Singapore's Public Housing Policy and Its Success

Public Housing Policy in Singapore
1INTRODUCTION
The Singapore public housing policy since its establishment has proved to provide shelter for the population and has contributed significantly to the
economic, social and political development of Singapore. This policy has been the benchmark for the best public housing by other countries notably
China and Hong Kong (Yang, 2010; Wong, 2011).
The public housing policy implementation has been spearheaded by Housing and Development Board (HDB) to tackle post war economic problems
such as rapid population growth, high unemployment rate and a critical shortage of sanitary housing (HDB, 2014). The policy was also aimed to
mitigate social problems such as riots and strikes among the different ethnic groups (HDB, 2014).
The success story of public housing policy implementation lies in the higher economic growth and social stability of Singapore. Economic growth
saw 82% of the population live in 879,000 HDB flats located across 23 towns and estates with home ownership rate at 95% high (Department of
Statistics, 2014). In terms of social stability, the policy implementation has freed Singapore from race riot since 1969 (Department of Statistics, 2014).
However, rising issues and concerns of ageing population, income disparity and higher housing price have destabilized Singapore's public housing
policy (Population White Paper, 2013). In light of these challenges, new measures and directions have to be introduced by the Government to keep
public housing policy relevant
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Strong And Just City Case Study
1.What are the goals of Bloomberg NYC plan? To what extent have they been accomplished?
The green infrastructural plan; PlaNYC, specializes in a form of city planning that focuses on achieving a greener and greater New York. The goals
of the plaNYC looks to strengthen the economy, combat climate change, and enhance the quality of life for all New Yorkers by implementing
environmentally friendly goals. PlaNYC specifically targets ten areas, of which are Housing and neighborhoods; parks and public spaces, brownfields;
waterways; water supply; transportation; energy; air quality; solid waste; and climate change. As generation's come and go, different plans and projects
arise accordingly to how the city is affected. In this generation, PlaNYC ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The goal of affordable housing is a major issue in NYC. Choose a specific site of affordable housing, as mentioned in Lassner–Bloom text. Visit it and
discuss its origin and development. New York city certainly has an affordable housing crisis. Mayor De Blasio has made affordable housing a top
priority of his administration. He has tried to combat the problem by renovating run down buildings that would of otherwise have been torn down. As a
result, the efforts have created hundreds of thousands of apartments that are affordable to low and moderate–income families. However, housing gaps
appear to be growing. The De Blasio administration is pushing for greater density and affordable units in Long Island City. As the developments in
Long Island city shift from rentals to condo the mayor vows regardless of what kind of housing is built some will be set aside for low to moderate
income residents. Under De Blasio's mandatory inclusionary housing policy it requires developers to ensure 20 to 30 percent of units are rent
restricted Long island city is one of the seven neighborhoods that the mayor has target for upzoning as part of its plan to build and preserve over
200,000 units of affordable housing. Queens bridge houses– located in LIC is the city's largest public housing complex in North America with about
7,000 residents it opened in 1939 and is owned by NYCHA. It is located between Veron boulevard, which runs along the east river and 21st street. The
development is separated

Estimating Informal settlers in the Philippines
11th National Convention on Statistics (NCS)
EDSA Shangri–La Hotel
October 4–5, 2010
ESTIMATING INFORMAL SETTLERS IN THE PHILIPPINES
In the Housing Backlog Study commissioned by the HUDCC, the Consultants prepared the estimates of Informal Settlers in the Philippines. According
to the Spatial Statistics of
Informal Settlers in the Philippines component of the Study, informal settler families reached an estimated 550,771 households as of August 1, 2007.
This is based on the extrapolation made using the 2000 Census of Population and Housing (CPH) and the 2007 Census of
Population. The study showed that the highest concentration of informal settlers was in
Quezon City, having more than 90 thousand households. Far second are Rizal in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Moreover, UDHA also distinguishes potential housing beneficiaries from professional squatters and squatting syndicates (Section 27) and new
squatters (Section 44) who occupy the area after March 31, 1992.
The identification of homeless and underprivileged/socialized housing beneficiary or more broadly "informal settlers" in UDHA must take the
following into consideration several aspects:
location in urban and urbanizable areas family income non–ownership of housing facilities elsewhere in the Philippines occupancy in makeshift
dwelling units security of tenure location of dwelling (danger areas, public spaces, government infrastructure projects, private land) not a member of a

squatting syndicate not a professional squatter the business of squatter housing for profit or gain occupancy of the land before March 31, 1992
To this end, the LGUs and the NHA conduct "censuses" on specific areas that involve physical survey of the area, tagging of every structure, mapping
and household listing, ownership of structure, tenure arrangements (rental, sharing arrangements, absentee holdings), as well family composition,
source of income, education. "Censuses" of informal settlers identify all households and even families, as well as structure owners, tenants, sharers,
and other occupants, especially if the area will be cleared of structures for

3gen Flats Advantages And Disadvantages
mplementation of 3Gen Flats
In view of future positive outcomes, the government has made a decent effort to promote 3Gen HDB by offering potential buyers a variety of
favorable policies in order to generate a positive market response. 3Gen HDB flats are offered at the average price of 400,000 per unit, which it is
clearly a bargain for many potential buyers; the decent housing price reduces their dependence on loans on paying off their mortgage, at the same
time, allows them to diversify their investments or save up for future expenses. For the same cause, the government subsidizes the Married Child
Priority Scheme (MCP) applicants with a variety of grants to push the program forward. For example, MCP applicants can receive aid of 80,000
Singaporean ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
What's more, the success of this policy demonstrates an important point that the HDB is leading towards a right direction.
First of all, the 3Gen HDB is a wonderful notion because it corresponds with the demands of the people (refers to table 3). According to a global
survey managed by the Straits Times, Singapore ranks 46 out of 140 livable cities while Hong Kong is three places ahead (Heng, 2016).
Henceforth, Hong Kong is an adept resource of reference to draw a lesson from. Based on a joint research conducted by Goldman Sachs and the City
University of Hong Kong, the finding shows a relative similar trend between Hong Kong and Singapore about the ratio of young people who choose
to live with their parents, which is up to 67% in the age group of eighteen to thirty–four. Over 95% of these people do so voluntarily and the research
connects their behavior to their consumption habit. (Initium Media, 2016) The 3Gen HDB houses are launched to meet the desire of consumers,
which are more inclined to be welcomed by the public; it's upswing of popularity lay the foundation of future successful application to the general

