Human Photogrammetry: Foundational Techniques for Creative Practitionersijcga
Photogrammetry has emerged as a leading approach for photorealistic digital replication and 3D scanning of real-world objects, particularly in areas of cinematic visual effects and interactive entertainment. While the technique generally relies on simple photography methods, the foundational practices for the field of human photogrammetry remain relatively undocumented.Human subjects are significantly more complex than still life, both in terms of photogrammetric capture, and in digital reproduction. Without the documentation of foundational practices for human subjects, there is a significant knowledge barrier for new creative practitioners to operate in the field, stifling innovation and adoption of the technique.Researchers and commercial practitioners currently working in this field continually distribute learnings and research outcomes. These learnings tend to centralise more on advanced practices such as capturing micro-geometry (skin pores), reflectance and skin distortion. However, the standard principles for building capture systems, considerations for human subjects, processing considerations and technology requirements remain elusive. The purpose of this research is to establish foundational practices for human photogrammetry systems. These practices encapsulate the underlying architectures of capture systems, through to necessary data processing for the 3D reconstruction of human subjects.Design-led research was used to construct a scale 21-camera system, designed for high-quality data capture of the human head. Due to its incredible level of surface complexity, the face was used to experiment with a variety of capture techniques and system arrangements, using several human subjects. The methods used were a result of the analysis of existing practitioners and research, refined through numerous iterations of system design.A distinct set of findings were synthesised to form a foundational architecture and blueprint for a scale, human photogrammetry multi-camera system. It covers the necessary knowledge and principles required to construct a production-ready photogrammetry system capable of consistent, high-quality capture that meets the needs of visual effects and interactive entertainment production.
Presentatie van Fabio Gramazio van ETH Zurich op 22 oktober 2015 tijdens de Dutch Design Week, bij TUE op activiteit ism Cement&BetonCentrum: Grote ambities met 3D Betonprinten.
Human Photogrammetry: Foundational Techniques for Creative Practitionersijcga
Photogrammetry has emerged as a leading approach for photorealistic digital replication and 3D scanning of real-world objects, particularly in areas of cinematic visual effects and interactive entertainment. While the technique generally relies on simple photography methods, the foundational practices for the field of human photogrammetry remain relatively undocumented.Human subjects are significantly more complex than still life, both in terms of photogrammetric capture, and in digital reproduction. Without the documentation of foundational practices for human subjects, there is a significant knowledge barrier for new creative practitioners to operate in the field, stifling innovation and adoption of the technique.Researchers and commercial practitioners currently working in this field continually distribute learnings and research outcomes. These learnings tend to centralise more on advanced practices such as capturing micro-geometry (skin pores), reflectance and skin distortion. However, the standard principles for building capture systems, considerations for human subjects, processing considerations and technology requirements remain elusive. The purpose of this research is to establish foundational practices for human photogrammetry systems. These practices encapsulate the underlying architectures of capture systems, through to necessary data processing for the 3D reconstruction of human subjects.Design-led research was used to construct a scale 21-camera system, designed for high-quality data capture of the human head. Due to its incredible level of surface complexity, the face was used to experiment with a variety of capture techniques and system arrangements, using several human subjects. The methods used were a result of the analysis of existing practitioners and research, refined through numerous iterations of system design.A distinct set of findings were synthesised to form a foundational architecture and blueprint for a scale, human photogrammetry multi-camera system. It covers the necessary knowledge and principles required to construct a production-ready photogrammetry system capable of consistent, high-quality capture that meets the needs of visual effects and interactive entertainment production.
Presentatie van Fabio Gramazio van ETH Zurich op 22 oktober 2015 tijdens de Dutch Design Week, bij TUE op activiteit ism Cement&BetonCentrum: Grote ambities met 3D Betonprinten.
A fab lab (fabrication laboratory) is a small-scale workshop offering (personal) digital fabrication. A fab lab is generally equipped with an array of flexible computer-controlled tools that cover several different length scales and various materials, with the aim to make "almost anything". This includes technology-enabled products generally perceived as limited to mass production.
Innovating Humane Habitats in a Digital Era for a Sustainable Future.Digital Technology in Architectural Education and Profession .The significance of virtual Architecture is its emergence with the ability of computer-imaging technology to accurately simulate three-dimensional reality. The technique of simulating three-dimensional reality is known as virtual reality.
Parametric design:
Enables the exploration of alternative designs within a single representation using parameters and associative relationships to control geometric and constructive aspects of the design.
New developments in computational design as well as in digital fabrication are currently leading to a rethinking of architectural design, material science, engineering and fabrication.
Since the computer became an important tool in our life, the design possibilities are greatly increased. However, the translation of this computational design is often done through printed plans, which are then realized with traditional construction methods. All of the information available in digital form, gets lost in this last step. Digital manufacturing is changing this by creating a direct link between design and production. The real object is like an exact copy of the virtual model.
SPIF stands for Single Point Incremental Forming. By using an industrial robot to push the metal gradually along a specific tool path, a wide variety of geometries becomes possible. Since there is no mold needed for this process, it is ideal for prototyping and producing small batches. As each panel can be different, free form architecture may also be an interesting field of application.
Through one or more test cases I would like to explore the possibilities of this technique in an architectural context. Possible applications are, for example, a self-supporting wall or self-supporting roof construction. For example I modeled a structure, based on an existing project from a carport, and subjected it to a certain load. In the second case a grid of ribs is added on the geometry. We can see clearly that the deflection decreases substantially by using a geometry with more depth.
