The document provides an overview of key topics related to the Cold War, including the relationship between the US and Soviet Union after WWII, the policy of containment to stop the spread of communism, and the involvement of the superpowers in conflicts in Europe, Asia, and Latin America. It discusses Truman's doctrine, the Marshall Plan, the Berlin Airlift, the division of Germany and Korea, communism in China, the Korean and Vietnam Wars, struggles for influence in Latin America like in Cuba, and the effects of the fall of communism in the Soviet Union. The document contains learning objectives, summaries of historical events, questions for review, and other materials related to understanding the Cold War era.

1. THE COLD WAR:

2. CH 23 – OBJECTIVES: 1. Summarize the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union during and after WWII. 2. Analyze the successes and failures of the United States policy of containment. 3. Understand the importance of Germany after World War II. 4. Explain why the United States became involved in the affairs of China, Korea and Vietnam. 5. Describe the superpowers’ struggle for control in Latin America. 6. Explain how communism affected life in America. 7. Analyze the fall of Communism in the Soviet Union and its effects.

3. 1. Summarize the relationship between the United States & the Soviets during and after WWII. BOTH ALLIES AGAINST HITLER BESIDES THAT, BOTH COUNTRIES DID NOT TRUST THE OTHER. DIFFERENCES INCLUDE: POLITICAL SYSTEMS ECONOMIC SYSTEMS POST WWII GOALS

4. RELATIONSHIP DURING WWII? BOTH ALLIES AGAINST HITLER BESIDES THAT, BOTH COUNTRIES DID NOT TRUST THE OTHER. DIFFERENCES INCLUDE: POLITICAL SYSTEMS ECONOMIC SYSTEMS POST WWII GOALS

5. SUSPICIONS: A. SOVIETS WEREW FORMER ALLIES WITH HITLER B. USA DIDN’T ATTACK GERMANY SOON ENOUGH C. USA KEPT ATOMIC BOMB SECRET

6. END OF WORLD WAR II The Soviet Union and the United States race to Berlin. They decide to split Germany / Korea

7. TRUE / FALSE REVIEW: After WWII the two superpowers were the United States and Great Britain. The Cold War began in 1945 and ended in 1991. The reason it is called the Cold War is because fighting took place in Iceland. The United States and the Soviet Union, although Allies during the war, never really trusted each other. The Cold War really contained no direct fighting, but had numerous situations of fighting around the globe.

8. 2 -Explain attempts to stop the spread of Communism (Containment) With a partner, read pages 826 and 827 and answer the following: A. Truman Doctrine B. Marshall Plan C. Berlin Airlift

9. TRUMAN DOCTRINE: 1 ST TIME TO APPLY CONTAINMENT SOVIETS HAD MADE THREATS TO TURKEY AND GREECE. THE UNITED STATES GIVES 410 MILLION DOLLARS IN AIDE Bribery!!! GREECE Turkey

10. MARSHALL PLAN: DON’T MAKE SAME MISTAKES –WWI HELP RESTORE EUROPE STABLE DEMOCRACIES AND ECONOMIES 21 MILLION PEOPLE HOMELESS 1 IN 5 HOUSES DESTROYED IN FRANCE AND BELGIUM INDUSTRIES IN RUIN - RUSSIANS

11. 17 EUROPEAN NATIONS RECEIVED 13 BILLION DOLLARS IN AIDE.

12. Berlin Airlift: In order to keep West Berlin from being taken over by the Soviets, Truman orders an airlift to give food and supplies.

