ده إيه الجمال ده كله بس؟ - عليا الطلاق ولا تطلع من إيد أى حد فى مصر كلها
ELI = Volt leads current in the Inductor
dielectric - you said dielectric?
My research students calibration of two Vegetronix VH400 sensors - mVolt values for samples 1 and 2 at several different moisture contents
توجد عشرات الطرق غير المباشرة لتقدير المحتوى الرطوبى فى الأراضى بالاعتماد على خاصية ما للمياه وللتربة - ولكن القليل منها يسهل استعماله ويعطى نتائجاً مباشرة ولا يحطم بناء التربة ولا يحتاج إلى نقل عينات - والقليل فقط يمكن توصله بصمام للتحكم فى فتح وغلق مصدر الرى لجعل عملية الرى آلية - ومن هذا القليل للغاية تأتى تقنية (حيّز التردد) وهى تقنية حديثة سريعة ونظيفة ولكنها - كباقى الطرق غير المباشرة لتقدير رطوبة التربة - تحتاج إلى معايرة أمام الطريقة الوزنية المرجعية. هذه الوثيقة توضح ذك من حيث الأساس العلمى ومن حيث نموذج المعايرة
محاضرتى عن كهرومغنطيسية رطوبة الأراضى
نسخة منقحة ونهائية توضح أسرار استخدام "مجس سعة" أحادى الشريحة فى التقدير السريع لرطوبة الأراضى والتحكم فى فتح وإغلاق مصدر رى من أجل تقليل فواقد المياه المستخدمة فى الزارعة - هذه الوثيقة تقدم عرضاً متكاملاً لأحدث تقنية فى هذا المجال الحيوى
رصد رطوبة الأراضى - تحكم آلى فى الرى - مجس سعة
FDR irrigation sensor -
Irrigation automation
أفتكر الإضافات الأخيرة جعلت الموضوع شديد الوضوح
الموضوع ده مش للعياقة والهزار والمنظرة - الموضوع ده للتحكم فى مياه الرى التى يسرف فيها المصريون بلا أى داعى وبيبوظوا بيها أحود الأراضى - بس ياريت نافع - أهو بننفخ فى قربة مقطوعة وخلاص - وهل فى البلد دى سوى القرب المقطوعة؟ - الأمر لله - حانعمل إيه يعنى؟ - هى مصر كده
التعديل الأخير - أنا زهقت من الشغلانة دى
Calibration of FDR sensor for irrigation automation
Mohamed Fahmy Hussein
Cairo University
The theoretical basis of FDR sensors is often obscure for many scientists and field users. The present work introduces the concept and gives a first local calibration of two affordable VH400 Frequency Domain Reflectometry (FDR) sensors (running at 80 MG Hz) from Vegetronics, Utah, USA, enhanced by local electronic components. The two calibrations were carried out in August 2013 (35°C) and January 2014 (15°C) at Cairo University, Egypt. The full scale relationships of moisture content to mV and soil dielectric, among others, were all non-linear. However, for the narrower scale useful for soil moisture contents, from wilting point to saturation, were acceptably linear. The observed strong linearity in this narrower range makes the sensor practical for irrigation automated control. A famous power dielectric mixing-formula was used to estimate soil dielectric from three components mixing (minerals, water and air). Temperature decrease significantly increased soil dielectric values of the used sand sediments of the Nile bank that were adjusted to given moisture contents. Temperature dependence urges that the calibration process must be run at least four times per year for each soil material. Irrigation automation is particularly needed in for the partial fulfillment of irrigation control in order to tackle Egypt's augmenting water scarcity problems.
Calibration of FDR sensor for irrigation automation
Mohamed Fahmy Hussein
Cairo University
The theoretical basis of FDR sensors is often obscure for many scientists and field users. The present work introduces the concept and gives a first local calibration of two affordable VH400 Frequency Domain Reflectometry (FDR) sensors (running at 80 MG Hz) from Vegetronics, Utah, USA, enhanced by local electronic components. The two calibrations were carried out in August 2013 (35°C) and January 2014 (15°C) at Cairo University, Egypt. The full scale relationships of moisture content to mV and soil dielectric, among others, were all non-linear. However, for the narrower scale useful for soil moisture contents, from wilting point to saturation, were acceptably linear. The observed strong linearity in this narrower range makes the sensor practical for irrigation automated control. A famous power dielectric mixing-formula was used to estimate soil dielectric from three components mixing (minerals, water and air). Temperature decrease significantly increased soil dielectric values of the used sand sediments of the Nile bank that were adjusted to given moisture contents. Temperature dependence urges that the calibration process must be run at least four times per year for each soil material. Irrigation automation is particularly needed in for the partial fulfillment of irrigation control in order to tackle Egypt's augmenting water scarcity problems.
