An important requirement for HA and to provide scalability is to detect problems and resolve them quickly before the user sessions get affected. Oracle RAC along with its Family of Solutions work together cohesively to detect conditions such as "Un-responsive Instances", Network issues quickly and resolve them by either redirecting the work to other instances or redundant network paths
Oracle Open World (OOW) 2014 presentation on Oracle Cache Fusion; how it works and how to use it in an optimized fashion to scale an Oracle RAC system.
This version of "Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) 19c & Later – Best Practices" was first presented in Oracle Open World (OOW) London 2020 and includes content from the OOW 2019 version of the deck. The deck has been updated with the latest information regarding ORAchk as well as upgrade tips & tricks.
Oracle Open World (OOW) 2014 presentation on Oracle Cache Fusion; how it works and how to use it in an optimized fashion to scale an Oracle RAC system.
This version of "Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) 19c & Later – Best Practices" was first presented in Oracle Open World (OOW) London 2020 and includes content from the OOW 2019 version of the deck. The deck has been updated with the latest information regarding ORAchk as well as upgrade tips & tricks.
Oracle Real Application Clusters 19c- Best Practices and Internals- EMEA Tour...Sandesh Rao
In this session, I will cover under-the-hood features that power Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) 19c specifically around Cache Fusion and Service management. Improvements in Oracle RAC helps in integration with features such as Multitenant and Data Guard. In fact, these features benefit immensely when used with Oracle RAC. Finally we will talk about changes to the broader Oracle RAC Family of Products stack and the algorithmic changes that helps quickly detect sick/dead nodes/instances and the reconfiguration improvements to ensure that the Oracle RAC Databases continue to function without any disruption
Oracle RAC on Extended Distance Clusters - PresentationMarkus Michalewicz
NOTE that a newer version of this presentation (covering Oracle RAC 12c Release) has been uploaded to my SlideShare: https://www.slideshare.net/MarkusMichalewicz/oracle-extended-clusters-for-oracle-rac
This presentation can be used as an illustration for some of the ideas and best practices discussed in the paper "Oracle RAC and Oracle RAC One Node on Extended Distance (Stretched) Clusters"
Make Your Application “Oracle RAC Ready” & Test For ItMarkus Michalewicz
This presentation talks about the secrets behind Oracle RAC’s horizontal scaling algorithm, Cache Fusion, and how you can ensure that your application is “Oracle RAC ready.”. It discusses do's and don'ts and how to test your application for "Oracle RAC readiness". This version was first presented in Sangam19.
Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) 12c Rel. 2 - Operational Best PracticesMarkus Michalewicz
This presentation discusses operational best practices considering the increasing tendency to use automation to tackle repetitive tasks, which changes how best practices are applied. The presentation therefore introduces and explains which Oracle tools can and should be used to apply best practices. It also discusses "smart features" that one will benefit from automatically after upgrading to Oracle RAC 12c Rel. 2. This presentation was first presented during UKOUG Tech17.
Achieving Continuous Availability for Your Applications with Oracle MAAMarkus Michalewicz
First presented during Oracle Cloud World 2022, this presentation discusses how to "Achieving Continuous Availability for Your Applications with Oracle MAA". You will learn how Application Continuity and related technologies keep your applications available. Get technical insights into how Oracle Database can help protect your application workflows from interruptions caused by planned maintenance or unplanned outages. Hear from customers about which applications benefit the most right away without code changes—and when customization may be required.
"Extended" or "Stretched" Oracle RAC has been available as a concept for a while. Oracle RAC 12c Release 2 introduces an Oracle Extended Cluster configuration, in which the cluster understands the concept of sites and extended setups. This knowledge is used to more efficiently manage "Extended Oracle RAC", whether the nodes are 0.1 mile or 10 miles apart.
The presentation was last updated on August 7th 2017 to add a reference to the new MAA White Paper: "Installing Oracle Extended Clusters on Exadata Database Machine" - http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/availability/maa-extclusters-installguide-3748227.pdf and to correct some minor details.