13. NATO Vs. Warsaw Pact Divides Europe into half… USA, GB, France… against Soviets

14. IRON CURTAIN:

15. 4 -Explain how Communism spread in Asia 1. THE COMMUNIST WIN IN CIVIL WAR EVEN THOUGH THE UNITED STATES SUPPORTED THE NATIONALIST CHIANG KAI-SHEK AND THE NATIONALIST FLEE TO TAIWAN CHINA FORMS AN ALLIANCE WITH SOVIETS Communism Rules, even in China! Yeah Baby!!! Thanks USA… But I must flee to Taiwan!!! Mao Zedong Chiang kai-shek

16. KOREAN WAR : * DIVIDED AT 38 TH PARALLEL NORTH KOREA INVADES THE 38 TH PARALLEL (EVENTUALLY WITH CHINESE HELP) USA RESPONDS BY SENDING TROOPS LED BY (D. MACARTHUR)

18. VIETNAM : DIVIDED AT THE 17 TH PARALLEL COMMUNIST TOOK CONTROL NORTH USA TOOK CONTROL OF SOUTH UNITED STATES LONGEST WAR, BEGINS IN 65 AND ENDS IN 76. 60,000 US troops killed

19. A B C D E F G H I J Cold War Conflicts:

20. #5 – Describe the superpowers struggle for control in Latin America. Guatemala United Fruit Company (UFCO) USA overthrew the government and installed a pro-democracy… Saving our business interest.

21. CUBA: BAY OF PIGS: CIA led invasion using Cuban exiles to overthrow the Cuban government. (major disaster) CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS: Soviets (with Fidel Castro) place nuclear weapons on Cuba pointed at American cities. JFK uses an embargo and negotiates the withdrawal. Extremely close moments of all out nuclear war!!!

23. #6 - Explain how communism affected life in America. 1. Fear of Nuclear Attack, bomb shelters 2. Limitations on free speech 3. Joseph McCarthy – list of communist in gov. 4. Blacklist McCarthy Rosenbergs Hollywood 10

24. Hollywood and the Cold War:

25. 7 - Analyze the fall of Communism in the Soviet Union and its effects. Height of American Power Spread of Democracy End of the Arms Race Reduction of fear

27. Cold War: 1945-1991 bad tensions between the superpowers. USA and SOVIET UNION never fought each other, but did fight all around the world

28. CONTAINMENT : KENNANS MAIN MESSAGE KEEP COMMUNISM CONTAINED EASTERN EUROPE WAS ALREADY EXPOSED TO COMMUNISM SATELLITE NATIONS KEEP WESTERN EUROPE SAFE

29. BRANCHES OF GOV. PEOPLE CAN VOTE FREE ENTERPRISE / RAGS TO RICHES 3 CLASSES OF WEALTH 1 LEADER WITH TOTAL POWER NO VOTING GOV. CONTROLS FACTORIES, FARMS 1 CLASS OF WEALTH DEMOCRACY COMMUNISM

30. YALTA CONFERENCE : 1. DIVIDED GERMANY INTO 4 MILITARY ZONES. USA, GB, FR, and RUSSIA 2. UNITED NATIONS CREATED 3. KOREA DIVIDED AT 38 TH PARALLEL

31. IRON CURTAIN SPEECH CHURCHILL VISITS MISSOURI CONDEMNED THE DIVISION OF EUROPE CALLED ON AMERICANS TO KEEP STALIN FROM ENCLOSING ANY MORE NATIONS BEHIND THE IRON CURTAIN

32. USA (TRUMAN) APPLYS ECONOMIC RELIEF 400 MILLION IN AIDE FOR TURKEY AND GREECE

33. UNITED NATIONS - NATO PG. 608 THE U.S. AND THE SOVIET UNION WERE MEMBERS OF THE U.N. AND THEY WOULD VETO EACH OTHER. IN RESPONSE - NATO WAS CREATED

34. DEVELOPED BY CANADA, ITS PURPOSE WAS TO PROTECT EUROPE AND THE WORLD FROM COMMUNISM “ AN ARMED ATTACK AGAINST ONE SHALL BE AN ATTACK AGAINST ALL.”

