The document discusses nutritional assessment in children. It outlines the learning objectives, which are to understand children's nutritional requirements, discuss the purpose of nutritional assessment, and explain comprehensive assessment methods. The lecture then defines nutritional status and optimal nutrition, discusses daily requirements for water, calories, protein and minerals. It describes nutritional screening and comprehensive assessment, which includes diet history, physical exam, anthropometrics, and lab tests. Common assessment methods and measurements are outlined, including weight, BMI, skin fold thickness, and laboratory values.
Nutritional assessment using anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and dietary methods with a larger understanding of anthropometric methods used in Ethiopia
Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), sometimes called protein-energy undernutrition (PEU), is a form of malnutrition that is defined as a range of pathological conditions arising from a coincident lack of dietary protein and/or energy (calories) in varying proportions.
Weighing of the child at regular intervals, the plotting of that weight on a graph (called a growth chart) enabling one to see changes in weight, and giving advice to the mother based on this weight change is called ‘GROWTH MONITORING’
Nutritional assessment using anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and dietary methods with a larger understanding of anthropometric methods used in Ethiopia
Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), sometimes called protein-energy undernutrition (PEU), is a form of malnutrition that is defined as a range of pathological conditions arising from a coincident lack of dietary protein and/or energy (calories) in varying proportions.
Weighing of the child at regular intervals, the plotting of that weight on a graph (called a growth chart) enabling one to see changes in weight, and giving advice to the mother based on this weight change is called ‘GROWTH MONITORING’
Infant and young child feeding ppt describe the nutritional needs of infant and child. Exclusive breastfeeding for six months and complementary feeding for the child. avoid formula feeding for the child and continue breastfeeding for 24 months.
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Undergraduate/Post-graduate Learning material on the basic concepts of dietary goals and balanced diet with assignments.
Also discussion on PEM management and Prevention.
definition of malnutrition, the definition of protein-energy malnutrition , the etiology 0f protein-energy malnutrition, the pathophysiology of malnutrition, features of marasmus, features of kwashiorkor, vitamins and micronutrient deficiencies, signs of micronutrients deficiency, diagnosis, management of malnutrition,prognosis of malnutrition ,prevention of malnutrition
Infant and young child feeding ppt describe the nutritional needs of infant and child. Exclusive breastfeeding for six months and complementary feeding for the child. avoid formula feeding for the child and continue breastfeeding for 24 months.
A discourse the ideal feeding practices from pregnancy to infancy with a closer look into malnutrition, breastfeeding, complementary feeding and related interventions.
Epidemiology of Childhood Malnutrition in India and strategies of controlsourav goswami
This presentation includes the epidemiology of childhood malnutrition in India. the problems and challenges that are being faced in the improvement of the condition and the different strategies for its control.
Supplementary nutritional programmes in indiaDrBabu Meena
This presentation was made to describe the scarcity of food in the country and to teach about the steps taken by the government. This decribes about the various nutritional supplementation progammes in the India, their advantage and disadvantages.
Undergraduate/Post-graduate Learning material on the basic concepts of dietary goals and balanced diet with assignments.
Also discussion on PEM management and Prevention.
definition of malnutrition, the definition of protein-energy malnutrition , the etiology 0f protein-energy malnutrition, the pathophysiology of malnutrition, features of marasmus, features of kwashiorkor, vitamins and micronutrient deficiencies, signs of micronutrients deficiency, diagnosis, management of malnutrition,prognosis of malnutrition ,prevention of malnutrition
Nutritional deficiency and disorder.pptxSunita Poudel
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
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Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
2. Nutritional Assessment
Prepared By
Mrs.Benazeera
Assistant Professor
Dept. Child Health Nursing
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Reviewer
Prof.Umarani.J
Vice -Principal
Dept. Child Health Nursing
Reviewer
Dr.Priya
Aossicate Professor
Dept. Child Health Nursing
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Learning Objectives
At the end of the lecture the students will be able to
1. Understand the nutrition requirement in children
2. Discuss the purpose of nutritional assessment in
children
3. Explain the comprehensive methods of nutritional
assessment in children
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Nutritional Status
• Refers to the degree of balance between
nutrient intake and nutrient requirement.
• This balance is affected by many factors ,
including physiologic, psychological,
developmental, cultural, and economic.
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Optimal nutrition :
• sufficient nutrients are consumed to support day to day body
needs and any increased metabolic demands . (growth , illness ,
pregnancy ).
• Under nutrition: Nutrient intake is inadequate to meet day to day
need or add metabolic demand .
