The document summarizes the key events leading up to the American Revolutionary War from 1763-1775. It describes the growing tensions between the colonists and British parliament over taxation and laws like the Stamp Act, Quartering Act, and Intolerable Acts. This led the colonists to hold the First Continental Congress in 1774 and start militias like the minutemen. Armed conflict officially began with the Battles of Lexington and Concord in 1775, after which the Second Continental Congress formed the Continental Army under George Washington.

1. THE ROAD TO INDEPENDENCE 1763-1775

2. KEY TERMS BOYCOTT: REFUSAL TO BUY MILITIA: AN ARMY OF ORDINARY CITIZENS MINUTEMAN: COLONIAL MILITIA (CITIZEN SOLDIER); NEEDED TO BE READY AT A MINUTE’S NOTICE ARTILLERY: CANNONS & LARGE GUNS

3. The Enlightenment Time when natural rights philosophers like John Locke encouraged thinking. Locke is quoted in both Common Sense (T.Paine)and the Declaration of Independence (T. Jefferson)

4. The French & Indian War 1754-1763 Conflict over disputed Ohio Valley. Spread to Europe - known as the Seven Years War Forced the French and the British to send troops and supplies to their American colonies Great Britain = winner , yet, the war caused debt

5. PROCLAMATION OF 1763 IN RESPONSE TO PONTIAC’S REBELLION, KING GEORGE III FORBADE THE COLONISTS FROM SETTLING WEST OF THE APPALACHIAN MTS; 10,000 BRITISH SOLDIERS ENFORCED THE PROCLAMATION COLONISTS’ RESPONSE: ANGERED; SOME IGNORED THE ORDER ROLE OF GENERAL THOMAS GAGE : CONCENTRATED SOLDIERS IN NY TO RUSH TO “HOT SPOTS” ALONG THE FRONTIER

6. STOP

7. Proclamation of 1763

8. REASONS FOR TAXING THE COLONIES 1. PAY WAR DEBT 2. $ TO KEEP SOLDIERS ON THE FRONTIER

9. SUGAR ACT OF 1764 The Sugar Act put a three-cent tax on foreign sugar and increased taxes on coffee, indigo , and certain kinds of wine. It banned importation of rum and French wines. The British actually lowered the price of sugar with the hope of cutting down on smuggled goods.

10. REQUIRED THE COLONIES TO QUARTER (house & supply) BRITISH SOLDIERS QUARTERING ACT OF 1765

11. QUARTERING ACT

12. STAMP ACT 1765 TAX ON PAPER PRODUCTS (DIPLOMAS, NEWSPAPERS, LEGAL DOCUMENTS, ADVERTISEMENTS, PLAYING CARDS ETC.) COLONIAL RESISTANCE: RALLY CRY, “NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!”

13. STAMP ACT CONGRESS NYC 1765 1. DREW UP A PETITION PROTESTING THE STAMP ACT 2. DECLARED THAT THE RIGHT TO TAX BELONGED TO THE COLONIAL ASSEMBLIES, NOT TO PARLIAMENT! 3. UNIFIED THE COLONIES ON THIS ISSUE

14. STAMP ACT CONGRESS NYC 1765 1. DREW UP A PETITION PROTESTING THE STAMP ACT 2. DECLARED THAT THE RIGHT TO TAX BELONGED TO THE COLONIAL ASSEMBLIES, NOT TO PARLIAMENT! 3. UNIFIED THE COLONIES ON THIS ISSUE HEY PARLIAMENT!!! You’re Not The BOSS Of ME!

15. SONS OF LIBERTY & DAUGHTERS OF LIBERTY SECRET SOCIETIES; MOST WERE LAWYERS, MERCHANTS & ARTISANS; STAGED PROTESTS, BURNED STAMPED PAPER, TARRED & FEATHERED CUSTOMS OFFICIALS, BURNED DOWN BLDGS LEADER: SAM ADAMS

16. STAMP ACT

17. PARLIAMENT’S RESPONSE: DECLARATORY ACT “ FUNERAL OF THE STAMP ACT” 1. CANCELLED THE STAMP ACT IN 1766; 2. DECLARED PARLIAMENT’S RIGHT TO LEGISLATE FOR THE COLONIES “IN ALL CASES WHATSOEVER.”

18. PARLIAMENT’S RESPONSE: DECLARATORY ACT “ FUNERAL OF THE STAMP ACT” 1. CANCELLED THE STAMP ACT IN 1766; 2. DECLARED PARLIAMENT’S RIGHT TO LEGISLATE FOR THE COLONIES “IN ALL CASES WHATSOEVER.” HEY COLONISTS!!!! We ARE The BOSS Of YOU!

