@User Driven Open Ecosystems go really Local, in Mechelen (Belgium) 22nd - 23rd, 2012

1. www.fireball4smartcities.eu
Smart
Ci)es
as
Innova)on
Ecosystems
Sustained
by
the
Future
Internet
-­‐
Landscape,
cases,
policies
Mechelen,
22.05.2012
Hans
Schaffers
ESoCE
Net
&
Aalto
University
School
of
Economics,
CKIR
ScienBfic
Coordinator
of
FIREBALL

2. The
“Smart
City”
concept
q We
oIen
consider
–
based
on
rankings
-­‐
the
Smart
City
as
a
reality
q Smart
City:
not
a
reality
but
an
urban
development
strategy,
and
a
mostly
technology
driven
future
vision
q Smart
City
is
about
how
ciBzens
are
shaping
the
city,
and
how
ciBzens
are
empowered
to
contribute
to
urban
development
q Smart
City
is
an
urban
laboratory,
an
urban
“innovaBon
ecology”,
an
accelerator
and
agent
of
change
q We
are
witnessing
promising
developments
towards
smarter
ciBes
q What
is
the
DNA
of
the
Smart
City?

3. The
FIREBALL
Project
q CiBes
increasingly
transform
into
what
can
be
called
“urban
innovaBon
ecosystems“
q CiBes
start
experimenBng
the
opportuniBes
of
the
(Future)
Internet
through
“living
labs”
approaches
for
engaging
end-­‐
users
in
the
innovaBon
process
q FIREBALL
aims
to
bring
together
CiBes,
Living
Labs
and
Future
Internet
stakeholders
to
explore
models
and
pracBces
of
how
open
innovaBon
and
user
parBcipaBon
supports
the
experimentaBon
and
uptake
of
the
Future
Internet

4. FIREBALL
Results
q Smart
city
vision,
landscape
q Cases
of
“smart(er)
ciBes”
®
®
q Smart
city
Future
Internet
-­‐
®
enabled
“innovaBon
®
®
ecosystems”
®
®
®
q Smart
CiBes
roadmap
and
ciBes
acBon
plans
q Community
building
,
creaBon
of
a
Connected
Smart
CiBes
network
q Portal
and
web
2.0
tools

5. Smarter
Ci)es
Cases
Intel
Industry
i-­‐Transport
hubs
Smart
clusters
and
Housing
Districts
sectors
q Thessaloniki:
Technology
districts
and
Smart
Port
district Intel CBD
broadband
deployment,
relaBvely
i-­‐University
uncoordinated.
Governance
i-­‐Science
challenges
of
digital
ciBes,
combining
Parks and
Incubators
bo^om-­‐up
and
top-­‐down
planning;
gaps
in
digital
skills,
creaBvity,
entrepreneurship
q Oulu:
Careful
ecosystem
building
and
nurturing
(triple
helix)
,
supported
by
diverse
ICT
systems,
may
support
urban
development.
q Amsterdam:
Enabled
by
advanced
infrastructure,
partnerships
and
co-­‐
funded
programs
lie
at
the
basis
of
formulaBng
joint
smart
city
strategies
and
shared
innovaBon
agendas.

6. Smarter
Ci)es
Cases
q Helsinki:
innovaBon
cluster
policy,
emphasis
on
open
innovaBon
and
ciBzen
parBcipaBon.
Instruments:
compeBBons
for
innovaBons,
innovaBon
within
pre-­‐commercial
procurement,
living
labs
pilots,
Open
Data,
public-­‐private
partnerships.
q Manchester:
Neighborhood
regeneraBon
as
starBng
point;
digital
infrastructure,
ciBzen
engagement,
creaBon
of
“virtuous
cycles”
q Barcelona:
urban
development
policy,
main
components
of
the
Smart
City
strategy
include
Smart
districts,
living
labs
iniBaBves,
e-­‐Services,
Infrastructures
and
Open
Data.

