2. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA) is an infection
of Staphylococcus (staph) bacteria. Staph
infections can cause bumps, sores, and blisters on
the skin. In severe cases, they can cause blood
poisoning and shock.
3. TYPES
Different types of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA) :
HA-MRSA (Healthcare-associated methicillin resistant
Staphylococcus aureus)
HA-MRSA is associated with infections that are contracted in
medical facilities, such as hospitals or nursing homes. It can
make infection through direct contact with an infected wound
or contaminated hands.
Also get the infection through contact with contaminated
linens or poorly sanitized surgical instruments. HA-MRSA
can cause severe problems, such as blood infections and
pneumonia.
4. CA-MRSA (Community-associated Methicillin
Resistant Staphylococcus aureus)
CA-MRSA is associated with infections transmitted
through close personal contact with a person who has
the infection or through direct contact with an infected
wound.
This type of MRSA infection may also develop because
of poor hygiene, such as infrequent or improper
handwashing
5. Symptoms of MRSA
MRSA symptoms can vary depending on the type of
infection. Such as-
• Rash
• Headache
• Muscle aches
• Chills
• Fever
• Fatigue
• Cough
• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain etc.
6. Risk factors for HA-MRSA
A person at an increased risk for HA-
MRSA if he:
•Was hospitalized within the past three
months
•regularly undergoes hemodialysis .
•Has a weakened immune system due to
another medical condition
•Lives in a nursing home.
7. Risk factors for CA-MRSA
A person at an increased risk for CA-MRSA if
he:
•shares exercise equipment, towels, or razors
with other people
•participates in contact sports
•works at a day care facility
•lives in crowded or unsanitary conditions
8. DIAGNOSIS
The following samples are cultured to
diagnosis the bacteria-
Wound culture
Sputum culture
Urine culture
Blood culture.
9. TREATMENT
The treatment of MRSA is done differently for HA-
MRSA & CA-MRSA-
Treatment for HA-MRSA
HA-MRSA infections have the capability of producing
severe and life-threatening infections. These infections usually
require antibiotics through an IV, sometimes for long periods
of time depending on the severity of your infection.
Treatment for CA-MRSA
CA-MRSA infections will usually improve with oral
antibiotics alone. If patient has a large enough skin infection,
doctor may decide to perform an incision and drainage.
Incision and drainage are typically performed in an office
setting under local anesthesia. Doctor will use a scalpel to cut
open the area of infection and drain it completely. Patient may
not need antibiotics if this is performed.
10. PREVENTION
•Washing hands on a regular basis. This is the
first line of defense against spreading MRSA.
•Carry hand sanitizer that contains 60 percent
alcohol.
•Keeping wounds covered at all times. Don’t
share personal items.
•Sanitize linens.
People with HA-MRSA are typically placed
in temporary isolation until the infection
improves. Isolation prevents the spread of this
type of MRSA infection. Hospital personnel
caring for people with MRSA should follow
strict handwashing procedures.
To further reduce their risk for MRSA,
hospital staff and visitors should wear protective
garments and gloves.
