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# 10 Cold War
- 3. Cold War: SuperpowersFace Off Learning Objectives 1. Analyze the main objectives of both the United States and the Soviet Union in the post war era, and decide which country best achieved their goals. 2. Develop a chart that shows U.S. and Soviet actions prior to the Cold War, and determine which country was most responsible for the conflict. 3. Create a political cartoon depicting capitalism or communism from the perspective of the opposing country.
- 4. Kickoff Question: SuperpowersFace Off
- 5. Main Idea: SuperpowersFace Off
- 6. Yalta: 4 Zones,Reparations, Free Elections Berlin Airlift: East Germany, East Berlin USSR Builds A Buffer in East- ‘Satellite Nations’ Iron Curtain Divides East and West Europe A Different World War For Two Countries… Policy of Containment $$$$ Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan $$ Rival Alliances- NATO vs. WARSAW United Nations Formed (Prevent Aggressors) Communism vs. Capitalism Bring The World to ‘Brinksmanship’ Cold War: Superpowers Face Off
- 9. U.S. Actions SovietActions
- 10. U.S. Actions SovietActions Marshall Plan Aid to Greece & Turkey Containment Policy Truman Doctrine Berlin Airlift No Free Elections Reparations $$$ Control of East Europe Berlin Blockade
- 11. The U.S. WantedTo… The Soviets Wanted To… Give Nations Self-Determination in Elections Gain Access to Raw materials and Markets for its Industries Rebuild European Governments to Ensure Stability for U.S. Markets Reunite Germany Encourage Communism in Other Countries As Part of the World Struggle Between Workers and Wealthy Rebuild It’s Economy Control East Europe to Balance U.S. Control of West Keep Germany Divided & Weak so it Would Never Attack
- 12. Connecting the Notes:Superpowers Face Off
- 13. Exit Slip Question:Superpowers Face Off
- 15. Communists Take Powerin China Learning Objectives 1. Understand how the Chinese civil war and the ultimate Communist takeover led to increased Cold War tensions between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. 2. Make a two column chart that shows the causes and effects of the Communist revolution in China. 3. Sketch a recreation of a typical Chinese peasant commune created by Mao Zedong in 1958.
- 16. Main Idea: CommunistsTake Power in China
- 17. Kickoff Question: CommunistsTake Power in China
- 18. Jiang Jieshi (So)vs. Mao Zedong (Nor) Soviet Union and China End ‘Relationship’ Japan Leaves China = North / South Civil War Containment ($) Fails! North Wins, 2 China’s Chiang’s Gov. Corrupt, Zedong Helps Poor Mao Gave Land to Peasants, ‘Communes’ Communal Dorms, Dining, & Living = Failed Mao and ‘Red Guards’ Try Cultural Revolution U.S. Supports Nationalist Jiang w/ $$$$ Mao Zedong Attempts to Make China a World Power Communists Take Power in China
- 19.
- 20. Causes Effects Nationalists and Communistsface off in a Chinese Civil War. Communist Forces Led By Mao Zedong Won Support By Winning Over Peasant Population 10 % of the Population Controlled 70 % of the Farmland. Mao Zedong Divided Land Among Peasants and Forced Many to Live in Collective Communes. Communist Party Wanted to Create Social Equality in China. The Young “Red Guard” Army Attempted to Defeat Mao’s Enemies. This Led to Even More Instability.
