Social Science textbook points included!

1. POLITICAL PARTIES

2. MEANING
A POLITICAL PARTY IS A GROUP OF PEOPLE
WHO COME TOGETHER TO CONTROL
ELECTION AND HOLD POWER IN THE
GOVERNMENT. ITS AN IMPORTANT PART OF A
DEMOCRACY.

3. FUNCTIONS
ELECTIONS ARE CONTESTED.
DECLARATION OF POLICIES AND
PROGRAMMES.
MOULDING PUBLIC OPINION.
THEY STIMULATE INTEREST OF THE PUBLIC
FOR THE ISSUES BEFORE THE NATION.THESE
PARTIES USE ALL MEANS OF MASS
COMMUNICATION TO EDUCATE AND INFLUENCE
PUBLIC OPINION IN THEIR FAVOUR.

4. TO FORM AND RUN THE GOVERNMENT.
ROLE OF OPPOSITION.
ACCESS TO GOVERNMENT MACHINERY AND
WELFARE SCHEMES.
MAKING LAWS FOR THE COUNTRY.

5. HOW MANY PARTIES SHOULD WE
HAVE?
ONE PARTY MULTI PARTY
SYSTEM SYSTEM
BI- PARTY SYSTEM

6. ONE PARTY SYSTEM
• THERE IS NO COMPETITION IN THIS SYSTEM.
• THERE IS ONLY NOMINATION OF THE
CANDIDATES AND THE VOTERS HAVE TO ONLY
CHOOSE OR WRITE YES OR NO.
• SUCH PARTIES ARE FOUND IN CHINA , CUBA,
VIETNAM, NORTH KOREA.
• THE SUPPORTERS OF SINGLE PARTY SYSTEM
CLAIMS THAT THIS SYSTEM ENABLES THE
GOVERNMENT TO MOBILIZE EVERY CITIZEN TO
USE HIS TALENTS AND ENERGIES TO MOBILIZE
THE COMMON GOOD.

7. • THE NEGATIVE POINT OF THIS SYSTEM IS
THAT THE CHOICE IS LIMITED AND THERE
IS NO FREEDOM FOR THE VOTERS TO ELECT
THEIR CHOICE.
• EXAMPLE – CHINA, COMPETITION FOR
POWER IS NOT ALLOWED. (THE COMMUNIST
PARTY)

8. BI – PARTY SYSTEM
• IT MEANS A TWO PARTY SYSTEM.
• THIS TYPE OF PARTY SYSTEM WILL BE VERY
STABLE AS IT COMES TO POWER BY A
MAJORITY.
• SO THERE IS STABILITY IN THE COUNTRY AS
THE WINNING PARTY COMES TO POWER BY
MAJORITY VOTE.
• WE ALSO SEE A POWERFUL OPPOSITION
WHICH HELPS TO RUN THE PROCESS OF
DEMOCRACY IN A FAIR MANNER.

9. • THE NEGATIVE POINT IS THE SAME AS ONE PARTY
SYSTEM THE CHOICE IS LIMITED AS THERE ARE
ONLY TWO PARTIES.
• EXAMPLES – THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
AND THE UNITED KINGDOM

10. MULTI – PARTY SYSTEM
• SEVERAL PARTIES COMPETE FOR POWER
• MORE THAN TWO PARTIES HAVE A
REASONABLE CHANCE OF COMING TO
POWER EITHER IN THEIR OWN STRENGTH
OR IN ALLAINCE WITH OTHERS. IN INDIA
WE HAVE AN ALLAINCE FOR THE PAST TWO
DECADES.
• THIS SYSTEM ALLOWS A VARIETY OF
INTERESTS AND OPINIONS TO ENJOY
POLITICAL REPRESENTATION.

11. • ALONG WITH THE POSITIVE POINT OF THE VOTER
HAVING A CHOICE FROM THE MANY PARTIES TO
CHOSE AND FREEDOM TO CHOOSE THE BEST,
• THE NEGATIVE POINT IS SUCH A GOVERNMENT IS
MESSY AND NOT STABLE.
WHEN WE COMPARE WE COME TO A CONCLUSION THAT
DEMOCRACY IS A BETTER FORM OF GOVERNMENT
THAN OTHER FORMS OF GOVERNMENT BECAUSE IT
EVOLVES OVER A LONG TIME DEEPENING ON THE
NATURE OF THE SOCIETY AND ITS SOCIAL AND
RELIGIOUS DIVISIONS.

12. NATIONAL AND REGIONAL
PARTIES
• NATIONAL PARTIES - COUNTRY WIDE PARTIES.
THEY HAVE THEIR UNITS IN VARIOUS STATES.
RECOGNISED POLITICAL PARTIES.
THE ELECTION COMMISSION HAS LAID DOWN
DETAILED CRITERIA OF THE PROPORTION OF
VOTES AND SEATS THAT A PARTY MUST GET IN
ORDER TO BE A RECOGNISED PARTY.

13. VS Sampath is the new Chief Election Commissioner of India
•
Veeravalli Sundaram Sampath assumes office as the new Chief Election Commissioner in New Delhi. AP
Other Two Election Commissioners are Harishankar Brahma And Syed Nasim Ahmad Zaidi.

14. The Commission has decided that a political party shall
be eligible to be recognised as a National party if :-
• (i) it secures at least six percent(6%) of the valid
votes polled in any four or more states, at a
general election to the House of the People or, to the
State Legislative Assembly; and
• (ii) in addition, it wins at least four seats in the House
of the People from any State or States.
• OR
• it wins at least two percent (2%) seats in the House o
the People (i.e., 11 seats in the existing House having
543 members), and these members are elected from at
least three different States.