امتحان علي الحث الكهرومغناطيسي - 3ث - 2015 - يقيس المستويات العليا في التفكيرMohamed Shalaby
امتحان علي الحث الكهرومغناطيسي - 3ث - 2015 - يقيس المستويات العليا في التفكير
م/محمد أحمد محمد شلبي
مهندس بقسم الفيزيقا والرياضيات الهندسية
قسم هندسة الالكترونيات والاتصالات الكهربية
( امتحان فيزياء السودان 2015 مرفق الاجابات النموذجية ( نموذج اجابة وزارة التر...Mohamed Shalaby
( امتحان فيزياء السودان 2015 مرفق الاجابات النموذجية ( نموذج اجابة وزارة التربية والتعليم
م/محمد أحمد محمد شلبي
مهندس بقسم الفيزيقا والرياضيات الهندسية
قسم هندسة الالكترونيات والاتصالات الكهربية
احترف الالكترونيات وعلم الهندسة بكل بساطةWalid Issa
دورة الالكترونيات العملية باللغة العربية بطريقة علمية وعملية ايضا ... تعلم علم التحكم وعلم الهندسة الالكترونية وكل ما تفكر فيه يمكن ان تجد اجابته هنا .. العناصر الالكترونية هو اول المشوار ودورة الالكترونيات العملية للمهندس وليد عيسى على اليوتيوب وعلى الموقع هي البداية
Clayey Soil degradation is detected via a recent method (introduced by Monier, 1994, in France) for the calculation of a Structure Index using three fluids
The Kings of Mohamed Aly Royal Family of Egypt were all much better than the poor and stupid military terrorists who governed the country since 1952. Those kings were people of high-end culture and fine royal education. The poor military criminals who governed the country since 1952 have transformed Egypt into a dirty country where is no place for neither science nor education nor culture. The Montazah Palace shown in this presentation is a piece of beauty built by those great kings in the first half of the 20th century. I wish they had never left the country for the military bandits who turned Egypt into a great prison where the police practice all the high-end crimes against their own citizens in the police stations all over the country through physical and psychological torture every day and night since 1952 up to today.
Solute transport parameters for three sediments with different texture and structure are obtained via a lab column breakthrough (BTC) technique and modeling
This document discusses various renewable energy sources including solar power, wind power, geothermal energy, hydroelectric power, and tidal energy. It provides details on how each works, including converting sunlight to electricity using solar panels, harnessing the kinetic energy of wind with turbines, using underground heat from rocks to create steam and drive turbines, harnessing the power of moving water via dams to turn turbines, and capturing the kinetic energy of ocean tides with underwater turbines. The pros and cons of each type of renewable energy are outlined.
Climate Change, Can Technological Development save the world ?Mohammed Alnajjar
The document discusses the existing situation regarding climate change and technological developments to address it. It outlines various large-scale power plants and renewable energy projects around the world, including the largest solar, wind and hydroelectric plants. It also discusses policies and programs implemented by countries to mitigate climate change through energy efficiency, renewable energy, carbon reduction and environmental awareness initiatives. The document suggests technological solutions like energy efficiency, energy storage and smart grid technologies could help address climate change issues if further developed and implemented on a global scale.
The document discusses the need for alternative energy sources due to the finite and unsustainable nature of fossil fuels. It then outlines various alternative energy sources including solar, wind, geothermal, and tidal energies. For each type of alternative energy, it provides brief descriptions of the technology and how it works to generate energy. Overall benefits of alternative renewable energies are also highlighted such as being sustainable and producing minimal environmental impact and pollution.
