This document summarizes a study on hepatitis virus types B and C among blood donors in Diyala Province, Iraq in 2015. The study tested 21430 blood donors and found that 0.5% of male donors and 0.04% of female donors were infected with hepatitis B, while 0.05% of male donors and 0.07% of female donors were infected with hepatitis C. Infection rates were highest among donors aged 36-45. Urban areas had lower infection rates than rural areas. The study concludes vaccination against hepatitis B and C should be considered in Iraq given high infection rates.

1. ‫الرحيم‬ ‫الرحمن‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫بسم‬
‫علما‬ ‫زدني‬ ‫ربي‬ ‫وقل‬
‫العظيم‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫صدق‬

2. A Survey Study Of Hepatitis
Virus Type B & C Among
Blood Donors During 2015
In Diyala Province
Research title

3. D E P A R T M E N T O F B I O L O G Y , C O L L E G E O F S C I E N C E S , D I Y A L A
U N I V E R S I T Y , *
D E P A R T M E N T O F B I O T E C H N O L O G Y , C O L L E G E O F S C I E N C E S ,
D I Y A L A U N I V E R S I T Y , * *
D E P A R T M E N T O F B I O L O G Y , C O L L E G E O F P U R E S C I E N C E S
E D U C A T I O N , D I Y A L A U N I V E R S I T Y ,
Mohammed Khalifa (Ph.D),
Raghad Ibrahim(MSc.) ,
Rafal Mohammed(BSc)

4. INTRODUCTION:
The hepatitis was the most diseases prevalent in the
world , it was the main reason of the deaths, surveys
studies had been shown the increase of virus spread at
last fifteen years ago that the percentage of infection in
Iraq with hepatitis type (B) about (1- 6.5%) ,and (0.07-
0.7%) for type(C).

5. INTRODUCTION
Hepatitis virus had several types (A,B,C,D,E,F,G)
Hepatitis type B was belong to a family of viruses was
Hepadnaviridae, with virus complex shape includes a cover
nuclear and envelops, a virus have spherical forms with
diameter (42nm) ,the genetic material of the virus was very
small and compressed ,the DNA was double stranded

6. INTRODUCTION
Hepatitis type (C) was found in the blood, seminal fluid and
vaginal secretions, but in very small quantities, the virus on
six type have been universally numbering it from1 to 6.
Virus type (C) was belonging to Flaviviridae family, Hepaci
genus. The virus shape was spherical capsule, the genetic
material of virus was RNA type, one strand had (9.4Kb)
length

7. INTRODUCTION
The transmission of viruses types (B &C) are varied,
including contaminated blood through transfusion with its
products, through sexual contact, using drug intravenously
and used of an infected person, such as a toothbrush,
sharpener and combs, also transmitted to newborn through
the mother before, during and after the birthing process or
as a result of breastfeeding

8. Aim Of Study
In order to light on virus type (B&C) in Iraq, we
were preparing a retrospective study to
determine the prevalence of the virus among
blood Donor in Diyala province in 2015.

9. MATERIAL AND METHOD
This study was conducted in Dyiala province
between 1 November 2015 to 28 February 2016 in
the Central Health laboratory , blood bank
department as a cross section study including
21430 donors from district and provincial , the
demographic information include age, address

10. Serologic Studies
In order to determine the hepatitis serology 5 ml of venous
blood were collected from each donor came to this blood
bank in Dyiala province and then the serum was separated
centrifugation and stored at -20C˚ until using Enzyme-
Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA; Bio Chick, Inc/UK
) for diagnose hepatitis virus type B and C and preformed
according the procedure

11. RESULTS
.
Table (1) Number of blood donor according to sex
No
.
Total number of
blood donor
Male % Female %
1 21430 18648 87 2782 13

12. Table (2) Number of infected by Hepatitis virus type (B&C)
Typeof
infection
No.ofMale % No.of
Female
%
B 91 0.5 1 0.04
C 10 0.05 2 0.07

13. Tab l e ( 3 ) t h e n u m b e r o f p e o p l e i n f e c t e d w i t h
h e p a t i t i s v i r u s a c c o r d i n g t o a g e g r o u p .
No. Age
(year)
Total
number
% Male
donor
% Infected
male
% Female
donor
% Infected
female
%
1 15-25 3837 17 3329 86 23 0.7 508 13 ----- -----
1. 26-35 6877 32 5995 87 29 0.5 882 12 1 0.1
2. 36-45 8928 42 7921 88 36 0.5 1007 11 5 0.5
3. 46-55 1788 8 1403 88 20 1 385 21 ----- -----

14. Tab le ( 4 ) N u mb er o f in f ectio n acco r d in g to
r esid en ce ar ea
No.
Total
of
blood
donors
%
No.
Male
donors
%
No
.Infected
male
%
No.Female
donor
%
No.
Infected
female
%
urban 13828 65 11436 82 28 0.2 2392 17 2 0.08
rural 7602 35 7212 94 62 0.8 390 5 22 5

15. CONCLUSION
The present study recommends Hepatitis(B,C)
virus vaccination should be considered carefully in
our developing country, due to high seropositivity
of Hepatitis virus in our province region we need
to routine screening for hepatitis virus must
recommended for every person in Iraq specially
type C.

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