19. FUNERAL OF THE STAMP ACT WHAT IS THE MAN 4 TH IN LINE CARRYING? HOW DOES THE CARTOON PICTURE MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT? WHAT SYMBOLS ARE USED TO SHOW THE DEATH OF THE STAMP ACT?

20. TOWNSHEND ACTS OF 1767 TAX ON GLASS, PAPER, PAINT, LEAD, & TEA; HAD TO BE PAID IN GOLD OR SILVER

21. WRITS OF ASSISTANCE 1760 SEARCH WARRANT GIVING BRITISH OFFICERS UNLIMITED SEARCH RIGHTS FOR SMUGGLED GOODS BELIEVED THAT THE WRITS OF ASSISTANCE WERE AGAINST THE LAW OF NATURE THE LAW OF NATURE TEACHES, “NO ONE OUGHT TO HARM ANOTHER IN HIS LIFE, LIBERTY, OR POSSESSIONS.” John Locke James Otis Writs were enacted to ENFORCE the Navigation Acts: Laws passed in the 17 th and 18th centuries that required the use of English ships to carry all trade goods. The laws were designed to encourage English shipbuilding and restrict trade competition from England's commercial rivals, especially the Dutch. The acts of the 18th century gradually restricted trade by the American colonies and contributed to growing colonial resentment with the imposition of additional taxes on sugar, tobacco, and molasses.

22. Massacre or Mass Media ?

23. B M

24. B oston M assacre

25. B ig M ac

26. THE BOSTON MASSACRE MARCH 5, 1770 CAUSE : ARRIVAL OF REDCOATS TO BOSTON; COMPETED FOR COLONIAL JOBS (Redcoats often worked side jobs for less money than the colonists – they didn’t make a lot of money as a soldier)

27. BOSTON MASSACRE CONT … SPARK: GANG OF YOUTHS & DOCKWORKERS THREW SNOWBALLS, STICKS & STONES AT REDCOATS; TAUNTING ONE ANOTHER: “LOBSTERS” & “YANKEES” RESULTS: SOLDIERS FIRED & 5 MEN DIED INCLUDING CRISPUS ATTUCKS (RUNAWAY SLAVE); 1 ST CASUALTY OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

28. THE TRIAL ARRESTED FOR MURDER, DEFENDED BY JOHN ADAMS & JOSIAH QUINCY, JR.; 7 ACQUITTED; 2 manslaughter & had right thumbs branded

29. The Bloody Massacre Perpetrated in King Street, Paul Revere, 1770 What Is Wrong With This Picture?

30. The Bloody Massacre Perpetrated in King Street, Paul Revere, 1770 PROPAGANDA The soldiers are all being ordered to fire by their commander. From the testimony at the trial, we know that the firing was not ordered.

31. The Bloody Massacre Perpetrated in King Street, Paul Revere, 1770 The crowd is shown unarmed and defenseless. In fact, the crowd threw snowballs and many carried clubs. What Is Wrong With This Picture?

32. The Bloody Massacre Perpetrated in King Street, Paul Revere, 1770 What Is Wrong With This Picture?

33. THE TEA ACT OF 1773 In 1773 the British East India Company had a surplus of tea that they needed to sell or 18 million dollars worth of tea would be wasted…gave them a monopoly on the tea industry CHEAPER THAN SMUGGLED TEA EVEN WITH THE TAX COLONIAL SHIPPERS & MERCHANTS ENRAGED BECAUSE THE BRITISH EAST INDIA CO. WOULD SHIP & SELL THE TEA THEMSELVES (cutting out the middle man)

34. PARTY LIKE IT’S 1773! Rally Mohawks Bring Out Your Axes Tell King George We’ll Pay No Taxes

35. BOSTON TEA PARTY TOOLS OF PROTESTS: BOYCOTTS THE BOSTON TEA PARTY, 12/16/1773 WHO? SONS OF LIBERTY LED BY SAM ADAMS WHAT OCCURRED? SONS OF LIBERTY, DRESSED AS MOHAWKS, BOARDED BRITISH EAST INDIA CO. SHIPS & THREW 342 CHESTS OF TEA INTO BOSTON HARBOR

36. PARLIAMENT’S RESPONSE: THE INTOLERABLE ACTS CLOSED PORT OF BOSTON UNTIL COLONISTS PAID FOR THE TEA RESTRICTED REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT IN MASSACHUSETTS GEN. THOMAS GAGE APPOINTED GOVERNOR OF MASSACHUSETTS BRITISH COMMANDERS COULD HOUSE TROOPS WHEREVER NECESSARY BRITISH OFFICIALS STOOD TRIAL IN BRITAIN RATHER THAN THE COLONIES AKA: The COERCIVE ACTS