Key Characteristics Of The Housing Development Board Of...
The public housing authority, Housing Development Board (HBD) was a very important aspect to Singapore's basic shelter needs. In 2007, basic
shelter needs were used for 3.7 million of Singapore's population. Singapore is considered a city–state in South East Asia where the government is
heavily involved. As a non–profit organization, the local government is responsible for overseeing and administering certain decisions and
responsibilities of Singapore's public housing. The Housing Development Board was mainly involved in the pricing, marketing and sales of the public
housing authority (Jick & Peiperl, 2011).
Nevertheless, the Housing Development Board would like to develop their organization in multiple ways including how they can ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Governmental organizations have captivating business plans that outline the overall vision, key performance indicators, and work teams of expertise.
Chew Ling Tan wanted to implement changes within the Estate Administration and Property Department. The aim was to initiate modifications to
further the organizations operation and objectives. Employees at HBD were over–staffed and overworked while resources were stretched (Jick &
Peiperl, 2011).
The Housing Development Board wanted to improve its services in three major areas including the involvement of private developers, public
outreach, and overall improved customer service (Jick & Peiperl, 2011). The change challenge for HDB and Tan included improvement to the overall
operations of the organization including work processes and systems. "The goal of the public outreach was to gain greater public buy–in and support
while improving focus groups, particularly grassroots organization" (Jick & Pieperl, 2011, p. 432). Thus, the Estate Administration and Property
Department was expected to manage majority of the operations including housing policies, pricing, and sales to name a few. Challenges faced were
work process and systems that needed modifications through clear operational strategies. Communication gaps affected how work processes and
systems were streamlined. Communication is an important aspect in the overall success of an organization. A lack of communication in

Fraternity Housing Proposal
Date:July 16, 2015
To:Michael K. Young
Cc:Texas A&M Board of Trustees
From:Tyler Vara
Subject: On–Campus Fraternity Housing Proposal
Purpose
The purpose of this proposal is to request permission to set in motion the development of on–campus fraternity housing at Texas A&M in order to
provide formal housing for the universities male Greek population, while also adding another source of revenue for Texas A&M acquired through
rental fees paid by fraternities with on–campus housing.
Summary
As of now fraternity housing at Texas A&M is virtually nonexistent, with fraternities forced to purchase land on the outskirts of Bryan/College Station.
Texas A&M has a large amount of land that is not currently utilized and therefore is not generating... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Jack Lindsley, Mays Business School, member of the PPA masters program at Texas A&M, President of Kappa Alpha Order at Texas A&M, work
experience at a notable Law Firm in Dallas, Texas.
Tyler Vara, Recreation Parks and Tourism Sciences Major with a Minor in Business, work experience includes: Vanguard Veterinary Associates, Texas
A&M Transportation Services, Remington Blue Properties, David Gardner's Jewelers, Wile Farm & Co., Brenco Oil Company, and Broach Cattle Co.
Jordan Denning, founder and owner of Jaxon Construction Company. Jordan has been in the Construction Industry for more than 15 years and is well
known throughout the Residential Construction Industry.
References
Denning, Jordan. "Jaxon Construction." Jaxon Home Improvement. WordPress, 2 Apr. 2011. Web. 21 July 2015.
Moorthy, Neelesh. "Fraternity Houses Cause Off–campus Tension." The Duke Chronicle. Duke Student Publishing Company, 16 Feb. 2015. Web. 21
July 2015.
Neidig, Harper. "Housing Is Not the Change Fraternities Need." The State Press. Press Publishing Company, 3 Mar. 2015. Web. 21 July

Extended Essay on Economics
Ho Wei
ACS (International)
Extended Essay
Subject: Economics
Word Count: 3988
Investigation Question
To what extent do the Singapore Government's policies on housing and immigration, help to increase the demand of the private property sector in the
housing market.
Abstract
The research question of this Economics Extended Essay is, "To what extent does the Singapore Government's policies on housing and immigration,
help to increase the demand of the private property sector in the housing market." For this investigation I used a variety of gathered raw data and
policies from the Singapore government websites, on top of that I kept a collection of newspaper progressively monitoring the local property market.
The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The lack of housing access was a serious problem, hence the government undertakes mulitple measures to tackle the massive housing shortage inherited
from the colonial government to ensure that all of its citizens had access to affordable housing.[1]
.
This research topic is significant to the current property market in Singapore and its sudden increased demand for houses despite the economic
downturn, exploring deeper as to whether the government policies were the real influential causes to this boom in property demand. It has relevance to
the economic concepts of demand and supply, elasticity, inflation and monopolistic competition. This topic is worthy of investigation because it is a
hot media topic in Singapore, and is widely debated in the country because it's the most expensive household asset.[2]

My focus question of this extended essay will be
|To what extent does the Singapore Government's policies on housing and immigration, help to increase the demand of the private |
|property sector in the housing market? |
I shall look into details how policies in the public and private housing market and the immigration policies affects the private market, despite property
prices steadily increasing, the private property market in Singapore continues to boom. There are many factors that play a role in this drastic demand
for private property

Introduction To Urbanization Of India With Specific...
Elective: Urban Community
Assignment submitted by Sana Rana
3rd semester – DSSW
Examine urbanization in India with specific reference to urban infrastructure provisioning.
Introduction
One third of India's total population lives in town and city and it is expected to increase half by reaching 2025. It is also one of the greater facts that
around 60 % of city urban population lives in slums and this also will definitely grow to a larger by 2025. There are reasons to it such as inadequate
economic position; inadequate finance and lack of transparency in governance and service provisioning are identified as the root cause of
slums–growth in urban areas of India. In most of the country urbanization is planned but in India urbanization is ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
(Anderson, 19664). India's urbanization is least in compared to other countries of the world urbanization took place very late, between 1951 to
2001, the level of urbanization increased by only 13%, however if we see the census of the country we can see the rise of population in every
decade. More than 2 /3rd populations of India lives in urban agglomerations, agglomeration are those regions which has population greater than one
million. Now the country is facing the rural urban migration in a large extent. Rural population are migrating to urban areas in search of jobs,
majority among them were unskilled so they get into unorganized sector in the form of labour work force. The cities are developing in constructing
new houses malls, buildings, MNCs Multiplexes, Metros, Roads etc but the workers involved in this gets very less in return, as they fall under lower
level of income group and hence they are bound to live in slums of the city that is one of the reason slums are un expectangely getting higher in cities.
In most of the county's cities are planned, Beijing, Hon Kong, Las angles, Paris etc. are one such examples. According to census urbanization is

How Did Mrs Frankie Whitman Change The World
Mrs. Frankie Muse Freeman is the most inspiring person of 1964, because she changed the world when people were racially discriminating and
when it was not common for women to be in positions of power; this was in a time that it was acceptable. Mrs. Freeman worked really hard in life to
be a good person and do what's right to fix these problems. She made the community better a lot like her parents, working many jobs including
co–counseling in the NAACP. In addition, President Johnson asked her to be on the new U.S. civil rights commision. Even as she got older she still
never quit helping others however, when she was still pretty young she opened her own law practice. She worked at a lot of different jobs throughout
her life to help