7. Barcelona smart city development
Leading role of City Hall
Smart
city
Strategy
SC
Management
• Kiosks • 22@net
• Barc
activa
• Internal
gov • Tech
park
• Open
data • Urban
Lab
• 3D
projects SMART
SMART
• Strategic
plan
" Smart
Districts:
" CreaBon
of
networks
of
GOVERNA
NCE
ECONOMY
22@Barcelona;
triple
actors,
organisaBons,
helix
collaboraBons
departments
SMART
LIVING
SMART
PEOPLE
" Living
Lab
ini)a)ves:
" Broadband
network
and
• Municipal
Police • Cibernarium
22@Urban
Lab,
Live,
sensor
data
management
• New
incidents
tools
• Intel
environments
• Citilab
Cornella
Bdigital,
i2Cat,
Fablab,
" CreaBon
of
proof
of
Cornella
concepts
for
systems
and
Smart
city
model:
" Infrastructure
applicaBons
building:
tradiBonal
Three
pillars
and
new.
IntegraBon
of
Challenges
" Ubiquitous
ICT.
From
fibre
opBc
to
" Demand
for
human
Wi-­‐Fi.
capital
and
skills
infrastructures
" New
services
to
" VC
funding
for
innovaBon
" InformaBon
from
ci)zens:
gov,
quality
of
life,
professional
" Low
global
connecBvity
sensors,
open
data,
Open
data:
sensors,
" Development
of
triple
and
ciBzens
"
helix
alliances
open
standard,
and
city
" Human
capital,
actors,
plaeorm
" CollaboraBon
between
communiBes
government
departments

8. Thessaloniki smart city development
ICT transforming city activities and ecosystems
Broadband
networks
Apps
and
e-­‐services:
Planning
for
Smart
by
large
companies
BoQom-­‐up
ini)a)ves
district
" ADSL:
24/1
Mb
" City
representaBon
" Development
of
wired
" City
sectors
and
wireless
networks
" Fibre
opBc
net:
2,5
Gb
" City
districts
" Free
Internet
to
users
" 3G-­‐HSDPA:
42
Mb
" CiBzens.
AggregaBon
/
and
business.
collecBve
content
" Wireless:
free
" City
administraBon
and
" Smart
environments
(municipal
nets)
social
services
based
on
sensors
" LocaBon-­‐based
services
" e-­‐services
suitable
for
" City
infrastructure
and
the
community
of
each
uBliBes
district
" City
management
" Training
services
for
involvement
of
end-­‐users
Governance
challenges:
Three
gaps
to
address
(1) Digital
skills
gap
-­‐
TRAINING
(2) CreaBvity
gap
–
LIVING
LABS
(3) Entrepreneurship
gap
–
BUSINESS
MODELS

9. Manchester smart city development
Digital strategies and smart environments for urban renewal
Urban
regenera)on
Digital
Strategy
Toward
Smart
City
Flagship
ini)a)ves
" Since
mid-­‐1980s
the
Started
in
2008
and
review
" East
Manchester:
a
City
Council
embarked
in
2011
with
respect
to
regeneraBon
challenge
EU
Digital
Agenda
and
" Eastserve:
first
Living
Lab
on
city
regeneraBon
consulBng
with
local
" Corridor
Living
lab
NGA
Ø Drive
economic
change
stakeholders.
Main
project
through
technology
objecBves:
" Next
generaBon
open
Ø Focus
on
" Digital
inclusion,
access
fibre
opBc
generate
skills
and
network
neighborhood
focused
tackle
the
divides
Principles
for
Smart
Ci)es
acBon,
creaBve
city,
" Digital
industries,
" Neighbourhood
and
innovaBon
new
employment,
regeneraBon
as
starBng
point
for
a
smart
city
" In
1990s
Manchester
cluster
of
digital
and
" Digital
collaboraBons
creaBve
businesses
through
Living
Labs
telemaBcs
Partnership
" Digital
innova)on:
" Pulng
people
at
the
" Currently,
e-­‐services
to
working
with
the
future
heart
of
the
agenda
address
inequaliBes
Internet
research
" An
inclusive
and
and
digital
democracy
community
to
support
sustainable
approach
to
Manchester
as
Smart
digital
development
" Balance
of
top-­‐down
City
" Exemplar
projects
and
bo^om-­‐up
acBons

