The Prophet Habakkuk

The Prophet Habakkuk
"The Prophet Habakkuk"
Ruby A. Jones
Bethel University
Old Testament
REL 111
Sherry Henson
March 25, 2013
"Historical background for The Prophet Habakkuk" Habakkuk's name means "Embrace" and he was
the eighth Prophet of the Minor Prophets. He was Prophet to the Southern Kingdom (Judah) who
wrote his book around 600 B.C. Some may call Habakkuk the questioning Prophet because he
questioned God's wisdom. Habakkuk was confused, but unique because he questioned God's
wisdom without being punished. God did not mind Habakkuk's concerns and was gracious enough
to answer him. Habakkuk saw many sins that Israel and other nations were committing and was
greatly concerned. Therefore he complained to God. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When I read the scripture it gave me hope that God had not given up on me, but be patient and trust
Him.
References
Richards, Larry, Gen. Ed. (2004). The Discovery Study Bible. Grand Rapids, MI.:
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Most Crucial Time For South Kingdom
This is the most crucial time for South Kingdom. Previous important events and kings must be
highlighted in leading up to 2 Kings 19:15–19. 2 Kings 18:1 begins that Hezekiah becomes King
over Judah when Hoshea, the King of Israel over Israel for three years. Hezekiah is the son of Ahaz,
the previous King of Judah who was the eleventh King of Judah. (2 Kgs 16:1) He reigns from 735 to
715 B.C. Hezekiah reigns Judah for twenty nine years in Jerusalem. (2 Kgs 18:2) He reigns from
715–681 B.C. Hoshea, the King of Israel is the last king of Israel. He reigns from 732–722 B.C. And
in the seventh year of his Hoshea's reign, King of Assyria comes and lays a siege on Samaria and
three years later, which is in the ninth year of Hoshea, Israel is ... Show more content on
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Yahweh is no longer able to protect them because they have broken their covenant with the living
God. According to one dictionary Suzerain and Vassal relationship is described as "A form of
international relationship where one nation (a vassal) pays tribute to and pledges allegiance to
another nation (the suzerain)." This kind of Suzerain–vassal treat is very common in the ANE. "The
framework of the Sinai covenant has significant affinities with suzerain–vassal treaties from the
ancient Near East, specifically, the Hittite treaties of the fourteenth and thirteenth centuries BCE and
the Assyrian treaties of the seventh and sixth centuries BCE. Due to breaking the Suzerain–Vassal
relationship by Hezekiah, Sennacherib sends a campaign against Judah. Lawson and Younger
mentions that "The cuneiform text summarizes the campaign of Sennacherib in 701 BCE,
undertaken to quell the revolt of vassal states in the West which had broken out upon the death of
Sargon four years earlier." Breaking the treaty is a serious offense to the suzerain and consider as a
"revolt" and brought consequences upon the vassal. Not only that, the vassals faced curses against
them for breaking the treaty or covenant. And Hezekiah, the King of Judah relies on Egypt for help
and while under suzerain–vassal relationship. (2 Kgs 18:20) Kitchen mentions "Sennacherib held a
dunbar or rally of loyal vassals, who dutifully brought or sent their tribute,

1 King David Research Paper
The reign of David brought political stability and spiritual renewal to the nation of Israel. The good
work of David did not last beyond the next generation. Solomon succeeded David and expanded the
territories of Israel. Unfortunately, Solomon's expansionary policy was done with spiritual
compromises. Consequently, evil and apostasy started to creep into Israel during Solomon's reign to
eventually break up the kingdom after his death. Israel moved from a period of tranquillity under the
reign of Solomon to a period of turmoil when the kingdom was divided after his death.
A. HISTORICAL SETTING OF 1 KINGS
In order to appreciate the biblical account in 1 Kings, it is necessary to look at the political situation
within and outside Israel during the period of the monarchy. The monarchy under David and
Solomon was united but after the death of Solomon the monarchy was divided, with ten tribes in the
north and two tribes in the south.
1. Internal Political Situation during the Monarchy
The period in the Book of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Egypt did not pose much of a threat for Solomon because Solomon married the daughter of Pharaoh
(1 King 3:1). However, during the reign of Rehoboam, King Shishak of Egypt invaded Israel and
stripped the temple of its gold (1 Kings 14:25–27). In the end, Rehoboam had to promise Shishak a
huge tribute before Egypt agreed to withdraw (Bright 1981:233). The other threat came from Aram
(sometimes referred to as Syria). Asa of Judah tried to enter into an alliance with Ben–Hadad king of
Aram but had to pay a high costs for it (1 Kings 15:18–19). Later Omri of Israel tried to ward off the
Aramean threat by marrying his son Ahab to the Phoenician princess Jezebel, hoping that the Israel–
Phoenicia alliance would be strong enough to counter the Arameans (1 Kings 16:31) (House
1995:45). In the end, this arrangement brought even greater harm to the

The Kingdoms Of Judah And Israel
The Kingdoms of Judah and Israel from ca. 922 to 586 BCE have a significant impact not only on
the Jewish tradition, but also on the history of Ancient Israel and its development, therefore it is
important to discuss their political structure and influence. To discuss the political structure and
developments of this period modern scholars refer to as the divided monarchy in Ancient Israel,
there must first be a discussion of the political and religious factors that bring about the unification
and later division of the tribes of Israel. In the Hebrew Bible, various tribes are depicted as
encompassing the land of Canaan prior to a time modern scholars refer to as the united monarchy,
which refers to the rule of King Saul, David and Solomon. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The inability of the three great powers of the time, Egypt, Assyria and Babylon, to exert influence
over lesser entities such as the philistines greatly contributed to their rise in power. The culmination
of these events lead to a desire and almost obligation of political unification under a monarch for the
tribes of Israel because their internal weakness threatened their very existence. Nevertheless,
contrary to the depiction in the Hebrew Bible, the tribes appear to maintain a significant amount of
autonomy during the monarchy, which leads to the demise of the small unified monarchy and the
development of two split kingdoms, Israel and Judah, that is found in I Kings 12. This is a result of
increased demands and pressure from King Solomon that would have escalated if his son Rehoboam
came to power over the lands of Israel. However, many scholars such as Beth Alpert Nakhai, attest
that hints of disunity between Judah and other tribes were present through rebellions in David and
Solomon's reigns. Therefore, leaders of the various tribes elected to anoint a new king over their
lands that would politically unite them enough to protect them from outside threats, while still
maintaining their relative autonomy over their own tribes, making the kingdom of Israel a dispersed
state with various religious and political centers. On the other hand, the kingdom of Judah
maintained not only unity

Southern Kingdom Causes
INTRODUCTION
The Southern Kingdom is said to have been exiled by the Babylonians. In this essay one would seek
to focus on tracing the causes that led to the exile of the Southern kingdom. But before I begin, I
would explain, first– how the divided kingdom came about? Second– what the Southern Kingdom
here means? Third– what an exile is and what led to the causes of the exile of southern kingdom?
And finally– the Conclusion.
First, the Divided Kingdom. From studies, the Old Testament and other sources have it that not long
after the reign of Saul, David, and Solomon the Kingdom of Israel was divided into two kingdoms.
Despite warnings from many prophets, both kingdoms repeatedly turn from God. The Divided
Kingdom, of the South and North, period follows the continuing story of Scripture in the books of 1
Kings (chapters 11–22) and 2 Kings. And this period is recounted in three acts: the division of the
kingdom, the resulting northern kingdom (which takes "Israel"), and the resulting southern kingdom
(which takes the name "Judah."). Assyria and Babylon force the divided kingdoms into exile.
Jerusalem and the Temple are destroyed.
Second, the Southern Kingdom. The Southern Kingdom (Judah) is one of the divided kingdom after
the reign of King Solomon's United Kingdom ruled by king Rehoboam. According to J. T.
Stevenson (2000), the Southern Kingdom begins with the promise of kingship from the line of
Judah, which had a long tradition, going back all the way to the prophecy of