Housing Boom Monetary Policy
Monetary policy plays a vital role in the housing market developments since housing is one of the more sensitive sectors. Housing demand is
determined through the level of interest rates and other economic factors. One of the factors that could have contributed to the housing market
development is the low level of nominal funds rate. This paper assessed how much the monetary policy contributed to the housing boom based on
several perspectives. The first perspective that we will look at is the timing of the housing boom. During this time residential investment moved above
the average range and rose substantially towards the end of the year (Dokko, J., Boyle, B., Kiley, M. T., Kim, J., Sherlund, S., Sim, J., & Van den
Heuvel, S, 2009). During

Case Study Of Sim Lian Group Limited
1.0Introduction Sim Lian Group Limited is one of Singapore's most established property development and Construction Company, backed by an
outstanding track record in construction that spans for more than 3 decades. The Group's evolution into an established player in Singapore's
property market began with its mission of "Creating space, creating homes". These are the starting points for Sim Lian's architectural designs,
which seek to provide modern living, creating a luxurious field of space and a cocoon of premium living. The Group was listed on the Mainboard
of the Singapore Exchange in 2000. Apart from getting listed on the Singapore Exchange in the year 2000 and received many awards and accolades
over the past 25 years. This standing is reflected in the Group's broad portfolio of developments today, embracing both freehold condominium in
prime districts as well as the first private developer in Singapore to undertake the Design, Build and Sell Scheme tender from Housing Development
Board (HDB). (Business times Over the years, the Group carved out a formidable niche in the market, gained a reputation as a progressive,
customer–oriented company dedicated to providing innovative and exquisitely crafted developments and also having won the confidence and esteem of
home buyers. Today, the Group's two core activities of property... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are other developers who win the tender and build EC too. The threat these competitor's development may pose to the Group relates to the
location accessibility, the architectural design and structure, the facilities the development has and the choices of unit sizes. The Tampines Trilliant
has a strong advantage over the first 3 variables but they do not have a choice of smaller units. Most of the ECs in Singapore have smaller units such
as a 2 bedroom or 1 bedroom unit, as such, it becomes a threat the Group may foresee when buyers starts to compare. (Alida,

American Campus Communities Mission Statement
Mission Statement
American Campus Communities mission is to consistently provide every resident with an environment conducive to healthy living, personal growth,
academic achievement and professional success. American Campus Communities promises to deliver the best possible experience to students at every
single price point.
Company Overview
In 1993, American Campus Communities was founded by William C. Bayless, Jr, headquartered in Austin, Texas. American Campus Communities is
the nation's largest developer, owner, and manager of high qualitystudent housing communities. ACC specializes in these dormitory housing properties
across different universities and colleges throughout the United States, including both on–campus and off–campus housing. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
American Campus Communities specializes in the design, finance, development, construction management, and operational management of student
housing properties. As stated on their website, American Campus Communities is the nation's largest developer, owner, and manager of high quality
student housing communities and they are involved in the development, acquisition, and management of over 350 student–housing communities,
which consist of more than 220,000 beds. American Campus Communities also states on their website, "its goal is the same whether it's creating a new
development, upgrading an acquired community, or partnering with a university to develop or manage on–campus housing." Its goal is to deliver the
best possible experience to students at every single price point. American Campus Communities has a singular focus and seeks to provide students with
outstanding resources and positive environments they need to succeed academically and personally. With over $9.6 billion total enterprise value,
American Campus Communities gets the student housing experience, because student housing is all American Campus Communities

Monetary Policy And Housing Markets Essay
Running head: MONETARY POLICY AND HOUSING MARKETS 1
Principles of Finance 1
Murali Yoheswaran
University of the People
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for BUS 2203 –
Section (B) – Principles of Finance
Dr. Sali Bakare
September 12, 2016
Running head: MONETARY POLICYAND HOUSING MARKETS 2
Abstract
The U.S monetary policy and the housing market developments are instruments that rely on each other. Any change on one instrument will have an
effect on the other. We saw this with how the U.S economy housing bubble and bust which left the country in dismay. It was like a super tornado that
ripped through and left a crushing debris, the U.S economy housing market was going through some rude awakenings. If the U.S monetary policy was
more stringent and placed proper channels then all of this disaster could have been averted.
Running head: MONETARY POLICY AND HOUSING MARKETS 3
What role did the setting of monetary policy play in housing market developments?
The Federal Reserve Board describes the monetary policy as the policy that the Federal
Reserve, the nation's central bank, does to influence the amount of money and credit in the U.S economy. What happens to money and credit affects
interest rates and the performance of the
U.S economy. The monetary policy creates a playing field for the economy where money value varies and inflation controls the purchasing power.
Monetary policy is a noteworthy instrument since it can control how much money is borrowed and how much

Case1
For the exclusive use of X. LI, 2015. HKS751 Case Number 1989.0 Budget Woes and Worse Ahead... Pine Street Inn, Boston's Iconic Homeless
Shelter, Re–Thinks its Strategy In the early 2000s–after a 15–year push to create emergency shelters for the burgeoning homeless population in U.S.
cities–shelter funding began to decline, nationwide. For Pine Street Inn, Boston's foremost homeless shelter, with 715 beds in five facilities, the first
sign of trouble came in the form of several consecutive years of level funding. But in 2004, the situation worsened; Pine Street's revenue dropped from
$29.6 to $26.9 million. In alarm, Pine Street Inn Director Lyndia Downie and the Pine Street Board of Directors commissioned... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
For the exclusive use of X. LI, 2015. While other shelters might screen out the intoxicated, the active drug users, the ex–offenders, or those with
unmedicated psychiatric disorders, Pine Street prided itself on turning no one away. If all the beds were full, as they often were in winter, Pine Street
made room on the floor. 2 To sleep in a shelter was unpleasant, but it was generally safer and–in Boston's frigid winters–certainly warmer than sleeping
rough, on a park bench, in a doorway, or atop a heating grate. By the early 2000s, Pine 3 Street's five shelters collectively held 715 beds–more than a
third of Boston's shelter capacity. Some 12,000 homeless people were served at Pine Street each year. Pine Street was unwavering in its commitment to
provide all guests–and they were always called guests, as a matter of policy–with respect and an unconditional welcome. The only rule was that they
not harm themselves or anyone else. Pine Street's distinctive and unstinting commitment to providing shelter with no conditions, no judgment and no
strings dated back to the organization's creation in 1968 and its first director, Paul Sullivan, appointed the following year. Sullivan had left an indelible
imprint; two decades after his 1983 death, he was still routinely referenced at Pine Street. A man of local renown, Sullivan's zeal and personal devotion
to

