The document discusses the history and development of policing systems from ancient times to the modern period in different parts of the world. It describes early systems like tythingmen in Anglo-Saxon England and tun policing, and how policing evolved with the introduction of systems like hue and cry, keepers of the peace, and watch and ward. It also discusses key developments in French, British, and American policing systems that helped establish modern police forces.

1. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier

2. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
PRE-TEST QUESTIONS
13-15 = EXCELLENT
10-12 = VERYGOOD
8-10 = GOOD
6-8 = FAIR
1-5 = POOR

3. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
1. A group of men whose duty was to apprehend any person
who offends another and deliver that offender for trial during
the Anglo-Saxon period.
2. The type of policing during the Ancient England wherein the
complainant or victim goes to the middle of the community
and shout to call all male residents to assemble.
3. It requires the appointment of knights to keep the king’s
peace by standing as guards on bridges and gates while
checking the people entering and leaving the cities in towns.
4. What is the popular tag for the bellmen which compose of a
group of old men created during the reign of King Charles II
which opt to retreat upon seeing a criminal incident?
5. What ancient policing system requires all male residents to
guard the town to preserve peace and order?

4. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
6. What is the forerunner of the word town?
7. A special court that tried offenders against the
state.
8. What police force during the spanish regime was
composed of 5% of the able-bodied male
inhabitants of town of province, and each member
should serve for at least 3 years?
9. A police force created by a Royal Decree of Spain
which relieves Spanish Peninsular Troops of their
works in policing towns.
10. This introduced the system of WATCH AND WARD.

5. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
11.Who was the 1st Filipino COP of MPD
appointed by Pres. Roxas under the
Republican Government?
12.Who was the chief magistrate of London
who organizes the Bow Street Runners?
13.The first Filipino Chief of the Philippine
Constabulary.
14.The Japanese Military Police force those are
responsible in maintaining peace and order
in manila and adjacent urban areas.
15.He is known as the Father of Modern
Policing System.

6. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
KEY ANSWERS
1. Tythingmen
2. Hue and cry
3. Keepers of the peace
4. Shiver and shake
5. Tun policing
6. Tun
7. Star chamber court
8. Guardrilleros
9. Guardia Civil
10. Statute of Winchester
11. Col. Lamberto Javalera
12. Henry Fielding
13. Brig. Gen. Rafael Crame
14. Kempetai
15. Sir Robert Peel

7. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
Anglo-Saxon Period (Ancient
England) - 600- 1066 AD
a. FRANKPLEDGE SYSTEM-also known as
Mutual pledge. Male over 12 years old join
nine(9) of his neighbours to form a
TYTHINGMEN- a group of men whose duty
was to apprehend any person who offends
another and deliver that offender for trial.

8. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
b. TUN POLICING- Tun was the forerunner
of the word “town”. Under this system, all
male residents were required to guard the
town to preserve peace and order, protect
life and properties of the people and other
factors that develop disturbances the peace
and order.

9. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
c. HUE AND CRY- the complainant or victim
goes to the middle of the community and
shout to call all male residents to assemble.
The victim reports the complaint to the
assembly. Subsequently, all male residents
will go after the criminal and apprehend
them.

10. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
d. TRIAL BY ORDEAL- a suspect was
required to place his hands over boiling
water or oil. If he would not get hurt, he will
be acquitted but when hurt, he would be
considered guilty. Double jeopardy was
prevalent during this time.

11. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
e. ROYAL JUDGE SYSTEM- the royal
judge conducted criminal investigation and
give punishment fitted to the crime
committed. This practice started the
identification of criminal

12. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
Norman Period (1066-1285)
a. SHIRE-REEVE SYSTEM- KING
WILLIAM NORMAN- he divided his
kingdom into 55 military districts known as
the SHIRE REEVES. SHIRE means district
while REEVE means ruler who made laws,
pass judgment and impose punishment he
was assisted by the group of constables, the
forerunner of the constabulary.

13. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
• The term shire reeve eventually becomes
sheriff, the title of the chief of constables
or police officers in a certain town.
TRAVELLING JUDGE was held
responsible in deciding cases that were
taken from SHIRE REEVES because of
some abuses.

14. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
b. LEGIS HENRIE- this law was enhanced
during the time of King Henrie 1 which
imposed the following features;
Law violations were classified as offenses
against the king
Policemen became Public officials
The police and the citizens have the broad
power to arrest
Grand jury was created to inquire the facts
of the law

15. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
c. KEEPERS OF THE PEACE- 1195- KING
RICHARD of England- requiring the
appointment of knights to keep the king’s
peace by standing as guards on bridges and
gates while checking the people entering
and leaving the cities in towns.

16. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
d. on June 15, 1215, MAGNA CARTA (GREAT
CHARTER) was sealed by King John of
England; this became a law upon the demand of
the Knights of the Round Table. The knights forced
john to sign the document which declared the ff:
No Freemen shall be taken or imprisoned,
disposed outlawed, or bowed except but legal
judgment of his peers.
No one should be tried for murder except there is
proof of the body of the victim.
There should be national and local government as
well as the national and local registration

17. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
Westminster Period (1285-1500)
a. STATUTE OF WINCHESTER (1285) was
enacted for law and order. This introduced
the system of WATCH AND WARD.
b. STATUTE OF 1295 was enacted, which
began the closing of the gates of London
during sunset. This started the observation
of curfew hours.

18. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
c. JUSTICE OF PEACE was a position
given to a respected citizen, who has the
power to arrest, pursue, and imprison the
offenders.
d. STAR CHAMBER COURT was
established as special court that tried
offenders against the state.

19. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
Developments in Policing System
during the Modern Period (17th-
19th Century) in England
1. NIGHTWATCHMEN OR BELLMEN-
1663- this law was passed by King
CHARLES II of England to be on duty from
sunrise to sunset.

20. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
2. BOWSTREET RUNNERS (THIEF
CATHERS)-1784- A Chief Magistrate in
London named HENRY FIELDING as the
organizer. Later, Formed BOW STREET
HORSE PATROL whose duty was to patrol
the main roads thus secure the travellers
from highwaymen of highway bandits

21. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
3. The statesman SIR ROBERT PEEL in
1829 established the LONDON
METROPOLITAN POLICE, which became
the first modern organized police force. It
was later called SCOTLAND YARD. The
development of the BRITISH POLICE
SYSTEM is especially significant because
the pattern that emerged not only became a
model for the American police system but
also had great influence on the style of
policing in almost all industrial societies.

22. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
Developments in French Police
System during the modern Period
in France
1. During the 17th century in France, King
Louis XIV maintained a small central police
organization consisting of some 40
inspectors who, with the numerous paid
informants, supplied the government with
details about the conductor of private
individuals.

23. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
2. In Paris, the position OFFICERS DE PAIX
was formed in 1791. This was the origin of
the term Peace Officer. The French were the
first to establish uniformed police officers –
they were called SEARGENT DE VILLE
(servant of the city).

24. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
 Other contributions of the French in the
development of policing system were:
Conceiving street signs.
Assigning house numbers.
Installing street lighting.
Creating emergency and rescue services.
Use of police ambulances.
Use of ‘warrant card”, and ID signifying
authority to arrest

25. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
Developments in American Police
System during the modern period
and thereafter
1. Policing system in America followed the
model developed in England, New York,
Boston and Philadelphia organized their
night watchmen, which was similar to the
Bellmen crated in London during the reign of
King Charles II.

26. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
These watchmen were also known as
RATTLEWATCH because they carried a
rattle while on duty to inform the public in
their watchful presence.

27. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
2. Development of American municipal
(rural and city) police force
– in 1638, night-watch was initiated in Boston,
Massachusetts.
– in 1658, rattle-watch was organized in New York.
– night watch started in Philadelphia in 1700.
– in 1722, new heaven has a police regulation that “no
watch man will have the liberty to sleep.”
– New York City police began to adopt a full police
uniform in 1856.
– 1833 was the advent of daytime police with pay

28. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
EVOLUTION OF POLICE SERVICE
IN THE PHILIPPINE SETTING
a. CARABINEROS de SEGURIDAD
PUBLICO (Mounted Police)
–was organized in 1712 for the purpose
of carrying out the policies of the
Spanish government.
–The members were armed and
considered as the mounted police.

29. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
b. GUARDRILLEROS
–was a body of rural police organized in
each town that was created by the
Royal Decree of January 8, 1836.
–This police force was composed of 5%
of the able-bodied male inhabitants of
town of province, and each member
should serve for at least 3 years.

30. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
c. GUARDIA CIVIL
–was the police organization created by
the Royal Decree issued by the Spanish
Crown government on February on
February 12, 1852.
–It relieved the Spanish Peninsular
Troops of their works in policing towns.

31. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
Police Force during the Japanese
Occupation.
KEMPETAI,
• the Japanese Military Police force those
are responsible in maintaining peace and
order in manila and adjacent urban areas.
• Kempetai ruled the urban area until Gen
Douglas Mc Arthur returned.

32. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
American occupation until WW2
broke out
a. INSULAR POLICE FORCE was established on
November 30 1890 during the Filipino-American
war (1890- 1901) upon the recommendation of the
Philippines Commission to the secretary of war.
b. INSULAR CONSTABULARY was created on
July 18, 1901 by virtue of act # 175 titled as “An
Act Providing for the Organization and
Government of an Insular Constabulary”.

33. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
c. MANILA POLICE DEPARTMENT (MPD)
was organized on July 31 1901, by virtue of
act 183 of the Philippine Commission. The
first chief of police was Capt. George
Curry, a Us Army officer appointed by Taft
Commission on August 7, 1901. Capt.
Columbus Piatt was the last American cop
of MPD before the WW2 broke out.

34. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
d. On Oct 3 1901, the insular constabulary was
changed to PHILIPPINES CONSTABULARTY
(PC) by virtue of act no. 255. BRIG. GEN HENRY
T. ALLEN was the First chief of the Philippines
constabulary. He was the PC Chief From 1901 to
1907 such that he was the called the Father of
Constabulary in the Philippines the PC was
manned by mostly Filipinos but officers was mostly
Americans.

35. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
e. REVISED ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF
1917 this law stated that the Philippines
Constabulary is a NATIONAL POLICE
INSTITUTION for preserving the peace
keeping order and enforcing the law. BRIG.
GEN RAFAEL CRAME became the first
Filipino Chief of Police. He served as the PC
chief from 1917-1927.

36. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
In Nov. 1932, ACT no. 181 required the
creation of a Bureau of Investigation. This
agency should be the modification of the
Division of investigation from the
Department of Justice. Finally, on June 19,
1947, R.A 157 was enacted the
NATIONAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION.

37. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
In 1960, R.A no. 2678 was enacted and this
law provided the expansion and
reorganization of the NBI. This law
established that the NI is both an
investigative and research service agency.

38. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
SIGNIFICANT VIPs
• Ø COL. Antonio C. Torres- the 1st Filipino COP when
MPD became an all Filipino police organization: declared
manila as open city when WW2 broke out in 1941;
during ww2 Manila Police was under the American
Control.
• Ø COL. Marcus Ellis Jones- A US provost Marshall
who was named as MPD COP just after the liberation.
•
• Ø Col. Lamberto Javalera- the 1st Filipino COP of
MPD appointed by Pres. Roxas under the Republican
Government.

39. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
POST TEST QUESTIONS

40. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
1. Which of the following laws created the grand
jury to inquire on the facts of the law?
a. Statute of 1295 c. Statute of Winchester
b. Legis Henrie d. Magna Carta
2. A System of policing created by King William
Norman which became the blueprint of the term
sheriff.
a. shire-reeve c. shiver and shake
b. Magna Carta d. Frankpledge System

41. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
3. It became the first modern organized police
force.
a. Federal Bureau of Investigation
b. London Metropolitan Police
c. La Surete Nationale
d. Central Intelligence Agency
4. Who were the first to establish a uniformed
police force?
a. officers de paix c. Scotland Yard
b. sergent de ville d. French

42. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
5. A position given to a respected citizen, who
has the power to arrest, pursue, and imprison
the offenders.
a. Travelling Judge c. Royal Judge
b. Justice of the Peace d. Shire Reeve
6. He was held responsible in deciding cases
that were taken from SHIRE REEVES because
of some abuses.
a. Travelling Judge c. Royal Judge
b. Justice of the Peace d. Shire Reeve

43. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
7. Details about the conduct of private
individuals during the regime of King Louis
XIV were supplied by
a. paid informants c. uniformed officers
b. volunteer agents d.intelligence officers.
8. Which of the following were not contributed
by the French?
a. Conceiving street signs.
b. Installing street lighting.
c. Creating emergency and rescue services.
d. Use of badge signifying authority to arrest

44. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
9. What law paved the creation of the National
Bureau of Investigation?
a. RA 181 c. Act 157
b. RA 157 d. Act 181
10.The police force during the Spanish regime
which is considered armed and the
“Mounted Police”.
a. Guardia Civil
b. Carabineros de segurida publico
c. Guardrilleros
d. None of the above

45. “Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
8-10 = Excellent
5-7 = GOOD
1- 4 = POOR