The People Of Judah Were Faced With Many Difficult Decisions
The people of Judah were faced with many difficult decisions as the Babylonians gathered outside
the gates of Jerusalem. Their existence had been threatened before by the Assyrians and God had
saved them before. But this time seemed different. The city of Jerusalem is corrupt and dirty and the
people of Judah are unfaithful and misguided. The help of God which destroyed the much larger
Assyrian army will not be so forthcoming this time. As the people search for a solution, they are
presented with various opinions and predictions from different people. There are prophets, priests,
and kings who all claim to know the truth and claim to be the help that the people of Judah so desire.
The Judahites need to navigate all of these predictions and all of the forecasts. They can let history
be their guide, they can participate in critical arguments, and they can consider each point carefully.
But in the end each Judahite must decide where their allegiance will lie and if it will help keep them
alive. In the game, there were resolutions proposed to determine who to listen to and which story
was most agreeable. Each voting member of the Judahite community was faced with a few basic
questions. Were the prophets really sending a truthful message of God, or are they doomsayers
looking for attention? Were the priests examples of piety and righteous life, or do they take
advantage of their position for material gain? Was the king all powerful and inviolable as a
descendent of David, or

Achievements Of The Israelite Civilization
The Israelite civilization dates back to between 1300 and 1200 BCE when they settled in Canaan
from Mesopotamia. This was considered their homeland. The Israelites developed from the
Cannanites, since their civilizations began together along with the Jebusites. They faced a lot of
struggles, but after migrating to Egypt, and being separated into two kingdoms, they kept the faith
that they would someday return to their homeland. The greatest achievements of the Israelites was
their architecture, monotheistic religion, Ten Commandments, and their military. However, they
were not enough to save the civilization. They fell due to the decline in leadership within the
civilization, and attacks and conquest from the Assyrians and Babylonians.
Overview
Just like any other civilization, the Israelites had multiple social classes. At the foundation of the
civilization was the working class. This was made up of the farmers and artisans who labored all day
and produced the items that were often traded throughout the kingdom. The next tier was the
military and royal court. Anyone that served in the military was well respected by people of all
classes. The royal court consisted of any government officials, scribes, and the king's royal
cupbearer. Scribes were the secretaries and typically involved in judicial and financial affairs. The
royal cupbearer was tasked with filling the king's goblet with wine and serving it to him. Second to
the top of the social classes were the priests. Similar to Ancient Egypt with the gods, priests were
believed to have direct contact with the god the Israelites worshiped: Yahweh. Because of this
connection, priests were considered to be very sacred to the Israelites. At the top of the social
pyramid was the king. The king of the Israelites ruled over the kingdom, defended it, but also "rules
on behalf of Yahweh, the Israelite god" . The daily life of an Israelite was hard to determine, as
archaeologists can only base this on archaeological surveys or excavations, since no one in this
civilization wrote anything down or kept records. These surveys told archaeologists other useful
information, such as, says "Daily Life In Ancient Israel", "including the arrangement and size of
tribal

The 's Petitions Of Yahweh, The Enthroned King Of The Cosmos
"So when they had come together, they asked him, 'Lord, will you at this time restore the kingdom
to Israel?'" (Acts 1:6) . The disciples, knowing the instruction of Jesus to pray 'Your Kingdom come'
(Matt 6:10) expected that the resurrected Christ would finally bring the reign of God to earth,
restoring the kingdom of Israel and fulfilling prophecy. This hope was not something of fantasy or a
far–fetched thought, but something that had been the desire of Israel for centuries; the desire for
Yahweh, the defender of the weak, the oppressed and the afflicted to answer prayers of deliverance
offered by the ani which would liberate them from their oppressors and bring justice, and just rule to
a natural realm marred by the presence of injustice. Jesus' instruction to pray for the coming of the
kingdom is a petition that can be found all throughout the Psalter. This essay will outline the
psalmist's petitions of Yahweh, the enthroned King of the cosmos, to deliver and vindicate Israel,
bringing vengeance, and judgment on their enemies. It will also explore how much of modern
Christianity interprets the very same words of Jesus and show the necessity of these petitions in the
church today.
Enthroned in Heaven
The entire thematic story of the Psalter is a story of the Lordship of Yahweh; that He alone is God,
and He alone deserves all praise and honor and devotion. This belief is highlighted nearly
immediately in the Psalter with Psalm 2:4–6 declaring that God is the

History in the Old Testament
AFRICA NAZARENE UNIVERSITY
TOWN CAMPUS
NAME: NJIHIA MARK
ADM NO: 12S03ABT003
DEPARTMENT: UNIVERSITY COMMON COURSES
COURSE: UCC 105 OLD TESTAMENT
LECTURER: Dr. THUO
TASK: DESCRIBE THE HISTORY IN THE OLD TESTAMENT
DUE DATE: 28th January, 2013
Introduction
The Old Testament was written over a wide historical period, it describes the relationship of God
and the people of Israel before the coming of Jesus. To make it easy to explain the history in the Old
Testament, I have seen it best to look at it under the following periods: 1. Primeval History
Primeval history refers to the earliest history in the Bible. Genesis chapters 1 to 11 are considered
the primeval history portion of the Bible. This is the Biblical time ... Show more content on
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The stories in the book of Judges follow a consistent pattern: the people are unfaithful to Yahweh
and he therefore delivers them into the hands of their enemies; the people repent and entreat Yahweh
for mercy, which he sends in the form of a leader or champion (a "judge"); the judge delivers the
Israelites from oppression and they prosper, but soon they fall again into unfaithfulness and the
cycle is repeated.
6. United Monarchy (1020BC–922BC)
Under extreme threat from foreign peoples, the 12 tribes of Israel united to form the first United
Kingdom of Israel. Samuel anointed Saul from the tribe of Benjamin as the first king, but it was
David who created a strong unified Israelite monarchy.
David succeeded in truly unifying the Israelite tribes, and set up a monarchical government. He
embarked on successful military campaigns against Israel 's enemies, and defeated nearby regional

entities such as the Philistines, thus creating secure borders for Israel. Under David, Israel grew into
a regional power. Under the House of David, the United Kingdom of Israel achieved prosperity and
superiority over its neighbours.
Under David 's successor, Solomon, the United

Seeking Good Council
1 Kings 12 – Rehoboam and Jeroboam
A. Rehoboam and the division of Israel.
1. (1–5) the elders of Israel offer Rehoboam the throne of Israel.
And Rehoboam went to Shechem, for all Israel had gone to Shechem to make him king. So it
happened, when Jeroboam the son of Nebat heard it (he was still in Egypt, for he had fled from the
presence of King Solomon and had been dwelling in Egypt), that they sent and called him. Then
Jeroboam and the whole assembly of Israel came and spoke to Rehoboam, saying, "Your father
made our yoke heavy; now therefore, lighten the burdensome service of your father, and his heavy
yoke which he put on us, and we will serve you." So he said to them, "Depart for three days, then
come back to me." And the people ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
And now, whereas my father put a heavy yoke on you, I will add to your yoke; my father chastised
you with whips, but I will chastise you with scourges!'"
a. But he rejected the advice which the elders had given him, and consulted the young men: Before
Rehoboam ever consulted with the younger men he rejected the advice of the elders.
i. This is a common phenomenon today – what some call "advice shopping." The idea is that you
keep asking different people for advice until you find someone who will tell you what you want to
hear. This is an unwise and ungodly way to get counsel. It is better to have a few trusted counselors
you will listen to even when they tell you what you don't want to hear.
b. And consulted the young men who had grown up with him: These men were much more likely to
tell Rehoboam what he already thought. By turning to those likely to think just as he did, it shows
that Rehoboam only asked for advice for the sake of appearances
i. Their unwise advice shows the wisdom of seeking counsel from those outside our immediate
situation and context. Sometimes an outsider can see things more clearly than those who share our
same experiences.

authors who wrote first five books of the Bible Essay
Documentary hypothesis says that there were several authors who wrote first five books of the
Bible. In my essay I will try to discuss J, P, and E – authors of Genesis, Exodus and Numbers. I must
admit that all these authors had lived after the division of the kingdom.
AUTHOR J
This author was identified as J for using word Yahweh or Jehovah for the name of God. Also there is
an interesting theory that author J was a woman. Of course, there are statements that prove it. First
of all I want pay your attention on the fact that we are speaking about patriarchal society where a
man was a head of the family and the role of a woman was to give a birth to children. But in the
Bible we can find verses and even whole chapters that tell us about ... Show more content on
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That's why Judah is the main character in all stories of J. For example: in Gen.37:26–27 he proposes
to sell Joseph, then in Gen.43:3–10 Judah persuades Israel to send Benjamin with him and
guarantees his safety. And one more interesting thing is that although Judah was only the fourth son,
in Gen.49:8 Israel says that his brothers "will praise" and "bow down" to him. So in such a way he
gets a birthright. Also Jerusalem and Ark of the Covenant (a sign to the people that God is with
them) are very important for J (2 Samuel 5,6).
I want to emphasize that political and religious systems were very close in that time: J never
mentioned Joshua in her passages because he is from Ephraim (Jeroboam is from Ephraim) and in
Num.25:1–5 J writes that men from Israel began to indulge in sexual immorality with Moabite
women and God said Moses to kill them. This is political decision because Moabites were enemies
of Israel.
Also J author has several "trademarks". First of all, God in her passages is always anthropomorphic,
it means that all action He is doing by His hands. This is shown in creation story: Gen.2:7 – "LORD
God formed the man", in Gen.2:21 – "He took one of the man's ribs" and in Gen.3:8 – "He was
walking in the garden in the cool of the day".
And now I'd like to talk about doublets. Besides creation story, we also have two flood stories (J
says that rain lasted 40 days), two stories when Abraham says that Sarah is his sister (J –