10. Helsinki smart city development
Living Labs and new clusters for smart city strategy
A
Porterian
cluster
in
mobile
technology
is
emerging
in
Helsinki.
" Clustering
strengthens
moBvaBon,
incenBves,
innovaBon,
and
enables
externaliBes
.
" The
mobile
applicaBons
cluster
is
sustaining
Helsinki
‘s
Smart
City
strategy
Factor
condi)ons:
Demand
condi)ons:
Firm
strategy:
Suppor)ng
industries:
Broadband,
telecoms,
Government
demand,
Companies
within
Broadband
infrastructure,
NOKIA,
skilled
banking
,
SMOPEC,
global
3G
nets,
specialized
workforce,
start-­‐ups
transportaBon,
etc
markets,
intense
local
service
providers
compeBBon
Compe))ons
for
Open
Data
apps
as
strategy
for
cluster
development
" The
Helsinki
Regions
made
available
public
transportaBon
data
" Apps4Finland
makes
data
available
related
to
environment
and
spaBal
informaBon
" CompeBBons
and
Living
Labs
as
drivers
for
the
M-­‐cluster
development

11. Empowerment
Examples
q Thessaloniki:
emergence
of
developer
communiBes:
e-­‐services
and
applicaBons
e.g.
mobility
services
q Oulu:
PATIO
(test
user
community
tool):
empower
ordinary
people
to
experiment
new
services
q Manchester:
Digital
City
Test-­‐Bed
(as
a
vision)
q Barcelona:
22@Urban
Lab:
city
as
urban
lab,
pilot
programs,
use
of
public
spaces,
e.g.
Open
data
q Helsinki:
compeBBons
for
innovaBve
applicaBons
e.g.
Apps4Finland;
InnovaBve
City
program;
Open
Data
business
development
iniBaBves

12. Smart
ci)zens
and
Open
Data
–
Helsinki
examples
Tell-on-the-Map
q Smart
city
–
service
– map-based
organisaBon
in
an
Commentary
tool, enabling a
innovaBve
dialogue
environment
between citizens
and city
q ExploiBng
available
informaBon
Apps4Finland
competition –
q Idea
incubators
use
city
Helsinki
Public
data
–
Apps4Finland
Transport
compeBBon
Visualised
q Open
interfaces
are
an
Service Map:
important
step
in
the
open information
channel about
development
of
offices and
the
City’s
systems
services

13. Smart
city
strategies
implementa)on
prospects
and
boQlenecks:
SWOT
Strengths
Opportuni)es
•
Cultural
heritage,
a^racBveness
•
CompeBBveness
of
local
clusters
•
Development
strategies,
planning
•
ExploiBng
service
innovaBon
•
Broadband
network
deployment
opportuniBes
towards
new
business
•
Major
development
iniBaBves
•
OpportuniBes
for
local
ICT
sectors
and
entrepreneurship
•
Introducing
parBcipatory
city
planning
Weaknesses
Threats
•
Top
down
orientaBon
to
planning
•
Economic
crisis,
lack
of
resources
•
Lacking
a^enBon
to
concrete
needs
of
•
Vulnerable
business
models
for
ciBzens
and
SMEs
sustainability
of
public
sector
iniBaBves
•
Digital
gaps
•
Low
level
of
private
investment
in
R&D
•
Lacking
orientaBon
on
entrepreneurship
and
innovaBon
•
Weak
policy
and
funding
instruments
•
Weak
insBtuBonal
environments
for
•
Impact
and
benefits
measurement
technology
and
innovaBon