DB Time, Average Active Sessions, and ASH Math - Oracle performance fundamentalsJohn Beresniewicz
RMOUG 2020 abstract:
This session will cover core concepts for Oracle performance analysis first introduced in Oracle 10g and forming the backbone of many features in the Diagnostic and Tuning packs. The presentation will cover the theoretical basis and meaning of these concepts, as well as illustrate how they are fundamental to many user-facing features in both the database itself and Enterprise Manager.
Oracle Latch and Mutex Contention TroubleshootingTanel Poder
This is an intro to latch & mutex contention troubleshooting which I've delivered at Hotsos Symposium, UKOUG Conference etc... It's also the starting point of my Latch & Mutex contention sections in my Advanced Oracle Troubleshooting online seminar - but we go much deeper there :-)
Oracle Database 19c, builds upon key architectural, distributed data and performance innovations established in earlier versions Oracle Database 12c and 18c releases. Oracle 19c has many new features, in this presentation we have covered below areas
Automated Installation, Configuration and Patching
AutoUpgrade and Database Utilities
Your tuning arsenal: AWR, ADDM, ASH, Metrics and AdvisorsJohn Kanagaraj
Oracle Database 10g brought in a slew of tuning and performance related tools and indeed a new way of dealing with performance issues. Even though 10g has been around for a while, many DBAs haven’t really used many of the new features, mostly because they are not well known or understood. In this Expert session, we will look past the slick demos of the new tuning and performance related tools and go “under the hood”. Using this knowledge, we will bypass the GUI and look at the views and counters that matter and quickly understand what they are saying. Tools covered include AWR, ADDM, ASH, Metrics, Tuning Advisors and their related views. Much of information about Oracle Database 10g presented in this paper has been adapted from my book and I acknowledge that with gratitude to my publisher - SAMS (Pearson).
Oracle RAC 12c Practical Performance Management and Tuning as presented during Oracle Open World 2013 with Michael Zoll.
This is part three of the Oracle RAC 12c "reindeer series" used for OOW13 Oracle RAC-related presentations.
This part concludes the main part of the "reindeer series" except for one bonus track "Oracle Multitenant meets Oracle RAC 12c" (available via SlidesShare, too).
Session aims at introducing less familiar audience to the Oracle database statistics concept, why statistics are necessary and how the Oracle Cost-Based Optimizer uses them
ORACLE 12C DATA GUARD: FAR SYNC, REAL-TIME CASCADE STANDBY AND OTHER GOODIESLudovico Caldara
The new release of Oracle Database has come with many new exciting enhancements for the High Availability.
This whitepaper introduces some new Data Guard features. Among various enhancements, special attention will be given to
the new Far Sync Instance and the Real-Time Cascade Standby.
Troubleshooting Tips and Tricks for Database 19c - EMEA Tour Oct 2019Sandesh Rao
This session will focus on 19 troubleshooting tips and tricks for DBA's covering tools from the Oracle Autonomous Health Framework (AHF) like Trace file Analyzer (TFA) to collect , organize and analyze log data , Exachk and orachk to perform mass best practices analysis and automation , Cluster Health Advisor to debug node evictions and calibrate the framework , OSWatcher and its analysis engine , oratop for pinpointing performance issues and many others to make one feel like a rockstar DBA
Oracle Real Application Clusters 19c- Best Practices and Internals- EMEA Tour...Sandesh Rao
In this session, I will cover under-the-hood features that power Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) 19c specifically around Cache Fusion and Service management. Improvements in Oracle RAC helps in integration with features such as Multitenant and Data Guard. In fact, these features benefit immensely when used with Oracle RAC. Finally we will talk about changes to the broader Oracle RAC Family of Products stack and the algorithmic changes that helps quickly detect sick/dead nodes/instances and the reconfiguration improvements to ensure that the Oracle RAC Databases continue to function without any disruption
Oracle RAC on Extended Distance Clusters - PresentationMarkus Michalewicz
NOTE that a newer version of this presentation (covering Oracle RAC 12c Release) has been uploaded to my SlideShare: https://www.slideshare.net/MarkusMichalewicz/oracle-extended-clusters-for-oracle-rac
This presentation can be used as an illustration for some of the ideas and best practices discussed in the paper "Oracle RAC and Oracle RAC One Node on Extended Distance (Stretched) Clusters"
Make Your Application “Oracle RAC Ready” & Test For ItMarkus Michalewicz
This presentation talks about the secrets behind Oracle RAC’s horizontal scaling algorithm, Cache Fusion, and how you can ensure that your application is “Oracle RAC ready.”. It discusses do's and don'ts and how to test your application for "Oracle RAC readiness". This version was first presented in Sangam19.
Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) 12c Rel. 2 - Operational Best PracticesMarkus Michalewicz
This presentation discusses operational best practices considering the increasing tendency to use automation to tackle repetitive tasks, which changes how best practices are applied. The presentation therefore introduces and explains which Oracle tools can and should be used to apply best practices. It also discusses "smart features" that one will benefit from automatically after upgrading to Oracle RAC 12c Rel. 2. This presentation was first presented during UKOUG Tech17.
Achieving Continuous Availability for Your Applications with Oracle MAAMarkus Michalewicz
First presented during Oracle Cloud World 2022, this presentation discusses how to "Achieving Continuous Availability for Your Applications with Oracle MAA". You will learn how Application Continuity and related technologies keep your applications available. Get technical insights into how Oracle Database can help protect your application workflows from interruptions caused by planned maintenance or unplanned outages. Hear from customers about which applications benefit the most right away without code changes—and when customization may be required.
"Extended" or "Stretched" Oracle RAC has been available as a concept for a while. Oracle RAC 12c Release 2 introduces an Oracle Extended Cluster configuration, in which the cluster understands the concept of sites and extended setups. This knowledge is used to more efficiently manage "Extended Oracle RAC", whether the nodes are 0.1 mile or 10 miles apart.
The presentation was last updated on August 7th 2017 to add a reference to the new MAA White Paper: "Installing Oracle Extended Clusters on Exadata Database Machine" - http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/availability/maa-extclusters-installguide-3748227.pdf and to correct some minor details.
DB Time, Average Active Sessions, and ASH Math - Oracle performance fundamentalsJohn Beresniewicz
RMOUG 2020 abstract:
This session will cover core concepts for Oracle performance analysis first introduced in Oracle 10g and forming the backbone of many features in the Diagnostic and Tuning packs. The presentation will cover the theoretical basis and meaning of these concepts, as well as illustrate how they are fundamental to many user-facing features in both the database itself and Enterprise Manager.
Oracle Latch and Mutex Contention TroubleshootingTanel Poder
This is an intro to latch & mutex contention troubleshooting which I've delivered at Hotsos Symposium, UKOUG Conference etc... It's also the starting point of my Latch & Mutex contention sections in my Advanced Oracle Troubleshooting online seminar - but we go much deeper there :-)
Oracle Database 19c, builds upon key architectural, distributed data and performance innovations established in earlier versions Oracle Database 12c and 18c releases. Oracle 19c has many new features, in this presentation we have covered below areas
Automated Installation, Configuration and Patching
AutoUpgrade and Database Utilities
Your tuning arsenal: AWR, ADDM, ASH, Metrics and AdvisorsJohn Kanagaraj
Oracle Database 10g brought in a slew of tuning and performance related tools and indeed a new way of dealing with performance issues. Even though 10g has been around for a while, many DBAs haven’t really used many of the new features, mostly because they are not well known or understood. In this Expert session, we will look past the slick demos of the new tuning and performance related tools and go “under the hood”. Using this knowledge, we will bypass the GUI and look at the views and counters that matter and quickly understand what they are saying. Tools covered include AWR, ADDM, ASH, Metrics, Tuning Advisors and their related views. Much of information about Oracle Database 10g presented in this paper has been adapted from my book and I acknowledge that with gratitude to my publisher - SAMS (Pearson).
Oracle RAC 12c Practical Performance Management and Tuning as presented during Oracle Open World 2013 with Michael Zoll.
This is part three of the Oracle RAC 12c "reindeer series" used for OOW13 Oracle RAC-related presentations.
This part concludes the main part of the "reindeer series" except for one bonus track "Oracle Multitenant meets Oracle RAC 12c" (available via SlidesShare, too).