Since it is an integrated process from design to production, it may be interesting to handle all of this in one software. That's why also the tool path, needed to control the robot, is generated in Grasshopper. This plugin provides a parametric environment for Rhinoceros3D. As an output it will give a series of coordinates and direction vectors.
Gert-Willem Van Gompel
Master of Engineering: Architecture
DDI 3D Medical Prosthetics Presentation to AAA Conference, April 2007Direct Dimensions, Inc.
This PowerPoint presents the technologies for 3D imaging human facial and other body parts for the digital design and fabrication of cosmetically accurate prosthetics.
This was presented by Direct Dimensions at the April 2007 conference for then named American Anaplastology Association.
According to the Washington DC Economic Partnership’s 12th annual DC Development Report, there is 21.5M sq. ft. under construction, with a total estimated value of $9.5 billion. 2012 has been a record year in residential construction with 10,357 units under construction – the most since 2001.
A presentation I gave to the Auckland Revit Users Group on my PhD research into improving digital architectural collaboration. The presentation summarises the key topics within my thesis Building Digital Bridges thesis.
Digital fabrication devices (such as 3-D printers) are doing to manufacturing what the Internet has done to information-based goods and services. For example, a 3-D printer generated a bust of Beethoven in less than two hours, using a design uploaded to Thingiverse.com by a contributor identified only as “dino-girl.” Here are the changes to consider before this innovation takes hold.
presentation by Paul Wilkinson to CIMCIG BIM conference, Building Centre, London WC1 on Wednesday 25 April 2012.
Presentation explains what BIM is (and isn't), and outlines why it has become important in 2012, as the UK construction industry looks to meet a UK Government BIM deadline by 2016.
Hatii seminar 2014 - The emerging needs and the long standing issues curating...Ruggero Lancia
On February the 4th, I have presented at the HATII, for its research seminars, a lesson entitled "The emerging needs and the long standing issues curating digital assets from the Construction Industry". In this presentation I have retraced the introduction of digital tools in the Architecture practices and delved into the recent emerging procedures in Digital Design to discuss against both the DIDECU and the DEDICATE results the issues, requirements and expected development in the Digital Curation of assets from the Construction sector.
Presented at IT2EC London - 28April 2022 - Digital twins and fidelity.
Language can be confusing so it is important not to lose sight of the vision.
Digital Twins do not always need the highest Fidelity to be useful – an imperfect model through life is better than a perfect model in the moment.
Data should be treated as a strategic asset across Defence and through the life of projects.
We begin with evaluation of the Glass Build as an Engineering Process of Synthesis in Architectural Design in ARK Mode. Although Pro-Forma and Pre-Production we examine the Economic Change as we position the product in the market. The Major Shift in tooling design and fabrication methods contributes to a NEW ECONOMY
A fab lab (fabrication laboratory) is a small-scale workshop offering (personal) digital fabrication. A fab lab is generally equipped with an array of flexible computer-controlled tools that cover several different length scales and various materials, with the aim to make "almost anything". This includes technology-enabled products generally perceived as limited to mass production.
Innovating Humane Habitats in a Digital Era for a Sustainable Future.Digital Technology in Architectural Education and Profession .The significance of virtual Architecture is its emergence with the ability of computer-imaging technology to accurately simulate three-dimensional reality. The technique of simulating three-dimensional reality is known as virtual reality.
Parametric design:
Enables the exploration of alternative designs within a single representation using parameters and associative relationships to control geometric and constructive aspects of the design.
New developments in computational design as well as in digital fabrication are currently leading to a rethinking of architectural design, material science, engineering and fabrication.
Since the computer became an important tool in our life, the design possibilities are greatly increased. However, the translation of this computational design is often done through printed plans, which are then realized with traditional construction methods. All of the information available in digital form, gets lost in this last step. Digital manufacturing is changing this by creating a direct link between design and production. The real object is like an exact copy of the virtual model.
SPIF stands for Single Point Incremental Forming. By using an industrial robot to push the metal gradually along a specific tool path, a wide variety of geometries becomes possible. Since there is no mold needed for this process, it is ideal for prototyping and producing small batches. As each panel can be different, free form architecture may also be an interesting field of application.
Through one or more test cases I would like to explore the possibilities of this technique in an architectural context. Possible applications are, for example, a self-supporting wall or self-supporting roof construction. For example I modeled a structure, based on an existing project from a carport, and subjected it to a certain load. In the second case a grid of ribs is added on the geometry. We can see clearly that the deflection decreases substantially by using a geometry with more depth.
Since it is an integrated process from design to production, it may be interesting to handle all of this in one software. That's why also the tool path, needed to control the robot, is generated in Grasshopper. This plugin provides a parametric environment for Rhinoceros3D. As an output it will give a series of coordinates and direction vectors.
Gert-Willem Van Gompel
Master of Engineering: Architecture
DDI 3D Medical Prosthetics Presentation to AAA Conference, April 2007Direct Dimensions, Inc.
This PowerPoint presents the technologies for 3D imaging human facial and other body parts for the digital design and fabrication of cosmetically accurate prosthetics.
This was presented by Direct Dimensions at the April 2007 conference for then named American Anaplastology Association.
According to the Washington DC Economic Partnership’s 12th annual DC Development Report, there is 21.5M sq. ft. under construction, with a total estimated value of $9.5 billion. 2012 has been a record year in residential construction with 10,357 units under construction – the most since 2001.
