Coldwarbegins
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The document discusses the origins of the Cold War between 1945-1948, focusing on the breakdown of the wartime alliance between the US and USSR. It highlights the importance of the Yalta and Potsdam conferences in 1945 in discussing post-war arrangements as tensions emerged between the two new superpowers over the future of liberated countries in Eastern Europe and their differing economic ideologies of capitalism versus communism.
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Cold War Begins
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2) The US and USSR emerged from the war as the only true "superpowers" but had very different economic ideologies of capitalism vs communism.
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The document summarizes key events in the origins of the Cold War between 1945-1949:
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2) At Potsdam in 1945, the new leaders of the USA and UK disagreed with Stalin over reparations and the occupation of Japan.
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After World War II, tensions grew between the United States and Soviet Union as their wartime alliance broke down. They became rivals known as superpowers during the Cold War, an era of hostility without direct military conflict. The document discusses several events that contributed to the start of the Cold War, including disagreements over Poland's borders at Yalta, the USSR establishing a "buffer zone" of communist nations in Eastern Europe, and differing economic ideologies between capitalism and communism.
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1) The document provides notes on the end of the Cold War, including the weakening of the USSR in the 1970s-1980s due to economic stagnation and the costly arms race and war in Afghanistan.
2) Mikhail Gorbachev instituted reforms of "perestroika" and "glasnost" in the USSR to try to save the communist system, with limited success.
3) In 1989, Gorbachev let the nations of the Warsaw Pact set their own paths, leading to the fall of communist governments in Eastern Europe and the tearing down of the Berlin Wall.
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World War 2 caused tensions between the USA and USSR that led to the Cold War:
- The USSR signed a pact with Germany before WWII, angering the US. During the war, Stalin pressured the US and UK to invade Western Europe to relieve pressure on Russian forces.
- At Yalta and Potsdam conferences to plan post-war Europe, the US and USSR disagreed over issues like free elections and Soviet control of Poland, foreshadowing future conflict.
- As the war ended, the USSR took control of Eastern Europe while the US developed nuclear weapons without sharing the technology, violating agreements and straining relations further.
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After World War II, tensions arose between the US and Soviet Union due to disagreements over politics and economics, starting the Cold War. President Truman implemented the policy of containment to limit the spread of communism and instead promote democracy. This included the Truman Doctrine, which provided financial aid to countries to prevent them from becoming communist, and the Marshall Plan, which gave $12.5 billion to Western Europe for rebuilding to prevent the spread of communism there.
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The Cold War originated between the U.S. and USSR after WWII as they emerged as two superpowers competing for global influence and ideological dominance. Tensions grew as Stalin sought to spread communism in Eastern Europe against the wishes of the U.S. and UK. The ideological differences between capitalism and communism, as well as the arms race between the two sides, exacerbated the conflict and divided the world into two spheres of influence, leading to the emergence of the Cold War.
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The document discusses differing historical perspectives on the origins of the Cold War and who was responsible. It argues that while the Soviet Union under Stalin sought to expand communist influence in Eastern Europe, Stalin's actions were largely defensive in nature given longstanding Western attacks on the USSR. The document asserts that the United States, through policies like the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan, took an overly aggressive and provocative stance towards the Soviet Union that ultimately did more to trigger the Cold War than Stalin's ambitions alone. Overall, the document concludes the United States deserves most of the blame for causing the onset of the Cold War due to its unnecessary hostility towards the USSR.
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The document provides an overview of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War 2. It describes how the two superpowers competed for global influence and power through nuclear weapons development and involvement in conflicts around the world. Key events of tension included the Korean War, the building of the Berlin Wall, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Vietnam War, as both sides sought to prevent the other's ideology from spreading further.
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The document summarizes key events in the origins of the Cold War between 1945-1949:
1) Leaders from the USA, UK, and USSR met at the Yalta Conference in 1945 and agreed to divide Germany and Berlin into occupation zones, but disagreed on Poland's borders.