Session aims at introducing less familiar audience to the Oracle database statistics concept, why statistics are necessary and how the Oracle Cost-Based Optimizer uses them
ORACLE 12C DATA GUARD: FAR SYNC, REAL-TIME CASCADE STANDBY AND OTHER GOODIESLudovico Caldara
The new release of Oracle Database has come with many new exciting enhancements for the High Availability.
This whitepaper introduces some new Data Guard features. Among various enhancements, special attention will be given to
the new Far Sync Instance and the Real-Time Cascade Standby.
Troubleshooting Tips and Tricks for Database 19c - EMEA Tour Oct 2019Sandesh Rao
This session will focus on 19 troubleshooting tips and tricks for DBA's covering tools from the Oracle Autonomous Health Framework (AHF) like Trace file Analyzer (TFA) to collect , organize and analyze log data , Exachk and orachk to perform mass best practices analysis and automation , Cluster Health Advisor to debug node evictions and calibrate the framework , OSWatcher and its analysis engine , oratop for pinpointing performance issues and many others to make one feel like a rockstar DBA
WebSphere Technical University: Top WebSphere Problem Determination FeaturesChris Bailey
Problem determination is an important focus area in the IBM WebSphere Application Server. Serviceability improvements have been added that have greatly improved the ability to find root causes of problems in both the full IBM WebSphere Application Server profile, and the newer Liberty profile. The session focuses on how to effectively use serviceability improvements added to the application server since V8.0. This includes high performance extensibe logging, cross-component trace, IBM Support Assistant data collector, timed operations, memory leak detection/prevention, and IBM Support Assistant 5.
Presented at the WebSphere Technical University 2014, Dusseldorf
Identity and Access Management Deployment using Lifecycle Management (LCM)ASTCorporation
Recently, while working on an IAM project in which we needed to build an Enterprise Security Infrastructure using the 11gR2PS3 version of the IAM software, the requirement for Lifecycle Management (LCM) presented itself. The LCM tool is designed to simplify and automate the multiple manual steps of a typical IAM installation.
The traditional method of installation includes installing/configuring quite a few components, such as JAVA, WebLogic, SOA, OIM, RCU, then creating a domain. With the introduction of LCM, the installation is simplified and automated; however, there is a learning curve involved and there are changes expected in the infrastructure.
It is important to fully understand the various aspects of the LCM tools and their benefit, as well as how LCM can help reduce implementation time. Herein is a brief presentation prepared for our customer in order to educate them on LCM, as well as highlight the benefits, challenges, and limitation of the LCM tool.
AskTom: How to Make and Test Your Application "Oracle RAC Ready"?Markus Michalewicz
Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) is the preferred availability and scalability solution for Oracle Databases, as most applications can benefit from its capabilities without making any changes. This mini session explains the secrets behind Oracle RAC’s horizontal scaling algorithm, Cache Fusion, and how you can test and ensure that your application is “Oracle RAC ready.”
This deck was first presented in OOW19 as an AskTom theater / mini session and will be presented as a full version in other conferences going forward at which time I will provide an updated version of the deck.
Oracle RAC and Your Way to the Cloud by Angelo PruscinoMarkus Michalewicz
Angelo Pruscino, SVP Oracle RAC Development, presents the future of Oracle RAC, including some upcoming technologies and their relevance for the (private) database cloud as part of his Keynote during the DOAG 2014 conference.
Oracle Drivers configuration for High AvailabilityLudovico Caldara
... is it a developer's job?
UCP, GridLink, TAF, AC, TAC, FAN… The configuration of Oracle Drivers for application high availability is not an easy job. The developers often care about the minimal working configuration, while the DBAs are busy with the operations. In this session I will try to demystify application server’s connectivity to the database and give a direction toward the highest availability, using Real Application Clusters and new Oracle features like TAC and CMAN TDM.
Oracle Open World 2014 presentation [CON8127] on Maximizing Oracle RAC Uptime. This presentation discusses tools integrated into the Oracle RAC Stack and shows which tools to use in the various stages of the system's lifecycle to ensure smooth operation.