The Exodus Of The Beginning Of Israel
Exodus marks the start of Israel as a people. They were an extended family, under a dynasty of
strong pharaohs. They oppressed Israel and put them to forced labor, for fear of their number size.
Still, they multiplied faster, therefore, a decree was issued to destroy them by ordering the death of
all baby boys.
At this particular time Moses was born, from the tribe of Levi. Although trained as the son of
Pharaoh's daughter, yet, his own mother was hired to care for him due to her placing him in the
bulrushes at the edge of the Nile River to not be destroyed because of Pharaoh's order to kill all baby
boys. With his mother caring for him, he grew up knowing the plight of his people. Many years
passed approximately 80 when God appeared to Moses as a shepherd in Midian, in a burning bush
and commanded him to go return to Egypt to rescue the Israelites out of slavery.
From Egypt to Mt. Sinai
Moses was a new beginning for the Israelites. Moses was obedient to God and followed God's
pattern – Romans 15:4; 1 Corinthians 10:1–11. He was also the forerunner (foreshadow of Christ) –
2 Timothy 1:8–10. He was chosen by God to free Israel from Egypt – Exodus 6:1–13. This was also
the fourth generation since Jacob – Exodus 16–26.
The stage was set for Pharaoh to witness God's awesome power through Moses – Exodus 7–9.
Pharaoh stubbornly refused to let God's people go due to God's hardening of his heart. However,
God miraculously delivered His people from the hands of the most powerful

Micah, A Settings: Prophet Research Form Of Isaiah
Prophet Research Form: Micah A. Settings
1. Political Situation – Micah prophesies during three kings of Judah; Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah.,
circa 740 BCE. Isaiah also prophesied in Judah during this period. Micah did not belong to the
Jerusalem elite and as an oracle of YHWH he spoke of Israel's religious sins. Micah viewed
Jerusalem as morally corrupt where the rulers abused the downtrodden (not much has changed). He
proclaims the end of Jerusalem because of the open market, (socialism was a nightmare in the
future) from which Micah claimed all successful people (princes, judges, priests, and other prophets)
were corrupt. This county boy prophesied to the poor that it was the fault of the corrupt that YHWH
would destroy Jerusalem. There appears to be enough evidence that the Book contains oracles after
his death, he remains another prophet proclaiming doom only to end with the redeeming salvation of
the people.
2. Economic and social situation – During his lifetime of prophecy the area experienced economic
wealth and enduring peace. He came before Josiah's "discovery" and implementation of the Scroll
found in the temple. He came when there was peace and prosperity, as the forbearer of catastrophic
news. The temple was a house of idols and the people went to the "show" but did not follow
YHWH. Micah made it a point to proclaim that YHWH didn't want sacrifices, which contradicts the
very edicts YHWH proclaimed. Micah wanted the people to return to a devotion to YHWH

King Solomon Chapter 1
The first sixteen chapters of 2 Chronicles open with the feats of King Solomon, the figure who
dominates the first nine chapters of the reading. The narrative starts off with Solomon already firmly
established, not accounting the struggle it took him to get to this position of favor. This favor is
consummated in chapter 1 when the Lord accepts Solomon's offerings and grants his request for
wisdom. This wisdom results in even more favor as chapter one ends by summarizing the material
wealth the kingdom accumulates. The second chapter immediately dives into Solomon's
preparations to build the Temple by accounting how many people were involved in the work and
how a treaty was formed with the king of Tyre for assistance. Chapter Three describes ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Chapter ten begins with the revolt of Rehoboam's reign. Israel rebels against the house of David
when Rehoboam chooses to disregard the elders who had served Solomon and instead enforces a
stricter rule on the people. Although the split between Israel and Judah is not explicitly made
official, chapter 11 foreshadows the split as it profiles the emergence of a rival leader in the form of
Jeroboam. The chapter talks about how Rehoboam gains power through building up his family and
building up cities in preparation for fighting against the rest of Israel. Rehoboam abandons the law
of the Lord and is attacked by the king of Egypt. God had originally intended to use Egypt to
completely destroy Israel, but since the people humbled themselves, Egypt took the treasures in the
Temple and subjected the people to servanthood. Rehoboam continued to reign and faced continual
warfare with Jeroboam, the king of Israel. Chapter 13 talks about how his son Abijah succeeded him
as the king of Judah. Abijah inherited the animosity with Jeroboam as chapter 13 narrates a fierce
battle in which Abijah wins because Judah cried out to the Lord. Judah saw a time of good fortune
as the son who succeeded Abijah, Asa, did what was right in the eyes of the Lord. After ten years of
peace and prosperity, Asa's army defeated Cushite forces in a feat that was clearly the work of the
Lord. In Chapter 15 the Lord spoke to Asa through Azariah to encourage him to keep seeking the
Lord, so Asa initiated a series of major reforms to reduce the pagan cultures in Judah. However, in
chapter 16 Asa makes an alliance with the king of Aram to retaliate against Baasha king of Israel.
God was angered that Asa did not look to the Lord for help first. Asa was angered at this messenger,
so he sent the messenger to prison and brutally oppressed some of the people. Asa stopped seeking
the Lord and was punished with a

Jezebel Beliefs
The kingdom of Israel was divided into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom of Israel was made up
of ten tribes not including Judah and Benjamin. The northern kingdom was known as Israel and the
southern kingdom was known as Judah. King Omri, Ahab's father founded Samaria, the capital of
Israel. It survived approximately up until 722 BC when the Assyrians destroyed it. Every king who
ruled over Israel was evil. An example of this is, King Ahab who married Jezebel princess of
Phoenicia, which would be the reason for the fall of the kingdom. Ahab was the son Omri. Jezebel
was the daughter of Ethbaal, King of Tyre. Jezebel introduced the worship of Baal and other idols.
She forcefully encouraged her husband, the king of Israel, to abandon all worship of Yahweh.
Jezebel was very intimidating, terrifying and treacherous. Besides the worship of Yahweh a popular
religion during the time of Ahab and Jezebel was Baal and Asherah. According to, Walter A. Elwell,
"Gods and Goddesses, Pagan" in the Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology, Asherah was one
three chief consort–goddesses within the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It's because of Jezebel; this change of religion is significant as she introduces or reintroduces idol
worship to the Israelites. Jezebel was an extremist about her religions and believes. She had Ahab
build a palace for Baal and Asherah in Samaria. Later she brought in 400 prophets for Asherah and
450 prophets for Baal from Phoenicia to promote their worship. Unsatisfied with her base of religion
in the kingdom, Jezebel went out on a manhunt, to hunt down left over remains of Yahweh worship
and Gods prophets. Hundreds of prophets were either turned, killed or ran away. Elijah seemed
courageous compared to the other prophets. He lived in a cave on Mount Carmel. Yahweh was able
to direct, lead and speak through Elijah to the israelites. He protected and provided for Elijah. He
was considered one of Yahweh's strongest

