Earthworms largely consume organic matter and give out their excreta called as casts. these casts along with other composted organic material is called as vermicompost. Vermicompost today is part of the organic farming package.
All you need to learn and start composting with aid of earth worms on your own.
Composting of waste to produce bio fertilizer by decomposition or by the use of earthworms called vermiculture.
What is Vermicomposting?
Vermicomposting is a simple biotechnological process of composting, in which certain species of earthworms are used to enhance the process of waste conversion and produce a better end product. Vermicomposting differs from composting in several ways (Gandhi et al. 1997). It is a mesophilic process, utilizing microorganisms and earthworms that are active at 10–32°C (not ambient temperature but temperature within the pile of moist organic material). The process is faster than composting; because the material passes through the earthworm gut, a significant but not yet fully understood transformation takes place, whereby the resulting earthworm castings (worm manure) are
rich in microbial activity and plant growth regulators, and fortified with pest repellence attributes as well! In short, earthworms, through a type of biological alchemy, are capable of transforming garbage into ‘gold’
This is my PPT presented during my M.Sc Environmental Science COurse at Department of Environmental Science, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.
All you need to learn and start composting with aid of earth worms on your own.
Composting of waste to produce bio fertilizer by decomposition or by the use of earthworms called vermiculture.
What is Vermicomposting?
Vermicomposting is a simple biotechnological process of composting, in which certain species of earthworms are used to enhance the process of waste conversion and produce a better end product. Vermicomposting differs from composting in several ways (Gandhi et al. 1997). It is a mesophilic process, utilizing microorganisms and earthworms that are active at 10–32°C (not ambient temperature but temperature within the pile of moist organic material). The process is faster than composting; because the material passes through the earthworm gut, a significant but not yet fully understood transformation takes place, whereby the resulting earthworm castings (worm manure) are
rich in microbial activity and plant growth regulators, and fortified with pest repellence attributes as well! In short, earthworms, through a type of biological alchemy, are capable of transforming garbage into ‘gold’
This is my PPT presented during my M.Sc Environmental Science COurse at Department of Environmental Science, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.
A Large home vermiposting system and information on worm management
The vidio components are at
http://au.youtube.com/profile?user=ausearthlove&view=videos
Vermiculture is the scientific process of culturing of worms in producing vermicompost. Vermicompost is nutrient rich worm castes. Worm castes is excreted product of worms which obtain in provides organic/biodegradable as a food source for worms. These vermicomposting method is very perfect for producing biofertilizers. Advantages and Disadvantages are mentioned here.
Vermicompost is the product or process of composting using various worms, usually red wigglers and other earthworms to create a heterogeneous mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste and vermicast (worm castings or worm manure, is the fecal matter of an Earthworm).
Vermicomposting is very economic friendly and very useful for the growth of crops.
Less expensive than chemical fertilizer as well as other fertilizers. It can be used for several times.
Mushroom compost A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Director General ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Mushroom compost A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Director General Agriculture Extension KPK Province and Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan
This PPT prepared by Dr.E.Sreenivasan of The Western India Plywoods Ltd,is an introduction to the field of industrial wood waste management using vermitechnology
The simplest micrograph uses a 250mL conical flask, upside down, and resting over the eyepiece. A piece of frosted (translucent) plastic or tracing paper covers the "bottom" of the flask and is held in place by a rubber band. This forms a viewing screen. The other type requires the construction of a light weight wooden box mounted on legs. A hole is cut in the bottom of the box so that the box will fit over the eye piece of the microscope. A hole is cut in the top of the box and a piece of frosted glass is used to cover the hole. This becomes the viewing screen.
A Large home vermiposting system and information on worm management
The vidio components are at
http://au.youtube.com/profile?user=ausearthlove&view=videos
Vermiculture is the scientific process of culturing of worms in producing vermicompost. Vermicompost is nutrient rich worm castes. Worm castes is excreted product of worms which obtain in provides organic/biodegradable as a food source for worms. These vermicomposting method is very perfect for producing biofertilizers. Advantages and Disadvantages are mentioned here.
Vermicompost is the product or process of composting using various worms, usually red wigglers and other earthworms to create a heterogeneous mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste and vermicast (worm castings or worm manure, is the fecal matter of an Earthworm).
Vermicomposting is very economic friendly and very useful for the growth of crops.
Less expensive than chemical fertilizer as well as other fertilizers. It can be used for several times.
Mushroom compost A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Director General ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Mushroom compost A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Director General Agriculture Extension KPK Province and Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan
This PPT prepared by Dr.E.Sreenivasan of The Western India Plywoods Ltd,is an introduction to the field of industrial wood waste management using vermitechnology
The simplest micrograph uses a 250mL conical flask, upside down, and resting over the eyepiece. A piece of frosted (translucent) plastic or tracing paper covers the "bottom" of the flask and is held in place by a rubber band. This forms a viewing screen. The other type requires the construction of a light weight wooden box mounted on legs. A hole is cut in the bottom of the box so that the box will fit over the eye piece of the microscope. A hole is cut in the top of the box and a piece of frosted glass is used to cover the hole. This becomes the viewing screen.