At OOW 2015 Oracle has released SOA Suite 12.2.1. This new release provides several interesting new features for developers such as end-to-end REST support, JavaScript support and an XSLT debugger. There are also several new features useful for the operations department such as Integration Workload Statistics, Circuit breaker, In-Memory SOA and WebLogic parallel deployments. In this presentation I will explain and demonstrate these new features and provide several use-cases were customers can greatly benefit by implementing them. This presentation is especially useful for developers, people in operations and architects to help them realize the benefits of implementing SOA Suite 12.2.1.
Security of Oracle EBS - How I can Protect my System (UKOUG APPS 18 edition)Andrejs Prokopjevs
Nowadays having a proper security configuration is a huge challenge, especially looking at the global hacks and personal data leak incidents that happened in IT a while back. Oracle EBS is not perfect and has lots of vulnerabilities covered by Oracle almost every quarter. A very small percent of Apps DBAs know all the features and options available, and usually, do not go over firewall/reverse proxy layer.
This presentation is going to cover an overview and recommendations of options and security features that are available and can be used out-of-the-box, and some of the non-trivial configurations that can help to keep your Oracle EBS system protected, per our experience.
Analysis of Database Issues using AHF and Machine Learning v2 - SOUGSandesh Rao
Oracle Autonomous Health Framework (AHF) is Oracle’s Artificial Intelligence Operations platform for autonomous database health management. This session will focus on enhancements to current functionality and new features in 21c. We will discuss how to use the data which is derived from the Bayesian Net framework of AHF to conduct root cause analysis, telemetry and remediations for issues. You will learn to utilize these features to determine workload footprint, ongoing monitoring, early detection of anomalies and performance issues, their root causes and corrective actions, prevention of node or database failures, and targeted postmortem analysis enabling quick resolution.
Session Highlights:
• Insights into AHF enhancements to current functionality and new features in 21c
• Learn early detection of anomalies and performance issues, their root causes and corrective actions
• Targeted postmortem analysis enabling quick resolution
Elastic Load Balancing automatically distributes incoming application traffic across multiple Amazon EC2 instances for fault tolerance and load distribution. In this session, we go into detail about Elastic Load Balancing's configuration and day-to-day management, as well as its use in conjunction with Auto Scaling. We explain how to make decisions about the service and share best practices and useful tips for success.
Similar to Smart monitoring how does oracle rac manage resource, state ukoug19 (20)
Using Machine Learning to Debug Oracle RAC IssuesAnil Nair
This deck was used at UKOUG 2018 to explain how Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) uses Machine Learning to make the job of Database Administrators easier.
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
3. Quickly Detect Outage Quickly Resolve Outage
with minimum
disruption
Failover to disaster
recovery site for site
level failures
How to achieve Maximum Availability?
5. Detect Outage
Oracle Cluster
Synchronization
Services
Oracle LMS process
Oracle Clusterware
Agents
Oracle LMON process
Oracle ASM
Oracle Memory Guard
Resolve Outage
Node Eviction by
CSS/Agents
Instance eviction by
LMON
Resource move by
Oracle Clusterware
Agents
Service Shutdown by
Memory Guard
5
Failover to remote site
Data Guard
Oracle Database HA Features*
* Not a complete list
Process, Resource, Instance, Node Failures Compete Site Outage
7. CSSD provides Node Membership services
• CSSD is started by CSSDAgent
• Runs as Oracle User
• Sends Heartbeat to both Voting disk and via Private network to
remote CSSD
• Evicts the node if Heartbeats are missing
7
11. Oracle Clusterware Agents
• Agents are spawned by OHASD and
CRSD and they monitor the
corresponding resources.
• Actions based on policy master
• They are persistent processes, therefore
they have better performance over the
script based CRS resource action in pre-
11.2 releases.
• For example, CHECK_INTERVAL of VIP
resource is 1s starting with 11.2.*
12. Agents in Cluster Startup
• OHASD invokes the following agents
• cssdagent
• orarootagent
• oraagent
• cssdmonitor
• CRSD invokes the following agents
• orarootagent
• oraagent
• orajagent aka Java Agent (new in 12.2)
• Any user defined agents
13. Agent Actions
• START, STOP
• CHECK: If it notices any state change during this action, then the agent
framework notifies Oracle Clusterware about the change in the state of the
specific resource.
