, and accessory glands including seminal vesicles and prostate gland that produce fluid for semen.
The female reproductive system includes ovaries that produce eggs and hormones, oviducts that transport eggs, a uterus for pregnancy, a cervix and vagina for delivery, and external genitals.
Ch3 L1 2 Male Female Reproductive Systems 3 2 Useguest39fe8bc
The male and female reproductive systems work together to produce offspring. The male system includes the testes, which produce sperm and testosterone. Sperm mature and are stored in the epididymis before being transported through the vas deferens. During ejaculation, secretions from glands add volume and nutrients to the sperm. Regular self-exams are important for early detection of issues like testicular cancer. The female system includes ovaries that release eggs and a uterus that nourishes a fetus. During menstruation, the uterine lining is shed if no pregnancy occurs. Good hygiene helps prevent infections. Early detection of issues supports treatment of conditions like cervical or ovarian cancers.
Ch3 l1 2 male female reproductive systems-3_2_-usesatiarv
1) The document discusses the male and female reproductive systems, describing the organs and their functions.
2) It emphasizes the importance of good hygiene, health promotion, and seeking early medical care to detect issues and prevent diseases of the reproductive systems.
3) Common diseases and disorders mentioned include testicular cancer, prostate issues, infertility, menstruation problems, and breast cancer.
Ch3 L1 2 Male Female Reproductive Systems 3 2 Useguestff04e9c
The male and female reproductive systems function to produce gametes (eggs and sperm) that unite during fertilization to form a new human being. The male system includes the testes, which produce sperm and testosterone, and other internal structures like the vas deferens and prostate that contribute to semen production. Regular self-exams are important for early detection of issues. The female system includes internal organs like the uterus and ovaries that support pregnancy, as well as external structures. During the menstrual cycle, the endometrium builds up and sheds if no fertilization occurs. Proper hygiene is important for both reproductive systems.
The document summarizes key aspects of the male and female reproductive systems. It describes how a child's birth requires healthy functioning of both the mother and father's reproductive systems, including hormone production and the union of male sperm and female eggs. It then provides details on male anatomy like the testes, sperm production, and role of the prostate and vas deferens. It also covers the female reproductive cycle, ovulation, menstruation, menopause, and the role of the ovaries and fallopian tubes.
Reproductive system and its Classification Vipin Shukla
The document summarizes the human reproductive system and various assisted reproductive technologies (ART). It describes the key parts and functions of the male and female reproductive systems. It then explains the process of reproduction and discusses techniques used in ART like in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), embryo transfer, gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) and surrogacy.
The document summarizes sexual reproduction in animals. It describes the key differences between asexual and sexual reproduction, including that sexual reproduction involves two parents and produces offspring that are genetically different from the parents. It then provides details about the male and female reproductive systems, the process of fertilization, embryonic and fetal development, and childbirth.
The female reproductive system produces eggs and sex hormones, transports eggs to the uterus, sustains a pregnancy, and nourishes a fetus. It includes ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and external genitals. The ovaries contain eggs at various stages of development and release an egg monthly during ovulation. The fallopian tubes transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus. The uterus provides support and nutrients for a developing fetus. The male reproductive system produces and transports sperm. It includes testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, and penis. The testes produce sperm and hormones. Mature sperm are stored in the epididymis and vas deferens until ejaculation
The female reproductive system undergoes changes during adolescence with the onset of puberty between ages 8-13. The ovaries and uterus mature and menstrual periods begin. During ovulation, an egg is released from the ovaries and travels through the fallopian tubes where fertilization may occur. If fertilization does not occur, the uterine lining sheds and a period starts. The male reproductive system also changes during puberty between ages 9-14 as the testes mature and produce sperm and sex hormones. Sperm develop in the testes and travel through the epididymis for storage and maturation before being emitted during ejaculation.
The document summarizes the key parts and functions of the female reproductive system. It describes how the ovaries produce eggs and hormones, the fallopian tubes transport eggs to the uterus, and the uterus provides nourishment for a developing fetus. It also outlines the menstrual cycle and explains how the release of eggs, changes in hormones, and shedding of the uterine lining occur in a monthly cycle. Finally, it briefly discusses the breasts and their role in lactation after pregnancy.
The female reproductive system undergoes maturation during adolescence through puberty. The ovaries and uterus develop and begin producing hormones and eggs. At menarche, a girl's first menstrual period occurs. The reproductive system's main functions are to produce hormones, eggs, and support an embryo. If fertilization does not occur, the uterine lining is shed each month through menstruation.
