ppt ch08

A+ Guide to IT Technical Support, 9th
Edition
Chapter 8
Installing Windows

© Cengage Learning 2014
Edition
Objectives
• Plan a Windows installation
• Install Windows 8.1 and Windows 7
• Configure Windows settings after the installation
• Explain about special concerns when installing
Windows in a large enterprise
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How to Plan a Windows Installation
• Situations requiring a Windows installation
– New hard drive
– Existing Windows version corrupted
– Operating System upgrade
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Choose the Edition, License, and
Version of Windows
• Editions of Windows 8
– Windows 8.1 – the edition of choice for a laptop or
desktop computer used in a home or small office
– Windows 8.1 Professional – includes additional
features
– Windows 8.1 Enterprise – allows for volume licensing
in a large, corporate environment
– Windows RT – a lighter edition available for tablets,
notebooks, and other mobile devices
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Version of Windows
• Editions of Windows 7
– Windows 7 Starter
– Windows 7 Home Basic
– Windows 7 Home Premium
– Windows 7 Professional
– Windows 7 Enterprise
– Windows 7 Ultimate
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Version of Windows
• Purchase options
– Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM)
• Costs less but can only be installed on a new PC for
resale
– Full Retail
• Costs less if you purchase a license to upgrade from
Windows 7
• Must purchase a Windows 8 full license for any
computer that has an OS other than Windows 8 or 7
6

Version of Windows
• 32-bit or 64-bit Architecture
– 64-bit installation usually performs better than 32-bit
• Can also support 64-bit applications, which run faster
– 64-bit installations of Windows require 64-bit device
drivers
– Must have enough RAM to support 64-bit installation
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Verify Your System Qualifies for
Windows
• Download, install, and run the Windows 8 Upgrade
Assistant to find out if a system can be upgraded
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8
Table 8-2 Minimum and recommended hardware requirements for Windows 8/7/Vista

Windows
• MBR or GPT Partitioning System
– Windows can use one of two methods to partition a
hard drive:
• Master boot record (MBR)
• GUID Partition Table (GPT)
– Windows is always installed on a volume that uses
the NTFS file system
– For most installations, install Windows on the only
hard drive in the computer and allocate all space to
one partition that Windows setup calls drive C:
• Installs Windows in the C:Windows folder
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Windows
• To understand if a system qualifies for Windows 8/7,
it helps to understand how Windows relates to
hardware by using device drivers and system
UEFI/BIOS
• When system is turned on:
– The motherboard UEFI/BIOS manages essential
devices such as keyboard, monitor, and hard drive
– Motherboard UEFI/BIOS is contained on a chip on the
motherboard and is called a firmware chip
• Older motherboards use firmware called BIOS and
an improved replacement for BIOS is UEFI
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Windows
• Motherboard UEFI/BIOS provides three functions:
– System UEFI/BIOS contains instructions for running
hardware devices before an OS is started
– Startup UEFI/BIOS starts the computer and finds a
boot device that contains an OS
• Then turns the startup process over to the OS
– Setup UEFI/BIOS is used to change motherboard
settings
• Can use it to enable or disable a device on the
motherboard, change data and time, or select the order
of boot devices for startup BIOS to search
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Windows
• Most computers today give you the option of using
UEFI or legacy BIOS to manage booting a computer
and turning it over to the OS
• Legacy BIOS in UEFI firmware is called UEFI CSM
• Consider the following:
– UEFI and the GPT partitioning system work only with
64-bit versions of Windows 7/8
– If the computer has a drive larger than 2 TB, you must
use UEFI firmware, GPT, and 64-bit version of Windows
– UEFI has a security system called Secure Boot, helps
prevent malware from hijacking a system
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12