• CLEAN: The CLEAN entry point acts whenever there is a need to clean up a
resource. It is a non-graceful operation that is invoked when users must
forcefully terminate a resource. This command cleans up the resource-specific
environment so that the resource can be restarted.
• ABORT: If any of the other entry points hang, the agent framework calls the
ABORT entry point to abort the ongoing action.
14. Resource State Information
• Check returns one of the following values to indicate the
resource state:
• ONLINE
• UNPLANNED_OFFLINE
• PLANNED_OFFLINE
• UNKNOWN
• PARTIAL
• FAILED
• Checks are implicitly called after start, stop, clean.
15. Check Action (CRSD)
• CRSD also has a deep check implementation
once every 10 checks
• Deep check involves making sure that the
OCR thread within the CRSD Process is not
hung
• Deep check also involves making sure the
Policy Engine Module within CRSD is not
hung
• Agent will ignore the first two consecutive
deep check failures before declaring that
the daemon has failed
17. HAIP Network Configuration
Node A Node B Node C
SW1 - 192.168.0.0/24
SW2 - 10.0.0.0/24
• Highly Available Network providing
redundancy and aggregation
functions for the private
interconnect.
• No longer requires OS level
bonding configuration
• Better utilization of private
interfaces configured in the cluster
profile.
• Used by both Oracle Clusterware
components and the database.
18. HAIP Implementation Details
• All networks configured in cluster profile is used.
• Configures HAIP Addresses on the private interconnect.
• Addresses created through Link Local Address Protocol.
• Creates IP address in the 169.254.0.0/16 subnet
• Maximum of 4 HAIP addresses configured on any node
• Tolerates interface failures
• HAIP address on failed interface dynamically moved to another
interface
• Dynamically add/remove interfaces from the cluster profile
25. • LMS ships blocks based on
requests by remote clients
• LMS has its own retry
mechanism to handle block
shipping failures
• Very Expensive
• Bad for performance
• LMS can offload to its slaves
to mitigate outliers
• LMS CR Slaves
• LMS monitored by LMHB
LMS manages the Global Buffer Cache
Buffer
Cache
LMS*
Shared
Pool
In-
Memory
Misc
Buffer
Cache
LMS*
Shared
Pool
In-
Memory
Misc
Buffer
Cache
LMS*
Shared
Pool
In-
Memory
Misc
Buffer
Cache
LMS*
Shared
Pool
In-
Memory
Misc
Total SGA
S
G
A
S
G
A
S
G
A
26. CR Slaves to Mitigate Performance Outliers
• In previous releases, LMS work on incoming
consistent read requests in sequential fashion
• Sessions requesting consistent blocks that
require applying lot of undo may cause LMS to
be busy
• Starting with Oracle RAC 12c Release 2, LMS
offloads work to ‘CR slaves’ if the amount of
UNDO to be applied exceeds a certain, dynamic
threshold
• Default is 1 slave and additional slaves are
spawned as needed
26
Time Account Amount
T 13579 $2500
T+1 13579 $2000
T+2 13579 $1000
T+3 13579 $200
28. LMON Has the Final Word on
Which Instances are Part of a
Cluster DB
LMON has it’s own heartbeat to the
other LMONs and to the control file
If there is a timeout, LMON can
evict another instance
IMR – Instance Membership Recovery
29. IMR – Send Timeouts
• "IPC send timeout" occurs
when a cross instance
message is not acknowledged
by the remote instance within
5 min (default timeout)
resulting in an ORA-29740
• ORA-29770 and ORA-29771
error messages introduced in
11.2+ to take action before we
hit an “IPC send timeout” in
most cases.
