1. DNA$Replication$Project$
By:$Breanna$Knox$
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2. 5’
3’
This is the DNA Strand
before the Helicase
comes through and
slowly breaks apart
the bonds from 5’ to 3’.
Key
Sugar
Phosphate
Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine
3’
5’

3. The helicase is moving
through the DNA strand
breaking the bonds and
splitting them apart so it can
then begin DNA replication.
In this diagram you can
see that the DNA strand is
unzipping itself to free the
bases so then the new
bases can connect to both
strands and duplicate into
two seprate strands of
DNA.

4. The leading strand is synthesized in the same direction as the movement of
the replication fork, and the lagging strand is synthesized in the opposite
direction.

5. This is DNA replication, which is a process where the DNA replicates itself
in preparation for cell division, if this process is messed up or goes wrong
there will be a mutation on the gene, an organism can only have up to 3
mutations or it can no longer live.

6. DNA$Replication$Vocabulary:$
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Telomeres:)Its$is$a$eukaryotic$chromosome$that$contains$a$single$molecule$of$DNA$
and$multiple$proteins.$Telomeres$are$very$important$to$the$life$of$the$cell,$because$
they$keep$the$ends$of$the$various$chromosomes$in$the$cell$from$accidentally$
becoming$attached$to$each$other.$
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Okazaki)Fragments:)Okazaki$fragments$are$when$the$replication$fork$opens$
enough$to$where$DNA$polymerase$can$begin$to$synthesize$a$section$of$
complementary$stand.$
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DNA)Ligase:)DNA$ligase$is$when$it$stiches$the$Okazaki$fragments$together$after$the$
DNA$polymerase$synthesizes$a$section$of$complementary$strands.$
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Telomerase:)Telomerase$is$an$enzyme$that$repeats$sequences$to$the$3’$end$of$the$
DNA$strand,$by$lengthening$this$strand$the$DNA$polymerase$is$able$to$complete$the$
synthesis$of$the$incomplete$ends.$
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Cancer:)Cancer$can$grow$indefinitely$and$85J90%$cancers$express$telomerase.$
Cancer$causes$the$cancer$stem$cells$to$divide$uncontrollably$and$makes$the$tumor$
grow.$
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Transplanted)Cells:)It$is$known$that$abnormally$high$levels$of$TERT$means$that$
you$suffer$an$elevated$incidence$of$cancer$and$this$is$cause$by$Transplanted$cells.$
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Cloning)and)Aging:)This$helps$the$DNA$strand$duplicate$and$become$two$separate$
strands$of$DNA.$

7. What%happens%in%DNA%replication?%
!
• In!DNA!replication!the!DNA!strands!are!ripped!apart!and!then!formed!into!
two!identical!strands!of!DNA.!