2) At Potsdam in 1945, the new leaders of the USA and UK disagreed with Stalin over reparations and the occupation of Japan.
3) Stalin ensured pro-Communist governments in Eastern Europe and interpreted the US's actions as a threat, leading to the Berlin Blockade in 1948.
4) The USA responded to the blockade by flying in supplies to West Berlin, and established NATO in
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The document summarizes key events at the origins of the Cold War, including rising tensions between the U.S. and Soviet Union after WWII; Stalin extending his power by installing communist governments across Eastern Europe, known as the Iron Curtain; the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan aiming to stop communism's spread; the Berlin Airlift resupplying West Berlin after the Soviet blockade; and the formation of NATO as a military alliance between Western nations.
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The post-World War II alliance between the US and Soviet Union unraveled as their differences in ideology and goals for postwar Europe emerged. The Soviets expanded their control over Eastern Europe, establishing satellite states separated from the West by an "Iron Curtain." In response, the US implemented the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan to contain communism and rebuild the West. When Stalin blockaded West Berlin, the US conducted the Berlin Airlift to break the blockade and demonstrate its commitment to defending democracy. These actions marked the start of the Cold War between the US and Soviet Union and their respective military alliances, NATO and the Warsaw Pact.
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The Cold War was an ideological war between the United States and the Soviet Union from 1945-1991. Each country tried to outdo the other by spreading their political and economic systems across the world through military alliances, arms build up, and proxy wars. Tensions escalated during events like the Berlin Blockade, Cuban Missile Crisis, and Vietnam War. The Cold War ended as Soviet leader Gorbachev instituted reforms allowing democratic elections, leading Eastern European countries to overthrow communist regimes and ultimately the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
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The document summarizes key aspects and events of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union from the 1940s to 1990s, including the ideological divide between communism and capitalism, divisions in Europe and Asia following WWII, arms races and space races between the two superpowers, proxy wars in regions like Korea and Vietnam, and the ultimate collapse of communist governments in Eastern Europe and USSR in the late 1980s and early 1990s. It also provides context on the document being a history class outline and schedules student presentations and an essay test for the following week.
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The wartime alliance between the US and USSR broke down following World War 2, as their ideological differences emerged without a common enemy. Both sides pursued their own strategic interests in postwar Europe, with the USSR seeking a buffer of friendly states and the US wanting to contain Soviet influence. This tension was exacerbated by lingering distrust from past conflicts and each country backing opposing factions in newly liberated nations, dividing Europe between Western and Soviet spheres of influence. While the Yalta and Potsdam conferences aimed to establish peace, disagreements over reparations, occupation policies, and governance of Eastern Europe marked the beginning of the Cold War between the two emerging superpowers.
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The document discusses post-World War II economic anxieties in the United States. It describes how the GI Bill helped veterans reintegrate into civilian life and boosted the economy. It also discusses how the Truman administration took steps like the Employment Act of 1946 and VA loans to prevent another Great Depression. The economy remained shaky in the initial postwar years but then experienced unprecedented growth from the 1950s to 1970s, fueled by factors like defense spending, shifts in the workforce, and increased consumerism.
World War two & Its Impact (2)
World War II began in 1939 as a conflict between Germany and an Anglo-French coalition but grew to a global war. It ended in 1945, leaving the world dominated by the US and USSR. The main participants were the Axis powers of Germany, Italy, and Japan against the Allied powers of the US, Britain, and Soviet Union. The war cost an estimated $4 trillion and over 60 million lives worldwide, making it the deadliest conflict in history. It had widespread economic and political impacts, reshaping the post-war world order.
China Cold War
The document discusses key events around the end of WWII and onset of the Cold War, including the division of Germany, US occupation of Japan, development of nuclear weapons by the US and USSR, and establishment of opposing alliance systems (NATO and Warsaw Pact). It also covers notable Cold War events like the Berlin Airlift and Cuban Missile Crisis. Regarding China, it discusses the Chinese Civil War won by Mao Zedong's Communists in 1949, and Mao's subsequent policies including the Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution, before the economic reforms of Deng Xiaoping.