30. Review: IPC Send Timeouts
• This example is from a 4 node cluster. The alert log from
instance 1 showed a send timeout and the receiver was on
instance 4:
alert_p599a.log-Mon Apr 17 09:42:10 2006
alert_p599a.log:IPC Send timeout detected. Sender ospid 3859
alert_p599d.log-Mon Apr 17 09:42:11 2006
alert_p599d.log:IPC Send timeout detected. Receiver ospid 9014
alert_p599d.log-Mon Apr 17 09:42:11 2006
31. Solving IPC Send Timeouts
• In 11.2 a non-fatal background process called LMHB (Heart beat
monitor) created to monitor health via periodic heart beats
• Processes monitored by LMHB:
• LMON (global enqueue service monitor)
• LMD0 (global enqueue service daemon)
• LMS* (global cache service process)
• LCK0 (Lock Process)
• DIAG and DIA0 (Diagnostic Processes)
• RMS0 (Oracle RAC management server)
• Possibly more depending on version
32. ORA-29770 and ORA-29771
• Any non fatal processes blocking the monitored processes (e.g.
holding latches) will be terminated after a timeout regardless of
system load.
• Fatal processes will only be terminated when load is low.
• Exceptions (no kill) are given when any of LM*, LCK, DIA*
processes are in the middle of CF enqueue or CF I/O operations,
row cache and library cache background operations, or doing
system state dump.
33. Evict Sick Unresponsive Nodes
• LMS1 (ospid: 22636) has detected no messaging activity from instance 1
LMS1 (ospid: 22636) issues an IMR to resolve the situation
Communications reconfiguration: instance number 1
• Evicting instance 1 from cluster
Waiting for instances to leave: 1
Sat Jul 24 10:38:45 2010
Remote instance kill is issued with system inc 10
Remote instance kill map (size 1) : 1
Waiting for instances to leave: 1
• Analysis: Instance 1 was hanging and not responding, so instance 2 evicted
instance 1 and waited instance 1 to abort.
35. Oracle-ASM Automatic Storage Management
35
ASM Cluster Pool of Storage
Disk Group BDisk Group AShared Disk
Groups
Wide File Striping
One to One
Mapping of ASM
Instances to
Servers
ASM Instance
Database Instance
ASM Disk
RAC Cluster
Node4Node3Node2Node1 Node5ASM ASM ASM ASM ASM
ASM Instance
Database Instance
DBA DBA DBCDBB DBBDBB
36. 36
Removal of One to One Mapping and HA
Oracle Flex ASM provides even higher HA
ASM Cluster Pool of Storage
Disk Group BDisk Group A
Databases share
ASM instances
ASM Instance
Database Instance
ASM Disk
RAC Cluster
Node5Node4Node3Node2Node1
Node1 runs as ASM
Client to Node2
ASM ASM
ASM Instance
DBA DBA DBCDBB DBBDBB
ASM
37. 37
Removal of One to One Mapping and HA
Oracle Flex ASM provides even higher HA
ASM Cluster Pool of Storage
Disk Group BDisk Group A
Databases share
ASM instances
ASM Instance
Database Instance
ASM Disk
RAC Cluster
Node5Node4Node3Node2Node1 ASMASM ASM
ASM Instance
DBA DBA DBCDBB DBBDBB
Node1 runs as ASM
Client to Node4
39. Flex Disk Group
DB1
File 1
File 2
File 3
DB2
File 1
File 2
File 3
File 4
DB3
File 1
File 2
File 3
39
Database-oriented Storage Management for more flexibility and availability
ASM Flex Disk Groups
Quota
DB3
File 1
File 2
File 3
12.2 Flex Disk Group Organization • Flex Disk Groups enable
– Quota Management - limit the space
databases can allocate in a diskgroup and
thereby improve the customers’ ability to
consolidate databases into fewer DGs
– Redundancy Change – utilize lower
redundancy for less critical databases and
even change redundancies online.
40. Confidential – Oracle Internal/Restricted/Highly Restricted40
Hang Manager
Detects and Resolves Hangs and Deadlocks
41. Overlooked & Underestimated – Hang Manager
Customers experience database hangs for a variety of reasons
High system load, workload contention, network congestion or errors
Before Hang Manager was introduced with Oracle RAC 11.2.0.2
Oracle required information to troubleshoot a hang - e.g.:
System state dumps
For RAC: global system state dumps
Customer usually had to reproduce with additional events
41
Why is a Hang Manager required?