Proposed Plan And Scheduled Implementations Of Housing...
Definition of Project:
The proposed plan and scheduled implementations of Housing Development Board (HDB), Singapore's is the response to, "extreme pressure to change,
driven by increasing customer expectations and public scrutiny. The government agency will become much more customer–focused, more efficient,
and innovative in meeting the ever changing needs of the population it serves," (Jick & Peiperl, 2011). HDB, Singapore understands "change is
inevitable" (Calland & Keith, 2015). This acknowledgment has spearheaded strategies towards positive transformation.
Chew Ling Tan's proposes a strategic plan to stimulate and implement organizational restructure, cultural change and transformation: thereby meeting
the current needs of Housing Development Board (HDB), Singapore while projecting and planning for sustainability of mission both presently and in
the future.
Chew Ling Tan's proposal is the result of a vision that is focused on growth and prioritizes customer demand. The proposal is receptive to feedback
from all areas: customers, internal and external personnel. Chew Ling Tan's is respectful of those, who have experience and seniority but welcomes the
views of a younger generation and the input they can provide. It is the acceptance and knowledge of enthusiastic staff that will keep the company
presently focused and future–oriented.
Optimally change is achieved through trust and confidence and by creating an environment of employee acknowledgment and customer

Mercy House By James Madison University
Mercy House has entered its 28th year of operations and serves as the family homeless shelter serving the City of Harrisonburg, Rockingham County,
and the surrounding region. The agency also administers the Centralized Housing Intake program. Mercy House is a 501(c) 3 corporation with an
experienced management team and a highly engaged Board of Directors. The agency conducts business in accordance with the highest standards for
transparency and fiscal accountability including yearly independently audited financials. Additionally, Mercy House has extensive internal fiscal
management controls and regular financial oversight. With an annual operational budget of $1.4 million dollars, Mercy House has demonstrated the
ability to secure ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Executive Director is responsible for the day to day administration of First Step, which includes hiring and supervising agency staff and
volunteers. She is also responsible for seeking and obtaining funding for the agency and managing all grants, making sure that grant conditions are met
and that reports and invoices are correct and submitted on time. She has served in her current capacity since 2008.
Shenandoah Alliance for Shelter (SAS) is entering its 27th year of operations and despite losing the shelter facility to fire in April of 2014, the
agency has continued to serve the homeless and provide shelter to households throughout the Western Virginia CoC. SAS serves as the leading agency
for the Homeless Prevention Program in the CoC VA 513. SAS is a 501(c) 3 corporation with dedicated Board of Directors. The organization is
debt–free and maintains a solvent balance sheet. The agency maintains high standards for fiscal and administrative management including annual
independently audited financials. SAS has comprehensive internal financial controls in place, including the use of generally accepted accounting
procedures, a CPA on the current board who serves as Treasurer and who oversees all financial reporting and signs off on all invoices. The agency
also requires regular Board Financial committee oversight, and monthly oversight by the full board of directors.
The Laurel Center (TLC) was founded in

Non Teaching Credit Course Report
NON TEACHING CREDIT COURSE REPORT On
The Effect of housing characteristics on price and rent of residential properties.
In Noida sector 50/51
Prepared and presented to
Under the guidance of
Faculty Guide Name–
Debarpita Roy
Submitted by
Yash Gupta
Enrollment no.–A13558814015
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project entitled "Effect of housing characteristics on price and rent of residential properties in Noida sector 50/51" submitted
for the BBA–Real Estate and Urban Infrastructure is my original work and the project has not formed the basis for the award of any degree,
fellowship or any other similar thing.
YASH GUPTA
BBA–REUI
A13558814015
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I take the opportunity to express my gratitude to the people who have been instrumental in the successful competition of this project.
I would like to acknowledge to debarpita Roy my faculty guide from RICS for her support.
I am highly indebted to debarpita Roy for getting actively involved right from the plan draft and final report preparation. Her timely inputs and critical

observation of the work helped me to improve my report.
Due credits to my parents, almighty god & peers for their timely help, support and cooperation.
Yash Gupta
Date–1st November 2014
Place– Noida, UP
OBJECTIVE OF THE REPORT–
Housing refers to a social problem of insuring that members of society have a home to live in, whether this is a house, or some other kind of dwelling,
lodging, or shelter.

PLANYC: New York City
1.What are the goals of Bloomberg NYC plan? To what extent have they been accomplished?
The green infrastructural plan: PlaNYC, specializes in a form of city planning that focuses on achieving a greener and greater New York. The goals
of the plaNYC looks to strengthen the economy, combat climate change, and enhance the quality of life for all New Yorkers by implementing
environmentally friendly goals. PlaNYC specifically targets ten areas, of which are Housing and neighborhoods; parks and public spaces, brownfields;
waterways; water supply; transportation; energy; air quality; solid waste; and climate change. As generation's come and go, different plans and projects
arise accordingly to how the city is affected. In this generation, PlaNYC ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is a predominantly a minority neighborhood. The area is low–rise, made up of single– and multifamily homes with a smattering of apartment
buildings. Residents of northern Richmond Hill have easy access to Forest Park. This neighborhood, which lies close to JFK airport and near the
Jamaica Bay Wildlife preserve, is served by the A, J, Z and E lines of theNew York Citysubway. Richmond Hill is a popular choice for working
professionals with families because it offers a quiet and affordable option. They are many identical houses going for up for blocks on end. The
community board for Richmond Hill is Queens's community board 9. In 2014 a brand new housing development opened up. The development is made
up of two different sections, one for low–income families, which consist of 117 affordable units, and another for seniors with 65 units. It is a
seven–story building that has studios; one, two and three bedroom unit's .The housing development was constructed on a brownfield location and is
energy efficient.
4. The goal of affordable housing is a major issue in NYC. Choose a specific site of affordable housing, as mentioned in Lassner–Bloom text. Visit it
and discuss its origin and