Hezekiah Essay
Throughout the Old Testament, several kings rose to the throne of Israel and Judah. These kings
were known for their wickedness in the eyes of the Lord, many of whom permanently damaged their
kingdoms. Possibly the only king who displayed no such traits was Hezekiah. Hezekiah bowed to
the Lord in all things and upheld all his statutes. It is for this reason he is righteous. Therefore, from
Hezekiah's fear in God, his constant communication and faith, and his reliance on only the LORD in
Judah, God declares him to be an exceedingly righteous King. Likely the most obvious factor of
Hezekiah's righteousness is obedience and conformance to God's laws. These attributes are
exhibited not of fear of consequence, but honor and love. Hezekiah demonstrates this in a an
overruling sense, in some cases just in general upholding of the law of Moses, and in others, direct
obedience to God's commandments. His fear in the Lord was so complete, it is explicitly stated in 2
Kings 18:6. The question is no longer was he obedient, but instead, "How does his obedience make
him righteous." The essential concept for this is justification by faith. This concept, which was first
shown with Abel and then Abraham, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All but Hezekiah. Hezekiah proved his faithfulness tenfold through many things. He tore down the
temples of the false "gods," he maintained a near to perfect relationship with the LORD, and he
obeyed the word of God and all his statutes. Hezekiah's faith was counted to him, like few before
him, as righteousness in the eyes of the Lord. These things maintained Hezekiah's reputation as the
ideal king of Judah. Therefore, from the ultimate obedience of Hezekiah in God's word and laws, his
maintained prayer and communication with the LORD and his prophet, and the expulsion of all false
gods from the nation of Judah, Hezekiah is shown to be righteous in the eyes of the

A New Covenant With The House Of Judah
The days are surely coming, says the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of
Israel and the house of Judah. 32 It will not be like the covenant that I made with their ancestors
when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt–a covenant that they broke,
though I was their husband, says the Lord. 33 But this is the covenant that I will make with the
house of Israel after those days, says the Lord: I will put my law within them, and I will write it on
their hearts; and I will be their God, and they shall be my people. 34 No longer shall they teach one
another, or say to each other, "Know the Lord," for they shall all know me, from the least of them to
the greatest, says the Lord; for I will forgive their iniquity, and remember their sin no more.
34 And they shall teach no more every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know
the LORD: for they shall all know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the
LORD: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more." (Jeremiah 31:31–34)
(The Harper Collins Study Bible)
Jeremiah 31:31–34 is one of the popular passages for the discussion for both Christina and Jews
alike. Jeremiah 31: 31–34 is a part of a section of the book of Jeremiah which was called, the Book
of Consolation. It is a foretelling message of God promise for the people, in which God promises
that he will make a new unconditional covenant with the nation of Israel and Judah.

Book Of Jeremiah Research Paper
However, to embrace the exiles from Judah in their circumstances and reflect on the message of God
spoken through the Prophet Jeremiah found in 29:10–14 one must know the circumstances that led
up to the Babylonian destruction of Judah and the oppression of the kingdom's people as exiles. One
must know the destruction before one may see the grace of God bestowed upon the people in a
message of renewal, restoration and salvation. Judah, the southern kingdom, came under threat from
the Babylonians during the time of Jeremiah the Prophet which was from 628 until 586 B.C.E.
Egypt had aided Judah during the first threat in 588 B.C.E. and Judah did not fall. However, during
the second attack on Judah the monarchs were not able to defend Judah and ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
In chapter 29, one hears Jeremiah say to accept servitude to the Babylonians. The Judeans have
come under punishment from God for their sins. They have received the punishment due to them
according to God and their lives it seems at this point are at the hands of their enemies the
Babylonians even though their fate is in God's hands. Jeremiah continues to speak out prophetically
fighting against those who are false prophets who are intent on telling the people warm and fuzzy
lies to cover up and deny the brokenness that has caused them to be in exile. God has spoken to
Jeremiah of why Judah must be in exile, why Judah must come to terms with what has happened to
them. Jeremiah knows God wants Judah to turn and repent for turning away from God but the
people do not listen to Jeremiah. When the people finally listen to Jeremiah they are already in exile
in Babylonia. Jeremiah must send letters to proclaim God's Word to them. Jeremiah was one of
those who were left behind in Judah. Jeremiah was left behind seeing the destruction of Jeremiah's
homeland first hand. Jeremiah has been deemed the 'weeping prophet' because of Jeremiah's deep
care and love for the people of Judah and for God. Jeremiah feels not only the grief God experiences
for having to destroy the people but Jeremiah feels the grief of the people being destroyed. Jeremiah
weeps in chapter 9 because Jeremiah knows what is coming. But on the other hand, Jeremiah
wanted to see the truth of God's reality come to fruition because Jeremiah knew of God's great love
for God's people. The ethos Jeremiah uses in the prophetic word Jeremiah speaks is genuine and in
no way false as the words of the false prophet, Hananiah when Hananiah spoke saying the exile
would only last two years (Jer

Literary Context Of ' King Hezekiah Of Judah '
Literary Context
2 Kings 19:15–19 contains various theology on prayer and also about who God is. The passage is a
simple prayer of King Hezekiah of Judah. And this passage is placed right between 2 King 19 which
seems to be the middle of the story of King Hezekiah of Judah but this is the pivotal point of the
story. In addition, the passage shows the most critical and difficult state for Hezekiah. He is cornered
in by Sennacherib and there is no way out. 2 Kings 19:1–7 is about prophet Isaiah encouraging
Hezekiah that Judah will not be delivered by the hand of Sennacherib. And 2 Kings 19:20–35 is
about the prophecy of Isaiah concerning the Sennacherib (v.20–28) and restoration of remnants
(v.29–v.31) and destruction of Assyrian army by the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This trait is different from the previous kings or any kings after Hezekiah. In addition, there is an
overlap of two kingdoms in 2 Kings 18:9–12, Judah and Samaria. However, the northern kingdom
Israel was exiled because "they did not obey the voice of the Lord their God and transgressed his
covenant, even all that Moses the servant of the Lord commanded. They neither listened nor obeyed.
Surely, author indicates that this is the clear reason why they were exiled by the Assyrians and
unless Judah realigned their hearts back to God, they would end up the same way. In 2 Kgs 18:13–
18, the author begins "in the fourteenth year of King Hezekiah." The author shows that after six
years of Samaria being exiled now they were in a grievous situation and cornered in like Israel. All
of their fortified cities had been captured. Then Hezekiah pays tribute to stop the Assyrians to buy
them some time before they eventually come to them. And he ends up giving "all the silvers" and
"stripped the gold" from the doors of the temple of the Lord. This surely is not a picture of
triumphant Israel but rather a defeated nation subdued by Assyrians. In 2 Kings 18:19, Rabshekah
the messenger of Sennacherib comes and say to the officials "on whom do you rest this trust of
yours?" This is a claim against Hezekiah's alliance to King Egypt. Though they have made a
suzerain–vassal relationship with Sargon, Hezekiah withheld the tributes and broke the treaty with
Assyria. Instead of trusting in

Jehoshaphat
Jehoshaphat
Submitted By: Timothy L. Rhiney
OTS 315 Ancient Israel
Dr. Hannah Harrington
February 21, 2012
Introduction
Thesis
Statement of Points
The power of God
A. Pray and seek the Lord
God Answers Jehoshaphat's prayers
So why pray?
A. Prayer admits our own limitations
B. Prayer opens our eyes to the power of God
IV. Conclusion/Summary
Bibliography
Introduction:
There's a story in the Old Testament that people of God are faced with everyday. A

situation that is utterly outside their control, a situation that threatens to completely destroy them;
one they have absolutely no resources ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One time when he was king, he had an opportunity to really trust God. King Jehoshaphat
received news that was very frightening. A lookout guard for the city brought some terrible news
to the king. Their enemy had unexpectedly come to fight them. They were very close to the city.
The army was large and very powerful. The situation looked frightening for King Jehoshaphat
and his people. The first thing that Jehoshaphat did was to pray and ask God for help. He asked
all the people not to eat for the day. Instead, he asked them to pray and ask God for help.
Then, King Jehoshaphat stood in front of the people and prayed to God. He praised God for how
powerful and wonderful He was. He asked God to help them defeat this enemy. He told God that
they could not do anything without God's help. God heard King Jehoshaphat's prayer. God sent a
messenger named Jahaziel to speak to all the people. He told them to listen to what the Lord said.
He said, "Do not be afraid or discouraged because of this big army. For the battle is not yours,
but God's." God told them to wait until the next day to fight. God showed that when they
marched to fight, they would see how God would win the battle for them.
Early the next morning, Jehoshaphat and his army went out as God told them.
He asked people to come and sing songs to God and play beautiful music to God. They sang at
the front of the army. As they sang, God sent