A presentation I gave to the Auckland Revit Users Group on my PhD research into improving digital architectural collaboration. The presentation summarises the key topics within my thesis Building Digital Bridges thesis.
Digital fabrication devices (such as 3-D printers) are doing to manufacturing what the Internet has done to information-based goods and services. For example, a 3-D printer generated a bust of Beethoven in less than two hours, using a design uploaded to Thingiverse.com by a contributor identified only as “dino-girl.” Here are the changes to consider before this innovation takes hold.
presentation by Paul Wilkinson to CIMCIG BIM conference, Building Centre, London WC1 on Wednesday 25 April 2012.
Presentation explains what BIM is (and isn't), and outlines why it has become important in 2012, as the UK construction industry looks to meet a UK Government BIM deadline by 2016.
Hatii seminar 2014 - The emerging needs and the long standing issues curating...Ruggero Lancia
On February the 4th, I have presented at the HATII, for its research seminars, a lesson entitled "The emerging needs and the long standing issues curating digital assets from the Construction Industry". In this presentation I have retraced the introduction of digital tools in the Architecture practices and delved into the recent emerging procedures in Digital Design to discuss against both the DIDECU and the DEDICATE results the issues, requirements and expected development in the Digital Curation of assets from the Construction sector.
Presented at IT2EC London - 28April 2022 - Digital twins and fidelity.
Language can be confusing so it is important not to lose sight of the vision.
Digital Twins do not always need the highest Fidelity to be useful – an imperfect model through life is better than a perfect model in the moment.
Data should be treated as a strategic asset across Defence and through the life of projects.
We begin with evaluation of the Glass Build as an Engineering Process of Synthesis in Architectural Design in ARK Mode. Although Pro-Forma and Pre-Production we examine the Economic Change as we position the product in the market. The Major Shift in tooling design and fabrication methods contributes to a NEW ECONOMY
LA BIMstorm - AIA Bim Awards Jury's Choice Award 2008Mike Bordenaro
ONUMA, Inc. led the LA BIMstorm team which won the AIA BIM Awards Jury's Choice Award 2008. In 24-hours 133 international team "landed" more than 50 million square of buildings on Los Angeles in Google Earth. The buildings were run through cost analysis, energy analysis, structural analysis, mechanical analysis, code analysis, design analysis and other significant planning processes. In conjunction with the ground-breaking virtual design processes, a real home was built in Northern Mexico to demonstrate that BIM processes on the web are not just beneficial to virtual processes. The familia Corazon home build was documented on Telemundo television throughout Mexico. For more information on web-based collaboration BIMstorm processes see www.onuma.com
ArchiInspection Project: Integrated Non Destructive Testing, A Building Infor...Farid Mokhtar Noriega
A non destructive testing process is becoming a technical need, thousands of buildings and huge urban areas will have to be adapted to restrictive energy-saving standards and sustainability criteria. Analysis and diagnostics are required on a massive scale. Building Information Modeling seems to be the adequate environment to assemble huge amounts of data. At this moment both hardware and software technologies are performing moderately well separately. The challenge is to connect them and in the long run automate data collection and conversion to a unified model that could be maintained during the programmed building life cycle. The aim of this research is to discuss the challenge of NDT hardware and BIM software systems integration and define the basic steps for the best practices to undertake it in a fast and accurate manner as well as to define the present and future connections to be developed. A 3 phase joint research project is proposed here and basic needs are analysed. Many lessons have been learned from field work, data translation and data incompatibilities with many shortcomings being detected.
Speech presented at :
Preserving Computer Aided Design: A briefing
DPC event, Institution of Mechanical Engineers, London, 26th July 2013.
About: Within the framework of the DEDICATE project, this presentation goes through the recent trends in architectural design and construction that are re-shaping the needs and requirements for CAD assets curation and long-term management.
Towards the BIM implementation for historical building restoration sites.pdfMRezaSarshar
Dealing with the renovation and restoration of historical building heritage often means facing several difficulties
which not only concern ways of representing the ancient building and the design ideas, but also the phases of
on-site interventions. The designers must always take into account a range of possible and compatible solutions
that avoid endangering the cultural significance of the historical building. Traditional methods are often timeconsuming and barely efficient, because they are related to the exchange of two-dimensional and paper-based
support information.
We begin with evaluation of the Glass Build as an Engineering Process of Synthesis in Architectural Design in ARK Mode. Although Pro-Forma and Pre-Production we examine the Economic Change as we position the product in the market. The Major Shift in tooling design and fabrication methods contributes to a NEW ECONOMY; In V2 we study how the Matrix Expands to provide for new tooling that accomplishes feats of design and fabrication synthesis In V3 we see the economy vastly expands as the tooling requirement is satisfied and the building design and treatments increase equity builds
LA HUG - Video Testimonials with Chynna Morgan - June 2024Lital Barkan
Have you ever heard that user-generated content or video testimonials can take your brand to the next level? We will explore how you can effectively use video testimonials to leverage and boost your sales, content strategy, and increase your CRM data.🤯
We will dig deeper into:
1. How to capture video testimonials that convert from your audience 🎥
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3. How you can capture more CRM data to understand your audience better through video testimonials. 📊
Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit and TemplatesAurelien Domont, MBA
This Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit was created by ex-McKinsey, Deloitte and BCG Management Consultants, after more than 5,000 hours of work. It is considered the world's best & most comprehensive Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit. It includes all the Frameworks, Best Practices & Templates required to successfully undertake the Digital Transformation of your organization and define a robust IT Strategy.