Habitat For Humanity Essay
Habitat for Humanity Habitat for Humanity International is a nonprofit, world–wide Christian housing ministry. Habitat for Humanity International
seeks to eliminate poverty housing and homelessness from the world, and to make decent shelter a matter of conscience and action. "Habitat for
Humanity works in partnership with God and people everywhere, from all walks of life, to develop communities with people in need by building and
renovating houses so that there are decent houses in decent communities in which every person can experience God's love and can live and grow into
all that God intends." Since its founding in 1976 by Millard and Linda Fuller, Habitat for Humanity International has built and rehabilitated more than
100,000... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
How does a Habitat for Humanity affiliate get started? Habitat affiliates start when concerned citizens of diverse backgrounds come together to address
the problem of poverty housing in their community. These volunteers research the community's affordable housing needs and resources and evaluate
the potential success of Habitat's self–help model in their community. The group then applies to HFHI to become an official Habitat affiliate. If you
are interested in eliminating poverty housing in your community, please call (800) HABITAT or (800) 422
–4828. Those calling from outside the
United States may contact HFHI headquarters at 01–229–924–6935. Why Habitat for Humanity is needed The state of the world's housing The world
is experiencing a global housing crisis. About 1.6 billion people live in substandard housing and 100 million are homeless, according to the United
Nations.(1) These people are increasingly urban residents, and every week more than a million people are born in, or move to, cities in the
developing world.(2) Today, a billion peopleвЂ•32 percent of the global urban populationвЂ•live in urban slums. If no serious action is taken, the
United Nations reports that the number of slum dwellers worldwide will increase over the next 30 years to nearly 2 billion.(3) In the United States
alone, 95 million people have housing problems That's

Affordable Housing Proposal
The Los Angeles County Board has allocated $25 million dollars to spend on new programs that promote social justice. I have developed a proposal to
allocate the money to create affordable housing complexes in communities within the city. The communities selected for housing developments are
Boyle Heights, Watts, Chinatown, Pico–Union and Elysian Park. The proposal includes spending all $25 million in five developments of affordable
housing. Each housing development will have twenty five 2–bedroom apartments. A total of one hundred low income families will benefit in total. My
proposal includes asking each family to pay a monthly rent of 1/4 of their monthly earnings. The monthly rent collected from tenants can be used to
maintain the developments,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
My proposal will benefit only families of the local communities mentioned previously. These communities have been afflicted with a new interest for
gentrification of more affluent residents. We need to protect the low income families from displacement of their neighborhoods. Data that must be
collected to initiate the proposal is the family's income, financial issues, and household size. We are also going to gather data regarding housing prices,
rentals and the impact of gentrification within the

According to the Singapore consumer watchdog, there have...
According to the Singapore consumer watchdog, there have been an increasing number of complaints against tuition agencies in the country. With the
given situation, the quality of education is then compromised. Several agencies remain to be unregulated, making and following their own rules. Given
the standard regulations and procedures, owners still remain to be deviant. Others owners are informed however, that they still manage to overlook the
standards. To serve as a guideline, the following is a discussion on the standard procedures on how to set up a tuitionagency in Singapore.
Two Methods to Register
Basically, there are two methods of registration: 1) smart and paper forms and 2) electronic registration.
The first method requires ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
CPE Requirement
1. Evidence of Registration by ACRA
All the relevant documents from ACRA must be forwarded to CPE for compliance. Without the requirements, the applicants cannot move forward to
further registration procedures. One of the requirements checked is the tuition agency for proprietary. The proprietary name is integrated with
academy, school, or education to be labelled as a place of learning.
The CPE makes sure that no two tuition agencies have the same name, otherwise parents and students will be confused. Association with the
government such as the inclusion of Singapore, nations or government is also discouraged.
2. Details of the Agency Managers
A list of the ruling body for the tuition agency must also be identified. The managers are the same with the listed directors of the business as
registered by ACRA. A full personal detail in the Declaration Form is required. In case of the issues, this form serves as a proof for accountability of
the managers. It is also used for scrutiny.
3. Suitability of the Agency Premises
The agency premise is more on the infrastructure allotted by the tuition agency. Much like in every educational institution, there is a minimum space
for classrooms and administrative duties. Aside from the enclosures, CPE also requires all the premises to be danger–free. In fact, CPE ensures that the

Social Change Model Paper
The two social change models I chose to compare are Economic or Housing Development and Ad Hoc Neighborhood Groups. The similarities between
these two groups are that they occur in places, are pragmatic in motivation and change ideology. The differences are clearly marked, however. Whereas
Ad Hoc groups are small groups that participate in gathering members by word of mouth and recruiting others via door to door or similar methods,
Economic Housing and Development are run by professionals, (business owners) in the community and mobilize via community institutions. Another
marked difference is the population of the groups, with Economic Housing and Development having more members than those of the Ad Hoc groups,
as well as possessing more resources

Parking Restrictions For A Condominium
What every Condominium Association needs to know about Parking Restrictions
The enforcement of parking restrictions is one of the most problems that condominium associations and property managers are forced to deal with. In
densely packed urban areas, parking spaces are often at premium in condominiums and issues arise when co–owners fail to park in their designated
areas. In contrast, suburban site condominiums with single family homes often face parking issues related to parking boats, commercial vehicles or
inoperable vehicles in driveways or on the street. Accordingly, given the vast array of potential parking issues that can arise in acondominium,
condominium associations and property managers need to be prepared to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While the Michigan Condominium Act does not have any specific provisions that regulate parking, MCL 559.156(a) states that the condominium
bylaws may contain provisions that "are deemed appropriate for the administration of the condominium project not inconsistent with this act or any
other applicable laws." However, any condominium bylaws that are related to parking must be reasonable. Slatterly v Madiol, 257 Mich App 242,
256; 668 NW2d 154, 163 (2003) ("Bylaws must be reasonable in themselves as well as in their practical application."). Finally, even if the
condominium bylaws are silent with respect to adopting any specific parking standards or not specific, most condominium bylaws allow for the
condominium board to adopt reasonable rules and regulations that govern the use of the common elements. Meadow Bridge Condo Ass 'n v Bosca,
187 Mich App 280, 282; 466 NW2d 303, 304 (1990) ("...the board has the authority to promulgate reasonable rules and regulations."). Accordingly, prior
to taking any action with respect to enforcing parking restrictions, condominium boards and property managers should determine whether the
condominium bylaws and/or rules adequately address parking issues or whether amendments are needed. Common issues that should be addressed in
the condominium bylaws or parking rules are as

Criteria For A Charter Chapter At Illinois State University
Section 3, continued 5. Criteria for chartering: To include minimum number of students pledged to establish a secure colony For our new chapter at
Illinois State University, it is our goal to have a charter class of 145 members and average chapter size within one year of establishment. We are
proud to say every new chapter has gone on to be installed. The expectations for the new chapter at ISU mirror the expectations Kappa Kappa Gamma
has for each chapter. From the moment the new chapter is established, we expect the charter members to uphold the values and mission of our
organization. All charter members will be expected to complete the New Member Experience in order to be Initiated. This is the same requirement for
all new members... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Our goal is to ensure the chapter facility is at capacity and suits the needs of the chapter. Section 4. Organizational Structure 1. List of all chapters in
Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Iowa, Wisconsin, Missouri and Illinois Collegiate chapters in Indiana, including the current number of members (in order
from smallest to largest): ValparaisoUniversity 60 DePauw University 92 Purdue University 109
Butler University 146 Indiana University 163 Collegiate chapters in Kentucky, including the current number of members (in order from smallest to
largest): Centre College 62 University of Kentucky 206 Collegiate chapters in Ohio, including the current number of members (in order from smallest
to largest): Ohio Wesleyan University 38
University of Akron 54 Bowling Green State University 65 John Carroll University 72 Denison University 88 University of Cincinnati 120 Miami
University 178 Collegiate chapters in Iowa, including the current number of members (in order from smallest to largest): Simpson College 35 Drake
University 87 University of Iowa 122
Iowa State University 131 Collegiate chapters in Wisconsin, including the current number of members (in order from smallest to largest): Lawrence
University 51
University of Wisconsin 191 Collegiate chapters in Missouri, including the current number of members (in order from