Kings David and Solomon: from 10th Century B.C.E. to...
Kings David and Solomon: From 10th Century B.C.E. to present day Controversy
Introduction
Perhaps the most famous Old Testament Kings, as well as two of the most famous Hebrew heroes of
all time were, King Solomon and his father King David. Their stories have been told time and time
again throughout the ages: passed down orally for centuries, then later reproduced and shared all
over the globe as intricate portions of many historical religious texts including the Torah, the Koran
and the Holy Bible. Biblical sources include: I Chronicles, I Kings, Ecclesiastes, as well as the
accounts of many prophets. Furthermore, King David and King Solomon have been attributed to
writing several Old Testament books including: the Song of Solomon, ... Show more content on
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1000 B.C.E. (Castel, 1985, pp.87–89; Grant, 1984, pp.75–78; Learsi, 1949, pp. 49–51; Rogerson,
1999, pp.79–80; 2 Samuel, c.a. 1100–1010 B.C.E., pp. 505–555). In a brilliant political move David
took over the Jebusite city of Jerusalem and made it the capitol of the new United Kingdom of Israel
"thenceforward to be honored as the City of David" (2 Samuel, 1997, pp. 505–555; Eban, 1999, p.
47). Moving the capitol to Jerusalem was an ingenious move on David's part since it placed him
geographically between the northern tribes of Israel and the former Judah. This also unified the
Hebrew nation politically since Jerusalem was a fresh start, not being formerly of Israel or Judah. In
order to unify the nation religiously David (with the help of King Hiram of Tyre) built a palace on
Mount Zion where he housed the Ark of the Covenant (Castel, 1985, p. 90; Eban, 1999, p. 49;
Halkin, 2006, p. 43; Learsi, 1949, p. 55; Rogerson, 1999, pp. 81–82). He then set out to expand his
kingdom taking over and taxing all of Canaan (Rogerson, 1999, p. 82). King David ruled Israel for
the next 33 years (Castel, 1985, p. 89; Harkin, 2006, p. 41). Unfortunately the house of David, like
many great monarchs (especially those who practiced polygamy) faced great diplomatic personal
odds. Among them was internal dissent including a great deal of "palace intrigue" that was coupled
with David's personal struggles

King David Research Paper
Josiah was the last of the good kings of Judah. He is often referred to as the young reformer. His
reform program was the last attempt to bring Judah back to the Lord before the end came. The
nation was shrinking fast. Josiah must be seen as the last ray of hope just before the darkness of the
Babylonian captivity set in. Josiah was eight years old when he became king, and he reigned in
Jerusalem for thirty–one years. He did what was pleasing in the eyes of the Lord and followed the
examples of his ancestor David. During the eighth year of his reign, while he was still young, Josiah
begin to seek the Lord. Then in the twelfth year, he begin to purify Judah and Jerusalem, by
destroying all the pagan shrines, Asherah poles and the carved idols ... Show more content on
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Josiah found the copy of the law of God in the temple and when he heard the news that the people
were not following the law, gathered all the people and kings to promise to obey the book of law.
Jerusalem was filled with pilgrims for keeping the passover. They sacrificed more than 45,000
sacrifices. After the temple was refinished, The king of Egypt and his army gathered with the king of
Jerusalem. The king of Egypt told the king of Jerusalem that the Lord had spoken to him telling him
that if the king of Jerusalem interferes with him he will destroy the kingdom. In the battle, Josiah
was badly hurt and died a few days later. Then, Jehoiakim, the son of Josiah, instead of tearing his
clothes he tore apart the book and the whole generation changed. Jehoahaz was the king of Judah for
three months. When pharaoh defeated his father the kingdom, Judah was handed over to the
Egyptians. He allowed the people to go back to practicing idolatry. When he stopped listening to the
king of Egypt he imprisoned him and send him to Egypt where he died. Jehoiakim reigned in
Jerusalem for eleven years and for the first four years he paid large tribute to Egypt and he
reestablished idolatry then in 605 B.C., the Babylonian king, King Nebuchadnezzar, fought with
Pharaoh and

Timeline Old Testament Essay
Joseph M. Bolton RELS 103–02 Online Old Testament Studies Spring Semester 2011 Session E
May 8, 2011 to July 2, 2011 The Old Testament TimeLine Creation & Primeval History The
Creation: * God creates the Heavens and the Earth * God creates man in his image. * God creates
Adam and Eve. * God places them in the garden. The Fall: * Eve is deceived and Adams falls. *
Adam commits first sin. * God creates The Adamitic covenant. * God cast Adam and Eve out of
garden. The Flood: * God cause rain for first time. * Noah, only good human on earth. * Noah and 3
sons build Ark. * Noah gathers animals on the Ark. * Earth and all living destroyed. * Flood ends
after ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
* Sold into slavery * Potiphar * Court of Pharaoh * Steward over Pharaoh's estate * Famine * Egypt
had plenty * His brothers come to Egypt for food. * Jacob and family move to Egypt Moses 15
Century B.C. * Found by Pharaoh's Daughter as a infant. * Raised as Pharaoh's son. * Parts the Red
Sea. * Led Israelites out of Egypt to Promise land. * 10 Commandments on Mt. Sinai. * Only
prophet to the Lord face to face. Joshua 15 Century B.C. * Successor to Moses Leading Israelites. *
Led Israelites into Promise land. * Joshua battled the Amalekites. * Captured the city of Jericho. *
Conquering five northern kingdoms * Defeated 31 kings. * Settled Israelites in Canaan. The Period
of Judges Othniel 14 Century B.C. * Defeated the Cushan – Rishathaim. Ehud * Rescued the
Israelites from Moabites. Shamgar – next judge of Israel. * Delivered them from Philistines.
Deborah – 21 Century B.C. * First female judge. * She led Israel to victory against Sisera * Had Jael
killed Sisera with a tent stake. * She defeated the Canaanites. * The song of Deborah is still sung
today. Gideon 12 Century B.C. * Conquered the Midianite's army. * Led Israel into forty years of
peace. *

The Book Of Amos Is The Earliest Preserved Example Of...
The book of Amos is the earliest preserved example of classic prophetic writings. It consists of nine
chapters, but Amos did not write the entirety of them. "A majority of scholars think that not all of
the material in Amos goes back to the prophet himself but was added later by ancient editors of the
book." The anthology contains a variation of materials: prophecies, visions and addresses from
Amos to the people of Israel. Two major themes of the book are the social injustice in Israel, and the
impending doom in Israel's future. "Amos is the third of the minor prophets. His name is usually
taken to signify 'Carrier', but is better interpreted 'Heavy' or 'Burden', in allusion to the grievous
message which he had to deliver." Before he ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The rich oppressed the poor; might was right; it was an age of corruption." The religious leaders in
Israel believed that Yahweh materially rewarded those who honor him and practice at the established
places of worship, which meant that the poor did not live comfortably because they refused to
regularly participate in religious activities. Amos, on the other hand, was taught that you express
loyalty for Yahweh through fair dealings among people.
"People built many altars on mountains to serve the Canaanite gods, the Baal and Ashtarte. The
Golden Calves, which the first Jeroboam set up in the north and south of the country to turn the
people away from the Beth Hamikdosh in Jerusalem, were worshipped more than before and the
teachings of the Torah and the holy commandments were viewed with contempt."
Amos began to have dreams and visions concerning this.
He had a total of five visions that "express[ed] divine judgment on Israel". The first two visions
were of destructions that were avoided because Israel begged for forgiveness.
Heilig 3
"This is what the Lord God showed me: he was forming locusts at the time the latter growth began
to sprout (it was the latter growth after the king's mowings). When they had finished eating the grass
of the land, I said, 'Oh Lord God, forgive I beg you! How can Jacob stand? He is so small! The Lord
relented concerning this; 'It shall not be,' said

The Five Covenants : The Davidic, Noahic, Abrahamic,...
The Five Covenants
The five major Covenants are the Davidic, Noahic, Abrahamic, Mosaic, and the New
Covenants. These Covenants are God's promises to is people that show the redemptive power of
God's love and the blessing that He bestowed upon the Israelites as well as the curses. Within the
Old Testament of the Bible there are in its entirety 39 books that books of law, wisdom, prophetical,
wisdom, as well as poetry. All of these books are bound together succession by the
Five Covenants that God made with the people of Israel. The Davidic Covenant, is based upon the
promise that God made to David through the prophet Nathan. In Samuel 2:7 God made the covenant
without conditions with David and Israel as well. The covenant states that the Savior would come
from the line of David and from the tribe of Judah. It states that David's kingdom would last and
stand the test of time forever. The covenant is unconditional because in order for the covenant to be
fulfilled God doesn't have to place any conditions of fulfillment. The covenant between God and
David is based solely of the faithfulness of God and does not depend of the obedience of David and
Israel at all. When you read 2 Samuel 7:12–13 you can see this promise, "I will raise up your
offspring to succeed you, your own flesh and blood, and I will establish his kingdom. He is the one
who will build a house for my Name." This covenant is so important because it shows how faithful
God is to