Editable Toolkit to help you reuse our content: 700 Powerpoint slides | 35 Excel sheets | 84 minutes of Video training
This PowerPoint presentation is only a small preview of our Toolkits. For more details, visit www.domontconsulting.com
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to ma...Lviv Startup Club
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to make small projects with small budgets profitable for the company (UA)
Kyiv PMDay 2024 Summer
Website – www.pmday.org
Youtube – https://www.youtube.com/startuplviv
FB – https://www.facebook.com/pmdayconference
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
Affordable Stationery Printing Services in Jaipur | Navpack n PrintNavpack & Print
Looking for professional printing services in Jaipur? Navpack n Print offers high-quality and affordable stationery printing for all your business needs. Stand out with custom stationery designs and fast turnaround times. Contact us today for a quote!
Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
What is Enterprise Excellence?
Enterprise Excellence is a holistic approach that's aimed at achieving world-class performance across all aspects of the organization.
What might I learn?
A way to engage all in creating Inclusive Excellence. Lessons from the US military and their parallels to the story of Harry Potter. How belt systems and CI teams can destroy inclusive practices. How leadership language invites people to the party. There are three things leaders can do to engage everyone every day: maximizing psychological safety to create environments where folks learn, contribute, and challenge the status quo.
Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
In this comprehensive presentation, we will explore strategies and practical tips for enhancing profitability in small businesses. Tailored to meet the unique challenges faced by small enterprises, this session covers various aspects that directly impact the bottom line. Attendees will learn how to optimize operational efficiency, manage expenses, and increase revenue through innovative marketing and customer engagement techniques.
At Techbox Square, in Singapore, we're not just creative web designers and developers, we're the driving force behind your brand identity. Contact us today.
RMD24 | Debunking the non-endemic revenue myth Marvin Vacquier Droop | First ...BBPMedia1
Marvin neemt je in deze presentatie mee in de voordelen van non-endemic advertising op retail media netwerken. Hij brengt ook de uitdagingen in beeld die de markt op dit moment heeft op het gebied van retail media voor niet-leveranciers.
Retail media wordt gezien als het nieuwe advertising-medium en ook mediabureaus richten massaal retail media-afdelingen op. Merken die niet in de betreffende winkel liggen staan ook nog niet in de rij om op de retail media netwerken te adverteren. Marvin belicht de uitdagingen die er zijn om echt aansluiting te vinden op die markt van non-endemic advertising.
RMD24 | Debunking the non-endemic revenue myth Marvin Vacquier Droop | First ...
英文書報0517 詹竣策M0017106
1. 英文書報 作業二 論文寫作的結構賞析
Thesis topic : DIGITAL FABRICATION
(Modular rainwater collection system using sheet-bending
and digital fabrication)
模矩化雨水收集系統發展-利用彎版與數位構築方式
Date : 2012.5.17
Tutor : Professor Stephen Roe
Student : 詹竣策(m0017106)
2. Thesis topic DIGITAL FABRICATION
(Modular rainwater
collection system using
sheet-bending and digital
fabrication)
Introductio Motivation , G Motivation :
n oal
1.In digital design , the
possibility of form blooms but
when it turns to real
fabrication , the wonderful
form of curvature becomes
pieces and is supported by
additional structural elements
that breaks the original beauty
of form.
3. Thesis topic DIGITAL FABRICATION
(Modular rainwater
collection system using
sheet-bending and digital
fabrication)
Introductio Motivation , 2.The development of digital
n Goal design projects are more like
works of art but not a real
canopy that can support the
load itself and honestly face
the environmental issue like
weather , rain , wind , sunshine
and humidity.
3.The canopies are made most
in school projects having
problems of cost , members of
workers and finishing time.
4. Thesis topic DIGITAL FABRICATION
(Modular rainwater
collection system using
sheet-bending and digital
fabrication)
Introductio Motivation , Goal:
n Goal 1.To realize and measure the
problems between digital
design and real fabrication.
2.Finishing the methodology of
fabrication
3.Correct and review the process
of digital fabrication and real
fabrication
4.Developing potential form and
material of fabrication that can
decrease the gap between
digital and real fabrication.
5. Thesis topic DIGITAL FABRICATION
(Modular rainwater
collection system using
sheet-bending and digital
fabrication)
Body ISSUE ●ISSUE:
The Problem and strategy of
fabrication
1.Currently available techniques
in fabrication
2. Critiques on time content
3. Critiques on cost content
4. Conclusion
a. The systematic apprisal of
existing fabrication techniques
b. The criteria : cost
c. The complexity(The
amount of man hours involved)
6. Thesis topic DIGITAL FABRICATION
(Modular rainwater
collection system using
sheet-bending and digital
fabrication)
Body
SOLUTION d. The conduct between digital
design and real
materiality(Issue of scaling
from model to full size)
●Solution:
From research to design steps
1.
a. The introduction of
drainage issue process
b. Process : Braided river
c. The extract of folding
models
2.