14. Comparing
the
smart(er)
city
cases
Helsinki
Thessaloniki
Manchester
Oulu
Barcelona
Concept
Smart
City
Intelligent
CiBes
Urban
City
of
Social
and
cluster,
Mobile
regeneraBon
InnovaBon
urban
growth
Strategies
Knowledge
Building
smart
Tackling
skills
Technology
Smart
intensive
districts
and
divides
Ubiquitous
districts,
cluster
building
AgglomeraBon
of
Pro-­‐acBve
Oulu
Urban
Living
Apps
approach
Lab
Drivers
Strengthen
the
ICT
and
Economic
Policy
and
Policies
of
city
region
infrastructure
development
strategies
of
hall;
triple
deployment
Oulu
helix
Challenges
Human
capital
Digital
skills
gaps
Common
Adapt
policy
Enhancing
base
CreaBvity
gap
digital
agenda
instruments
to
collaboraBon;
Entrepreneurship
create
human
gap
business
capital
/
skills,
funding
Innova)on
Public
private
InnovaBon
Living
labs
and
Strong
PPP
City
hall
ecosystem
partnerships
clusters
local
acBon
programmes,
leadership;
CompeBBon
for
Technology
triple
helix,
Triple
Helix
innovaBon
districts
urban
lab
models

15. Smart
Ci)es
cases
-­‐
lessons
learned
q Smart
city
is
more
an
urban
strategy
than
an
urban
reality.
Smart
ciBes
will
appear
through
numerous
bo^om-­‐up
iniBaBves
besides
some
strategic
planning,
and
infrastructure
development.
q Top-­‐down
planning
and
bo^om-­‐up
iniBaBves
should
complement
each
other.
City
hall
is
someBmes
dominant.
Dilemmas
of
ciBzen
engagement.
q Widespread
use
of
pilots
is
preparing
ciBes
for
iniBaBve,
experiment
and
learning
q Districts,
neighborhoods,
and
clusters
are
fundamental
elements
of
smart
city
strategy,
because
the
city
is
a
system
of
systems,
and
ciBes
co-­‐exist
within
ciBes.
q A
smart
city
strategy
involves
all
actors,
organizaBons,
communiBes,
R&D,
NGOs,
clusters,
and
authoriBes.
The
partnership
strategy
should
achieve
a
common
vision,
flagship
projects,
collaboraBon
and
synergy.
q Major
challenges
for
successful
smart
city
strategies
deal
with
skills,
creaBviBes,
user-­‐driven
innovaBon,
entrepreneurship,
VC
funding,
and
management
of
intra-­‐government
rivalries.
q Lack
of
evidence
on
impact
and
effecBveness
of
smart
city
strategies.

16. Smart
city
innova)on
ecologies
enabled
by
“common
assets”
q Future
Internet
testbeds
as
technology
plaeorms
q Smart
ciBes:
policies,
applicaBon
pull,
public
data,
ciBzens
iniBaBves
q Living
lab:
User-­‐driven
playground
for
co-­‐
creaBng
and
validaBng
innovaBve
scenarios
and
services

17. Examples
of
evolving
smart
city
“innova)on
ecologies”
q Bretagne:
ImaginLab
testbed
explores
advanced
applicaBons
in
living
lab
selng,
offering
wide
range
of
services,
enabled
by
advanced
infrastructure,
based
on
partnership
business
model
q Oulu:
Octopus
network,
InnovaBon
Kitchen,
Open
Web
Lab,
LearnLab,
ImaginLab
Ubiquitous
Oulu
and
many
more
q Barcelona:
a
diverse
set
of
network
infrastructures,
faciliBes,
iniBaBves
(22@UrbanLab),
living
labs,
projects,
planning
acBviBes,
partnerships
q Manchester:
advanced
infrastructure
of
open
access
fibre
to
premises;
support
creaBon
of
;
co-­‐ownership
approaches
Manchester