Summary: Hezekiah And Josiah
The land of Ancient Israel happened upon a multitude of kings throughout its time. Two of the major
kings who brought Yahwist changes were Hezekiah and Josiah. Hezekiah reigned in Judah from 727
BC to 698 BC while Josiah reigned in Jerusalem from 639 BC to 609 BC. The bible provides a
detailed explanation of worship and religious changes that took place under these two kings who
trusted in the Lord, the God of Israel. The Deuteronomistic reform began under Hezekiah and
continued heavily through Josiah. Hezekiah and Josiah both attempted to start a long lasting reform
of Yahwism within the lives of Judah. Hezekiah was an energy– driven ruler who "did what was
right in the eyes of Yahweh" (ppt). He became king of Judah at 25 years old and immediately ...
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Josiah's reform was more meticulous than Hezekiah's reform. He raised money to repair the temple
dedicated to Yahweh and will doing so, found the book of the law. This book inquired much about
the Lord. Although Josiah was told by god that there was no way to prevent the destruction of
Jerusalem, he still had people meet at the house of the Lord to listen to the reading of the book of the
law and renew the covenant with Yahweh. Josiah had the priest clear the temple from all the vessels
used for idol worship and destroyed the shrines used for worship. Idols were burned to ashes and the
ashes were scattered on the graves of people. He destroyed the places of power and did everything
to make it so that people would not want to come back and worship idols again. His ideas flowed
into neighboring cities of Israel that he was able to reach. After clearing Israel of idols and places of
worship, he also re instituted the celebration of Passover. Josiah knew the only way to keep out old
customs was to reinstate the biblical customs. This Passover was of the most special as so many
people participated and gave sacrifices as well as observed the holiday itself with feast. Hezekiah
put all his faith in God and depended on God throughout his reign while Josiah focused more on
working, himself, towards reformation. Josiah did everything according to the Laws of Moses in the
bible. He mostly advanced in his reformations after finding and reviewing the book of the law as
well as receiving the message god sent him. Josiah's reformation was genuine, but the people still
worshiped idols; his reformations were still imposed on the people even though there was lots of
opposition. The reformations occurred throughout Judah and other parts of Israel. Unfortunately, he
was killed in battle in 609 BC by the Egyptian king, Nebuchadnezzar, while he was trying to stop
communication between Egypt and

How Did Jeremiah's Corrupt Kings
Jeremiah
Judah's corrupt kings
Jeremiah is commonly known as the "weeping prophet" because of his deep commitment to and
empathy and compassion for the people of Judah; to whom he was chosen to chastise. He was a
prophet during the reign of five kings including: Josiah, Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and
Zedekiah. King Josiah had brought about reform throughout Judah and Jerusalem, restoring the
people to proper worship of God. However, when the king died, subsequent kings returned to the
corrupt religious practices of: idolatry, child sacrifice, and worship of Baal and other false gods,
which had been established by previous kings. Although God had withheld his wrath during King
Josiahs' reign; it would eventually fall upon Judah because of the sins and evil that the other kings
had promoted.
Jeremiah's calling
When God first called Jeremiah, Jeremiah argued that he was too young to speak for God. However,
God reminded him of who had been in control of his life and future all along, "Before you were
born I set you apart" (Jeremiah 1:5). God charged Jeremiah with the purpose to deliver the ... Show
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Additionally, he promised that the Messiah's family line would survive through a "righteous Branch"
when the time was right (Jeremiah 23:5). That 'righteous Branch' was ultimately realized through the
life and death of Jesus Christ. Jeremiah knew pain and heartache. He knew what it was like to feel
all alone in this world, to feel that God had forsaken him. Despite his attempts to change the
trajectory of their lives, he helplessly witnessed the people of Judah refuse to heed his warnings and
continue in a life of sin and moral corruption which led to their ultimate collapse and destruction.
Yet, throughout his ministry God offered Jeremiah nuggets of hope for the

Rfssdf
~CSB RG, 344–45, 351–55, 359–61 ~Amos 1–4 = CSB, 1265–70 After reading these passages, read
one more: Amos 5:21–24 (CSB, 1271). Verse 24 contains that famous line from Dr. Martin Luther
King, Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech (August 28, 1963. See: http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=smEqnnklfYs, 10:32 ff). How does your knowledge of Amos' message prompt you to interpret
Dr. King's message? How does Dr. King's particular indictments of northern and southern states
mirror Amos' criticisms of Judah and Israel? How do Dr. King's appeals to the "promissory notes" of
the Emancipation Proclamation and the Declaration of Independence mirror Amos'
Deuteronomic/prophetic appeal to Israel's covenant with God? (Note that for Dr. King, the violation
of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
How does this chapter fit the pattern of a "covenant lawsuit" (see CSB RG, 360; cf. 352)? What has
God done for the tribes of Israel? What two kinds of service are demanded of Israel in return (think
two "tables" of the Law/Decalogue)? Which one is emphasized here? Can the former service
(faith/worship) be acceptable to God without the latter (good works)? Which do you think is more
important: right worship and belief (orthodoxy) or right ethical commitments and actions
(orthopraxy)? (Hint: this last sub–question is a trick question.) This chapter fits the pattern of a
covenant lawsuit because of the event of Yahweh accusing Israel of breaking the covenant through
their lack of justice and honesty, after the pattern of the kings of Israel. God granted a good measure
of prosperity for the tribes of Israel. The two kinds of service are demanded of Israel in return are to
believe in God and worship his word. I believe worshiping his word is more emphasized because it
encourages people do what God says and spread his word rather than mindlessly believing in God.
The former service (faith/worship) can not be acceptable to God without the latter because it would
do any justice to God if you were to believe in him without preaching his faith. I believe both
orthodoxy and orthopraxy are just as important as eachother. In this and your other readings for this
class session, what did you find to be the most

How Did Friedman Who Wrote The Bible Review
Who Wrote the Bible Review For many, the Hebrew bible is read and accepted without question. It
plays a significant role in the practice of many religions and yet not many dare to wonder who wrote
such sacred writings that would still be read to this very day. For generations, it was almost unheard
of to ask or even fathom the identity of the author. Richard Elliot Friedman, a biblical scholar and
graduate from Harvard University, explores, studies, and analyzes the bible to discover who wrote it.
Having earned a master degree in theology, B.A degree in Philosophy, and master degree in Hebrew
literature, Friedman proves to be a knowledgeable expert in his field of studies. From the years of
work he invested into, Friedman aims to provide convincing evidence that the book is written by
four persons through historical, archaeological, logical proof. Friedman 's structure to prove that
source J and E were written by different authors was jointed together because they complimented
each other in their differences. Friedman believes that source J was written by a man in the southern
kingdom of Judah between the time of 848 B.C and 722 B.C while the author of source E was
written in the northern kingdom of Israel between 922 B.C. and 722 B.C. The narration of the
stories and the time period it was written in was used to support this idea. One of the stories he used
was the story of the twins. In the story, the younger brother, Jacob, gets his father

Judah And Jeremiah Research Paper
The prophets Isaiah and Jeremiah were two prophets that prophesied to the falling and fallen
kingdom of Judah. Isaiah prophesies to Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. Jeremiah prophesies
during the reign of Josiah through the captivity of Judah. Isaiah prophesies to a rebelling nation,
while Jeremiah prophesies to a nation that has been sorely punished for this rebellion. As we can see
then, the kingdom of Judah did not listen to Isaiah, because else they would have repented.
Something that is important to see is the calling of each of these prophets. The book of Isaiah
begins, after a small genealogy, with an instant prophesy. The book of Jeremiah begins with the
calling of Jeremiah. Apparently, Jeremiah did not believe that he could be ... Show more content on
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Isaiah prophesies of this in so many places, calling Him the Arm of the Lord, the Branch,
Counsellor, Prince of Peace, Elect of God, Everlasting Father, Wonderful, the Glory of the Lord,
God, the Holy One of Israel, Immanuel, Jehovah, Lawgiver, Man of Sorrows, and many other
names. He prophesies of the coming Messiah over 20 times, speaking about exact things that would
happen to Jesus Christ. Jeremiah, on the other hand, prophesies of the Messiah only once really. In
Chapter 23, verses 5 and 6, he says that the Lord will raise up a Branch out of David, a King who
will reign forever, executing judgment on all the earth. In those days, Israel will be saved and dwell
in safety. The significance of each book is also different. Isaiah's main lesson is that God will save
his people through judgment. God's elect are always the minority, and all judgment will be for their
advantage. He also speaks of Christ as a small Root that is left from the House of David that will
become a great tree. The significance of Jeremiah is this, namely: In Christ, the "old" covenant will
be "broken" and a "new" and better covenant will be revealed. This is made clear in the book of

