The document introduces the new mainframe and its capabilities. It outlines that mainframes are used by large organizations to host commercial databases and applications requiring high security and availability. Mainframes can process large volumes of different workloads concurrently. Typical mainframe roles include system programmers, operators, developers and administrators. Common operating systems are z/OS, z/VM, VSE, and Linux for zSeries.

1. Introduction to the new mainfame: z/OS basics
Chapter 1: The new mainframe
© Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved.

2. Introduction to the new mainframe
Chapter 1 objectives
Be able to:
•List ways in which the mainframe of today
challenges the traditional thinking on centralized
computing versus distributed computing
•Explain how businesses make use of mainframe
processing power, the typical uses of
mainframes, and how mainframe computing
differs from other forms of computing
•Outline the major types of workloads for which
mainframes are best-suited
•Name five jobs or responsibilities related to
mainframe computing
•List four mainframe operating systems.
© Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved.

3. Introduction to the new mainframe
Key terms in this chapter
•application programmer •platform
•architecture •production control
•batch processing •punched card
•RAS
•compatibility
•scalability
•e-Business
•server farm
•EBCDIC
•system administrator
•high availability •system operator
•infrastructure •system programmer
•mainframe •transaction processing
•online processing
© Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved.

4. Introduction to the new mainframe
Evolving architecture
CMOS –
HW S/360 S/370 S/370XA – 31 bits ESA/390 z/Architecture – 64 bits
Parallel Sysplex
1964 1970 1980 1990 2000 2004
MVT, PCP MVS/ESA USS -
MVS - VTAM MVS/XA z/OS
MFT OS/390 TCP/IP
SW
Linux
CICS VM DB2 WebSphere
z/VM
© Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved.

5. Introduction to the new mainframe
Mainframes in our midst
Mainframes:
• Are prevalent, yet hidden from public eye
• Not often publicized – stable, reliable, dependable.
• Contrast with other forms of computing, such as PCs.
• Present opportunities for college graduates in a variety
of technical fields.
© Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved.

6. Introduction to the new mainframe
What is a mainframe?
A mainframe is a computing system that businesses
use to host the commercial databases,
transaction servers, and applications that require
a greater degree of security and availability than
is commonly found on smaller-scale machines.
The power of a mainframe provides computing
speed and capacity, enabling it to perform high
volumes of processing.
The mainframe can process a mixed workload of
jobs from different time zones and of different
types.
© Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved.

7. Introduction to the new mainframe
Mainframe facts
Who uses mainframes?
• Most Fortune 1000 companies use a mainframe environment
• 60% of all data available on the Internet is stored on mainframe
computers
Why mainframes?
• Large-scale transaction processing
• Thousands of transactions per second
• Support thousands of users and application programs
• Simultaneously accessing resources
• Terabytes of information in databases
• Large-bandwidth communications
There are more CICS transactions processed daily than Web
pages served
© Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved.

8. Introduction to the new mainframe
Factors contributing to mainframe use
RAS -- reliability, availability, serviceability
Security
Scalability
Centralized control
Workload management
Partitioning / virtualization
Continuing compatibility
Evolving architecture
Application enablement, complexity, variety
Potential for thousands of users
© Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved.

9. Introduction to the new mainframe
Typical mainframe workloads
Application Program
Process data to
Batch job Input perform a
Data particular task
Output Data
Application Program
Query
Access shared
data on behalf of
Reply online user
Online (real time) transaction
© Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved.

10. Introduction to the new mainframe
Typical batch use
Residence Branch offices
CREDIT CARD Main
1234 5678 9012
Account balances office
VALID FROM
XX/XX/XX
XX/XX/XX
GOOD THRU
XX/XX/XX
PAUL FISCHER
bills, etc
PAUL FISCHER
5
6 Reports
Processing
reports 7
Statistics,
4 summaries,
exceptions
8 Mainframe
Partners Processing batch jobs
and clients
exchange Reports
information 2
1 Reports
Backup
s 3
Data
update Tape Storage
10 Sequential
9 data sets
Disk Storage
Production System databases
Control Operator
© Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved.

11. Introduction to the new mainframe
Typical online use
ATMs
Account
activities
SNA or TCP/IP 4
1 network
Requests
Branch office
Branch automation
offices systems
2 Mainframe
3 Accesses
database
Office
automation 5
systems
queries 6
and
updates
Central office
Business analysts Inventory control
Disk
storage
controller
Stores
database
files
© Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved.

12. Introduction to the new mainframe
Roles in the mainframe world
Roles
Application Production Control Analyst
Developer
Operator
End User
System Programmer System Administrator
© Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved.

13. Introduction to the new mainframe
Mainframe operating systems
z/OS
z/VM
VSE
Linux for zSeries
z/TPF
© Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved.

14. Introduction to the new mainframe
Summary
The New Mainframe:
Plays a central role in the daily operations of the world’s
largest organizations – and the daily lives of most people.
Is known for its reliability, security, and enormous processing
capabilities.
Is designed for processing large scale workloads and serving
thousands of users and transactions concurrently.
Is managed by highly skilled technical support staff.
Runs a variety of operating systems.
© Copyright IBM Corp., 2005. All rights reserved.