Windows
• Device drivers: small programs stored on the hard
drive that tell the computer how to communicate with
a specific hardware device
– 32-bit OS requires 32-bit drivers and 64-bit OS
requires 64-bit drivers
– Device drivers can be downloaded from the
manufacturer’s website or found on installation DVDs
– When installing, be sure to have correct Windows
device drivers for all critical devices
• Not sure if devices will work with Windows 8/7?
– Set up a dual boot (also called multiboot)
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Installations with Special
Considerations
• When the computer does not have a DVD drive
– Download Windows 8.1 from Microsoft’s website
• Assumes the computer already has a working OS
– Use an external DVD drive
• If PC does not have an OS installed, you must change
boot order in BIOS setup
– Use a DVD drive on another computer
• Share the DVD drive and install from there
• Assumes the computer already has a working OS
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Considerations
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Figure 8-9 Set the boot order in BIOS setup

Considerations
• Factory recovery partition
– Some brand-name computers have hidden recovery
partition
• To access hidden partition, press a key during startup
• Some contain a utility to create a recovery CD
• Recovery CD must be created before drive failure
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Considerations
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Figure 8-9 Use the recovery utility on this laptop to create DVDs that can
be used to recover the system in the event the hard drive fails

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Considerations
• Installation in a virtual computer
– Virtual computer or virtual machine (VM)
• Software simulating hardware of a physical computer
• Allows installation and running of multiple operating
systems at the same time on a PC
– Reason to use a virtual machine
• Train users, run legacy software, and support multiple
operating systems
• Can capture screen shots of boot process in a virtual
machine
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Considerations
• Hypervisor – software used to manage VMs
installed on a workstation
• Popular virtual machine programs for Windows:
– Client Hyper-V and Virtual PC by Microsoft,
VirtualBox by Oracle, and VMware Player by VMware
Inc.
– Client Hyper-V is embedded in Windows 8 Pro or
Enterprise
– Virtual PC is free for download in all editions of
Windows 7 except Windows 7 Starter
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Choose the Type of Installation: In-Place
Upgrade, Clean Install, or Dual Boot
• If hard drive is new, a clean install must be installed
• If an OS is already installed, you have three options
– Clean install: overwrites the existing OS and
applications
• Advantage: get a fresh start
– In-place upgrade: a Windows installation launched
from the Windows desktop and keeps user settings
and installed applications from the old OS
• Requires qualifying OSs called upgrade paths
– Multiboot: Can install Windows in a second partition
• Need at least two partitions or a second hard drive
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21
Table 8-3 In-place upgrade paths to Windows 8.1

• Other tips to keep in mind:
– A 64-bit version of Windows can only be upgraded to
a 64-bit OS
– A 32-bit OS can only be upgraded to a 32-bit OS
• If you want to install a 64-bit version of Windows over a
32-bit OS, a clean install must be performed
– You cannot upgrade from Windows XP or Vista to
Windows 8 and you cannot upgrade from XP to
Windows 7
• You must perform a clean install
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Understand the Choices You’ll Make
During the Installation
• Size of the Windows Partition
– You can decide to not use all the available space on
the drive for the Windows partition
– Reasons not to use all available space:
• You plan to install more than one OS on the hard drive,
creating a dual-boot system
• Some people prefer to use more than one partition or
volume to organize data on their hard drives
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23

Understand the Choices You’ll Make
During the Installation
• Network Configuration
– To join a domain, you’ll need the network ID and
password assigned to you by the network
administrator
– To join a homegroup, you’ll need the password to the
homegroup
– To join a workgroup, you’ll need the name of the
workgroup
– Might need to know how the IP address is assigned
(dynamically or statically)
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24

Final Checklist Before Beginning the
Installation
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25
Table 8-4 Checklist to complete before installing Windows

