This document discusses robotics and provides an overview of robots. It defines a robot as a mechanical device that can perform tasks automatically or by remote control. The history of robots is traced back to 1920 when the word was introduced. There are four main parts of industrial robots: sensors that provide information, actuators for movement, effectors as tools, and controllers as the brain. Robots can be mobile using legs or wheels, stationary for repetitive tasks, or remote-controlled for dangerous jobs. Advantages include precision, endurance, and handling hazardous duties, while disadvantages comprise job losses, maintenance costs, and power needs.

1. ROBOTICS
PRESENTED
BY:-
SAHIL GOYAL
ECE-5Y
CUN13010216
8

2. HISTORY
 The word robot was introduced to the
public by Czech writer Karel Capek(1890-
1938) in his play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal
Robots), published in 1920. The play
begins in a factory that makes artificial
people called robots.

3. What is a robot..??
• A robot can be termed as a
mechanical device that is designed
such that it can independently
perform actions and can interact
with its surroundings it can also
performs human tasks ,either
automatically or by remote.

4. ROBOTICS TERMINOLOGY
 Most industrial robots have at least the following four parts: -
 SENSORS
 ACTUATORS
 EFFECTORS
 CONTROLLERS

5. SENSORS
 Robots are nearly deaf and blind , Sensors give the
robot information about its surroundings and lets it
know the exact position of the arm.
 The sensor sends information, in the form of electronic
signals back to the controller.
CONTROLLERS
The robot connects to a computer(controller), which
keeps the pieces of the arm working together. The
controller functions as the "brain" of the robot. The
controller can also network to other systems, so that
the robot may work together with other machines,
processes, or robots.

6. ACTUATORS
 Actuators, also known as drives, are mechanisms for
getting robots to move. Most actuators are powered
by (air pressure), hydraulics (fluid pressure), or
motors (electric current) while Most actuation uses
electromagnetic motors and gears.
EFFECTORS
An effector is any device that affects the environment. Robots
control their effectors, which are also known as end effectors.
Effectors include legs, wheels, arms, fingers, wings and fins.
Controllers cause the effectors to produce desired effects on
the environment.

7. Types of robots
• The most common types of robots are:-
Mobile robots
Stationery robots
Remote-controlled robots

8. MOBILE ROBOTS
 As the name mobile itself
means movable ,so the
robots that move around
their legs ,tracks or wheels
can be called as mobile
robots.

9. Mobile robots are of two types….
Rolling robots have wheels to move around.
They can quickly and easily search.
However they are only useful in flat areas.
Robots on legs are usually brought in when
the terrain is rocky. Most robots have at least
4 legs; usually they have 6 or more.

10. STATIONERY ROBOT
Most robots a perform repeating tasks without ever moving an inch ,such
robots can be called as stationary robots and the common examples of such
robots are the robots working in industry.

11. Remote-control robots
• This type of robots can be
controlled by remote control ,these
are generally used in dangerous
tasks without being the spot where
the tasks are performed.
• In day to day life we commonly see
such type of robots used by
discovery channel for capturing
various dangerous animals activities
where being on the spot is not
possible.

12. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
 ADVANTAGE
 Used to do repetitive (boring) actions or jobs
 Perform a variety of tasks
 Improve in quality
 Increase in production
 Perform dangerous tasks that humans can’t do
 Robots do not get sick, they can work 24/7
without complaining
 DISADVANTAGE
 People can lose jobs in factories
 It needs a supply of power
 It needs maintenance to keep it
running .
 It costs money to make or buy a robot