امتحان علي الحث الكهرومغناطيسي - 3ث - 2015 - يقيس المستويات العليا في التفكيرMohamed Shalaby
امتحان علي الحث الكهرومغناطيسي - 3ث - 2015 - يقيس المستويات العليا في التفكير
م/محمد أحمد محمد شلبي
مهندس بقسم الفيزيقا والرياضيات الهندسية
قسم هندسة الالكترونيات والاتصالات الكهربية
( امتحان فيزياء السودان 2015 مرفق الاجابات النموذجية ( نموذج اجابة وزارة التر...Mohamed Shalaby
( امتحان فيزياء السودان 2015 مرفق الاجابات النموذجية ( نموذج اجابة وزارة التربية والتعليم
م/محمد أحمد محمد شلبي
مهندس بقسم الفيزيقا والرياضيات الهندسية
قسم هندسة الالكترونيات والاتصالات الكهربية
احترف الالكترونيات وعلم الهندسة بكل بساطةWalid Issa
دورة الالكترونيات العملية باللغة العربية بطريقة علمية وعملية ايضا ... تعلم علم التحكم وعلم الهندسة الالكترونية وكل ما تفكر فيه يمكن ان تجد اجابته هنا .. العناصر الالكترونية هو اول المشوار ودورة الالكترونيات العملية للمهندس وليد عيسى على اليوتيوب وعلى الموقع هي البداية
Clayey Soil degradation is detected via a recent method (introduced by Monier, 1994, in France) for the calculation of a Structure Index using three fluids
The Kings of Mohamed Aly Royal Family of Egypt were all much better than the poor and stupid military terrorists who governed the country since 1952. Those kings were people of high-end culture and fine royal education. The poor military criminals who governed the country since 1952 have transformed Egypt into a dirty country where is no place for neither science nor education nor culture. The Montazah Palace shown in this presentation is a piece of beauty built by those great kings in the first half of the 20th century. I wish they had never left the country for the military bandits who turned Egypt into a great prison where the police practice all the high-end crimes against their own citizens in the police stations all over the country through physical and psychological torture every day and night since 1952 up to today.
Solute transport parameters for three sediments with different texture and structure are obtained via a lab column breakthrough (BTC) technique and modeling
This document discusses various renewable energy sources including solar power, wind power, geothermal energy, hydroelectric power, and tidal energy. It provides details on how each works, including converting sunlight to electricity using solar panels, harnessing the kinetic energy of wind with turbines, using underground heat from rocks to create steam and drive turbines, harnessing the power of moving water via dams to turn turbines, and capturing the kinetic energy of ocean tides with underwater turbines. The pros and cons of each type of renewable energy are outlined.
Climate Change, Can Technological Development save the world ?Mohammed Alnajjar
The document discusses the existing situation regarding climate change and technological developments to address it. It outlines various large-scale power plants and renewable energy projects around the world, including the largest solar, wind and hydroelectric plants. It also discusses policies and programs implemented by countries to mitigate climate change through energy efficiency, renewable energy, carbon reduction and environmental awareness initiatives. The document suggests technological solutions like energy efficiency, energy storage and smart grid technologies could help address climate change issues if further developed and implemented on a global scale.
The document discusses the need for alternative energy sources due to the finite and unsustainable nature of fossil fuels. It then outlines various alternative energy sources including solar, wind, geothermal, and tidal energies. For each type of alternative energy, it provides brief descriptions of the technology and how it works to generate energy. Overall benefits of alternative renewable energies are also highlighted such as being sustainable and producing minimal environmental impact and pollution.
This document discusses various aspects of creative thinking and problem solving. It lists factors that contribute to creativity such as knowledge, experience, observation skills, common sense, passion, attitude, dreams, leadership, awareness, meditation, imagination, vision, initiative, intelligence, emotional intelligence, self-awareness, motivation, empathy, flexibility, enthusiasm, and more. It also discusses potential barriers such as fear, worry, arrogance, and rushing. Additionally, it outlines the stages of creativity as preparation, absorption, incubation, illumination, and verification. Finally, it provides tips for thinking outside the box and employing techniques like brainstorming, hypothesis generation, alternative evaluation, and selection criteria.
This document discusses various renewable energy sources and technologies, including their operation and potential in Greece. It outlines that wind power depends on wind velocity and density, with average speeds above 10 m/s considered high potential. Solar power from photovoltaic systems and active solar can generate electricity from the sun, and Greece receives long periods of sunshine. Small hydroelectric plants harness solar-powered hydrological cycles without large reservoirs. Geothermal energy on the island of Nisyros provides heat from underground water, powering the local economy. The document promotes renewable sources as inexhaustible and preventing greenhouse gas emissions.