Business Implications Of Social Housing
Sector implications
The one per cent annual reduction to social housing rents over past four years and other welfare reforms set out in the July Budget have left RPs with
little option but to make further efficiency savings. The sector is facing a huge period of change and a range of financial pressures and we're seeing
many RPs taking action now to ensure they remain fit for the future.
Over the last couple of years tenants have been fairly well protected from cost saving measures with the majority of RPs reluctant to reduce tenant
services. In our 2014 survey just 16 per cent of respondents had made or were considering making cuts in this area, and just 19 per cent in 2015. Fast
forward 12 months and tenants' services are now looking ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Those employees lucky enough to receive salary rises during 2016 are likely to see a smaller increase than in previous years, with just 10 per cent of
respondents expecting salary increases of two per cent or more. This is a reduction of more than 40 per cent on 2015 responses to the same question.
Despite all of the cuts within the sector, it's positive to see more than half of RPs across the country expecting salary levels to increase over the next 12
months, but the sector is clearly more cautious than in previous years and this is understandable.
'Implementing new technology remains high up on the agenda for the sector with 87 per cent of RPs having taken or looking to take action in this area
(94 per cent in 2015). With the digital first agenda building momentum within the sector we expect to see further technology implemented over the next
year as RPs start to provide more services for staff and customers through mobile enabled solutions.'
Peter Lunio, Head of Social Housing Consultancy, RSM
Attracting board members with the right skills and diversity mix, and those able to commit the time required to fulfil the role effectively can be
difficult, particularly for some of the more complex and sizeable providers. Paying

The California Foundation For Commerce And Education Essay
The California Foundation for Commerce and Education (CFCE), as a think tank affiliated with California Chamber of Commerce, is seeking to
identify market–based, non–subsidized solutions to the crisis of housing affordability in California. CFCE prioritizes the coastal metropolitan region
in California to be the geographical focus of the research. Lack of housing supply is the major issue that leads to the crisis of housing affordability.
As a group, we will be researching solutions of providing greater housing supply in California. Our first step is to identify the issue and the multiple
causes that contribute to the problem. In addition to memos provide by team members that focus on components of housing supply shortage in
California generally, this memo will focus on the supply shortage in coastal metros of California, including a comprehensive view of the
consequences and causes of the issue. OVERVIEW The affordability of housing is one of the most critical factors that determine the well being for
Californians. Housing affects people's lives in terms of education, recreation and choices for jobs. On the state level, the cost of housing has important
impact on California economy, affecting the extent to which employers are able to hire and retain workers and influencing their preferences on
whether to work and remain in California. The cost of housing is high in California. Home prices are much higher than they are in other densely
populated states. By 2015, the

Effect of Rapid Urbanization on Housing
THE IMPACT OF RAPID URBANIZATION ON HOUSING DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA FROM 1950–2010 (Focus on urban developments and
housing problems case study: Lagos)
Urbanization according to Aluko O.E is rather subjective and can be given various interpretations. However in this concept it can be defined as the
expansion of the number of people living in an urban area that depicts the rate at which people move from rural areas and populate the urban areas.
Reports however, from the united nation show that the population at the urban centres has multiplied four times its initial growth since 1960 and
would have risen to a projected number of about 5 billion in the year 2030. Report also has it that over 70 per cent of these populations would settle in
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the twinkle of an eye, Lagos became the centre of trade and commerce bringing migrants from every nook and cranny. As the population increased
so did the spatial expansion which posed a great deal of problems especially housing development. (kehinde George, 2002).
Population explosion in lagos became noticeable after 1950 amongst other reason, it was the national capital and in '67 became a state on its own
attracting funds from both the federal and state government there by introducing more migrants. However, Over 90 per cent of the typical housing
standard is being provided by the private sector and individual efforts bringing about a gap between its demand and supply finding expression in the
cost of rented values that eventually leads to overcrowding, growth of slums and rise in the number of substandard housing (Owoade,Abiodun '97).Two
major factors that accounted for the rapid growth in lagos can tied to net migration and natural increase
According to the old United Nations university website, prior to 1928, planned residential areas in Lagos were limited. They included Ikoyi, which
was a reservation area for expatriates who were colonial administrators and executives of foreign firms, and had a population of 4,000, or 3 per cent of
the population of the city in 1931. Apapa, Ebute Meta, and Yaba, with a combined population of 22,000, or 17 per cent of the total, also had some
element of planning, in the sense that road networks in Ebute Meta and Yaba

Youth Homelessness In Organizations Case Study
The ethical fiber continues with Reyes' collaborative effort with Kelly Cole from Community Alliance Homes to found Youth Housing Membership
board that meets monthly. It's member are comprised of all the different organizations that deal with youth homelessness in Memphis. This is so that
these conversations across organizations can continue to happen so everyone involved know what others are doing. This reduces redundancy and
makes the entire system more effective for the people they are trying to serve. Included on this board is also a youth advisory position reserved for
someone 18–25 who has experienced homelessness, so that they can receive real advice and feedback from someone who has the perspective of the
people they are trying to

Example Of Justifying A Value
1.)The first example of justifying a value is when getting my car detailed. I am looking at market value, fair value and the utility factor for the
services. This service satisfies the need and desire for a clean car to take clients out with, after it was dirtied by a tough winter. I compared prices
for similar car detailing services, and asked around for referrals from several people. Of the two companies, one was recommended strongly. I saw
examples of each work and agreed with the highly recommended company. In my opinion, the cost at the time was fair value and, compared to other
detailers, was market value. The prices were advertised for a year without any price increase. The second example of justifying a value is when
purchasing products from Starbucks Coffee. There is a slight influence upon me through the desire of my teenage daughter wanting to visit the
coffee shop. With my effective purchasing power, and both our desire of a drink/coffee/treat once and a while, we will go to Starbucks. It is true
that Starbucks is a Going Concern, and their prices are fair value compared to Timothies and Tim Hortons. I have joined their rewards program, which
enables me to occasionally receive free or discounted drinks, as well as free refills. Starbucks, with the loyalty program, is an investment value to me.
2) In the City of Mississauga, lane use control in the area of Clarkson and Lorne Park have stemmed from Mississauga's master plan. Zoning through
the use

