This presentation offers a brief overview on the Smart Cities topic, providing some data and some useful insights about why new kind of cities are needed and at the same time presenting some trends that boost the emergence of new urban paradigms.

1. Smart Cities Introduction
Trento, 22 February 2013
Smart Cities
!
Macrotrends
Andrea Paraboschi
www.paraboschi.it

2. “The 19th century was a century of empires, the 20th century was a
century of nation states, the 21st century will be a century of cities”.
Wellington E. Webb, former mayor of Denver
D'una città non godi le sette o le settantasette meraviglie,
ma la risposta che dà a una tua domanda.
Italo Calvino, Le città invisibili (1972).

3. Problem setting / Macro - I
By 2050, world population will be 9 billion people (+30%)
By 2050, 70% of the world’s population will be urban (+20%)
1,25 million people moving from rural villages to cities each week
Result: +3 billion people will live in cities. Two times more than now.
data: Unicef, UN, ICSNC
image source: fastcodesign.com

4. Problem setting / Macro - II
Demographic decline + Dramatic increase of very old people
Cultural diversity
Growing social polarisation and segregation
Loss of manufactury jobs (mono-sectorial cities under threat)
Environment-related issues

5. Problem setting / Micro -1
Can we still talk about cities?
!
Administrative unit
MUA (Morphological Urban Area): built-up space
FUA (Functional Urban Area): mobility patterns

6. Problem setting / Micro - II
Can we still talk about cities?
Urban and rural are melting - Rurban / Urban sprawl
Cities are entities in constant evolution
Problems can have local symptoms
but require a wider territorial solution

7. Challenges
Europe 2020
Smart growth
Green growth
Inclusive growth

8. Megatrends
Digital Transformation
Technology will
connect and enrich lives
Open Innovation
Innovation Networks
Mass Collaboration
City as a platform
Data fusion
Smart Grids
Sustainability
Automation
Substitution
De-materialisation

9. Scenario setting
Global Internet traffic growth
By the end of 2014
40.000 PByte/month
Average growth: +47% YoY

10. Instrumented world
1 : 500
2 billion people on the
Internet (2011)
More than 1 trillion connected
devices in the world
Source: IBM

11. Always-on world

12. ICT Macrotrends
Instrumented world
Internet of things
Cloud computing
Moore’s law
Open source & standards
Social media
Big data
Open data
Ubiquitous hi-speed
connectivity

13. Industrial Internet
Revolution
Industrial
Revolution
Intelligent
Networks
+
Internet
Revolution
Industrial
Internet
Intelligent
Decisioning
Intelligent
Devices

14. New cities vs existing cities
needs proper design
needs proper upgrade
Common goal
Create productive districts at human speed
inside a hyper-connected and zero-emissions city
!
Techno-city different from Smart City
images: Masdar City, Florence

15. How to reach human speed?
parking 50m
Data
Action
Information
Knowledge
Real world
Digital world
3 parkings available in Vicolo Stretto
Parking management system

16. The role of a TELCO in a Smart Community
•Data gathering through mobile sensors
•Key elements: Network coverage,
App co-design
H
•Data transmission to final user
•Key elements: Network coverage,
App co-design
S
Data
H
Information
•Data transmission
•Key element: Data network speed
H
focus on hardware
S
focus on software
Action
Knowledge
H
S
H
S
•Data processing
•Key element: Cloud processing

17. Smart Community as a platform
City outcomes
and aspirations
City processes
and services
Solution Areas
ICT Infrastructure
Need of a Distributed intelligence + Integrated management

18. The need of STANDARDS
NO Silos, let’s make Bricks!
City
Management
scalability
modularity
cross-city systems
Private
Companies
Universities
Standardization process
Custom system
Middleware
solutions
open APIs

19. The contribution of IT to global CO2 emissions
IT CO2 emissions account for 2%
!
IT can significantly contribute
to reduce the 98% of emissions caused
by other activities or industries
IT
Other
data: Gartner

20. TELCO priorities for Smart Communities
Ubiquitous hi-speed network
Digital
Transformation
Wired or wireless according to speed needs
and urbanisation level
Mass
Collaboration
Standards creation support
Smart Apps co-design
Boost hi-speed internet demand
Sustainability
Reducing negative esternalities

21. Technology itself is not enough...
Urban performance currently depends not only on the city’ s endowment
of hard infrastructure (‘physical capital’), but also, and increasingly so,
on the availability and quality of knowledge communication and social
infrastructure (‘human and social capital’).
The latter form of capital is decisive for urban competitiveness.
1
Utilization
of ICT
2 Business Led
Urban
Development
3
Social Inclusion
4
Focus on
hi-tech and
creative industries
5 Attention to
social and
relational capital
6
Social and
environmental
sustainability
Caragliu A., Del Bo C., Nijkamp P., Smart Cities in Europe. 3rd Central European Conference in Regional Science – CERS, 2009

22. What has to be Smart?
Smart
Economy
Smart
Mobility
Smart
Environment
Smart
Living
Smart
Governance
Smart
People

23. What is a Smart City?
We believe a city to be smart when investments in human and social capital and
traditional (transport) and modern (ICT) communication infrastructure fuel
sustainable economic growth and a high quality of life, with a wise management
of natural resources, through participatory governance.
Caragliu A., Del Bo C., Nijkamp P., Smart Cities in Europe. 3rd Central European Conference in Regional Science – CERS, 2009
The evolution of Smart City definition
2000
Smart City as a
Digital City
Hardware
2005
2010
Smart City as an
Socially Inclusive City
Smart City as a city
with a
higher quality of life
Software
Hardware
and Software

24. Smart Cities Introduction
Trento, 22 February 2013
Smart Cities
!
Macrotrends
Andrea Paraboschi
www.paraboschi.it