The document discusses the need for alternative energy sources due to the finite nature and environmental impact of fossil fuels. It notes that fossil fuels currently supply around 90% of the world's energy but have a limited lifespan of 40-50 years for oil. Burning fossil fuels also contributes to issues like global warming, acid rain and pollution. Alternative renewable sources like solar, wind and hydroelectric offer advantages as they are inexhaustible, clean and available worldwide at small scales. While nuclear power was once seen as an alternative, it produces dangerous radioactive waste and risks like Chernobyl undermine public confidence in it.
The document discusses the history of alternative energies and provides examples of alternatives that have been used throughout history to replace dominant energy sources. It notes that coal was used as an alternative to wood in Europe in the 1500s due to deforestation. In the 19th century, petroleum replaced whale oil as the dominant lubricant and fuel after whale stocks were depleted. More recently, alternatives like solar, wind, geothermal, biofuels and nuclear energy have been developed and advocated as replacements for fossil fuels to address concerns about sustainability and climate change. The document provides overview information on common alternative energy types as well as emerging concepts.
1) The document discusses concepts of energy, work, and potential energy. It defines energy as involving physical processes and transfers in the universe.
2) Work is defined as the product of the force applied, displacement of the force, and the cosine of the angle between them. Positive work is when the force and displacement are in the same direction.
3) There are different types of potential energy including gravitational potential energy, which depends on height above a reference point, and elastic potential energy stored in springs. Potential energy is based on the configuration of interacting objects in a system.
The Journey to Now and Beyond - Communications Laura Dunkley
How far have we come? Where are we going? A glimpse into the past for graphic design & communications, digital disruption, content marketing (planning, content, distribution), and best practices. Presentation & Workshop for Brock University Masters Class - Foundations of Sustainability Science and Society - Environmental Communications. Nov. 2016
This document provides an introduction and history of Hernani, a municipality in Eastern Samar, Philippines. Some key points:
- Hernani was originally called Nag-as and was founded in 1850 by settlers from Samar. It grew through agriculture and trade.
- In 1864, it was made a regular municipality through a royal decree and its name was changed to Hernani. However, in 1897 a tidal wave destroyed much of the town, forcing survivors to relocate.
- The document discusses Hernani's current geography, population, education programs and statistics. It also outlines the municipal's annual improvement plan, issues faced, lessons learned and recommendations to address challenges like low participation and passing rates.
في هذا العرض أقدم دراسة موجزة جدّاً عن تجربة السويد في مجال التخلص من النفايات و توليد الطاقة منها محوّلة النفايات إلى مصدر متجدد يمدّ السويديين بالكهرباء و التدفئة .. تجربة رائدة على مستوى العالم و مثال يحتذى . ويتضمن العرض فصلاً موجزاً ايضاً عن كيفية الإستفادة من تلك التجربة في سوريا ( محافظة طرطوس مثالاً )
Two quantities of the same type so he does not have a measurement or called Yenite is not unity. The ability factor in the exclusive physical loads is equal to one (1) because the actors in this case are the same as the phenomenon as there is no ability to be an inductive or capable. The ability coefficient is sorry for zero zero because zero actors in these loads. The same thing in the capacity is zero capacity for the same reason. The insuptive capacity is a capacity that arises because of rhythm and condensate files and has no specific place because they are frequented back and forth between the generator and pregnancy as they are in the form of SINE WAVE, which is an average that is equal to zero, which is not valuable or beneficial only to the file Or condenser as a result of a current traffic and the presence of voltage teams.
8. A sensor is a converter that measures
a physical quantity
and converts it into a signal
which can be read by an observer
or by an (today mostly electronic) instrument.
For example, a mercury-in-glass thermometer
converts the measured temperature into
expansion and contraction of a liquid
which can be read on a calibrated glass tube.
A thermocouple converts temperature
to an output voltage which can be read by
a voltmeter.
For accuracy, most sensors
are calibrated against known standards.
طاقة يلوحت هو حساس جمس ىأ ساسأ
يلوبتح تقوم داةأ ىل العام إمسلا
إىلا وىلأ صورة من الطاقة
هو نيةاث صورةانسدورسرت
Transducer
لكمة منيلوحت
Transduction
طاقة مصدر
+مفيد تخداماس
+اقدوف
9.
