Smart cities aim to use information and communication technologies to improve efficiency and sustainability in urban areas while reducing costs. Sensors around the city monitor various factors and transmit data to authorities to facilitate better planning. Technologies used include CCTV, traffic sensors, and crime prediction software. At the proposed GIFT City in Gujarat, a smart waste management system uses underground pipes and plasma incineration to efficiently dispose of waste and generate power. The smart city development models include retrofitting existing areas, redeveloping areas over 50 acres, and greenfield development on over 250 acres of vacant land.

1. Smart Cities

2. • A 'smart city' is an urban region that is highly advanced in terms of overall
infrastructure, sustainable real estate, communications and market viability.
It is a city where information technology is the principal infrastructure and
the basis for providing essential services to residents.There are many
technological platforms involved, including but not limited to automated
sensor networks and data centres.

3. Elements of Smart City
1. Adequate water supply,
2. Assured electricity supply,
3. Sanitation, including solid waste management,
4. Efficient urban mobility and public transport,
5. Affordable housing, especially for the poor,
6. Robust IT connectivity and digitalization,
7. Good governance, especially e-governance and citizen participation,
8. Sustainable environment,
9. Safety and security of citizens, particularly women, children and the elderly,
10. Health and education.

4. Features of comprehensive development in
Smart Cities
Promoting mixed land use in area based developments–planning for ‘unplanned areas’ containing a range
of compatible activities and land uses close to one another in order to make land use more efficient.The
States will enable some flexibility in land use and building bye-laws to adapt to change;
Housing and inclusiveness - expand housing opportunities for all;
Creating walkable localities –reduce congestion, air pollution and resource depletion, boost local economy,
promote interactions and ensure security.The road network is created or refurbished not only for vehicles
and public transport, but also for pedestrians and cyclists, and necessary administrative services are offered
within walking or cycling distance;
Preserving and developing open spaces - parks, playgrounds, and recreational spaces in order to enhance
the quality of life of citizens, reduce the urban heat effects in Areas and generally promote eco-balance;

5. Promoting a variety of transport options -Transit Oriented Development (TOD), public transport and last
mile para-transport connectivity;
Making governance citizen-friendly and cost effective - increasingly rely on online services to bring about
accountability and transparency, especially using mobiles to reduce cost of services and providing services
without having to go to municipal offices. Forming e-groups to listen to people and obtain feedback and
use online monitoring of programs and activities with the aid of cyber tour of worksites;
Giving an identity to the city - based on its main economic activity, such as local cuisine, health, education,
arts and craft, culture, sports goods, furniture, hosiery, textile, dairy, etc;
Applying Smart Solutions to infrastructure and services in area-based development in order to make them
better. For example, making Areas less vulnerable to disasters, using fewer resources, and providing
cheaper services.

7. Smart City Solutions
• Ministry of Electronics and InformationTechnology with the vision of e-Development of India constitutedThe National e-
Governance Plan (NeGP) to Make all Government services accessible to the common man in his locality, through common
service delivery outlets, and ensure efficiency, transparency, and reliability of such services at affordable costs to realise
the basic needs of the common man
• Functions of MeitY:
• Promotion of internet, IT and IT enabled services.
• Promotion of DigitalTransactions including Digital Payments.
• Assistance to other departments in the promotion of E-Governance, E- Commerce, E- Medicine, E- Infrastructure, etc.
• Matters relating to promotion and manufacturing of Semiconductor Devices in the country excluding all matters relating to
Semiconductor Complex Limited (SCL), Mohali.
• Interaction in IT related matters with international agencies and bodies e.g. Internet for Business Limited (IFB), Institute for Education
in Information Society (IBI) and International CodeCouncil – on line (ICC).
• Initiative on bridging the Digital Divide: Matters relating to Media Lab Asia.
• Electronics Export and Computer Software PromotionCouncil (ESC), National Informatics Centre (NIC).
• Initiatives for development of Hardware/Software industry including knowledge– based enterprises, measures for promoting IT
exports and competitiveness of the industry.
• Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI).
Public grievances redressal (E-Governence)

8. • Smart cities seek to implement information and communication technologies (ICT) in order
to improve the efficiency and sustainability of urban spaces while reducing costs and
resource consumption.
• In the context of surveillance, smart cities monitor citizens through strategically placed
sensors around the urban landscape, which collect data regarding many different factors of
urban living.
• From these sensors, data is transmitted, aggregated, and analysed by governments and
other local authorities in order to extrapolate information about the challenges the city
faces in sectors such as crime prevention, traffic management, energy use and waste
reduction.This serves to facilitate better urban planning and allows governments to tailor
their services to the local population.
• The technology available in smart cities includes extensive CCTV installations (such as in
London and Dubai), smart traffic sensors in NewYork and crime prediction software in
Santa Cruz, California.
Smart Monitoring

