This site visit report summarizes the author's observations of a footing construction site for a new hospital building. Key aspects observed included digging of footing trenches, placement of rebar and formwork, pouring of concrete footings, and installation of column foundations. The isolated footings used at this site are a common, economical foundation type to independently support each column where columns are not closely spaced and soil conditions allow. The site visit helped provide real-world examples of how theoretical foundation concepts are implemented in practice.

1. FootingSitereport
Shaikh Munazzar Arshad
2nd Year B.Arch.
Ramesh Phirodia College of Architecture

2. Introduction :
This is the report of Site visit of Footing Carried out in order to understand how
the theoretical knowledge is fitted in practice.
Objectives :
✓ To get an understanding how the theoretical technical details are worked out
on the site.
✓ To understand how Foundation are worked on the site.
✓ To understand the placing of Steel and Concrete on the site.
✓ To get thorough understanding of RCC Foundation, Steel placing,Cover,
Formwork, time period and column placing.
Reason for choosing this site :
✓ The main reason for choosing this site for observation process and to see the
theoretical knowledge being fitted in practice is that this construction site was
implementing all that theory we have gone through at this stage.
Site report:

3. The building site we chose was a hospital building being constructed.
Building Site :
NAME Government Hospital
TYPE OF BUILDING Hospitality
LOCATION Patrakar Chowk, Ahmednagar
DATE OF SITEVISIT 28 Feb 2020

4. Initial step : Digging
Digging done before the placing of reinforcement

5. P.C.C. Bed

6. Placing of reinforcement and Column reinforcement

7. Placing of formwork over reinforcement

8. Reinforcement of lift

9. Stepped Footing

10. Overall Column Placing on the site

11. Column Reinforcement Footing Reinforcement

12. Building Site :Questions asked on the site :
How many types of foundations are there based on depth?
A. The 2 types are shallow and deep foundations. Shallow foundation
transfers the load to very near earth. Deep foundations are used for high
rise buildings to bear heavy loads.
Why the isolated footings are used here on this site?
A. Isolated footings are generally used for single column. They are
independent footings which are provided for each column. Also, they are
economical to construct.
What sizes of bars have you used on the site?
A. We have used bars varying depth from 6mm to 15mm.
How many days are required for the setting of concrete?
A. For 70% curing of concrete, 7-8 days are required.

13. Building Site :Questions asked on the site :
What is the cover for foundation used
A. 50 mm
Why the column bars at the bottom are bent?
A. They are bent because to transfer the loads in the soil along the ground.
They help in transferring the load more accurately into the soil.
What are column, slab, beams and cover?
Footing:50mm
column:40mm
beam:25mm
slab:20mm
Column – 40 mm on longer dimension; 25mm on shorter dimension;
Slab – 25mm maximum in case of residential or commercial buildings;
40mm in case of deck slab in flyover or grade separator which has a
higher depth of 600mm. Beams – 25mm on all sides.

14. Building Site :Conclusions :
Isolated footings are most commonly used footings for Reinforced
cement concrete column because it is simple and most economical. An
isolated footing is used to support a single column. Isolated footings are
independent footings which are provided for each column.
This type of footing is used when
▪ Columns are not closely spaced.
▪ Loads on footings are less.
▪ The Safe bearing capacity of the soil is generally high.