This document discusses capsule endoscopy, a medical procedure where a patient swallows a small capsule containing a camera to take pictures of the gastrointestinal tract. The capsule is about 25mm long and 10mm wide, containing an optical dome, vision module, battery, communication module, and CPU. It takes over 5000 pictures as it passes naturally through the digestive system. The pictures are transmitted wirelessly to an external data recorder and computer. Capsule endoscopy allows examination of the small intestine with fewer risks than traditional endoscopy. Some advantages include being noninvasive, painless, and allowing early diagnosis without surgery. Risks are low but include possible capsule retention or aspiration.

1. CAPSULE
ENDOSCOPY
BY
SATHISHKUMAR G
(SATHISHSAK111@GMAIL.COM)

2. INTRODUCTION
• Capsule Endoscopy is a latest way to record
the images of GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
(GIT) for use in Medicine.
• It can be done by Direct Swallowing of the
Device through mouth.
• The capsule is the size and shape of a pill and
contains a tiny camera.
• After a patient swallows a capsule it takes
pictures inside of the GIT.
• It is used to examine the areas of small
intestine that cannot be seen by other types of
endoscopy.

3. STURUCTURE OF CAPSULE
• The device used in Capsule Endoscopy is
25mm long
• The outer shell is made up of biocompatible
material
• As it is very small in length it can be swallowed
vertically
• Its diameter is about 10mm very much less than
the length of it
• It helps us to swallow easily and it can easily
travel through our oesophagus easily because
of its structure
• It looks like a small tube

4. COMPONENTS OF CAPSULE
• Optical dome – used to focus the internal
parts of the body in dark
• Vision module - A CCD image sensor is
used in the capsule. This results in
superior image quality.
• Battery - silver oxide battery gives the
5hrs continuous power supply for the
device
• Communication module - used to receive
and transmit signals from the external
devices
• Sensor module – Sensors convert
physical properties such as light,
pressure, or temperature into electrical
signals.
• CPU Module – digitizes the signal
provided by sensor and vision module

5. STEPS INVOLVED IN CAPSULE
ENDOSCOPY
• At first the capsule is swallowed with a
glass of water.
• The antenna and recorder is connected
to the patients body (The recorder
records the video and it is received by the
computer).
• After connecting the necessary things the
patient can do his/her day to day
activities without any exception.
• The setup is removed after 8 hours.

6. CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY PROCEDURE
• Fasting is necessary prior to swallowing capsule
• Capsule glides smoothly through git
• Wireless recorder worn on a belt around waist receives signals transmitted by capsule
through sensors
• The capsule is naturally excreted within 24 – 48 hours

7. ADVANTAGES OF CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY
• Painless
• No Sedation
• Provides 3D colour images for small intestine without surgery
• Allows doctors to make early, accurate diagnosis of problems so they can recommend
most appropriate treatment
• Very few complications

8. RISKS OF CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY
• Capsule retention, when the capsule stays in the GIT for more than 2 weeks
• Capsule aspiration, a rare but serious complication that involves the capsule
going down the wrong pipe and into the airways instead of the oesophagus
• Skin irritation, a low risk that results in mild redness and is treated topically.

9. ADVANTAGES OF CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY OVER ENDOSCOPY
AND COLONOSCOPY
• In Endoscopy and Colonoscopy there is lots of wires we use and it has a long tube to be
inserted to the patients body
• But in Capsule endoscopy there is no need of the wires and tubes
• Patient may feel irritated on the insertion of the Endoscope and Colonoscopies through
mouth and rectum
• But in Capsule Endoscopy there is no irritation because of its structure
• There is certain precautions to be taken while Endoscopy and Colonoscopy like don’t
take solid food before the treatment
• There is no perceptions for Capsule Endoscopy rather than Fastening

10. PICTURE GALLERY

11. CONCLUSION
The given endoscopy capsule is pioneering concept for medical technology of the 21st
century.
The endoscopy system is the first of its kind to be able to provide non invasive
imaging of the entire small intestine.
It has revolutionized the field of diagnostic imaging to a great extent and has proved to
be of great help to the physicians all over the world.

12. THANK YOU