7. Thesis topic DIGITAL FABRICATION
(Modular rainwater
collection system using
sheet-bending and digital
fabrication)
Body a. Rough types
SOLUTION b. The mathematics of folding
cases
c. Systematic types
3.
a. Fabrication research
b. The methodology of
translating from digital to
fabricated
8. Thesis topic DIGITAL FABRICATION
(Modular rainwater
collection system using
sheet-bending and digital
fabrication)
Body PROCESS Process : Steps
a. Design process in
computer
b. The interactive process :
using models
c. The output from
computer(direct or indirect?)
d. The production of parts
e. Final assembly
Conclusion Conclusion and following-up
development
1.cocnclusion
2. following-up development
9.
10. 1.Tectonic:
●It is from Greek:”tekton”,meaning the carpenter or
constructor.
●Afterwards , it means “the process of creation”,and
roughly “the creation of art ”, even the culture , methods
and concept.
2.A German Botticher(1852) started to mention tectonic in
architecture territory.
●He thought that a building should have two parts-
nuclear and cladding . The nuclear should reflect the
intrinsic quality of nuclear.
●He also mentioned the concept ” part and whole”.
11. 3.A German Semper(1951) classified the tectonics into four ways:
●Earthwork
The harth
The framing
Enclosing membrane
●He emphasized that JOINT is the most important
tectonics in forming a building , and also the tectonics to
separate different materials in a building.
Example:
Tectonics of the frame Stereotomics of the earthwork
(Wood,Steel) (Masonry,brick,Reinforced concrete)
4.Sekler(1957) mentioned
● the relationship among Structure , Construction and Tectonics
in case study.
12. 5.Vallhonrat(1988) mentioned
● how structures and technique influence the
tectonics.
6.Gregotti(1983) thought
●detail is the principle of material and
tectonics , and tectonics are the expression of a
building.
●The structure is from the deliberating of materials.
7.Frampton(1990,1005) emphasized
●connection is the tiniest and most basic element in
structure.
●He defined tectonics as poetics of construction.
13. Tectonics vs. Anti-tectonics
1.Mitchell(1998) brought up
●digital process of design and construction
●anti-tectonics
2.Leach(2004) surveyed
●the digital works by UN Studio , FOA , dECOi…
●Classical buildings is mainly about Form(a motionless
state).
Digital building is mainly about Formation(a active
state).
Conclusion:
Q:Is there any possibility that whether the analysis of
classical buildings in tectonics can be used in digital
works?
●We need a framework of new tectonics to generalize
the classical tectonics and digital tectonics.
14. Pre-digital , Digital and Post-digital
1.Architecutural history should be seen as the process of developing
the tectonics.
2.The concepts of tectonics(view points from professor Liu)
●Micro-historical : are from prehistoric to post modern.
●Micro-historical : pre digital , digital and post digital
3.Pre-digital
●Antoni Gaudi , Rudolf Steiner , Le Corbusier and Jorn Utzon
subverted traditional tectonics by challenging “making forms ” and
“thinking spaces”.
4.Digital
●Because of the maturity of digital processes ,techniques
development and the cooperation between architects and
engineers like Ove Arup , the design of a building became less
unlimited.
●Example : Frank Gehry , Peter Eisenman , Greg Lynn ,
UNStudio,FOA,dECOi…
5.Post-digital
●Toyo Ito,Renzo Piano, Richard Meier(Jubilee Church),Zaha hadid
15. Classic v.s. Digital
(Research methods : The case study)
Three steps
●First step:
We use six classic tectonic factors (Joint ,
Detail,Material,Object,Strucutre,Construction)
One new factor(The characteristic of sense and
topogaraphy , and it is the relationship among a
building , its site and people)
Interaction
We use these seven factors to analysis the 15
elegant works of winners in the Far East International
Digital Architectural Design Award ,The Feidad Award.
16. ●Second step:
After analyzing the 15 works by using the seven elements
(Joint,Detail,Material,Object,Strucutre,Construction and
interaction), we discover that some concepts from the 15
digital works are more than these seven factors,so we
summarize that there are four more factors that should be
gained and added in the analysis.
Motion ,Information,Generation and Fabrication
We use these four new factors to analyse the 15 works.
●Third step:
We use four digital factor(Motion ,Information , Generation and
Fabrication) to analyze 15 other realistic projects by
architects . These architects have the experience of post-digital and
digital design , so the validation of four factor will be the help of the
establishment of new theory of tectonics.
17. Classical Tectonic Thinking
We use the theses from
Boetticher(1982) , Semper(1951) , Sekler(1965) ,Gregotti(1983) ,F
rascari(1983),Moneo(1988),Vallhonrat(1988) and
Frampton(1995) to explain the seven classical tectonic factor.
●Joint
It is the smallest and most important element in
construction,and it can be seen as the generator of
construction.It can connect the whole building,material and
structures by different layers contacts.
●Detail
It is the description of the quality of material,and also the
relationship of forming the building among the scale ,placing
and making.
18. ●Material
It is the element to express the forming and
composition of the construction in a building.
●Object
It is the parts of a building,just like columns ,
walls , floors , doors, windows….
The building is composited by many parts.
●Structure
It is the concept,unit,or the process to deliver
the power.
Structure is also a keyterm to influence the
tectonics.
19. ●Construction
It is the working process to achieve the concept of
structure,and it also possess the the relation in layer and the
process in logic.
It makes the objects of a building arranging in order from
small to large.
●Interactive
It is the relationship between buildings and sites,people and a
building.
It is established in the basic of topography and perception.
Digital Tectonic Thinking
●Motion
Digital design is the development of motive process,just like
form-making(形體操作) and form-evolution(形體推演 by
morphing(形體混合).