Isaiah Vs Jeremiah
The prophets Jeremiah and Isaiah are both prophets of the Lord. While both of them preached the
true word of God to Gods people they both did it in different ways.
The first verse of the Book of Isaiah states that Isaiah prophesied during the reigns of Uzziah,
Jotham, Ahaz and Hezekiah, the kings of Judah. Uzziah's reign was 52, and Isaiah must have begun
his ministry a few years before Uzziah's death. Isaiah lived until the fourteenth year of Hezekiah's
reign, and may have been contemporary for some years with Manasseh. Thus Isaiah may have
prophesied for as long as 64 years. Isaiah had two sons She'ar–Ya'shuv, meaning "A remnant shall
return" and Maher–Shalal–Hash–Baz, meaning, "Spoil quickly, plunder speedily."
Jeremiah was the son of Hilkiah, a Jewish priest from the Benjamite village of Anathoth. Jeremiah's
ministry was started in the thirteenth year of Josiah, king of Judah and lasted until after the fall of
Jerusalem and the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is mainly due to the time period that Isaiah preached in. During Isaiah's ministry it was a time
of reformation. A large portion of the time he spent preaching Hezekiah was the king and he feared
God and maintained the temple. This meant that when the people and king heard the word of Isaiah
they were happy and praised God. Even when Isaiah told Hezekiah that because of his pride and
showing off his armory to the ambassadors of Babylon that the nation of Judah would be taken into
captivity and made their servants he rejoiced and praised God for this humbling.
During Jeramiah's preach he encountered false prophets. Jeramiah brought the truth saying that the
people of Israel would be destroyed if they did not repent. The false prophets where telling them that
the kingdom of Judah would not be taken captive. Jeramiah then made a picture. He was to take a
yoke this yoke represented the bondage that the people of Judah would be put into under the control
of

Major Events Of Babylonian Captivity
Research Paper 2: Major event This paper will discuss the Babylonian captivity, a major event from
the history of Israel from the creation of Israel to its Statehood in 1948. This event will be discussed,
from a historical as well as biblical perspective, what happened to the nation of Israel, how this
event impacted the surrounding nations, as well as God's hand in the event guiding the nation of
Israel and His ultimate purpose through the event. God warned Israel before they entered the
Promised Land that they will forsake Him and go after other gods. As a result of this, He will scatter
them among the nations. After the death of Solomon, the United Kingdom was split in two: The
Northern ten tribes will form Israel and the remaining 2 tribes in the South will form Judah. Israel
went into Assyrian captivity in 722 B.C. and they never returned to their land. Judah went into
Babylonian ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is an important period in Israel's history because the captivity and the return and restoration of
the Jewish nation were fulfilling the Old Testament prophecies.
When Solomon died in 931 B.C., the United Kingdom of Israel was split in two: 10 tribes in the
North formed Israel and the 2 remaining tribes in the South continued under the name of Judah. God
punished the Northern Kingdom for their idolatry and in 722 B.C. it was conquered by the
Assyrians. The people were taken into captivity and they never returned to their homeland. The
Southern Kingdom survived until 586 B.C. when it fell to the Babylonians.
From historical perspective, the Babylonian captivity started after the Babylonian army defeats the
Pharaoh Necho's army at Carchemish in 605 B.C. The King Jehoiakim had to pay tribute to
Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon. At this time Daniel and his friends Shadrach, Meshach, and
Abednego were taken to Babylon. This was the first

Analysis Of Jeremiah 1, By Jeremiah
In Jeremiah 1, God explains that he has had a plan for Jeremiah before he was brought into
existence. Just like Jeremiah, God give everyone the breath in their lungs to speak the words of the
Lord. God gives his people his promise that even their troubles, he will be the supporter in his
people 's' calling. In Jeremiah 1, Jeremiah is called on as a young boy to speak through the lord, is
given power in the lord's touch, and has a vision to symbolize the difficulties he will face and the
strength he must gain through the Lord's promise. Historical Context Jeremiah starts by letting the
readers know where he is and what is happening around him. Jeremiah was grown and raised into a
family of priests. He is the son of Hilkiah, who is one of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This was successful for a while, but the Judeans quickly returned to their sinful ways (Walton 708).
The official author of the book of Jeremiah is not exactly knows, but was most likely not written by
one person. It is highly assumed that the legitimate historical Jeremiah strongly influenced the
perspective and structure of the Book of Jeremiah, and that there are real prophecies of Jeremiah in
the book. The book of Jeremiah was actually put together in a later time, most likely in the late 6th
Century BC, at the end of the Babylonian Exile. This took place when the people of Judah finally
got permission to go home. Jeremiah's setting is in Ancient Judah, during the time that Jeremiah's
prophecy, from roughly 630 to 580 BCE (Harrison 454). It is a time of extreme suffering, warfare
and destruction. The destruction of the northern kingdom of Israel had happened around 740 BCE,
when the Israelites were conquered by the Assyrian Empire and the people sent off to live in
Assyria. In the time of Jeremiah, the Judean kings most likely knew the events happening in the
northern kingdom, since a number of citizens had moved south into Judah (Harrison 868–870). It is
assumed that Jeremiah's father had the possibility of coming from the family of Abiathar. In the time
of King Solomon, Abiathar had been a priest. (1 Kings 1:25; 2:26–27). Anathoth was a suburb about
three miles to

Essay on Hosea
Hosea
Hosea (c.784 – c.725 BC)
After the death of King Solomon, the united tribes of Israel split into 2 kingdoms – the southern
kingdom of "Judah," with the capital remaining at Jerusalem, and the northern kingdom of "Israel,"
with the capital at Samaria. The northern kingdom lasted just over 200 years before they were
conquered and taken away into exile by the Assyrians. They never returned, and have become
known to history as the "Lost Ten Tribes of Israel."
The southern kingdom lasted slightly over 300 years before they were conquered and taken into
exile by the Babylonians under King Nebuchadnezzar. Unlike the northern kingdom however, a
remnant of the southern kingdom was allowed to return and resettle Jerusalem in the time ... Show
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God does strange things at times, things we don't always understand, things we can't categorize,
things that don't fit into what we think we know of him. And this is one of those strange things.
Perhaps Hosea then began to understand a little bit of what God was doing. He knew it was
customary in Israel to teach by symbols –– God often used this method of instructing his people ––
and that names were very important. God often used the meanings of names to teach Israel certain
truths just as we shall see in the case of Isaiah later on. Now God was planning to use this prophet
and his family as an example for his people.
Hosea obeyed the will of God, went to court Gomer, and they were married. At first it was heaven
on earth. Hosea loved this girl. You can't read this prophecy without seeing that. They must have
been wonderfully happy together, and then they had their first child. It was a boy, as God had said.
Bear in mind that it was the result of adultery on Gomer's part. Hosea's heart was filled to bursting,
and he went to God for the name of this boy. "What should we name the boy?" To his surprise, God
picked the name Jezreel. Now Jezreel means "cast–away" and was a name of shame in Israel. He
represented the hypocrisy and adultery of Israel, and he was a foreshadowing of what was to come
in divine discipline

Israel's Unfaithfulness To Hosea
A prophet was someone called by God to be a spokesman and a model of the message that God gave
them. The prophets spoke the God–given message through different types of oracles, as well as in a
poetic fashion. Not only did God call the prophets to speak the message, he also called them to
visually illustrate the message with their lives. So, they lived out what they preached. Hosea was a
prophet to the kingdom of Israel. God called Hosea to marry a harlot as a symbol of Israel's adultery
against God. Gomer's unfaithfulness to Hosea was an illustrative picture of Israel's unfaithfulness to
God with the gods of the other kingdoms. Hosea had three children with Gomer, each child's name
held a meaning related to Israel's future. Hosea's first son was named Jezreel as a picture of the
future bloodshed, and the end of the house of Israel. Hosea's second child was a daughter, and her
name was Lo–Ruhamah as a picture of the mercy that God would take from Israel and give to
Judah. Hosea's last child was another son whose name was Lo–Ammi as a picture of God rejecting
the house of Israel as His people because of their sin. After Hosea and Gomer had their children,
Gomer became unfaithful and ran off with other lovers. Little did she know, she was exhibiting a
picture of Israel's unfaithfulness. As a picture of God's restoration ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
God set aside Jeremiah before birth to take a message to the nations. One of the symbolic actions
that Jeremiah was commanded to do, was to buy a linen waistband, and hide it among some rocks
along the river. After a period of time God told Jeremiah to go and retrieve the waistband. When
Jeremiah did, he found that the waistband was ruined and worthless from prolonged exposure to
nature's elements. This was a illustration of God's people and how their wandering after other gods
had exposed their lives to pagan influence, and that soon made them spiritually