9. • Surveillance System
Video Management Software (VMS) plays a vital role in today’s security and surveillance
scenario. Security Center makes it easy to monitor thousands of cameras and systems
from a centralized location. Manage alarms and find doors and cameras on map-based
layouts of your city and facilities. Situational analytics are implemented over theVMS for
more efficient and directional data capture.
• Some Citiforce Surveillance Offerings:
• Video Management System (VMS)
• Video Analytics System (VAS)
• Incident Detection Systems
• Public Announcement Systems
• Emergency Command & Control Systems

11. Smart Waste Disposal
• A smart solid waste management system is being put in place using Swiss
technology at GIFT City where garbage will be disposed of with minimum human
interference. Not only that, the waste will be recycled to make organic manure and
generate power that will be consumed in GIFT City itself.
• The solid waste from the towers will be sent to the waste collection centre, about 2
km away from buildings, using vacuum suction pipes.The waste will be transported
at the speed of 110-140 km per hour through a network of underground pipes.The
speed and direction of the waste will be controlled by a fully computerized console.
• Solid waste will be segregated into organic and non-organic waste.The organic
waste will be sent to a vermicompost unit where it will be used to make manure
which in turn will be used in the gardens and plantations within the city.
• The inorganic waste will be incinerated using plasma technology. Energy from the
incinerator will be used to generate thermal power for consumption within the city.

13. • Internet ofThings (IoT) can be applied both in ITS and Smart cities forming
an advanced platform for novel applications. Surveillance systems can be
used as an as-sistive technology for high Quality of Service (QoS) in waste
collection. Specifically, IoT components: (i) RFIDs, (ii) sensors, (iii) cameras,
and (iv) actuators are incorporated into ITS and surveillance systems for
efficient waste collection

14. Smart City development models
• The strategic components of area-based development in the Smart Cities
Mission are city improvement (retrofitting), city renewal (redevelopment)
and city extension (greenfield development) plus a Pan-city initiative in
which Smart Solutions are applied covering larger parts of the city. Below
are given the descriptions of the three models of Area-based smart city
development

15. • Retrofitting will introduce planning in an existing built-up area to achieve smart city
objectives, along with other objectives, to make the existing area more efficient and
liveable.
In retrofitting, an area consisting of more than 500 acres will be identified by the city in consultation with
citizens. Depending on the existing level of infrastructure services in the identified area and the vision of
the residents, the cities will prepare a strategy to become smart. Since existing structures are largely to
remain intact in this model, it is expected that more intensive infrastructure service levels and a large
number of smart applications will be packed into the retrofitted smart city.This strategy may also be
completed in a shorter time frame, leading to its replication in another part of the city.
• Redevelopment will effect a replacement of the existing built-up environment and enable
co-creation of a new layout with enhanced infrastructure using mixed land use and
increased density. Redevelopment envisages an area of more than 50 acres, identified by
Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) in consultation with citizens. For instance, a new layout plan of
the identified area will be prepared with mixed landuse, higher FSI and high ground
coverage.
Two examples of the redevelopment model are the Saifee Burhani Upliftment Project in Mumbai (also
called the Bhendi Bazaar Project) and the redevelopment of East Kidwai Nagar in New Delhi being
undertaken by the National Building Construction Corporation.

16. • Greenfield development will introduce most of the Smart Solutions in a previously
vacant area (more than 250 acres) using innovative planning, plan financing and
plan implementation tools (e.g. land pooling/ land reconstitution) with provision
for affordable housing, especially for the poor. Greenfield developments are
required around cities in order to address the needs of the expanding population.
One well known example is the GIFT City in Gujarat. Unlike retrofitting and redevelopment,
greenfield developments could be located either within the limits of the ULB or within the
limits of the local Urban Development Authority (UDA).
• Pan-city development envisages application of selected Smart Solutions to the
existing city-wide infrastructure. Application of Smart Solutions will involve the use
of technology, information and data to make infrastructure and services better. For
example, applying Smart Solutions in the transport sector (intelligent traffic
management system) and reducing average commute time or cost of citizens will
have positive effects on productivity and quality of life of citizens. Another example
can be waste water recycling and smart metering which can make a huge
contribution to better water management in the city

19. GIFT City, Gujarat