The document discusses power factor correction (PFC) methods. It explains that reactive power sustains electromagnetic fields while active power performs work. A low power factor is expensive and inefficient for utilities. Power factor is the ratio of active to apparent power. PFC can be achieved through capacitors that compensate for inductive loads, reducing the burden on supplies. Benefits of PFC include reduced electricity charges, elimination of utility penalties, reduced equipment losses and heat, and prolonged equipment life.

1. 1

2.  In the last class, we have seen about the
tariff rate and the types of tariff rate which
is being utiliized for the certain power
requirement management and mainly the
agricultural activities.
 In today’s class, we will see how to remove
the already assigned value of power which
appears to be wrong and not satisfied by the
system with the help of power factor
triangle.

3. Active power actually performs the work and is measured in kW. This is
also what is read on a wattmeter.
Reactive power sustains the electromagnetic field and is measured in
kvar.

4.  Power Factor is the measurement of how effectively your business uses
the electricity supplied to your site
 Ideal Power Factor is unity or 1, anything less than 1 means that extra
power is required to achieve the necessary tasks.
The higher the power factor, the more effectively electrical power
is being used and vice versa.
 Low Power Factor is expensive and inefficient, with many utility
companies charging extra, (reactive power charge), for sites with a poor
power factor
 Low Power Factor can also reduce the capacity of your electrical
distribution system by increasing current flow and causing voltage
drops.

5. Power Factor is the ratio of true power to apparent power
Power Factor = KW
KVA

6.  Power Factor Correction is the term given to a technology to restore Power
Factor to as close to unity as economically viable
 This can be achieved by adding Power Factor Correction capacitors to the
distribution system which provide or compensate for the Reactive Power
demand of the inductive load, and thus reduce the burden on the supply
 Capacitors work as reactive current generators “providing” needed
reactive power (KVAr) into the power supply
 By supplying their own source of reactive power, the industrial user frees
the utility from having to supply it, and therefore the total amount of
apparent power supplied by the utility will be less.
 Power Factor Correction Capacitors reduce the total current drawn from
the distribution system and subsequently increase the system’s capacity
by raising the Power Factor level.

8.  A reduction in electricity charges
 Elimination of utility power factor penalties, which can increase electrical
bills by up to 20%
 Reduction in I²R losses of transformers and distribution equipment
 Prolonging the life of equipment from reduced heat in cables,
switchgear, transformers and alternators
 Reduced voltage drop in cables, allowing the same cable to supply a
larger motor and improving the starting of motors at the end of the
long cable runs

11.  With the help of PFC method, a reduction
in electricity charges
 Prolonging the life of equipment from
reduced heat in cables, switchgear,
transformers and alternators.
 Reduced voltage drop in cables, allowing
the same cable to supply a larger motor
and improving the starting of motors at
the end of the long cable runs.