Final Checklist Before Beginning the
Installation
• Verify all application software DVDs and device
drivers are available
• Back up all important data
• If not reformatting the drive, run antivirus software to
ensure the drive is free from malware
• Use UEFI/BIOS setup to verify the boot sequence
needed for installation
– Also disable any virus protection setting that might
prevent the boot area of the drive from being altered
• For laptops, use AC adapter so you don’t run out of
battery
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Edition
Installing Windows 8.1 and Windows 7
• Topics covered
– Learn how to install Windows 8.1/7 as an:
• In-place upgrade
• Clean install
• Dual boot
• How to handle using a Windows upgrade product key
to install Windows on a new hard drive
• Make sure you document what you did during the
installation
– Documentation might be helpful for future
maintenance and troubleshooting
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Steps to Performing a Windows 8.1 In-
Place Upgrade
• Steps to upgrade from Windows 7 to Windows 8.1
– 1. Before you start the upgrade, do the following:
• Scan the system for malware
• Uninstall any applications or device drivers you don’t
intend to use in the new installation
• Make sure your backups are up to date
– 2. Insert Windows 8.1 setup DVD
• Double click setup.exe
– 3. At the next window, enter the product key and
Windows verifies the key is a valid key
• If connected to Internet, setup will activate Windows
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Place Upgrade
– 4. Accept the license terms
– 5. On the Choose what to keep screen, decide what
you want to do with Windows settings:
• First two options perform upgrades to Windows 8.1
• The Nothing option performs a clean install of Windows
8.1
• For an upgrade installation, choose the first option,
click Next, verify choices on next screen, click Install
– 6. During installation, setup may restart system
several times
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Place Upgrade
– 7. Settings screen appears. To use the settings listed,
click Use express settings. To customize the settings,
click Customize and make your selections
– 8. If connected to the Internet, you are given the
opportunity to enter a Microsoft account
– 9. If signing in with a Microsoft account, follow
directions on screen to setup your OneDrive
– 10. Settings are applied and Windows Start screen
appears
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Windows 8.1 Upgrade from Microsoft
Website
• Steps to upgrade from Microsoft Website:
– Step 1: Go to windows.microsoft.com/en-
us/windows-8/upgrade-to-windows-8
• Download and run the Windows 8.1 Upgrade Assistant
– Step 2: If ready to proceed, click Next
– Step 3: Choose Keep Windows settings, personal
files, and apps and click Next
– Step 4: To buy the correct edition, click Order and
then click Checkout
– Step 5: Follow directions on screen and start
download
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Windows 8.1 Upgrade from Microsoft
Website
• Steps to upgrade from Microsoft Website:
– Step 6: After download completes, click Install now to
continue with installation
• If you click Install by creating media, you are given the
opportunity to create a bootable USB flash drive or
DVD that contains Windows setup files
• Also given the opportunity to save setup files to an ISO
file (ISO image or disc image)
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Steps to Perform a Windows 8.1 Clean
Install
• If no OS is installed on PC:
– Boot from Windows setup DVD or USB flash drive
and choose Install now
– Enter your product key, click Next
– Accept the license agreement, click Next
– Click Custom: Install Windows only (advanced)
– Select the drive and volume where you want to install
Windows
• If you want to use only a portion of the volume, click
New and enter the size of the volume
– Installation begins, system might restart several times
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Steps to Set Up a Windows Multiboot
• In a multiboot, each OS must have its own hard
drive partition with enough free space to hold OS
• Steps to set up a dual boot system:
– Step 1: Install Windows 7, leaving some unallocated
space for Windows 8.1 partition
– Step 2: To install Windows 8.1, make sure you have a
second partition with enough unallocated space
– Step 3: Start the Windows 8.1 installation by booting
from the Windows 8.1 setup DVD or USB flash drive
– Step 4: Select the partition or unallocated space to
hold the installation
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Steps to Set Up a Windows Multiboot
• After the installation, the boot loader menu
automatically appears and asks you to select an OS
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Figure 8-35 Boot loader menu in
a dual-boot environment