Iris acts like the diaphragm of a camera, dilating and constricting the pupil to allow light of differing intensities into the eye. The experiment describes how the dilation and constriction responses of one pupil are geared to the other.
The anecic (intermediates or subsurface dwellers) and the endogeic (burrowers) earthworms create burrows in the soils. These burrows called drilospheres are a haven for microorganisms and also facilitate soil air.
Biological Symmetry is the balanced distribution of duplicate body parts or shapes. The body plans of most multi-cellular organisms exhibit some form of symmetry, either radial symmetry or bilateral symmetry. A small group of organisms do not exhibit symmetry (they are asymmetrical). Many flowers are radially symmetrical and flowering plants demonstrate symmetry of five, more frequently than any other form.
To proceed with the experiments discussed here, you need to know the exact directions from your place of observation. The place of observation should be a open place with level ground. Finding the north using a compass cannot be considered as very accurate as the direction of the earth’s magnetic poles are not aligned with the Earth’s rotational axis
The transfer of energy from a source in plants through a series of organisms is called the food chain and their interlinking pattern is called the food web
This technique is used to simulate a population estimate by wildlife biologists in the field. The first step is to trap a random sample of animals of the species being studied. These animals are then marked in some manner appropriate to the species and released. Then the next step is to do another trapping. Some of the animals captured may have been marked from the first sample. Using a simple ratio, a quick population estimate, Petersen-Lincoln estimator of population size can be made
Germination is a process by which seeds produce shoot and root from the endosperm. Favourable Temperature and Relative Humidity influence the germination process
With climate change and change in rain patterns schools can record rainfall in and around their schools and compare data. The rain gauge can be a useful device for that
Farmers’ best friend, earthworm has been existent at least since the past 20 million years. Needless to say, they have been faithfully releasing the organic nutrients from the dead tissues back into the soil and thus making it available to the living organisms. They have an important roll in organic farming.
Earthworm Secret
Earthworms feed on the decaying organic matter and survive in soil. During digestion in the alimentary canal, all the organic waste gets transformed into natural fertilizer. The pH is neutral and it is an odorless organic matter. After digestion, the undigested food is excreted. There is a thin oily layer on the excreted material or casting which takes as much as two months to erode. In other words, the castings that are rich in plant nutrients are made available gradually since they are released slowly into the soil. Hence they last longer. These castings also contain microbes and hence the process of decomposition is continued through microbial action outside the body of the earthworms.
What is Vermicomposting
Vermicomposting
Vermicomposting
Biologically, it is defined as the process of turning organic debris into worm castings that play a crucial role in increasing the fertility of soil. These castings contain seven times more potash, five times more nitrogen and 1.5 times more calcium than what is found in the topsoil. In addition they have better moisture retention capacity, aeration, porosity and structure than the topsoil. The water absorption capacity of the soil is enhanced thanks to the burrowing action of the earthworm, and the organic content in the castings. Research has shown the castings to hold nine times their weight in water.
Objective of Vermicomposting Project
The main objective of vermicomposting project is to produce organic manure of exceptional quality for the organically starved soil. Agricultural wastes, wastes from dairy and animal farms are usually dumped into at places resulting in a foul mess. By vermicomposting these wastes, they are not only utilized efficiently but also help in making a value-added product.
Types of Earthworm and Classification
Study of earthworms was pioneered by Charles Darwin. Taking the cue, Barrett and George Oliver carried out an extensive study and demonstrated the benefits of earthworms in agriculture. Barrett was the first person to grow earthworms on a commercial scale.
Totally there are 386 different varieties of earthworms that have been identified that are broadly classified into 3 categories, viz. epigeic, endogeic and diageic. This classification is based on their feeding habits, habitat in soil strata, response to the soil conditions and defecation activities.
Epigeic
Thriving on soil surface, they convert the organic waste into humus very quickly.
They have a high metabolic activity but it lasts only for a limited period.
They need a huge amount of organic content as a part of their feed and thus ideal for commercial vermicompost project.
Although they a
Teacher Worm Composting Guide
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For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
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Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
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Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
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Companion Planting Increases Food Production from School Gardens
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
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Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
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City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
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Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
In recent years, it is no doubt that in India, where on one side pollution is increasing day by day due to accumulation of organic waste and on the other side there is a great shortage of organic manure.
It has been estimated that India, as a whole, generates as much as 25 million tonnes of urban solid waste of diverse composition per year. Solid waste comprises of both organic and inorganic matter.
Under the present condition of environmental degradation, vermicomposting technology is the best way to meet all the requirements of the society. This is a process of recycling trash/agricultural wastes in an efficient and eco-friendly manner in order to produce quality compost.
Organic wastes can be broken down and fragmented rapidly by earthworms, resulting in a stable non-toxic material with good structure, which has a potentially high economic value and also acts as a soil conditioner for plant growth.
