1.
C. Riedinger ­ An easy way to learn musclesMuscles of the arm layer / name meaning body part origin insertion nerve supply blood supply function location long head: supraglenoid via common tendon into tubercle of scapula the bicipical tuberosity supinator of forearm (through sleeve of of radius. Medial side: when elbow is flexed, synovial tissue in anterior, via bicipital flexes elbow in fully biceps brachii biceps of the arm arm intertubercular /bicipital musculocutaneous brachial artery superficial aponeurosis into deep supinated position. groove of humerus, fascia of medial forearm Shoulder: stabilises and short head: coracoid and subcutaneous minor flexion process, joins long head border of ulna midway down arm distal half of anterior anterior, via strong tendon into humeral shaft and radial recurrent brachialis muscle of the arm arm intermediat coronoid process of musculocutaneous flexor of elbow medial intermuscular artery e ulna septum adducts shoulder (to tip of coracoid process muscle of the arm anterior, medial aspect mid­shaft hold things under arm), coracobrachialis arm of scapula (with short musculocutaneous brachial artery and coracoid process deep of humerus weak flexor of shoulder head of biceps) joint long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula, posterior, muscle of arm with lateral and medial head: tendon to olecranon deep brachial triceps brachii arm single radial nerve extends elbow three heads posterior surface of process of ulna artery muscle humerus, medial head in lateral groove posterior aspect of muscle attached to forearm / posterior, assists extension of anconeous lateral epicondyle of lateral side of olecranon radial nerve elbow arm superficial elbow humerusAnterior Posterior long head short head lateral head long head coracobrachialis biceps brachii triceps brachii medial head brachialis anconeus(musculocutaneous nerve) (radial nerve)

2.
C. Riedinger ­ An easy way to learn muscles Muscles of the forearm (anterior side) layer / name meaning body part origin insertion nerve supply blood supply function location maximum convexity of CFO and distal part of radius at midpoint of the supradcondylar lateral aspect of bone anterior, ridge of humerus, deep: ulnar and radial pronates the forearm, pronator teres cylindrical pronator forearm (I.e. halfway along median nerve superficial medial aspect of artery (also flexes elbow) forearm, mid­shaft, coronoid process of roughening of lateral ulna surface) with FCU to flex wrist, flexor of carpal anterior, bases of the 2nd and with radial extensors to flexor carpi radialis forearm CFO median nerve ulnar artery bones on radial side superficial 3rd metacarpals abduct the wrist, stabilises wrist palmar aponeurosis, anterior, superficial tendon tenses palmar fascia palmaris longus long palmar muscle forearm CFO median nerve ulnar artery superficial adherent to flexor and flexes the wrist retinaculum pisiform (=sesamoid bone in its tendon!) with extension to hook of CFO and medial margin hamate (pisohamate flexor of carpal anterior, adducts and flexes the flexor carpi ulnaris forearm of olecranon process of ligament) and base of ulnar nerve ulnar artery bones on ulnar side superficial wrist ulna 5th metacarpal (pisometacarpal ligament), and aspect of flexor retinaculum 4 tendons through carpal humeral head: ant aspect tunnel for fingers 2­5. of medial epicondyle of Tendon inserts at base of strong flexor of wrist anterior, humerus via CFO, middle phalanx. flexor digitorum superficial flexor of and fingers (not distal forearm intermediat ulnar head: coronoid Decussation on lateral median nerve ulnar artery superficialis fingers interphalangeal joint), e process of ulna, also: and medial aspects of weak flexor of elbow extended origin from proximal phalanges for radius FDP tendons to pass through Superficial and intermediate layer LAT MED pronator teres head of ulna: olecranon trochlear notch coracoid process of ulna brachioradials flexor digitorum superficials (FDS) (see post. forearm, radial nerve) ulnar head flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)flexor carpi radialis (FCR) (palmaris longus not drawn) (all median nerve but FCU which is ulnar nerve)

3.
C. Riedinger ­ An easy way to learn muscles Muscles of the forearm (anterior side ­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eep layer LAT MED flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)flexor pollicis longus pronator quadratus (all median nerve but FDP, which is 1/2 ulnar nerve)

4.
C. Riedinger ­ An easy way to learn muscles Muscles of the forearm (posterior side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uperficial layer brachioradialis (radial nerve) MED LAT MED LAT (all me) Extensor digitorum communis (EDC)extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRl) Extensor digitiextensor carpi radialis Extensor carpi minimi (EDM) brevis (ECRb) ulnaris (ECU) (All post. interosseous branch of radial nerve, except brachioradialis which is radial nerve proper.)

5.
C. Riedinger ­ An easy way to learn muscles Muscles of the forearm (posterior side ­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eep layer MED LAT (all me) supinator abductor pollicis longusextensor pollicis longus extensor indicis extensor pollicis brevis (All post. interosseous branch of radial nerve)

6.
C. Riedinger ­ An easy way to learn musclesMuscles of the hand (palmar/anterior side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dorsal expansion: EDC (all me) FDP tendon lumbricals (ulnar one nearly always multipennate, others unipennate, depends on which nerve supplies them! dorsal interossei (DAB = abduct, bipennate) palmar interossei (PAD=adduct, unipennate)

7.
C. Riedinger ­ An easy way to learn muscles Muscles of the hand (palmar/anterior side, eminences) layer / name meaning body part origin insertion nerve supply blood supply function location transverse: anterior body of 3rd metacarpal, thenar medial side of the base oblique: bases of 2nd ulnar nerve (deep adductor pollicis adductor of thumb hand eminence, of the proximal phalanx depp palmar arch adducts thumb and 3rd metacarpals motor branch) deep of thumb and adjacent trapezoid and capitate bones thenar transverse carpal radial base of proximal abductor pollicis superficial palmar abductor of thumb hand eminence, ligament, scaphoid and phalanx of thumb and median nerve abducts thumb brevis arch lateral trapezium thumb extensors thenar trapezoid, flexor thumb, proximal superficial palmar flexor pollicis brevis short thumb flexor hand eminence, median nerve flexes thumb retinaculum phalanx arch medial thenar trapezium and opposing muscle of metacarpal bone of superficial palmar moves thumb against opponens pollicis hand eminence, transverse carpal median nerve thumb thumb on its radial side arch little finger deep ligament hypo­ abductor of little thenar base of proximal ulnar nerve (deep abductor digiti minimi hand pisiform ulnar artery abducts little finger finger eminence, phalanx of little finger motor branch) superficial hypo­ ulnar side of base of flexor digiti minimi ulnar nerve (deep flexor of little finger hand thenar hamate bone proximal phalanx of ulnar artery flexes little finger (brevis) motor branch) eminence little finger opposing muscle of hypothenar hook of hamate and medial border of 5th ulnar nerve (deep moves little finger opponens digiti minimi little finger (places hand ulnar artery eminence flexor retinaculum metacarpal motor branch) against thumb against sth else) Thenar eminence Hypothenar eminence: (all me)(whole muscles visible on hand:) Opponens pollicis Opponens digiti minimi Abductor pollicis brevis (always median) Abductor digiti minimi Flexor pollicis brevis Flexor digiti minimi brevis Adductor pollicis (does not need adductor since it has interossei)