Methods of varietal identification in crops .This ppt includes a summed up details of all the types of varietal identification methods used in identifying crop
seed production of Carrot (CSK HPKV) harmanjeet singhStudent
CONTENTS:
Introduction
Scientific Classification
Why Most Of Carrot In Orange Colour ???
Climate
Soil
Land Requirement
Seeds And Sowing
Sowing Time
Manures And Fertilization
Spacing
Carrot Varieties
Irrigation
Weed Control
Pollination Of Carrot
Isolation
Methods Of Seed Production
Plant Protection
Harvesting And Seed Yield
Seed Standards (%)
Methods of varietal identification in crops .This ppt includes a summed up details of all the types of varietal identification methods used in identifying crop
seed production of Carrot (CSK HPKV) harmanjeet singhStudent
CONTENTS:
Introduction
Scientific Classification
Why Most Of Carrot In Orange Colour ???
Climate
Soil
Land Requirement
Seeds And Sowing
Sowing Time
Manures And Fertilization
Spacing
Carrot Varieties
Irrigation
Weed Control
Pollination Of Carrot
Isolation
Methods Of Seed Production
Plant Protection
Harvesting And Seed Yield
Seed Standards (%)
Radish is a popular vegetable in both tropical as well as temperate regions. It is cultivated under glass house conditions for early market, but large scale cultivation in the field is more I common. Being a quick growing crop it can be easily planted as a companion crop or intercrop between the rows of the other vegetables. It can also be planted on ridges, separating one plot from another. It is cultivated all over India, especially near the city markets. Radish originated probably in China. In India, it seems to have been cultivated from ancient times. It was popular among the ancient Egyptians and Greeks. The botanical name of radish is Raphanus sativus. The enlarged edible roots are fusiform and differ in colour from white to red.
CULTIVATION OF OKRA , PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF OKRA ,Arvind Yadav
OKRA
Scientific Name : Abelmoschus esculentus
Family : Malvaceae,
Chromosome number : 2n=72, 108,130
Origin : Asiatic region /Etthiopea/Africa.
Common names : Bhendi, Lady’s FingerEconomic importance and uses :-
Okra is more remunerative than the leafy vegetables.
Tender green fruits are cooked in curry and also used in soups. The root and stem are useful for clearing cane juice in preparation of jaggery.
Okra is rich in vitamins, calcium, potassium and other minerals. 100g consumable unripe bhendi fruits contain 10.4g dry matter, 3,100 calorie energy, 1.8g protein.
The dry seeds contain 13-22% edible oil and 20-24% protein.Area and production:-
India is the largest producer of okra in the world. The major bhendi growing states are Utter Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar and West Bengal.
Popular varieties:-
Pusa Makhmali
Pusa Sawani
Arka Anamika (Selection 10)
Arka Abhay (Selection
Punjab Padmini
Punjab -7
Parbhani Kranti
Varsha Uphar (HRB 9-2)
Gujarat Bhendi 1
Presentation on the production technology and cultivation practices of Periwinkle in India. Periwinkle is gaining more importance due to cancer treatment drugs extracted from its roots, stems and leaves.
In this presentation you will come to know about the HANDLING OF SEGREGATING GENERATIONS, that is (PEDIGREE METHOD, MASS PEDIGREE METHOD, BULK METHOD, SINGLE SEED DESCENT METHOD).
Radish is a popular vegetable in both tropical as well as temperate regions. It is cultivated under glass house conditions for early market, but large scale cultivation in the field is more I common. Being a quick growing crop it can be easily planted as a companion crop or intercrop between the rows of the other vegetables. It can also be planted on ridges, separating one plot from another. It is cultivated all over India, especially near the city markets. Radish originated probably in China. In India, it seems to have been cultivated from ancient times. It was popular among the ancient Egyptians and Greeks. The botanical name of radish is Raphanus sativus. The enlarged edible roots are fusiform and differ in colour from white to red.
CULTIVATION OF OKRA , PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF OKRA ,Arvind Yadav
OKRA
Scientific Name : Abelmoschus esculentus
Family : Malvaceae,
Chromosome number : 2n=72, 108,130
Origin : Asiatic region /Etthiopea/Africa.
Common names : Bhendi, Lady’s FingerEconomic importance and uses :-
Okra is more remunerative than the leafy vegetables.
Tender green fruits are cooked in curry and also used in soups. The root and stem are useful for clearing cane juice in preparation of jaggery.
Okra is rich in vitamins, calcium, potassium and other minerals. 100g consumable unripe bhendi fruits contain 10.4g dry matter, 3,100 calorie energy, 1.8g protein.
The dry seeds contain 13-22% edible oil and 20-24% protein.Area and production:-
India is the largest producer of okra in the world. The major bhendi growing states are Utter Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar and West Bengal.
Popular varieties:-
Pusa Makhmali
Pusa Sawani
Arka Anamika (Selection 10)
Arka Abhay (Selection
Punjab Padmini
Punjab -7
Parbhani Kranti
Varsha Uphar (HRB 9-2)
Gujarat Bhendi 1
Presentation on the production technology and cultivation practices of Periwinkle in India. Periwinkle is gaining more importance due to cancer treatment drugs extracted from its roots, stems and leaves.