Howard Husock 's ' Turning Food Deserts Into Oases ' Why...
Howard Husock's report "Turning Food Deserts into Oases – Why New York's Public Housing Should Encourage Commercial Development" was
published by the Manhattan Institute and selected for this reaction paper. The report tells us about the incentives offered in New York City (NYC) to
provide access to fresh food for an affordable price in low–income neighborhoods. Husock also discusses the shortage of supermarkets in NYC, New
York City Housing Authority's (NYCHA's) historical anti–commercial bias, NYCHA's food deserts, changing NYCHA food deserts into oases, and
the commercial rent revenue NYCHA could make from commercial development on NYCHA property.
According to the report, tax, financial, and zoning incentives have been offered to attract supermarkets to low–income areas since 2009 via a program
called FRESH – Food Retail Expansion to Support Health. The FRESH program was established after a 2008 report "Going to Market: New York
City's Neighborhood Grocery Store and Supermarket Shortage" confirmed that there was a shortage of supermarkets in NYC mostly because there is
no space available to build and low–income neighborhoods, where many NYCHA properties are, is where supermarkets are needed the most. Also,
zoning prohibit stores larger than 10,000 feet from being built without special permits and public review. For perspective, the definition of a
supermarket shortage is helpful and is when there is less than 3 square feet of supermarket floor space per capita.
The

Gentrification In The 21st Century
The policy problem of the rezoning of Inwood is that many of the existing inhabitants would be dislocated if new buildings are built. Not only would
these high–density buildings bring in more people to the neighborhood, but these people would mostly be middle–class citizens, which would cause
gentrification and negatively affect low–income people that lived in Inwood for years. With the new middle–class population will come middle class
businesses. These will replace the local businesses that have existed and catered to the community for years. This is not simply speculation. In places
like Brooklyn, the neighborhoods of Crown Heights, Bed–Stuy, and East New York have faced gentrification in recent years due to development in
these areas that... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They, along with the real estate developers, are obstacles to getting my suggestions done because they are deeply invested in capitalism and making
money. This is despite the fact that the lives of many will be affected. Instead of opting to build affordable housing in needy areas, they use rezoning
as an excuse to build affordable housing for the middle class while adding a small percentage of affordable housing for low–income people. The
Politico article "Local officials urge de Blasio to retool proposal for rezoning Inwood" also states, "The mayor's housing team believes affordable
housing is best created by leveraging market–rate developments – a year–old policy demands builders set aside units for low– to moderate–income
tenants whenever they receive a city rezoning. Entirely affordable projects, by comparison, cost the city far more money in cash subsidies." Although
more affordable housing is being created from rezoning, it is not enough to address the needs of many low–income residents or homeless in the city.
Overall, until the Mayor, the City Planning Commission, and the City Council sees that additional affordable housing for low–income people should
not come at the expense of gentrification, there will not be a change in the pattern of rezoning in low–income communities throughout the

Hdb Flats Advantages And Disadvantages
It is no secret that HDB housing is a popular choice in Singapore, making up 80 percent of all housing with 80 percent of those residents owning
their own homes, according to the Housing and Development Board's website. Property websites such as Property Guru list thousands of HDB
flats available for both sale and rent throughout Singapore. Clearly there is a lot of choice and availability for HDB flats. But it is also clear that
before making a decision on a flat, you should consider all of the benefits and risks together. The HDB system is set up with the intent of eliminating
as many of these risks as possible, but these are still some to keep in mind when looking at HDB flats:
1.Property Agents
One of the reasons HDB flats are such an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Minimum Occupation Period
One measure of the HDB is the minimum occupation period (MOP), which currently states that residents must remain in HDB flats for a minimum of
five years. While this does guarantee long term housing for those who need it and make it easier to set up a permanent home, it is less convenient for
people who must travel frequently for their work, whose job or finances are unstable, or are only looking for a temporary home (e.g. university
students). It is impossible to predict what will happen in the future so if your long term plans aren't fixed, you don't want to be tied down to a
mortgage, or you want more flexibility to move if your home isn't right for you, then it might be best not to consider a HDB flat.
4.Restrictions for Foreigners
Immigrants moving to Singapore are eligible to rent HDB flats for cheap rates, but there are more restrictions put upon them to do so. According to
Expat Singapore, foreign residents must meet the following criteria to gain a HDB house through the scheme:
Be a working professional or at least have high labour skills, a degree, or be in education.
Not have been working in Singapore for more than two years.
Not own any other

Architecture Of Segregation Essay
In the opinion editorial, "The Architecture of Segregation" written by the Editorial Board of The New Times, the claims made about the segregation
and "Economic isolation" of the poor is debatable. This editorial written on September 5, 2015 uses research conducted by Paul Jargowsky, a professor
of public policy at Rutgers University–Camden in order to prove the claim that there is an architecture of segregation in America. A full transcript of
this editorial is found at the following link http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/06/opinion/sunday/the–architecture–of–segregation.html?_r=0. The
Editorial Board states that even after the passage of the Fair Housing Act of 1968 and the creation of the Department of Housing and Urban
Development, housing... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The reason this comment stands apart from others is the commentator's claim to have resided in Ferguson, Missouri. This city is mentioned by
name in "The Architecture of Segregation" article as being one of the cities most affected by segregation. Shstl's comment in stark comparison to
Gates' is a profoundly emotional appeal to readers. Shstl offers evidence to oppose the Editorial Board and the research conducted by Professor
Jargowsky, claiming that Ferguson is not an isolated "...island from which no black people can escape...." These racially charged words assist in
setting the tone in shstl's comment, which appears to be sincere and true. Shstl goes on to explain the challenges that come as a result of residing near
"Section 8" or low–income housing. It is at this point that shstl's argument becomes emotionally charged. The argument cites personal experience as a
method to persuade readers that low– incoming housing quickly becomes run down and crime ridden. In conclusion, the argument that shstl put forth,
although emotional, is well constructed and makes a clear statement of where shstl stands on the issue of isolating communities that are perceived to
put other citizens at