10. Two concepts for the use of the
Dielectric Constant:
and R
Time Domain Reflectometry
and
Frequency Domain Reflectometry
ننير دلارة الكهرىب احلقل سليطت عند(بياركه متذبذبة)مكوانهتا ئياتزج عىل تقطابالاس يمت بةرتال عىل
املاءهل اذلى بةرتابل الوحيد املكون هوتقطاىبسا كهرىب عزل اثبتتفعرماملكوانت من بغريه نةرابملقا
13. لوحة«يالىر»بةومنا(مترمس تيار يةرببطا شاشة وأ رى بصامم بطهرل ابجملس توصل)4*5مس
DC Latching Relay Board
الفكرة:اثبتالكهرىب العزلبةوالرط بةنس تغري مع يتغري بةرتلل--->تخدميسفلقياسها جمس
Dielectric constant measuring sensor probe - based on FDR
Sensor for Detection
Relay for Voltage
Comparison and
Data Transmission
Valve
or Monitor
18. R
Frequency Domain Reflectometry
Reflectometry is a noninvasive technique that allows the analysis of properties of a medium.
This technique is based on the reflection of waves at the interface of interest. Waves propagates
into a medium (according to the laws of propagation into the medium studied) and when it
encounters a discontinuity (impedance break), part of its energy is reflected back to injection
point. The analysis of the reflected signal can infer information about the system or the medium
under consideration.
ننير دلارة الكهرىب احلقل سليطت عند(بياركه متذبذبة)مكوانهتا ئياتزج عىل تقطابالاس يمت بةرتال عىل
املاءهل اذلى بةرتابل الوحيد املكون هوتقطاىبسا كهرىب عزل اثبتتفعرماملكوانت من بغريه نةرابملقا
20. ننير دلارة الكهرىب احلقل سليطت عند(بياركه متذبذبة)مكوانهتا ئياتزج عىل تقطابالاس يمت بةرتال عىل
Soil works as part of the electric oscillator’s capacitor. The “soil
mixture” will show high values for the “dielectric constant”
when moisture content increases (higher dielectric constant
in case of higher moisture content and vice versa)
املاءهل اذلى بةرتابل الوحيد املكون هوتقطاىبسا كهرىب عزل اثبتتفعرماملكوانت من بغريه نةرابملقا
21.
22. LC & RLC ننير دارة
الساعة عقارب عكس بتيار ُشحني املكثف مينيلا عىل--->ال عقارب مع يصبحف الاجتاه ينعكس يسارلا عىلساعة
يةربطا من مترمس بتيار تغذيهتا انبدأ نإاو حىت التذبذب دارة ىف مرتدد تيار نشأي(ذا ادلارة ىف الرتدد نلىت)
التذبذب ىف ننيرال دارة تبدأ مترمس وأ مرتدد تيار وفصل توصيل عند(اذل املرتدد الكهرىب حقلها نشأياىت)
Oscillation of magnetic energy (in the inductor) and electric energy (in the capacitor)
23. LC نوع من ننير دارة
بني الطاقة تبادل ارربتك ننيرال دارة ىف الرتدد نشأيمكثف(بيةركه طاقة به)وملف(يةيسطمغنا طاقة به)اررمتساب
Oscillation of the magnetic energy (in inductor) and the electric energy (in capacitor)
هبا نشأي ننيرال دارة(الطاقة بتبادل)متذبذب مضاد كهرىب حقل(يةربطا من مترمس بتيار تغذيهتا متت نإاو حىت)
45. J. Agr. Sci. Tech. (2010) Vol. 12: 339-346
Estimation of Leaf Moisture Content by Measuring the Capacitance
A. Afzal1, S. F. Mousavi2*, and M. Khademi2
1 Department of Agricultural Machinery, College of Agriculture, Isfahan
University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Islamic Republic of Iran.
2 Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of
Technology, P. O. Box: 84156-83111, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
* Corresponding author; e-mail: mousavi@cc.iut.ac.ir
It is expected that
when the sensor is
made up of 1 plate
(not 2 plates that
sandwich the
dielectric as usual),
the capacitance will
stay the same (since
removal corresponds
to theoretically
changing A in the
nominator and d in
the denominator by
same factor).
46. Removing second plate means the increase of A & d by the same factor
and the same results are obtained when using 2 plates sensor or 1 plate sensor
57. يبيةرتق خطية خلط معادةل
العزل لثابتتقطاىبالاس
(دياكجون من)
… and a site emphasizing on calibration for each soil type apart
and referring to matric potential rather than moisture content
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-73862002000300012
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