It is a type of composting in which worms eat and metabolize organic matter that comprises to a better end product known as Vermicast (commonly called as BLACK GOLD) which has a stuff of nutrients that can be directly incorporated into the soil to help with plant fertilization, soil enrichment and soil stability.From a social point of view, organic fertilizers will:
Improve the social status of the individuals and the community.
Create motivation for people to live in the countryside by providing job
opportunities and business plans.
From a hygienic point of view, organic fertilizers will:
Produce chemical-free crops which will improve people's health.
Reduce the danger of lung diseases and other diseases resulting from burning the organic wastes in the field.EPIGEIC EARTHWORMS:
Earthworms of this group cannot make burrows in the soil. They can only move through crevices of the surface. They feed exclusively on decomposing organic wastes.
ENDOGEIC EARTHWORMS:
They are subsoil dwellers. Secretions of body wall of earthworms cement and smoothen the walls of the burrows and protect the wall from collapsing easily. They move below 30cm or more in the soil
ANECIC EARTHWORMS:
They are found in the soil, which is not frequently disturbed. They make very complicated burrows in the sol and they firmly pack their burrow walls with their castings. The Anecic earthworms like Epigeic earthworms are commonly found in temperate countries.Vermicompost is an excellent soil additive made up of digested compost. Worm castings are much higher in nutrients and microbial life and therefore, are considered as a higher value product. Worm castings contain up to 5 times the plant available nutrients. It not only adds microbial organisms and nutrients that have long lasting residual effects, it also modulates structure to the existing soil, increases water retention capacity. Vermicompost contains an average of 1.5% - 2.2% N, 1.8% - 2.2% P and 1.0% - 1.5% K. The organic carbon is ranging from 9.15 to 17.98 and contains micronutrients Nitrogen, phosphorus, Potassium..
A guide dedicated to helping you set up your own wormery in the comfort of your garden. This eBook coves vital topics such as The Benefits of Wormeries and How To Build a Wormery.
Vermicompost is nothing but the excreta of earthworms, which is rich in humus and nutrients. We can rear earthworms artificially in a brick tank or near the stem/trunk of trees (especially horticultural trees). By feeding these earthworms with biomass and watching properly the food (bio-mass) of earthworms, we can produce the required quantities of vermicompost.
Climate change and global warming are the most discussed debates, and energy crisis is one formidable topics. It is essential to introduce the practicality of this crisis through a simple exercise – the energy audit at school.
The human tongue tastes different tastes and these locations are distributed on the tongue. Come let us taste to see which part of the tongue taste what.
Unwanted salts present in the soil or water will make the plants more stressed and reduce the yield or complete death of the crop Sodium (Na) is not to be added for crop growth.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
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for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
1. 015 VERMICOMPOST
Earthworms largely consume organic matter and give out their excreta called
as casts. these casts along with other composted organic material is called as
vermicompost. Vermicompost today is part of the organic farming package.
MATERIALS REQUIRED
Crate/Tank/ bucket with a few holes at the base or side outlet as drain
Gravel, sand, soil, earthworms, cattle-dung pats, straw
A few bricks to keep the crate.
Water
Crate
Outlet
Bricks
2. Earthworms may be surface dwellers (epigeics), intermediates (anecic), or
burrowers (endogeics). The epigeics largely are used in vermicomposting
though the anecics may also contribute in the composting process.
Epigeic (surface dwellers)
Eg: Perionyx excavatus
Anecic (intermediates)
Eg: Lampito mauritii
Endogeic (burrowers)
Octochaetona thurstoni
3. Several local species of earthworms (endemics) can be used in the
composting process. Local earthworms prefer a little soil, so it is better
to have the bed prepared with some good garden soil, as shown below.
for example in crate or tank
for local earthworms
Water
outlet
Bricks
Old Straw
Cattle dung-pats
Earthworms
Garden soil
Coarse sand
Gravel
4. Several foreign species of earthworms (exotics) are today used in the
composting process. For such exclusive composting earthworms set up
the unit as shown below.
Crate or tank
Water outlet
Bricks
Old Straw
Cattle dung-pats
Earthworms
Pre-digested
organic matter
Coarse sand
Gravel
for example in crate or tank
for exotic or exclusive
composting earthworms
5. Keep the unit watering. It should not be wet but should be moist.
Start collecting vermicompost as and when it is produced. Store with moisture.
You may even have 2 units: one with endemic species and one with exotic
species, and compare which produces more vermicompost.
You may add that compost to plants and see which vermicompost is better
the one from endemic species or one from exotic species.
You can also have these units at home and feed the earthworms with the
vegetable peels from the kitchen. They help in recycling biodegradable waste.
6. Keep the unit watering. It should not be wet but should be moist.
Start collecting vermicompost as and when it is produced. Store with moisture.
You may even have 2 units: one with endemic species and one with exotic
species, and compare which produces more vermicompost.
You may add that compost to plants and see which vermicompost is better
the one from endemic species or one from exotic species.
You can also have these units at home and feed the earthworms with the
vegetable peels from the kitchen. They help in recycling biodegradable waste.