20. ●Information
The immateriality of digital and virtuality makes the
material combined with information,and it is composed
into the form of a building to be a new kind of material.
Information becomes the new material of surface on a
building.
●Generation
It is the process to automatically generate the shape and
the concept of a building by using derivation systems and
calculating methods.
●Fabrication
It is the process to produce the objects and constructing
methods by using CAD/CAM(rapid-
prototyping,rp),(computer numeric control),(3d scanning).
21. New Tectonics?
●Because of the development of digital technique,traditional
tectonics
have changed dramatically.
●We need to continue on developing digital theory of
architecture by
systematically methods of combining digital tectonics and
classical
tectonics.
●How new digital tectonic factors are oriented from the classical
tectonic factors?
●Is there any difference between new factors and old factors?
●How the thought of tectonics change by time passing?
●How the basic design process in the tectonics of buildings
change from
classical,predigital,digital to post digital?
22. Five elements of digital fabrication
A . sectioning:
Example : Space,LAN DEMOSEY&ALVIN HUANG,2008
the manufacturing:
The designer cut the streamline shape into lots of projections,and
the method generates lots of sections and plans which becomes the
manufacturing skeleton to be produced.
B . Tessellation:
Example : DeiraSphere Dubai,IwamotoScott,2008
the manufacturing:
the streamline shape is constructed by slips . The slips are
connected to each other very closely to construct the planar or
curvature . The shape and density of each slip desicdes the shape of
the whole body.
23. Five elements of digital fabrication
c.Contouring:
Example:Church in Liesing,Erwin Hauer and Enrique
Rosado,1952
the manufacturing:
Contouring is the techinique to re-generate the surface.It
is often used in architectural material.Is is the way like
sculpture.
d.Forming:
Example:P_WALL ,Andrew Kudless,2009
the manufacturing:It uses economical and certain
manufacturing to produce an element with lots of
duplicated units.It is often used in the joints of a building
like pre-cast boards,the joints of construction,the
ornament,wall and even the whole building.
24. ■Mathematical surfaces and serials
What is surface and series?
☆Surface-two dimensional space , less than gossamer thin
Series-one dimensional idea of sequential elements that
build,within a defining relationship,a changing path
☆The difinition of intrinsic surface space and series governing
growth or change are at the heart of the space-making process.
☆ Surface Surface
Boudaries Interface
of matter of liquid,gaseous,solid and space
25. ☆Surface are generally complex and dynamic at molecular scale.
☆In architecture,surface is predominantly a geometrical idea.
☆What ideas of surface excite the designer?
1.the notion of impossible thinnes(Gauss‟s disappearing
dimension)
2.the qualitative differences between surface as plane,curves in
one direction or warped in two.
3.self-intersection
☆Some surfaces,when immersed in three dimensions,pass through
themselves.
☆The Klein Bottletopologically non-orientable example
☆Ennerper minimal surfacedefined by its curvature
26. ■TEN KINDS OF SURFACES
☆Thinness
The search to find a form of materiality that dematerializes and
leaves the suggestion of a two-dimensional threshold between space
and another without substance or weight.
Example:
1.The tensile structures of Frei Otto
2.Anish Kapoor‟s Marsyas installation in Tate Mordern‟s
Turbine Hall
☆The plane
The surface rarely experiences in the physical world except when built.
Cartesian idea spaceinfinite extension in an idealized,three-
dimensional,continous,homogenous space.
Example:Mies Van der rohe
The preoccupation back to the Renaissance and the development of
projective geometry.
27. ☆Singel-curvature
Dennis Shelden‟s „developable surface<that>sneak on you‟
+
Frank Gehry‟s paper modeling design process
Tacit constraint system
Paper and its bending behavior
☆Double-curvature
Slightly different Significantly different
Set of conditions,intension Mathematics
OUTCOME
Thin shell structures
1.expoited such shapes for strength
2.the geometries of tensile fabric structured
Antoni Gaudi‟developing an architectural language of ruled surfaces.
Felex Candela They found surface through
Heinz Isler physical analogue modeling techniques.
Lamis Xankis
Frei Otto
Gerd Fischer
28. To designer using digital computation,these surfaces are now available
as instant graphical representations from their algebraic descriptions.
The challenge is only to consider fabrication techniques that embrace
the design possibilities presented.
☆Self-intersection
Non-orientable surfaces(those with no clear inside and outside)
Architects engaged with them on topology.
It manifests in three dimensions but disappears in the fourth.
Surface is an important concept in topology
A surfacetwo dimensional manifold(differential geometry for a
mathematical space)
29. Stephen Hydecurvature and non-Euclidean geometry as fundamental
to the Modelling of matter at molecular and atomic scales
Curvatures are fundamental space-makers for architectural modelers.
Since curvature,surface is an idea that has grown in significance.
Curvature Extrinsic Curvature
Intrinsic Curvature
A straight linezero curvature
A circle constant curvature equal to the inverse of it‟s
Radius
When radius the curvature of a larger circle
Why the curvature have to be embedded in two or three dimensions in
order to measure it?
Surfaces
1.It have an extrinsic curvature that is visible whenthey are embedded in
a three-dimensional space.
2.Curvature is also intrinsic.
As we walk across a curved surface in two dimensions,the curvature is
still perceptible.
30. ☆ Non-Eclidean geometry
It developed from 19 century.