42. 42
Hang Manager - Workings
• Always on - Enabled by default
• Reliably detects database hangs
• Autonomically resolves them
• Considers QoS policies during Hang
Resolution
• Logs all detected hangs and their
resolutions
• New SQL interface to configure sensitivity
(Normal/High)
43. Hang Manager auto-tunes itself by
periodically collecting instance-and
cluster-wide hang statistics
Metrics like Cluster Health/Instance
health is tracked over a moving
average
This moving Average considered
during resolution
Holders waiting on SQL*Net
break/reset are fast tracked
Hang Manager Optimizations
43
44. Early Warning exposed via (V$ view)
Sensitivity can be set higher, if the user
feels the default level is too
conservative.
Hang Manager behavior can be further
fine-tuned by setting appropriate QoS
policies
DBMS_HANG_MANAGER.Sensitivity
44
Hang
Sensitivity
Level
Description Note
NORMAL Hang Manager uses its
default internal operating
parameters to try to meet
typical requirements for any
environments.
Default
HIGH Hang Manager is more alert
to sessions waiting in a chain
than when sensitivity is in
NORMAL level.
45. Confidential – Oracle Internal/Restricted/Highly Restricted45
Data Guard
Respond to catastrophic site failures
46. 46
Included with Oracle Database Enterprise Edition
Data Guard: Real-time Data Protection
Automatic Block Repair
Data Guard Broker
(Enterprise Manager Cloud Control or DGMGRL)
Failover to remote site
Primary Data Center DR Data Center
47. A licensable option to the Oracle Database Enterprise Edition
Active Data Guard: Advanced Capabilities
Zero data loss at any distance
Automatic Block Repair
Data Guard Broker
(Enterprise Manager Cloud Control or DGMGRL)
Offload Fast
Incremental
Backups
Offload read-only
workload to open
standby database
Primary Data Center DR Data Center
48. 48
Getting most of your Active Data Guard DR site
Active Data Guard: Advanced Capabilities
Zero data loss at any distance
Primary Data Center DR Data Center
Automatic Block Repair
DML Redirection
Offload Fast
Incremental
Backups
Offload read-
mostly workload
to open standby
database
Data Guard Broker
(Enterprise Manager Cloud Control or DGMGRL)
49. Data Guard Standby Redo Apply
In a typical RAC Primary and RAC standby, Only one node of the
standby can apply redo
Other RAC nodes of the standby instance are typically in waiting mode
even if the apply is CPU bound.
Other instance only takes over redo apply only if the instance applying
redo crashes
51. Multi-Instance Redo Apply
• Utilize all RAC nodes on standby to apply Redo
• Parallel, multi-instance recovery means “the standby DB will keep up”
• Standby recovery - utilizes CPU and I/O across all nodes of RAC standby
• Up to 3500MB+/sec apply rate on an 8 node RAC
• Multi-Instance Apply runs on all MOUNTED instances or all OPEN
Instances
• Exposed in the Broker with the ‘ApplyInstances’ property on
standby
recover managed standby database disconnect using instances 4;
53. Multi-Instance Redo Apply Performance
Utilize all Oracle RAC
instances on the Standby
database to parallelize
recovery
190 380
740
1480
700
1400
2752
5000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
1 Instance 2 Instances 4 Instances 8 Instances
Batch OLTP
Standby Apply rates in MB/sec running OLTP, Batch workload on Exadata
54. Autonomous Database = RAC on Exadata (& More)
Autonomous
Database
Automated
Data Center Operations
Oracle Cloud
• Oracle RAC is enabled on Oracle Autonomous Cloud offering
• Oracle RAC meets and exceeds the stringent Autonomous Transaction Processing
Dedicated (ATP-D) requirements
• Successfully providing scalability and availability to the Oracle Database for all
55. Oracle RAC Family of Solutions is
an integrated that works together
cohesively to ensure that
regardless of the failure, the stack
will continue to run with
minimum or no interruptions to
user sessions on both On
premise and Oracle Cloud
environments
55
Summary