• Over nutrition: Consumption of nutrient in excess of body need
6. Nutritional requirement in children
Recommended Daily allowances [RDA][Daily requirements of
water and calories
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Age range Water requirements(Ml/kg) Calorie requirements(cal/kg)
First 3days 80-100 120
3-10days 125-150 120
15days to 3months 140-160 120
3-12months 150 105-115
1-3Years 125 100
4-6Years 100 90
7-9Years 75 80
10-12Years 50 70
13-15Years 50 60
16-19Years 50 50
Adults 50 40
7. Recommended Daily allowances [RDA]
[Recommended protein allowances]
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Group Age G/day
Infant 0-3months 2.3(milk protein)
3-6months 1.8(milk protein)
6-9months 1.65(milk protein)
9-12months 1.5(milk protein)
Children 1-3years 22
4-6years 30
7-9years 41
Adolescents Male Females
10-12years 54 57
13-15years 70 65
16-18years 78 63
8. Recommended Daily allowances [RDA]
[Daily requirement of minerals]
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Minerals Age group Requirements
IRON INFANTS 1mg/day
1-3Years 12mg/day
4-6Years 18mg/day
7-9Years 26mg/day
10-12Years Boys:34mg/day
Girls: 19mg/day
13-15Years Boys:41mg/day
Girls: 28mg/day
16-18Years Boys:50mg/day
Girls: 30mg/day
Calcium Infants 500mg
1-9years 400mg
10-15years 600mg
16-18years 500mg
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Nutritional Assessment
A comprehensive analysis of a person's nutrition
status that uses historical information , food
intake data , anthropometric measurements ,
physical examination & biochemical data.
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Nutrition screening
• Parameters used for nutrition screening typically
include weight and height, history collection,
conditions associated with increased nutritional
risk, diet information and routine laboratory
data.
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Comprehensive
nutritional assessment
• diet history and clinical information.
• physical examination for clinical signs .
• anthropometric measures .
• laboratory test .
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• Methods for collecting current dietary intake
information:
• 24-hour recall: Is a guided interview in which an
individual recounts all of the food & beverages
consumed in the past 24 hours or during the previous
day.
• Food frequency questionnaire: A survey of food routinely
consumed
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Cont…
• Food diaries: A detailed log (record of events) of
food eaten during a specified time period ,
usually several days.
• Direct observation: Just by observing food
intake of the individual directly in a facility.
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Process of Nutritional assessment
• Assessment:
• Subjective data:
• 1.Eating patterns :number of meal ,Kind, amount, preference, where is eaten,
religious and cultural restriction, able to feed self. 2.Usual weight.:
• 3.Changes in appetite, taste ,smell, chewing, swallowing.
• 4.Recent surgery, trauma, burns, infection.
• 5.Family history and chronic illnesses: (e.g. obesity, GI disorder, DM,
HTN,CANCER.)
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• 6. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation.
• 7. Food allergies or intolerance.
• 8.Medication and/or supplements.
• 9.Self care behaviors
• 10. Exercise and activity patterns.
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Objective data:
• General appearance: provide clues to overall
nutritional status. (obese, cachectic (fat and
muscle wasting), or edematous)
• Physical assessment and anthropometric
findings for signs of poor nutrition.
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Anthropometric measurement:
It Measures, evaluate growth, development, and body
composition.
Most common anthropometric measures:
•Height or length, Weight.
•Arm and head circumference, Waist circumference.
•Body mass index,
•Triceps skin-fold thickness.
•Elbow breadth.
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WEIGHT
• Expected weight calculation as per formula
• Degree of Malnutrition = Actual weight ÷Expected weight X 100
• Interpretation:
• Normal: 90–100%
• Mild: Grade I (1st degree)75–89%
• Moderate: Grade II (2nd degree)60–74%
• Severe: Grade III (3rd degree)<60%
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• practical marker of
optimal weight for height
and indicator of obesity
or under nutrition.
• Normal : 18.5 to 25
Body mass index
24. Waist-hip ratio
• To assess body fat
distribution .
• 1.0 or more in men the
person is obese .
• If the women 0 .8 or more
the women is obese
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25. Skin fold thickness
• Measurements provide
an estimate of body fat
stores or the extent of
obesity or under
nutrition.(biceps,
subcapsular, suprailiac
skinfolds).
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Mid-upper arm
circumference (MAC)
• It estimates skeletal muscle mass and fat stores.
• Children > 13.5 is normal
• Normal MAC for 20years old female range from
23- 34.5 cm, and male range from 27.2-37.2 cm.
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Laboratory studies
• Important because it can detect preclinical
nutritional deficiencies
• Glucose: plasma glucose level. N(60-110
mg/dl), HBA1C
• Hemoglobin. To detect iron deficiency
anemia .(M:14-18) (F:12-16)
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Hematocrit
• measure cell volume also an indicator of iron
status (M: 37% -49% ) (F :36%to46% ) -low value
indicate insufficient hemoglobin formation .
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Triglycerides
• used to screen for hyperlipidemia and to
determine the risk of CAD. N(< 150mg /dl
31. Summary
A nutrition assessment is an in-
depth evaluation of both objective and
subjective data related to an individual's food
and nutrient intake, lifestyle, and medical
history. Once the data on an individual is
collected and organized, the practitioner
can assess and evaluate the nutritional status
of a child.
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32. Evaluation
1.What is the normal mid arm-circumference in
Children?
2. Mention the comprehensive methods of
nutritional assessment
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33. References
1. Dorothy R.Marlow, Barbara A.Redding
.Malow’s.Textbook of Paediatric Nursing.South
Asian Edition;2013 Elsevier:110-120.
2. Kyle T.Essentials of Pediatric Nursing; New
Delhi; Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd; 2009.
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