Fifth(parallel),postulate implies that for any given infinite line and point
off that line,there is one and only one line through the point that is
parallel.
HyperbolicHyperbolic plane can be imagines as a saddle-shaped
surface in three dimensions.
Elliptical(Riemannian)
☆Minimal surfaces
The sum of curvature in two principal directions on the surface is zero
means minimal surface.
When a wire is dipped into a soap solution manifestats the familiar
shape.
Catenoids minimal surfaceEnneper surfaceself-intersect in
three dimensions
Helicoids
Costa Hoffman-Meeks minimal surfacethrice-punctures torus
☆Mathematical surfaces
They can be described in analytical geometry.
31. Topologically homologous(equivalent) surfacesmaybe very different
in shape.
Mathematical surfacescan be described in analytical geometry,and
belong to generic families that vary parametrically,the characteristics
of their shape matters.
☆Series
Gregory Bateson‟s „pattern that connects‟refer to the genotypical and
phenotypical variations within spacies.
Every crab has the same number of legs and each leg has a
recognizably chrracteristic shape,no two crabs are the same size and
nor are their legs the same shape.
Algorithms that control the idea of series can introduce the level of
repetition with its implicit‟genetic‟variation into architecture within a
geometric schema that allows ana overall meta-level of pattern-
making to be real.
32. 1.Geometry is the best way to achieve the code and algorythm of
material and nature.
2.Geometry is the transcendent between digital fabrication and real
manufacturing.
3.Surface is the most important part in geometry research
33. The possiblity of digital fabrication
1.It lies new possibility since Frank Gehry used
CATIA in the architectural design and
construction.
2.Previously the large number of standard and
modular production in construction limited the
freedom of design into horizontal and vertical
elements.
3.Through Parametric Design methods and
CAD/CAM technique ,the design can be easier
to turn from the standard and large amount
into the customization , and it is more
possibility to discuss the shape.
34. The possiblity of digital fabrication
4.Parametric design could delete the digital information gap
between the design , drawings and construction in traditional
tectonic , and it makes the designer has a good communication
with the client , even the consumer have more choices.
5.The topic of this chapter is to combine the parametric design
and the digital manufacturing,and it focuses on curvature truss
from a thesis “the parametric design and digital tectonics of
curvature trusses” from Ms.Wang(王燕晴),2011.
6.Ms.Wang‟s thesis has dicussed much in Lisa Iwamoto‟s book
“Digital Fabrication,2009”.The book classifies digital
manufacturing into five types:
Sectioning,Tessellation,Folding,Contouring and Forming
*the manufacturing introduction of the five elements
35. The establishment of a research goal-finding problems
Architecture has more possibilities and imagination
because of the digital software using and virtual
models making . From the words be mentioned in
"Digital fabrication" by Lisa Iwamoto : Digital
fabrication , in particular , has spurred a design
revolution , yielding a wealth of architectural invention
and innovation.
The cases in the book "Digital fabrication" are very
innovative ones that try to challenge the form in
curvature .The works are beautiful but cannot afford
the loading itself . The loading are spread to the
boundary or the wall . Below I mention some problems
of nowadays digital fabrication:
36. The establishment of a research goal-finding problems
1.The Loading problem-the loading are
forward the boundary that it could not
bear by themself.
2.The structure are very light , using
temporary material like wood and paper
and it could not stand very long
3.The digital models in virtually are
curvature in whole and wonderful
shaping , but when they come to the real
fabrication , they are separated into
pieces . The joints between every single
element are the problem . It could
decrease the strengthen of the
structure , and making the shape not the
same as in the computer.
37. The establishment of a research goal-finding strategy
4.Just like the Taichung Metropolitan Opera
House by Toyo Ito is perfect in virtually , but when
it turns to the real fabrication,it is slow,having the
problem of cost(including material,employees and
time of finishing)
5.My research is to focus on the best way-
folding from five methods of fabrication from Lisa
Iwamoto(sectioning , tessellating , folding ,
contouring , and forming) to construct a
sustainable and ecological system of canopy and
surface of building.
6.The canopy and surface are devoting on the
water issue when the world is facing the extreme
weather.
38. CONCLUSION
Case1,case2 use folding and
tessellating to form the canopy,but
they have disadvantage of:
1.Labour Intense(using school
cheaper labour to finish the project,but
if we have to finish it outside it could
gain cost of workers a lot)
2.Not self-supporting(Like the
voisour cloud designed by Iwamoto,the
structure are affordance by the press
from the boundary.
3.Not weather -Proof(The canopy
cannot be expoesed on the outsides
environment like raining day,sunshing
exposing or extreme weather)
39. 4.More like Art Installation than
building(Because the tectonic of the
structure doesn't afford the whole
bearing,facilities....etc.)
Case 3 and Case4 are the successful
digital fabrication canopies that not olny
challenge the possibilities of the form,but
also afford the stregthen and the weather
sucessfully.
In "Translations from Drawing to
Building,"Robin Evans expands on the
inevitable separation architects encounter
between drawing,the traditional medium
of the design,and the building,the final
outcome of their work.
40.
41. 2.Reference and Case study(3 cases minimun)
2.1 The definition of digital fabrication
2.2 The general descriptions of cases
2.3 The fabrication processes of cases
2.4 Similarities and differances of cases and the
conclusion(What
is useful for the thesis?)