Cold war (1945-1990)
The document summarizes the causes and events of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union after World War II. Some of the long-term causes included Western hostility towards communism and American fears of communism. Short-term causes included tensions over aid to the USSR during WWII and broken promises over sovereignty in Eastern Europe. This led to a climate of mistrust and competition as the two superpowers supported opposing political ideologies, with conflicts emerging in divided Germany, Korea, and Cuba throughout the late 1940s to early 1960s.
118CHAPTEROUTLINE• WorldwideConflict• Western .docx
118
CHAPTER
OUTLINE
• Worldwide
Conflict
• Western Europe
on the Front Line
• Regional Conflicts
• International
and Regional
Convergence
Conflict and Convergence: 1945–19506
1943
Sartre’s Being and
Nothingness is
published
The “big three”
meet at Tehran
conference
1945
Yalta conference
is held
VE Day ends the
war in Europe
Potsdam
conference is held
VJ Day ends the
war in the Pacific
Ho Chi Minh
“decolonizes”
Vietnam
Korea is divided
into occupation
zones
The United
Nations is
founded
1946
The first
Indochina war
begins
Bretton Woods
system goes into
effect
Kennan writes the
“Long Telegram”
Churchill makes
“Iron Curtain”
speech
1947
India is
decolonized
India and
Pakistan are
created
UN Partition Plan
for Palestine is
approved
Truman Doctrine,
Marshall Plan,
and National
Security Act go
into effect in
United States
The “Red Scare”
takes hold in the
United States
1941
United States and
USSR join the
Allies
C H A P T E R T I M E L I N EC H A P T E R T I M E L I N E
The World in the 20th Century: A Thematic Approach, First Edition, by Stephanie A. Hallock. Published by Pearson.
Copyright © 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Photos from left to right: Vietminh troops
march into Hanoi, 1954; UN poster; The new
“big 3”; Family fleeing from square block of
Jewish occupied buildings in the Jewish
district of Jerusalem, February, 1948.
1948
Congress of
Europe meets
Gandhi is
assassinated
USSR blockades
Berlin, and United
States flies airlift
around it
The OAS is
established
State of Israel
is created and
recognized
The first Arab-
Israeli War begins
1949
Mao wins civil
war in China and
establishes PRC
Chinese
nationalists flee
to Taiwan
The German
Federal Republic
is created
NATO is
established
1950
Sino-Soviet Treaty
is signed
U.S. government
issues NSC-68
1955
Moscow creates
the Warsaw Pact
119
The World in the 20th Century: A Thematic Approach, First Edition, by Stephanie A. Hallock. Published by Pearson.
Copyright © 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Worldwide Conflict
The defining structural characteristic of the
latter half of the twentieth century was the
conflict between the two “superpowers” that
emerged at the end of World War II. After
thirty years of war and its consequences in
Europe, Germany’s and Italy’s military ca-
pacities were almost completely destroyed
and Great Britain’s and France’s had been
greatly diminished. What was left of Japan’s
military was being dismantled by the United
States during the Occupation, and China
was engaged in an intermittent civil war
from April 1927 through May 1950. By
1945, only the United States and USSR were
capable of fielding effective military ma-
chines, and the United States was clearly
leading in terms of military technology, proven by its use of the atomic bombs in Japan. The mil-
itary alliance these two countries forged to defeat fascism in World War ...
Cold war (first part)
The Cold War began after WWII as political divisions grew between Western allies like the US and UK, and the Soviet Union. The US and Western Europe formed NATO in response to the USSR establishing control over Eastern Europe. Germany was divided, with the West embracing democracy and capitalism while the East was controlled by Moscow-backed communist governments. Despite early postwar meetings between Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill, the two sides were unable to agree on a lasting peace and Europe became firmly split into Western and Eastern blocs, marking the beginning of the Cold War era.