35. MEMBER NATIONS: GB, PORTUGAL, LUXEMBERG, FRANCE, DENMARK, BELGIUM, ITALY, THE NETHERLANDS, GREECE, TURKEY, NORWAY, WEST GERMANY, ICELAND, EVENTUALLY SPAIN - 1962

36. POTSDAM CONFERENCE : 1. NO FREE ELECTIONS IN EASTERN EUROPE 2. STALIN FIRST HEARS OF AMERICAS NULEAR POWER

37. WARSAW PACT : SOVIET UNIONS RESPONSE SOVIET UNION, ALBANIA, POLAND, HUNGARY, BULGARIA, EAST GERMANY, ROMANIA, CZECHOSLOVAKIA

38. GEORGE KEENAN: LONG TELEGRAM “ COMMUNISM WAS THE GREATEST THREAT TO THE FREE WORLD, NOT THE SOVIET ARMY.”

39. IN THIS CORNER…. FROM THE FORZEN TUNDRA OF RUSSIA…. THE MASTER OF DISASTER…. THE CZAR FROM AFAR…. THE EVIL EAR OF FEAR…. THE WARSAW PACT

40. AND IN THIS CORNER…. FROM THE LAND OF LIBERTY…. THE KING OF VOTING…. THE ACE OF ECONOMIC SPACE…. THE NATO ALLIANCE

41. LETS GET READY TO RUMBLLLLLLLLE!!!!

42. In your notes answer the following: 1. HOW & WHY DID THE US SUPPORT CHIANG KAI SHEK? 2. WHY DID THE US SUPPORT OF CHIANG DISSOLVE? 3. WHO WAS MAO ZEDONG AND HOW DID HE GAIN CHINESE SUPPORT? 4. WHAT WAS AMERICAS REACTION TO THE COMMUNIST TAKEOVER IN CHINA?

43. POLITICAL CARTOONS: Working with one other student, look at the political cartoon and explain the message or idea that the cartoon is trying to express.

53. COMMUNISM IN ASIA: KOREAN WAR : * DIVIDED AT 38 TH PARALLEL NORTH KOREA INVADES THE 38 TH PARALLEL (EVENTUALLY WITH CHINESE HELP UNITED STATES RESPONDS BY SENDING TROOPS LED BY GEN. DOUGLAS MACARTHUR

54. US MARINES LANDED AT INCHON SANDWICH THE N. KOREANS AT PUSAN PUSHED BACK ACROSS THE LINE CONTINUED INTO N. KOREA EVEN WITH CHINA ISSUEING A WARNING CHINESE TROOPS ENTER THE WAR AND PUSH BACK THE US/UN FORCES

55. GENERAL MacARTHUR WANTED TO CONTINUE AND TAKE ON THE CHINESE AND RUSSIANS TO “GET IT OVER WITH” PRESIDENT TRUMAN DISAGREED MacARTHUR DID NOT FOLLOW ORDERS AND TRUMAN FIRED HIM. US 54,000 SOLDIERS KILLED

56. COMMUNISM IN THE MIDDLE EAST: IRAN – OIL ECONOMY WENT DOWN TURN TO COMMUNIST? USA PAID $$$ AND INSERTED LEADER SUEZ CANAL – CONTROL OF THE WATER WAY TO EUROPEAN / MIDEAST MARKETS. KEEP OUT OF COMMUNIST HANDS

57. COMMUNISM IN LATIN AMERICA: GUATAMALA – NATIONALIZED ALL LAND AND KICKED OUT UNITED STATES BUSINESSES (BANANA) IF THEY ARE NOT SUPPORTING THE US, THEY MUST BE SUPPORTING THE COMMUNIST

58. CUBA FIDEL CASTRO WAS A YOUNG REVOLUTIONARY WHO TURNED LEADER. PROMISED TO ELIMINATE POVERTY, INEQUALITY”

59. HE SIEZED 3 US OIL REFINERIES BROKE UP COMMERCIAL FARMS (SUGAR PLANTS OWNED BY US BUSINESS) USA RESPONDED WITH TRADING EMBARGO