3.The Problem and strategy of fabrication
3.1 Currently available techniques in
fabrication
3.2 Critiques on time content
3.3 Critiques on cost content
3.4 Conclusion
a. The systematic apprisal of existing
fabrication techniques
b. The criteria : cost
c. The complexity(The amount of man
hours involved)
d. The conduct between digital design
and real
materiality(Issue of scaling from model
to full size)
42. 4.From research to design steps
4.1
a. The introduction of drainage issue process
b. Process : Braided river
c. The extract of folding models
4.2
a. Rough types
b. The mathematics of folding cases
c. Systematic types
4.3
a. Fabrication research
b. The methodology of translating from digital to
fabricated
4.4 Steps
a. Design process in computer
b.The interactive process : using models
c. The output from computer(direct or indirect?)
d. The production of parts
e. Final assembly
43. CASE STUDY1
◆How to make the model separate and form?
The three dimensional petals are formed by folding thin wood laminate
along curved seams. The curve produces an inflected and dished form that
relies on the internal surface tension of the wood and folded geometry of the
flanges to hold its shape. At the same time, materially, the flanges want to
bulge out along the curved edge. This is what allows for the structural porosity
within the constraints of sheet material. The flanges of the resulting dimpled,
concave petals pack together as compressive elements and press upon each
other. This attribute naturally creates vaulted forms and led initially to the
overall design
◆How long does it take to be built?
Two weeks
◆How many people work on this project? :
18
◆How much does it cost?
Unknown
◆The inner area that the canopy cover
About 300 meter square
◆Date . Location . Purpose . Built or destroyed . indoor or outdoor
opened on 1 August and continues until 14 September.
has opened at the SCI-Arc Gallery in Los Angeles.
45. CASE STUDY2
2 .Case :PET PAVILION
Fabricator : Carl Christofferson
2010
Museum of Comtemporary
art,Taipei
Indoor
(1)He spread the graphic
Voronoi on the surface of the
half ellipse.
(2)The material are PET with
5mm in thickness ,and the
construction is divided into 6
parts .When the pet is curved and
connected with each
other ,the rigitity of material gets
higher
(3)The joints between two
elements are spiral
46. CASE STUDY3
4.CASE:HELIOS HOUSE
FABRICATOR:OFFICE DA and JOHNSTON MARKLEE &
ASSOCIATES,2006-2007
(1)Materials: The site utilizes farmed wood from renewable sources;
bathroom tiles utilize 100 percent recycled glass; signage is made
from stainless steel scraps from the project; all stainless steel used
on site is recyclable.
(2) Using a structural bay as a starting point, the cladding system
unifies the column base, shaft, and capital with the canopy.
Furthermore, the surface works parametrically to incorporate
architectural and technical features using the same technique. The
pay kiosk, the structure, the fin panels (as signs), and the canopy
are shaped from the same faceted surface. The triangulated
stainless steel panels reconcile complex, and sometimes
contradictory, requirements of the site, program, codes, and
zoning ordinances, and establish the site』s identity.
48. CASE STUDY4
AlgoRhythm Technologies™ generates a
wide range of unique forms from its genetic
code.
演算法技術產生一個很寬廣範圍的獨特造型來自
於材料本身的基因特性
Material flows under its own weight and
other forces according to morphologic laws
that pertain more to fluid motion than to
static objects. By freeing the elements of
construction from their rigid geometries,
AlgoRhythm Technologies unfolds infinite
opportunities to model a new architecture.
材料的動作來自型態學的規則所造成的自身重量
與力量.這依據於動態流體力學更甚於穩定物質.
經由將結構的元素從剛硬幾何特性解放出來.演算
式技術展現出無限構築新模型的機會
50. 11 Digital Design Manual Marco Hemmerling CAD、Digital design DOM Publishers,Berlin/Germany
12 Frank Lloyd Wright and Kevin Nute Tectonic,Oriented style、 Routledge(Taylor&Francis Group)
Japan culture
13 The Details of Modern Edward R. Ford Tectonics、Details、 The MIT Press
Architecture Ornament
14 On and By FRANK Lloyd Robert Mccarter Form Grammer,Culture Phaidon
Wright(A Primer of
Architecural Principles)
15 The New Mathematics of Jane Burry+Mark Burry Mathematics、Tectonics Thames
Architecture &Hudsin
16 The Function of Ornament Farshid Tectonics、Ornament、 Harvard University,Graduate
Moussavi,Michael Kubo Culture、Climate School of Design
17 Precedents In Architecture- Roger H. Clark Analytic John Wiley&Sons
Analytic Diagrams,Formative Michael Pause Diagrams,Formative Inc.,Hoboken,New Jersey
Ideas,and Partis Ideas,and Partis
18 Details in Contemporary Jennifer N. Thompson Details、Tectonics Princeton Architecture Press
Architecture
19 ClimateSkin-Building skin Gerhard Details、Tectonics、 Birkhauser,Germany
concepts that can do more Hausladen,Michael de Climate
with less energy Saldnha,Petra Liedl
20 Studies in Tectonic Culture Kenneth Frampton Tectonics、Culture The MIT Press
51. 英文書報 作業二 論文寫作的結構賞析
Thesis topic : DIGITAL FABRICATION
(Modular rainwater collection system using sheet-bending
and digital fabrication)
數位設計與真實構築之接合可能性與落差研究(以建築皮層對應永續環境設計操作為例)
Date : 2012.5.17
Tutor : Professor Stephen Roe
Student : 詹竣策(m0017106)