18. Simple
models
for
concurrent
use
of
testbed
and
living
labs
facili)es

19. Developing
into
a
smart
city
requires
“systemic
change”
q
An
innovaBon
roadmap
is
a
tool
for
creaBng
consensus
and
understanding
about
potenBal
futures
and
about
the
pathways
towards
these
futures
Present
Short
term
Mid
term
Long
term
Urban
development
Policies
and
strategies
ICT-­‐based
solu)ons
Technology
development
q Understanding
smart
city
dynamic
development
as
“systemic
change”
requires
understanding
of
interplays
and
co-­‐evoluBon
regarding
technology
developments,
human
behaviours,
policies
and
strategies
q Living
Labs,
policy
experiments
may
act
as
“niches”
where
opportuniBes
are
provided
for
limited
scale
innova)on
and
learning
(introducBon,
use,
evaluaBon,
modificaBon
-­‐>
wider
scale
adopBon)

20. Changes
and
developments
q Increasing
deployment
of
broadband
infrastructure
and
creaBon
of
open
networks
and
open
data
repositories
q Many
ciBes
are
developing
Smart
City
strategies,
in
the
context
of
urban
development,
sustainable
growth,
revitalisaBon,
and
innovaBon
districts
q Increasing
parBcipaBon
and
empowerment
of
ciBzens
in
societal
issues,
using
social
media
and
open
data
on
a
wider
scale
q Increasing
interest
for
wider
scale
tesBng
of
services
and
soluBons
e.g.
energy
efficiency,
healthcare,
environment
monitoring,
mobility
q Diversity
of
technologies
for
smart
city
applicaBons
is
becoming
rapidly
available
(mobile
broadband,
cloud
compuBng,
open
data,
smart
devices,
content
management,
Web
2.0)
q User
driven
open
innovaBon
in
ciBes
(e.g.
Crowd
sourcing
services
based
on
sensor
data)
is
gaining
more
a^enBon
q All
kinds
of
city
managed
data
could
become
publicly
available
to
promote
crowdsourced
services
and
bo^om-­‐up
innovaBon
(may
also
be
misused)

21. Technologies
for
smart(er)
ci)es
Technology
area
Main
developments
in
rela)on
to
smart
ci)es
Cloud
compuBng
q Urban
clouds
reducing
IT
costs
and
providing
plaeorms
for
small
business
applicaBons
and
e-­‐services
q VirtualizaBon
of
physical
spaces
q StandardisaBon
of
plaeorms
and
applicaBons
for
smart
ciBes
Real-­‐world
user
q IoT
sensor
networks
in
combinaBon
with
Web
2.0,
social
media,
interfaces,
RFID
crowdsourcing
providing
opportuniBes
for
collecBve
intelligence
q Urban
IoT
plaeorms
offering
common
framework
for
ambient
sensor
networks
SemanBc
web,
q Open
Data
from
various
sources
offer
opportuniBes
for
advanced
Linked
data,
intelligence
e.g.
Detect
pa^erns,
generate
alerts,
visualize
Ontologies
informaBon,
predict
trends
q SemanBc
Web
enhances
opportunity
to
merge
different
categories
of
data
q Enables
content
and
context
fusion,
immersove
mulB-­‐sensory
environments,
locaBon
based
context
aware
content
q Enhanced
opportuniBes
for
user
involvement
and
user
generate
content