60. CUBAN MISSILE CRISES SOVIET LEADER NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV PROMISED TO PROTECT CUBA WITH NUCLEAR WEAPONS THE WEAPONS WERE POINTED AT MAJOR US CITIES CUBA HAD BEEN DENYING THE WEAPONS EXISTED

61. A U.S. U2 SPY PLANE CAPTURED RESONISSANCE PHOTOS OF THE WARHEADS KENNEDY HAD TO DO SOMETHING! HE CHOOSE TO INFORM THE PUBLIC THAT CUBA HAD NUKES IF ANY ATTACK WERE TO OCCURE THEN ALL OUT NUKE ATTACK ON SOVIETS - BRINKMANSHIP

62. THE UNITED STATES ALSO HAD NUKED POINTED AT THE SOVIETS LOCATED IN TURKEY WHO WILL BLINK FIRST??? SOVIETS AGREED TO REMOVE NUKES IF WE WOULD FOLLOW

63. COMMUNISM IN LATIN AMERICA : USA HAD MILLIONS UPON MILLIONS OF DOLLARS INVESTED IN LATIN AMERICA. SENT TROOPS TO HONDURAS AND NICARAGUA TO IMPLANT LEADERS UNITED FRUIT CO. IN GUATEMALA = USA WOULD DO ALMOST ANYTHING TO KEEP COMMUNISM AWAY. FEAR AND SUSPICION FIDEL CASTRO

64. Task: You are a historian with a plethora of topics that you can talk about from the Cold War Era. You have been asked to do a presentation to a class on one of those topics. Your presentation should include charts, diagrams, pictures, video, maps, etc., that include historical information. The presentation is a minimum of 8 minutes.

65. Knowledgeable Person How to find and evaluate sources of information to conduct research. 4 - student creates bibliography, uses a variety of resources, has information that is correct, information is pertinent to topic being discussed. 3 - student creates bibliography with some mistakes, has some resources, information has some errors, information is hard to understand. 2 - students bibliography is hard to understand, few resources, information is lacking, information is hard to understand. 1 - lack of bibliography, lack of resources, information is mostly incorrect, information does not relate to topic.

66. Complex Thinker Construct support for an argument 4 - resource materials support argument, resources allow peers to understand argument, presentation is has a structure, presentation is longer than 10 minutes. 3 - resource materials show some support, resources allow peers to partially understand, presentation is random, presentation is right at about 10 minutes. 2 - resource materials lack a show of support, resources confuse peers, presentation lacks structure, presentation is short. 1 - resource materials do not relate to argument, peers are confused, presentation has no structure.

67. Effective Communicator Student expresses ideas clearly using different mediums including technology 4 - students ideas are portrayed in several different ways, student gets points across to the class, student uses technology in appropriate manner for understanding, student assesses what has been talked about. 3 - student presents ideas, students points to class are hard to discern, students use of technology makes it hard to understand topic, students assessment lacks in checking for understanding. 2 - student presents ideas in one way, students points to class are hard to discern, student lacks use of technology, assessment is lacking in value. 1 - students presentation is lacking, student makes few points to class, technology is not used, no assessment of learning is given.

68. Eisenhower Truman Korea Nsc-68 Music Nixon Hollywood Marshall Plan NATO Fidel Castro Berlin Wall 1984 Space Race Rosenberg’s UFCO Khrushchev Mao Zedong U2 Berlin Airlift Popular Culture Israel Bay of Pigs China Arms Race Churchill CIA McCarthry Espionage HUAC Atomic Race Ho Chi Mihn Hoover Truman Doctrine Alger Hiss

69. A. What is meant by the phrase “The Cold War?” List 5 causes of the Cold War. Do you agree that the war was “cold?” Why or Why Not? D. Explain the military actions taken by the United States in the attempt at containment .