The document provides information on the male and female reproductive systems, the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and childbirth, contraception, infertility, and other reproductive health topics. It describes the structures and functions of the male and female reproductive organs. It also explains stages of pregnancy and fetal development, the birth process in three stages, and common concerns during pregnancy such as prenatal care and premenstrual syndrome.
Similar to 12 Reproductive system.pdf11111111111111 (20)
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
ESPP presentation to EU Waste Water Network, 4th June 2024 “EU policies driving nutrient removal and recycling
and the revised UWWTD (Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive)”
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...AbdullaAlAsif1
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
2. Reproductive system
• The primary function of the reproductive system is to perpetuate life.
• The reproductive process begins with fertilization, which occurs when
sex cells called gametes fuse.
• Male gametes are known as sperm and female gametes are known as
oocytes.
• The name for the organ that produces a gamete is gonad.
• Male gonads are testes, whereas female gonads are ovaries.
3. Reproductive system
• The single cell formed at fertilization (the fusion of a sperm with an
oocyte) is called a zygote.
• A zygote contains more than a trillion molecules, despite its diameter of
only 0.1 mm.
• These trillion or so molecules all communicate and work together
forming a human organism.
4. Word parts related to Reproductive system
Word Part Meaning
amni/o amnion
balan/o glans penis
cervic/o cervix, neck
circum/o around
colp/o vagina
gonad/o gonads, sex glands
gynec/o woman, female
hyster/o uterus
lact/o milk
5. Word parts related to Reproductive system
Word Part Meaning
oophor/o ovary, egg-bearing
orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o testes
ovari/o ovary, egg-bearing
prostat/o prostate gland
mamm/o breast
mast/o breast
men/o menses, menstruation
metr/o uterus
nat/o birth
6. Word parts related to Reproductive system
Word part meaning
salping/o tube, uterine tube
sperm/o, spermat/o sperm
uter/o uterus
vagin/o vagina
vas/o vessel, vas deferens
7. Abbreviations related Reproductive system
Abbreviation Meaning
C-section cesarean section
OB obstetrics
PID pelvic inflammatory disease
STD sexually transmitted disease
A abortus
EDD estimated date of delivery (due date)
GYN gynecology
LMP last menstrual period
HSV herpes simplex virus
8. Medical terms related Reproductive system
term definition
fertilization the joining of the male and female gametes
fetus
gamete term given to both the sex cells; female oocyte and male
sperm
fallopian tubes tubular structures between the ovaries and the uterus;
uterine tubes
gonad gamete-generating organ (ovary or testis)
family)
lactation milk production
menopause normal stopping of the monthly menstrual cycle (periods)
myometrium the muscular wall of the uterus
9. Medical terms related Reproductive system
term definition
placenta a spongy organ that is attached to the fetus by the
umbilical cord and that provides nourishment to the
fetus
prostate male gland that produces and stores prostatic fluid, a
fluid medium that is part of semen; prostate gland
testes the organs that produce and store the male gametes
testosterone the male reproductive hormone
10. Disorders related Reproductive system
term definition
cervicitis inflammation of the uterine cervix
ectopic out of place; a pregnancy occurring elsewhere than in the uterus
hydrocele hernia filled with fluid in the testes
hysteralgia pain in the uterus
mastitis inflammation of the breast
oophoritis inflammation of an ovary; ovaritis
prostatitis inflammation of the prostate
11. Diagnostic Tests, Treatments, And Surgical Procedures
Term Definition
Circumcision a surgical procedure to remove the foreskin of the penis
Orchiectomy removal of one or both testes
Orchioplasty surgical repair of a testis
Varicocelectomy the removal of a portion of an enlarged vein to remove
a varicocele
Vasovasostomy procedure to restore fertility to a vasectomized male by
reconnecting the ductus (vas) deferens
Colposcopy visual examination of the tissues of the cervix and
vagina using a surgical instrument called a colposcope
Cone biops surgical removal of a cone-shaped section of the cervix
12. Diagnostic Tests, Treatments, And Surgical Procedures
Term Definition
Laparoscopy visual examination of the interior of the abdomen by
means of a surgical instrument called a laparoscope
Oophorectomy removal of one ovary
Hysterectomy surgical removal of the uterus
Mammography radiographic examination of the breast
Mastectomy removal of a breast