Use an Upgrade Product Key on a
New Hard Drive
• Sometimes you might need to use the upgrade key
to install Windows when replacing a hard drive
– Setup expects that an old OS is installed if you use
the upgrade product key
• Solutions:
– Reinstall Windows 7, install Windows 8.0 as an
upgrade, download and install Windows 8.1 upgrade
– When Vista was upgraded to Windows 7:
• Use Windows 7 upgrade DVD to perform a clean install
– Do not enter product key
• Install Windows 7 again but this time as an upgrade
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What to Do After A Windows
Installation
• Verify network access
• Activate Windows
• Install Windows updates and service packs
• Verify automatic updates are set as you want them
• Install hardware
• Install applications, including antivirus software
• Set up user accounts and transfer (or restore) user
data
• Turn Windows features on or off
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Verify That You Have Network Access
• To verify you have access to the local network:
– Open File Explorer or Windows Explorer and verify
that you can see other computers on the network
– Open Internet Explorer and try to navigate to websites
• If a problem arises, consider that the:
– IP address, wireless network, or network security
settings are wrong
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Activate Windows
• Microsoft requires product activation
– Ensures a valid Windows license has been purchased
• Windows 8.1 setup requires you enter a product key
during installation
• Not required to activate Windows 7 during install
– You have 30 days after installation to activate
• To activate Windows 7:
– Click the Start button and enter activate in the Search
box
– Windows Activation window opens
– Click Activate Windows
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Install Windows Updates and Service
Packs
• To view and manage Windows updates:
– Open the System window, click Windows Update
– Windows Update window will appear and will display
a message if updates are available
– Click Check for updates to check for updates
– Select the ones you want to install
• May not always list the ones needed the first time
• May take 2-3 passes to get the PC entirely up to date
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Install Windows Updates and Service
Packs
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Figure 8-44 View and manage Windows updates

Configure Automatic Updates
• To make sure update settings are as you want them
to be:
– Click Change settings in the left pane of the
Windows Update window
– Recommended setting is to allow Windows to
automatically download and install updates daily
– To change how updates are installed, click Updates
will be automatically installed during the
maintenance window
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Configure Automatic Updates
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Figure 8-45 Manage how and when Windows is updated

Update Virus and Spyware Definitions
• Windows Defender – Windows 8 pre-installed
antivirus/anti-malware software
• To verify Windows Defender settings:
– Go to Start screen and open Windows Defender
– Click the Update tab, then click Update
– After Defender has updated, click the Settings tab,
and if necessary click Real-time protection
• Make sure the Turn on real-time protection box is
checked
• If not, check the box and click Save changes
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Install Hardware
• Devices that were not automatically installed during
the installation must be installed
• As you install each device, reboot and verify
operation before moving on to next device
• You may need to:
– Install drivers for the motherboard
– Install drivers that came with any video cards
– Install the printer
– For other hardware devices, read and follow
manufacturer directions
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Install Hardware
• Device Manager: the primary Windows tool for
managing hardware
– You can disable or enable a device, update its
drivers, uninstall a device, and undo a driver update
• Ways to use Device Manager to solve problems:
– Try uninstalling and reinstalling the device
– Look for error messages offered by Device Manager
– Update the drivers
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Install Hardware
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Figure 8-48 Use Device Manager to uninstall, disable, or enable a device

Install Hardware
• Problems with Legacy Devices
– If the driver does not load correctly or gives errors, try
searching the Internet for a Windows 8 driver
– If you don’t find one, run the driver installation
program in compatibility mode
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Figure 8-50 By default, Windows does not
display legacy devices in Device Manager;
you show these hidden devices by using
the View menu

Install Applications
• Follow installation instructions for each application
that needs to be installed
• After an application is installed, check to see if any
updates are available for the application
• If you need to uninstall an application, open Control
Panel and click Programs and Features
– You can also uninstall a Windows 8 app by using the
Start screen or Apps screen
– Right-click the app tile and click Uninstall
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Install Applications
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Figure 8-56 Select a program from the list to view your options to manage the software