22. Innova)on
roadmap
for
smart
ci)es
REGIME
&
Future
Internet
Short term (2014) Medium term (2017) Long term (2022)
Technological change -CLOUD: Virtualisation -CLOUD: Web platform -CLOUD: PaaS for smart cities
(Dominant designs, emerging -CLOUD: IaaS for smart cities -CLOUD: SaaS for smart cities -CLOUD: Service integration
technologies, interoperability) - Content-context fusion
-IoT: RFID -IoT: Multimodal sensors -IoT: Urban IoT platforms
-IoT: Speech recognition -IoT: Location aware apps, -IoT: Cloud based ontologies
-IoT: Open data apps -Content-centric networks
Industrial change -CLOUD: Large companies clouds, -CLOUD: Large cities clouds -CLOUD: Standardisation of smart city
(Networks of technology developers, Google, MS, Amazon global clouds applications / services
lobbying, standardisation)
-IoT: Sensors into utilities and energy -IoT: Alliances of large companies and -IoT: Large scale applications
networks major cities companies
Social change -CLOUD: Reduction of IT costs -CLOUD: Security issues raised -CLOUD: Continuity of service
(Behaviour, routines, values, -CLOUD: Disaster management -CLOUD: Learning curve
preferences, demand, end-users) addressed
- IoT: Experimental facilities -IoT: Multiple city pilots -IoT: Large scale demand for sensor-
-IoT: A few city pilots based city infrastructure
Policy change -CLOUD: Transition white papers -CLOUD: Pilots at city levels -CLOUD: Whole smart cities on the
(Regulations, economic instruments, -CLOUD: Preparing to the cloud -CLOUD: Legal and regulatory reform Cloud
governance, agreements)
NICHES of Short term (2014) Medium term (2017) Long term (2022)
radical novelties
Technological change -CLOUD: SaaS -CLOUD: PaaS
-CLOUD: IaaS
-IoT: Experimental facilities -IoT: M2M in city environments
-IoT: Open / linked data
Industrial change -CLOUD: Private and hybrid clouds -CLOUD: SaaS and PaaS in the main
-CLOUD: Hosting of G city services domains of cities
-IoT: IPv6 and HTML5 -IoT: Smart gird / smart meters in cities
Social change -CLOUD: Pilot city applications in city -CLOUD: Large scale demand of smart
utilities, districts, and gov city applications and services
-IoT: Sensors for city environment alert -IoT: Embedded city intelligence proof of -IoT: Extended demand for sensor over
concept city networks
Policy change -CLOUD: Government roadmaps to G -CLOUD: Standards development and
services adoption
-CLOUD: US reform of IT management
-IoT: China encouraging technologies -IoT: FP8 IoT PPP
for IoT -IoT: Harmonisation of frequency bands

23. Implemen)ng
the
development
process
towards
local
digital
Phases
Major
issues
agendas
efini)on
1.
Incep)on: 2.
D 3.
Opera)on 4.
Sustainability
Infrastructure
IdenBfy
availability
User
requirements
ImplementaBon
plan
Plan
for
future
and
resources:
and
access
defined
and
agreed;
agreed
and
operaBon
agreed
with
access
and
requirements infrastructure
operaBonal;
user
infrastructure
and
availability
accessible
and
groups
established
and
resource
owners
agreements
in
place working
CollaboraBon
IdenBfy
partners
Analyse
benefits
vs
CollaboraBon
EvaluaBon
of
benefits,
and
business
and
condiBons
for
costs
and
agree
processes
monitored
costs
and
risks
together
models collaboraBon jusBficaBon
and
and
supported
during
with
lessons
learned
arrangements
for
the
experimentaBon and
plans
for
future
collaboraBon operaBon
based
on
this
InnovaBon
and
Agree
aims,
InnovaBon
should
be
Management
plan
IdenBfy
results
and
project
definiBon objecBves,
benefits
clearly
defined,
agreed
with
benefits
for
partners
of
innovaBon prepared
and
monitoring
and
and
stakeholders
planned planned
results
Involvement
and
IdenBfy
partners
Roles
of
partners
and
Co-­‐creaBon
evolving
in
Commitment
for
future
support and
stakeholders stakeholders
agreed pracBce parBcipaBon
Stakeholder
Agree
process
for
Matching
of
needs
User
groups
Co-­‐producBon
potenBal
engagement engagement together
with
established
linked
to
idenBfied
and
agreed
experience
and/or
partners
and
between
users,
experBse stakeholders partners
and
stakeholders