37. THE FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, 1774 WHO? DELEGATES FROM EVERY COLONY BUT GEORGIA WHY? PLAN RESPONSE TO INTOLERABLE ACTS WHERE? PHILADELPHIA GOALS: BAN BRITISH GOODS BEGIN TRAINING SOLDIERS

39. BETWEEN WAR & PEACE COMMITTEE OF SAFETY ; POWER TO CALL OUT MILITIA IN MASSACHUSETTS GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH! Speech delivered to the HOUSE OF BURGESSES THE COMMITTEES OF CORRESPONDENCE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH NEIGHBORING COLONIAL LEADERS –colonies were able to unify and help one another (I.e., colonies sent supplies to Boston when harbor was closed) John Hancock Patrick Henry

40. THE REVOLUTION BEGINS … SAMUEL ADAMS ORGANIZED SPY NETWORK TO WATCH BRITISH ACTIVITIES GENERAL GAGE LEARNED FROM HIS SPIES THAT MINUTEMEN WERE STORING GUNS IN CONCORD, MA. HIS ORDERS: DESTROY THE SUPPLIES & ARREST HANCOCK AND ADAMS

41. THE MIDNIGHT RIDE PAUL REVERE WILLIAM DAWES & DR. SAMUEL PRESCOTT “ THE REDCOATS ARE COMING!” – SENT TO SPREAD THE NEWS OF BRITISH TROOP MOVEMENTS TO MINUTEMEN, HANCOCK, ADAMS, etc… RESULTS: REVERE WAS CAPTURED; LET GO WITHOUT HIS HORSE

42. LEXINGTON & CONCORD 04/19/1775 LEXINGTON: BRITISH ORDERED MINUTEMEN TO LAY DOWN THEIR ARMS RESULTS: WITHIN MINUTES, 8 COLONISTS DEAD; THE BRITISH MARCHED TO CONCORD & DESTROYED THE SUPPLIES 4,000 MINUTEMEN LINED THE ROAD FROM LEXINGTON TO CONCORD RESULTS : BRITISH RETREATED TO BOSTON “ SHOT HEARD ROUND THE WORLD”

44. THE CONTINENTAL ARMY IS FORMED

45. FORT TICONDEROGA MAY 10, 1775 WHO? GREEN MOUNTAIN BOYS (VT) LED BY BENEDICT ARNOLD & ETHAN ALLEN WHAT? SEIZED BRITISH FORT & ARTILLERY WHERE? ON LAKE CHAMPLAIN

46. SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, MAY 10, 1775 WHO? JOHN ADAMS, SAM ADAMS, JOHN HANCOCK, BEN FRANKLIN, GEORGE WASHINGTON, PATRICK HENRY, ETC. WHERE? PHILADELPHIA agreed to form a Continental Army and Washington was selected as its commanding general. ratified the Declaration of Independence. formed our first national system of government which was called the Articles of Confederation . The Articles would be supreme law of the U.S. throughout the Revolutionary War.

47. THE BATTLE OF BUNKER (BREED’S) HILL, JUNE, 1775

48. WHAT HAPPENED: PATRIOTS MOVED TO OCCUPY THE PENINSULA NEAR BOSTON; TURNED INTO AN ARMED CAMP COL. WILLIAM PRESCOTT’S ORDERS: “DON’T FIRE TILL YOU SEE THE WHITES OF THEIR EYES!” BRITISH GENERAL WILLIAM HOWE: BRITISH GENERAL; WITH 2200 MEN FORMED ASSAULT LINES; RETOOK BREEDS HILL & BUNKER HILL AFTER 2 ND ATTEMPT (PATRIOTS HAD RUN OUT OF GUN POWDER) WINNER: THE BRITISH BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL

49. LAST CHANCE FOR PEACE

50. OLIVE BRANCH PETITION JULY 1775 CONGRESS SENT LETTER TO LONDON BEGGING KING GEORGE III TO STOP WAR; HE REFUSED RESULT: WASHINGTON MOVED HIS ARMY TO DORCHESTER HEIGHTS & BOMBARDED BOSTON IN JANUARY 1776; BRITISH FLED!

51. PUSH FOR INDEPENDENCE

52. Common Sense Thomas Paine, 1776 JANUARY 1776; POPULAR 46 PAGE PAMPHLET CALLING FOR INDEPENDENCE!

53. THE VIRGINIA RESOLUTIONS BY RICHARD HENRY LEE COLONIES SHOULD BECOME INDEPENDENT STATES, FORM FOREIGN ALLIANCES, JOIN TOGETHER IN A CONFEDERATION THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE JULY 4, 1776 JEFFERSON’S BEST-KNOWN PASSAGE: “ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL” WHO WERE “THE PEOPLE?” FREE WHITE MEN CUT FROM THE FINAL DOCUMENT: PASSAGE CONDEMNING THE SLAVE TRADE