Set Up User Accounts and Transfer
User Data
• You can use the following to create user accounts:
– Windows 8 Settings Charm
– Computer Management console
– Windows 7 User Accounts applet in Control Panel
• To transfer user data for individuals or small
organizations:
– Use Windows Easy Transfer to copy user data and
settings
• For large corporations:
– Use the User State Migration Tool (USMT)
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Turn Windows Features On or Off
• Save on system resources by turning off Windows
features you will not use
• In the left pane of the Programs and Features
window, click Turn Windows features on or off
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Figure 8-57 Turn Windows
features on or off

Special Concerns When Working in a
Large Enterprise
• Working as an IT support technician in a large
corporate environment is different from working in a
small company or with individuals
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Deployment Strategies for Windows
• Deployment strategy: a procedure to install
Windows, device drivers, and applications on a
computer
– Can include the process to transfer user settings,
application settings, and user data files from an old
installation to the new installation
• A deployment strategy is essential when supporting
large corporations with hundreds of computers
• Microsoft suggest four deployment strategies based
on the number of computers to be deployed
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• High-Touch with Retail Media (recommended for
fewer than 100 computers)
– All work is done by a technician sitting at the
computer
– Copy setup files on setup DVD to a file server and
share the folder
– Server used in this way is called a distribution
server
– Use Windows 8/7/Vista Easy Transfer to transfer user
settings and user data
– User State Migration Tool (USMT) – command-line
tool that can be used in a domain environment
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• High-Touch with Standard Image (recommended for
100-200 computers)
– Drive-imaging software is used to clone the entire
hard drive to another bootable media (process is
called drive imaging)
– Can use tools in Windows Automated Installation
Kit (AIK) or third-party software
– Installing a standard image on another computer is
called image deployment
– Takes longer for initial setup but less time to install on
each computer
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• Lite-Touch High Volume Deployment
(recommended for 200-500 computers)
– Uses a deployment server on the network to serve up
the installation after a technician starts the process
– Files in installation include Windows, device drivers
and applications (called the distribution share)
– Technicians boot the computer to Windows PE
• Windows Preinstallation Environment is a minimum OS
• Can be installed on a USB drive
– Responses to prompts are stored in an answer file so
a technician is not required to sit through installation
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• Lite-Touch High Volume Deployment (cont’d)
– USMT is then used to transfer user settings,
application settings, and user data
– Microsoft Assessment and Planning (MAP) Toolkit
• Can be used to query hundreds of computers in a
single scan
• Automatically examines hardware and applications on
each computer to verify compatibility with Windows 7
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• Zero-Touch, High-Volume Deployment
(recommended for more than 500 computers)
– Most difficult to set up and requires complex tools
– Uses a push automation
• A server automatically pushes the installation to a
computer when a user is not likely to be sitting at it
– Automated with no user intervention required
– Can turn on a computer that is turned off and even
works on when no OS is installed
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Using the USMT Software
• General steps to use USMT:
– Download and install ADK or AIK software on a
technician’s computer
– Copy the USMT program files from technician’s
computer to source computer
– Run the scanstate command on source to copy user
files and settings to a file server
– Install Windows, device drivers, and applications on
the destination computer
– Run the loadstate command to apply user files and
settings from the file server to the destination
computer
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Summary
• Planning requires many decisions
– Purchase options, versions, 32-bit or 64-bit, hardware
requirements, installation method, and network issues
(user accounts, workgroup vs. domain)
• Windows installation choices
– Upgrade, clean install, or dual boot
– Also need to know how to install Windows on a new
hard drive using an upgrade license
– Steps for installing or upgrading Windows 8.0 are
about the same as those for Windows 8.1
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Summary
• After installation
– Verify network access, activate Windows, install any
Windows updates or service packs, verify automatic
updates is configured correctly, install hardware and
applications, create user accounts, and turn Windows
features on or off
• When working in a Large Enterprise
– Four deployment strategies are recommended
• High-touch with retail media, high-touch with a standard
image, lite-touch with high volume, and zero-touch with
high volume
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