The cold war
The Cold War was a state of political and military tension between the United States and the Soviet Union from 1945 to 1991. Some key events included the Yalta and Potsdam conferences in 1945 where the Allies planned for post-war organization; the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan which aimed to contain Soviet influence in Europe; the Berlin Wall which divided East and West Berlin from 1961 to 1989; and space and arms races where both nations competed to demonstrate military and technological superiority. Major conflicts included the Korean War from 1950 to 1953 and the Vietnam War from 1955 to 1975.
The Cold War
Germany surrendered in 1945 and was divided and occupied by the Allies. The Potsdam Conference established this division and began de-Nazification efforts. Europe was largely bankrupt after the war while the US and USSR emerged as new superpowers. The Soviets wanted to rebuild the German economy to their benefit while the Americans prioritized self-determination, leading to the origins of the Cold War between them. Japan also surrendered in 1945 after atomic bombs were dropped and was remade under US occupation with a new constitution and demilitarization. These postwar changes established the foundations for the ensuing global Cold War conflict between capitalist and communist ideologies.
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Origins of the Cold War - Yalta Conference, Potsdam, Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, Berlin Blockade & Airlift, China, NATO http://curriculumglobal.blogspot.com
Sec 4N Hist (Elec) Chapter 8: Start of the Cold War
The Cold War in Europe was caused by ideological differences and distrust between the two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, following World War II. Key disagreements at conferences like Yalta and Potsdam over issues like the borders and administration of Germany and Eastern Europe increased tensions. The Berlin Blockade further escalated the conflict when the Soviets tried to cut off access to West Berlin, leading to the Berlin Airlift. These events helped divide Europe into Western and Eastern spheres of influence and led to opposing military alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact.
Cold war 2010
After World War II, the world divided into two rival camps - the Western Bloc led by the United States and the Eastern Bloc led by the Soviet Union. The US and USSR emerged as the two dominant superpowers and never directly fought each other in a war, but engaged in a prolonged political-military rivalry known as the Cold War from 1945 to 1989. During this time, tensions escalated as the two sides competed economically and militarily through espionage, propaganda, arms development, and proxy wars around the world while avoiding direct military conflict due to the threat of nuclear war.
Cold war 2010
After World War II, the world divided into two competing spheres of influence between the United States and the Soviet Union. The US and USSR emerged as the two dominant superpowers with opposing ideologies - democracy and capitalism versus communism and autocratic rule. Each established military alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact and engaged in proxy conflicts and an arms race throughout the Cold War period from 1945 to 1989 without direct military confrontation, seeking to limit the spread of the other's influence through political, economic and covert means in what was termed a "Cold War".
Cold war
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and Soviet Union from 1947-1991. It involved ideological and military competition between capitalism and communism. Key events that heightened tensions included the Berlin Blockade, establishment of NATO and the Warsaw Pact, the Korean War, Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam War, and Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. The space race and arms race further demonstrated the technological and military supremacy between the two superpowers. Growing economic troubles in the Soviet Union and diplomatic negotiations between Reagan and Gorbachev contributed to the decline of communist rule and end of the Cold War.
Similar to Coldwarbegins (20)
118CHAPTEROUTLINE• WorldwideConflict• Western .docx
118CHAPTEROUTLINE• WorldwideConflict• Western .docx
Sec 4N Hist (Elec) Chapter 8: Start of the Cold War
Sec 4N Hist (Elec) Chapter 8: Start of the Cold War
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Coldwar
The Cold War was an ideological struggle between Soviet and Eastern Bloc nations led by the USSR on one side, and the US and Western democracies on the other. Both sides aimed to spread their influence globally, with the USSR seeking to spread communism and the US pursuing a policy of containment to limit communism's expansion. This conflict manifested through espionage activities between the CIA and KGB, an arms race including nuclear weapons development, and competition for influence in the developing world between democratic capitalism and communist command economies. The division of Europe along ideological lines through the Iron Curtain and establishment of opposing military alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact characterized the bi-polar nature of global power dynamics during this period.
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