Construction Of A New 300m2 House
Question 1 (1000 words + forms)
In your locality:
1. Outline the process you would take when seeking approval for the construction of a new 300m2 house (Class 1) and 22m2 shed (Class 10). Include
a blank copy of any stationery required to complete your objective as an appendix to your response.
2. Identify and discuss the roles of the key bodies (local government, state government, appointed private bodies etc) that are included in the above
approval process and identify their roles and responsibilities.
Introduction – Part 1
There are three types of approval relating to residential, industrial or commercial development in NSW, the criteria for each is based on the degree of
the works proposed. The three types of approval are:
–Exempt Development which is only available for minor developments such as a deck, the benefit of this is no approval is required providing the
construction meets a variety of standards defined by legislation.
–Complying Development is for small scale developments like new houses or installation of ventilation into a building, the advantage to this type of
approval is that a Complying Development Certificate (CDC) can be issued by local council or private certifying company.
–Development Application is required for the majority of developments, from houses exceeding the maximum height for complying development
approval to apartment blocks and industrial buildings. Development application also known as Development Consent is granted by local

Problem Of Gentrification
Gentrification is a problem that is plaguing cities all over the United States. Within the past decade, there has been an influx of people moving to
Washington D.C., causing gentrification to become a prominent issue in the nation's capital. People who have lived in certain parts of the city for
generations are now being pushed out because of "escalating rents and real estate taxes associated with rising property values" (Duggan). And while it
may be a positive thing that some areas of the city are experiencing revitalization, it's a problem that the people who have been there are unable to
experience it. Furthermore, there are certain areas of the city such as Anacostia, where poverty remains prominent. Gentrification is an issue in
Washington D.C. that doesn't seem like it is going to go away any time soon. The problem of gentrification pertains primarily to class which is
undoubtedly linked to race as well. As previously stated, there has been an influx of people moving into Washington D.C. Between 2000 and 2015 the
population of Washington D.C. has increased by "about 100,000 people" who have mainly been "white professionals" (Duggan). This change in the
population can be reflected in how drastically the average household income has changed within the District of Columbia within the last fifteen years.
In 1999, the average household income in D.C. was $64,401 (United States Census Bureau) and in 2014 it was $104,615 (United States Census
Bureau), a difference of

The Federation Employment And Guidance Service
FEGS: Failure of a Human Services Giant The Federation Employment & Guidance Service (FEGS) filed for bankruptcy in March of 2015. It was
New York City's largest social service agency, employing nearly 3,500 staff along with more than 2,000 volunteers and interns. FEGS had over 350
locations throughout the metropolitan NYC area and–as of 2014–an operating budget of over 250 million dollars. Before FEGS closed they were
headquartered at 315 Hudson Street, New York City, NY. The primary board members before the failure were Allen Alter, president, Stuart Oltchick,
chairman of the board, and Joseph Stein, Jr., chair of the executive committee. The principalmanagement personnel were Gail A. Magaliff CEO and
Ira Machowsky, who was the executive vice president. Both Magaliff and Machowsky were long time upper managers of FEGS and assumed their
positions as CEO and EVP in 2007. These five individuals could be considered the chief actors in FEGS governance and, certainly, played essential
roles in decisions that led to the demise of the organization. All of them had been working for FEGS as senior board members and management since
the 1980s.
In 1934, Jack Nadel, a prominent social services organizer of the time, founded what would become The Federation Employment & Guidance Service
that's mission was to help displaced Jewish workers during the great depression. According to Oltchick (2010.), FEGS began with a small loan with
only six members on its staff and, over the next

Director Of Public Relations And Communications
Director of Public Relations and Communications Located in the Housing Helpers' corporate offices in Houston, Texas, the Director of Public
Relations and Communication reports to the Chief Executive Officer, and serves as a key member of the organization's leadership team. The primary
purpose of this role is to serve as the chief ambassador of the organization, while also overseeing all communication streams to ensure a cohesive
message and image. The incumbent will support the development and sustainability of the community, religious, business, and media relationships
through the development of a strategic communications and public relations program. At the same time this role will cultivate government and support
agency relationships as Housing Keepers seeks to lobby for home improvement loans are reduced interest rates and funding for community renewal
initiatives. Key responsibilities for this role include, managing two members of the communications staff, including a Web and Social Media Manager,
and Public Relations assistant. The role will ensure that the Housing Keepers vision and message is communicated through electronic and print media,
including, Facebook, LinkedIn, Housing Keepers Website, Twitter, and monthly electronic communication to supports and its quarterly magazine.
"When a nonprofit has a positive public image, people are more willing to donate their time" (Ashe–Edmunds, n.d., para.2). The Director of Public
Relations and Communications supports

The Singapore Housing Development Board
Although the Singapore Housing Development Board (HDB) is a strong and vast organization within a long–standing history of public service, an
examination of the HDB reveals three key elements or challenges of the current situation, which without alteration – will hinder or prevent the change
and growth of HDB (Jick, & Peiperl, 2011). The first challenge to change is the balancing of heavy workloads of employees with change. This issue
of 'balancing' must be addressed, since forcing employees balance the strain of large workloads and change strategies can result in the stretching of
resources and the destruction of employees from both their routine work and the change agent's goals (2011). Second, the full integration of a new and
improved customer service mindset is not fully completed and harmonized into the organization's culture (2011). Change within this area is necessary
since the lack of customer service integration and support for the new mindset – by managers – has caused an attitude of blaming amongst management
and employees, and increased inter–department tensions. Finally, passive and mechanistic response of the staff must be addressed (2011). The passive
response of staff must be addressed as these characteristics can delay or holt the growth and development of the change process (Bell, & Barkhuizen,
2011). Diagnosis of current situation: The current situation of HDB and the EAPD is in need of new change plan. Within the current organizational
climate,

Hdb Case Study Essay
HDB, the public housing authority of Singapore, was established in 1960. The authority had grown rapidly in size and responsibilities–from initially
meeting the basic shelter needs of 6% of the population to, in 2007, providing quality homes for 81% of a 3.7 million population. Due to land scarcity,
its high–rise, high density living provided an effective solution to meeting housing needs for Singapore. HDB had a comprehensive building program,
under which 984,000 apartments had been completed as of March 2007. In addition to building new apartments, HDB was also involved in the
marketing, sales, pricing, after–sale service and lease administration of its apartments (Jick & Peiperl, 2011, p. 430). The Estate Administration and
Property Department(EAPD) was one of the core departments in HDB, responsible for the building program, housing policies, the redevelopment
program, sales, pricing, marketing, and mortgage financing for apartment purchases. Its 700–member staff was divided into six sections, each tasked
with backroom and frontline work or both (Jick & Peiperl, p. 432). Many change issues confronted HDB. Externally, the society had become more
open and diverse. The profile of customers served was more vocal and prosperous, necessitating the agency to engage its customers more often in its
various programs and policies. Customers also expected to pay less and get more. This was a challenge to HDB in the wake of rising construction
costs caused by building material

Singapore's Public Housing Policy and Its Success

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