In this presentation you will come to know about the HANDLING OF SEGREGATING GENERATIONS, that is (PEDIGREE METHOD, MASS PEDIGREE METHOD, BULK METHOD, SINGLE SEED DESCENT METHOD).
Plant tissue culture,its methods, advantages,disadvantages and applications.Komal Jalan
Plant tissue culture is the most widely used technique for growing very large number of plant using a very small part of the main plant(explant). Tissue culturing is very common for many popular and demanding crops.Few of them discussed here are Potato,Papaya,Pinepple,Banana,Gerbera,Sunflower,Orchids
Okra breeding methods, objectives and important varietiesVikraman A
In this presentation I given information about okra crop for origin and distribution, breeding objectives and methods and some important varieties with description.
Genetics and Breeding of Tomato (Prabesh_Koirala).pptxLincoln University
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicon. L.) is one of the most economically important vegetable, cultivated for the fresh market and the processing industry. It is botanically a berry fruit, considered as a vegetable for culinary purpose. The fruit is rich in Lycopene which has beneficial health effects.
Classification on the basis of Shape, Colour and Size
Classification on the basis of Commercial market class
Cytology
Floral Biology and Crossing Technique
Controlled Pollination
Genetics of Qualitative and Quantitative Traits
Breeding Objectives
Breeding Method
Seed Production and Certification
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
1. Lecture 8
• Vegetable-Field pea-
• Centers of origin,
• Distribution of species,
• wild relatives,
• Floral biology,
• Major breeding objectives and procedures including
conventional and modern innovative approaches for
development of hybrids and varieties for yield, abiotic and
biotic stress tolerance and quality (physical, chemical,
nutritional)
2. • B. Name - Pisum sativum L.
• Family - Fabaceae
• Chromosome No.: 2n= 14
• Origin - Mediterranean region, western and central Asia and
Ethiopia
• Distribution –
• The first cultivation of peas appears to have been in western Asia,
from where it spread to Europe, China and India.
• In classical times, Greek and Roman authors mentioned its
cultivation as a pulse and fodder crop.
3.
4.
5. FLORAL BIOLOGY
• Flowering usually begins 40 to 50 days after
planting.
• Flowering is normally two to four weeks,
depending on the flowering habit and
weather during flowering.
• The flowers are arranged in the form of an
axillary raceme.
• The flowers may be reddish, purple or white.
• They are self-pollinated and develop into 5
cm to 9 cm long, inflated or cylindrical pods
containing five to 11 seeds inside them.
6. • Calyx: Calyx is the lowermost green
tubular part of the flower.
• It consists of five slightly unequal lobes
called sepals.
• It protects the other whorls in the bud stage
from possible external injuries.
• Corolla: It consist of five petals of
different shapes and sizes.
• The outermost petal is the largest and
spreading and is known as standard or
vexillum which covers the other petals in
the bud stage.
• The next two lateral petals look like wings.
Hence they are called wings or alae.
• The two innermost ones unit loosely along
their ventral margins to form a boat-like
structure and are known as keel or carina.
• The attractive color and sweet scent of the
corolla attract insects for pollination.
8. Breeding Methods
1. Breeding for abiotic stress
• Breeding peas for cold resistance or cold hardiness by recurrent
selection and resistance to waterlogging has been undertaken
abroad.
2. Breeding for high protein and sugar content
• The wrinkled seeded content 26 -33 per cent protein content and
in smooth seed it is 23-31 per cent.
• The inheritance of protein content is polygenically controlled and
mainly by recessive factor for high protein content.
• The varieties GS 195 and the local cultivar, kinnauri have high
soluble protein content due to the presence of a very high number
of dominant alleles.
9. 3. Integration of Biotechnology in Conventional Pea Breeding:
• Transformation and regeneration protocols are now available in
peas.
• The most common method involves Agrobacterium tumefacience
mediated transformation.
• The major difficulty lies in the fact that this transformation is genotype
specific and only a small portion of cultivars have responded to this
technique.
• Somaclonal variation arising from the regeneration of plants from callus,
led to the use of cotyledonary meristem from freshly imbibed seed as a
source of tissue for successful transformation.
• The use of this technology in the pea breeding is limited to proof of
concept.
• Partial resistance to alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) has been reported as a
consequence of transformation with chimeric virus coat protein gene, a-
amylase inhibitor (α-A 1) and the promoter phytohemagglutin, both
found in French-bean when transferred to pea, have shown constitutive
expression and resistance to pea weevil.
10. • The expression of inhibitor (α-amylase) served to block the
development of the larvae at an early stage and this resulted in less
seed damage and better seed quality.
• This transgenic pea product could not reach to large scale field testing
due to legal issues.
• Transfer of herbicide resistance both as a reportable marker and a trait
have also been reported, but not carried through to commercial release.
• While GM crops are on increase in many parts of world with global
acreage of 134 million hectares in 2009, the adverse reaction to GM
crops in Europe and low rates of transfer have all contributed to the
pea breeding industry not engaging in the development and release of
GM peas till date.