24. Summary
roadmap
towards
a
smarter
city,
example
Manchester
Developments
and
changes Future
vision Challenges
and
gaps F u t u r e
s o l u ) o n s
a n d
innova)on
needs
Digital
infrastructure: Connected
ciBes: Sustainable
business
cases: U b i q u i t o u s
s m a r t
c i t y
Corridor
digiBsaBon
fibre
• Extending
fibre
and
wireless
• ImplemenBng
new
mutuals
infrastructures:
project across
the
city
region &
social
enterprises • Infinite
bandwidth,
zero
Low
Carbon
Open
Data
• Developing
new
mutual
• Co-­‐producBon
of
services latency
(IBZL)
(LoDaNet)
project
and
business
models • Everyone,
everything,
wireless
roll-­‐out everywhere
Smart
City
strategy: CollecBve
intelligence: InnovaBon
economy: InnovaBon
culture:
• InnovaBon
legacy
from
• Capacity
building
• Investment
in
digital
• InspiraBon
&
aspiraBon
Knowledge
Capital
InnovaBon
• Access
to
skills infrastructure • Convergence
of
digital,
Boardroom • Matching
skills
to
jobs • Internet
Hub creaBve
and
technical
• Digital
inclusion
iniBaBves • Open
data
networks • IncubaBon
of
new
start-­‐ups • Mutual
aid
• Green
&
Digital
CiBzens
engagement: Co-­‐producBon: Digital
inclusion: O p e n
a n d
p a r B c i p a B v e
• Smart
CiBzens
in
Smart
• Test-­‐beds
for
new
services • Barriers
to
access innovaBon
systems:
CiBes
–
SMARTiP
project • Developing
new
delivery
• Trust
&
privacy
issues • Co-­‐creaBng
and
sharing
of
• Peoples
Voice
Media
&
models • IncenBves
for
engagement new
assets
community
reporters • Support
for
new
skills
&
• Sustaining
commitment • People
as
sources
of
training interacBve
data
and
services
InnovaBon
test-­‐bed: Common
assets: Technology
push: New
partnerships:
• Manchester
Living
Lab • Open
data
and
services • Dangers
of
“smart
city
in
a
• Four
P’s:
public,
private,
• Corridor
projects • Accessible
and
affordable
box” people
partnerships
• Manchester
Digital connecBvity • Corporate
resistance
to
• Smart
open
systems
• Sharp
project change • Co-­‐producBon
• Legacy
systems

25. Challenges
for
next
years
q Networks
of
Future
Internet
testbed
faciliBes
and
living
labs
within
and
across
smart
ciBes
and
regions
may
become
the
backbone
of
European
innovaBon
ecologies
and
value
networks
–
Horizon
2020
q CapabiliBes
and
resources,
including
experiment
faciliBes
,
user
oriented
methodologies,
service
offerings
and
collaboraBon
models
enabling
access
and
use
of
faciliBes
and
services
should
evolve
q Smart
CiBes
are
environments
to
experiment
technologies
and
applicaBons,
however
the
potenBal
for
business
creaBon
and
entrepreneurship
should
be
sBmulated
(e.g.
DAIR,
Canada)
q Open
innovaBon
and
ciBzen
empowerment
requires
finding
new
balances
between
top-­‐down
steering
and
bo^om-­‐up
iniBaBve
q Assessment
of
the
impact
and
benefits
of
“smarter
ciBes”
in
terms
of
value
created
for
ciBzens.
There
is
a
lack
of
evidence
showing
impact,
how
can
we
achieve
and
measure
the
impact
and
value
added
of
smart
city
iniBaBves?

26. Here
you
find
more
Download
from
www.fireball4smartci)es.eu

27. Call
for
Papers:
Smart
Applica)ons
for
Smart
Ci)es:
New
Approaches
to
Innova)on
Special
issue
of
the
Journal
of
Theore3cal
and
Applied
Electronic
Commerce
Research
Guest
Editors:
Hans
Schaffers,
Carlo
Ral
and
Nicos
Komninos
Full
paper
submission:
May
2012
Publishing:
December
2012
InformaBon:
www.jtaer.com

28. Thank
you
!
Discussion
Contact:
hschaffers@esoce.net