- 21. Connecting The Notes:Communists Take Power in China
- 22. Exit Slip Question:Communists Take Power in China
- 24. Main Idea: Warsin Korea and Vietnam
- 25. Kickoff Question: Warsin Korea and Vietnam
- 26. Containment: Stop Spreadof Communism 1964-1975: Guerilla Warfare, Bad South Gov… Korean War = Back and Forth 3 Year Stalemate China Helps North Korea, US Leaves 1953 North=Communist, South=Western Influence France Leaves Vietnam 1954…Domino Theory? N. Vietnam Communist, S. Vietnam Dictator 1975 Leave Vietnam- 58,000 U.S. Troops Dead 38th Parallel Line Divides Korea Containment Policy Leads to Death and Two Stalemate Wars Wars in Korea and Vietnam
- 28. Neither Side Gained an Advantage Soviet-supported NorthVietnamese Won the war U.S. and Soviet Involvement Stemmed from Cold War Land was Destroyed Millions Died
- 29. Connecting The Notes:Wars in Korea and Vietnam
- 30. Exit Slip Question:Wars in Korea and Vietnam
- 32. Main Idea: TheCold War Divides the World
- 33. Kickoff Question: TheCold War Divides the World
- 34. 1st Industrialized 2nd Communist 3rd Developing Iran-U.S.Supports Shah, Ayatollah = Anti-West Influence?: Back Wars, Spy, Military Aid, $$$$ Cuba- Fidel Castro = Nationalize Economy “Hot Spots” = Democracy or Communism? U.S. Trained Anti-Castro Exiles: Bay of Pigs Soviets Respond by Building Missiles in Cuba Ayatollah (Iran) v. Saddam (Iraq)=Support Both Unstable Areas: Latin America, Asia, Africa Democracy vs. Communism: Struggle for Influence in Various Hot Spots The Cold War Divides the World
- 35. The two superpowerstried to win allies by giving financial aid to other nations. For instance, Egypt took aid from the Soviet Union to build the Aswan High Dam. Fearing the enemy might be gaining an advantage, each side spied on the other. One famous incident was the Soviet downing of a U.S. U-2 spy plane in 1960. To gain the support of other nations, both the Soviet Union and the United States entered into alliances. Two examples of this were NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Both superpowers used propaganda to try to win support overseas. For example, Radio Free Europe broadcast radio programs about the rest of the world into Eastern Europe. The policy of brinkmanship meant going to the brink of war to make the other side back down. One example is the Cuban Missile Crisis. The word surrogate means substitute. Although the United States and the Soviet Union did not fight each other directly, they fought indirectly by backing opposing sides in many smaller conflicts.
- 36. Connecting The Notes:The Cold War Divides the World
- 37. Exit Slip Question:The Cold War Divides the World
- 39. Main Idea: TheCold War Thaws
- 40. Kickoff Question: TheCold War Thaws
- 41. 1950s & 1960s-Eastern Europe Protests USSR Nixon Visits China and USSR: SALT I Treaty Brezhnev (Strict) Replaces Khrushchev (Weak) Brezhnev Invades Czech (Becoming too Weak) 1956- Hungary Protests Communism- Defeated Soviets and Chinese End Their Alliance U.S. Détente (less tensions) NOT Brinkmanship Reagan Moves Away from Détente Policy Nikita Khrushchev: Destalinization Campaign The Cold War ‘Stabilizes’ Under New Leadership in U.S. & Soviet Union The Cold War Thaws
- 42. Connecting The Notes:The Cold War Thaws
- 43. Exit Slip Question:The Cold War Thaws
- 45. Main Idea: TheCollapse of the Soviet Union
- 46. Kickoff Question: TheCollapse of the Soviet Union
- 47. Brezhnev Dies 1982:Who Takes Over USSR? Boris Yeltsin Gains Support of Parliament Churches Open, Prisoners Released, Free Press Reform Economy? Perestroika Policy… Gorbachev Glasnost Policy: Promote Openness Small Business Ok & Managers Gain Authority Democratization: Open Political Systems Gorbachev Attempts Coup, Fails, Comm. Over Mikhail Gorbachev- Young, Energetic, New Gorbachev’s Failed Attempt at a Communist Coup - USSR Collapses The Collapse of the Soviet Union
- 49. = Openness Churches Opened PoliticalPrisoners Released Banned Authors Allowed To Publish Books Again Okay for Reporters to Criticize Officials = Economic Restructuring Managers of Farms and Factories Could Make More Decisions on Their Own People Could Open Small Private Businesses Tried to Preserve Communism Gradual Opening of the Political System Election of a New Group of Lawmakers Communist Party No Longer Chose All Candidates
- 50. Connecting The Notes:The Collapse of the Soviet Union
- 51. Exit Slip Question:The Collapse of the Soviet Union