Old Testament Exegetical Paper – Isaiah 62
The prophet Isaiah lived in the Southern Kingdom of Judah in the 3rd century B.C. He had a
reputation as an uncompromising prophet who did not soften his words of condemnation and urge to
make changes (Stafford 616). The nation of Judah stood in a precarious position: the wickedness of
the people, the civil war which divided the Israelites into two kingdoms of Judah and Israel, the
neighboring countries which stood by, threatening war and the dilemma that faced the leaders about
whether or not they should take on allies all indicated the downfall of the nation of Judah if the
people did not heed his words and change their ways. According to The Interpreter's Bible, Isaiah 62
was written in the later part of the prophet Isaiah's life. By ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Most references to Zion take place in the books of Psalms, Lamentation and Isaiah. Its first
appearance is in 2 Sam 5:6 as "the stronghold of Zion". G.A. Barois points out that "it need not be
interpreted restrictively as a single building, but rather as the fortified crest of the hill between the
valleys " (959). The name ‘Zion' has been suggested by many to designate the entire walled town
that covered the southeast hill of Jerusalem. During the exile however, the whole of Judah came to
be known as Zion. ‘Zion' occupies synonymous parallelism with the noun ‘Jerusalem' (not just the
southeast hill) while "sons of Zion" and "daughters of Zion" implies the inhabitants of Jerusalem
(Lam. 4:2, Isa. 10:32). In 1Kings 8:1,2 we read, " out of the City of David which is Zion " Hence
we can correctly assume that both refer to the same place, which is Jerusalem. Since my chosen
passage is about ‘Zion', it is good to be sure what exactly is being spoken about.
Now that I've mentioned Zion the city, I'd like to cover another important aspect concerning cities
that's mentioned several times in the Bible— watchmen. According to The NIV Exhaustive
Concordance, the word ‘watchmen' has been used 13 times in the Old Testament (the singular
form, ‘watchman', has been used 16 times). This word is often used figuratively in the Bible, hence
it is important to understand its particular meaning in the passage chosen. ‘Watchmen' is mostly
found in the books of

Siege Of Jerusalem Research Paper
The Siege of Jerusalem & Fall of Judea
Jewish history and cultural memory revolves around a few pivotal moments. One of the most
important is the 587 BCE Siege of Jerusalem, a moment that changed Jewish history forever.
The Kingdom of Judah
In 1948, the nation of Israel was created as a homeland for the Jews, a population without a place to
call their own. Right off the bat, this raises some questions. Why didn't the Jews have a home? And
why would they want Israel? The answer to these questions takes us back literally thousands of
years to an ancient kingdom named Judah. Judah, located in roughly what is now Israel, was home
to a certain Semitic–speaking ethnic group. Any guesses which one? Judah...Jews...see how that
works? The Jewish people's claim to Israel is based in this ancient heritage. To really understand
this, however, we ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This was the first Jewish Exile, in which the people of Judah were banished from their homeland.
This exile also resulted in the loss of the Jewish holy relics; after the Siege of Jerusalem, the Ark of
the Covenant was never seen again.
The Hebrew people would not be allowed back into Jerusalem until the end of the century when the
Persian Achaemenid Empire conquered the region and permitted them to leave Babylon. From that
point, the Hebrews of Jerusalem existed as subjects of various empires, from the Persians to the
Greeks to the Romans. Throughout this time, they maintained the dream of becoming an
independent kingdom again, inspired by their memory of the Kingdom of Judah. The Temple of
Solomon was rebuilt, but the Jews were again banished from Jerusalem after the Romans laid siege
to the city in 70 CE. The Jews would be without a homeland for nearly 2,000 years, united in the
dream and promise of a renewed Jewish state.
Lesson

Jeremiah And St. Bakhta Research Paper
Jeremiah and St. Bakhita
Jeremiah was a prophet alive during 600 BC and he lived in the southern Kingdom of Judah. People
in Judah were not sharing with the poor, or following God's laws, and they also did not care about
peace. Jeremiah told them to treat everyone equally and to stop worshipping idols. They refused to
follow what Jeremiah was telling them and they beat him, then sent him to jail. But Jeremiah kept
telling them about God and how they had to repent. He told them that if they did not do what God
asked them to do then God would re–form them like somebody would re–form clay if they were not
happy with it.
St. Josephine Bakhita was a prophet born in 1869 in Olgassa, Sudan. She lived a normal life until
she was kidnapped by slave traders and was sold as a slave in 1877. Her owners would beat her and
they left her with 114 scars. Then, her one owner in took her to Italy where she was left with the
Canossian Sisters. There she learned about God and desired to meet him. So, once she was set fee in
1890 she became a Christian. She spent most of her life doing service for a place called Shio and
was always happy, kind, and gentle. She is similar to Jeremiah because they both were beat but
always kept learning and preaching about God. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bakhita lived a life that reflects the Spiritual Works of Mercy and Corporal Works of Mercy. One
Work of Mercy she did was bear wrongs patiently. She beared wrongs patiently by always being
happy, kind, and gentle towards other people even if they weren't to her. Another Work of Mercy she
reflected was forgive because she forgave and thanked her kidnappers because if they had not
kidnapped her than she would not of known who God is. She also sheltered the homeless. She also
sheltered the homeless by spending 50 years of her life doing services for others. She also protected
a whole town during a war and nobody there died. The Works of Mercy that she performed were:
bearing wrongs patiently, forgive, and shelter the

History in the Old Testament
AFRICA NAZARENE UNIVERSITY
TOWN CAMPUS
NAME: NJIHIA MARK
ADM NO: 12S03ABT003
DEPARTMENT: UNIVERSITY COMMON COURSES
COURSE: UCC 105 OLD TESTAMENT
LECTURER: Dr. THUO
TASK: DESCRIBE THE HISTORY IN THE OLD TESTAMENT
DUE DATE: 28th January, 2013
Introduction
The Old Testament was written over a wide historical period, it describes the relationship of God
and the people of Israel before the coming of Jesus. To make it easy to explain the history in the Old
Testament, I have seen it best to look at it under the following periods: 1. Primeval History
Primeval history refers to the earliest history in the Bible. Genesis chapters 1 to 11 are considered
the primeval history portion of the Bible. This is the Biblical time ... Show more content on
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The southern kingdom of Judah, essentially the tribes of Judah and Benjamin that remained loyal to
Rehoboam, maintained its capital in Jerusalem and enjoyed three–and–a–half centuries of Davidic
kings upon the throne. 8. Fall of Israel (Samaria) (722 BC)
The text of 2 Kings 17 tells of the reason why Israel fell as the Lord "removed them from His sight"
(2 Kings 17:18). First, they fell because they imitated the evil of those around them (vss. 7–8).
Second, they fell because they practiced idolatry (vss. 9–12). Third, they fell because they rebelled
against God (vss. 13–16). Forth, they fell because they sacrificed their children (vss. 17–18).
Samaria fell to the Syrians during the reign of King Hoshea.
9. Fall of Judah (Jerusalem) (578BC)
Despite the strong remonstrance of Jeremiah and others, Zedekiah revolted against Nebuchadnezzar,
ceasing to pay tribute to him and entered into an alliance with Pharaoh Hophra of Egypt. In 589

BCE, Nebuchadnezzar II returned to Judah and again besieged Jerusalem. During this period, many
Jews fled to surrounding Moab, Ammon, Edom and other countries to seek refuge. The city fell after
an eighteen month siege and Nebuchadnezzar again pillaged both Jerusalem and the Temple, after
which he destroyed them both. After killing all of Zedekiah's sons, Nebuchadnezzar took Zedekiah
to Babylon, putting an end to the independent Kingdom of Judah. 10. Exilic period (587BC–538
BC)

The Prophet Habakkuk

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The Prophet Habakkuk