15. • Likewise, a political party shall be entitled to be
recognised as a State party, if :-
• (i) it secures at least six percent (6%) of the valid
votes polled in the State at a general election, either to
the House of the People or to the Legislative Assembly
of the State concerned; and
• (ii) in addition, it wins at least two seats in the
Legislative Assembly of the State concerned.
• OR
• it wins at least three percent (3%) of the total number
of seats in the Legislative Assembly of the State, or at
least three seats in the Assembly, whichever is more.

16. THERE ARE SIX NATIONAL
RECOGNISED PARTIES IN THE
COUNTRY.
• INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS.
Chairperson Sonia Gandhi
Parliamentary
Chairperson
Sonia Gandhi
Leader in Lok Sabha Sushilkumar Shinde
Leader in Rajya Sabha
Manmohan Singh
(Prime Minister)
Founded
December 28, 1885
(127 years ago)
Headquarters
24, Akbar Road, New
Delhi
Alliance
United
Progressive
Alliance (UPA)
Seats in
Lok Sabha 206 / 545
Seats in
Rajya Sabha 70 / 245

17. A O HUME MAHATMA JAWAHARLAL
GHANDHI NEHRU

18. INDIRA RAJIV P.V. NARASIMHA
GANDHI GANDHI RAO

19. SONIA MANMOHAN RAHUL GANDHI
GANDHI SINGH

20. IDEOLOGY
• SECULARISM-ALL RELIGIONS ARE EQUAL.
• WELFARE OF THE WEAKER SECTIONS AND MINORITIES.
• SUPPORTS NEW REFORMS BUT WITH A HUMAN FACE.
• FLAG AND LOGO
• SAFFRON REPRESENTS HINDUS
• WHITE REPRESENTS SIKHS
• GREEN REPRESENTS MUSLIMS
• THE HAND MEANS -
CONGRESS KA HATH SAB KE SAATH.
THE PARTY HAS RULED FOR MORE THAN 40 YEARS
AFTER INDEPENDENCE.

21. THE BHARATIYA JANATA PARTY
(BJP)
• ESTABLISHED IN THE YEAR 1980.
• IN THE YEAR 1977 CONGRESS WAS DEFEATED BY
BHARATIYA JANA SANGH ,BUT THE PARTY WAS
UNSTABLE AND WE SAW 3 PRIME MINSTERS
DURING THIS TIME FROM 1977-1980.
• A NEW PARTY WAS FORMED IN 1980 BY LEADERS
LIKE ATAL BIHARI VAJPAI AND L.K. ADVANI.

22. IT IS THE SECOND LARGEST
PARTY
Chairperson Rajnath Singh
Parliamentary
Chairperson
L.K.Advani
Leader in Lok Sabha
Sushma Swaraj
(Leader of Opposition)
Leader in Rajya Sabha
Arun Jaitley
(Leader of Opposition)
Founded December 1980
Preceded by Bharatiya Jana Sangh
Headquarters
11 Ashoka Road,
New Delhi, 110001
Alliance
National
Democratic
Alliance (NDA)
Seats in Lok Sabha
116 / 545
Seats in
Rajya Sabha 49 / 245

23. ATAL BIHARI L.K.ADVANI NITIN
VAJPAI GADKARI

24. RAJNATH SINGH NARENDRA MODI

25. IDEOLOGY
• HINDUTVA
• THE DEMANDS OF THE PARTY ARE
1. WANTS FULL TERRITORIAL AND POLITICAL
INTEGRATION OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR WITH INDIA.
THE REMOVAL OF ARTICLE 370.
2. WANTS A HINDU STATE.
3. UNIFORM CODE FOR ALL PEOPLE LIVING IN THE
COUNTRY IRRESPECTIVE OF RELIGION(MARRIAGE
LAWS),
4. BAN ON RELIGION CONVERSIONS.
5. NUCLEAR POWER

26. FLAG AND LOGO
• THE SAFFRON COLOUR OF THE FLAG DENOTES
THE HINDUS.
• THE GREEN COLOUR DENOTES THE PROSPERITY.
• THE LOTUS IS
THE SACRED FLOWER
OF THE HINDUS.
THE LOGO IS THE LOTUS.

27. BAHUJAN SAMAJWADI PARTY
Chairperson Mayawati
Secretary-General
Satish Chandra
MishraDr. Suresh
Mane, Naseem
Uddin Siddiqui,
Swami Prasad
Maurya
Leader in
Lok Sabha
Rajesh Verma
Leader in
Rajya Sabha
Mayawati
Founded 1984
Headquarters
12, Gurudwara
Rakabganj Road,
New Delhi -
Seats in Lok Sabha
21 / 545
Seats in
Rajya Sabha 15 / 245
Seats in UP
Legislative
Assembly
80 / 403

28. MAYAWATI KANSI RAM Dr.B.R.AMBEDKAR

29. IDEOLOGY , FLAG AND LOGO
• BAHUJANS MEANS HARI JANS,
• MAIN AIM IS THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SC, ST,
AND THE OBC GROUPS.
• PARTY WAS ESTD. IN THE YEAR 1984
BY KANSI RAM,
• HE WAS SUCCEEDED BY MAYAWATI.
• FLAG IS BLUE IN COLOUR
• LOGO ELEPHANT WHICH IS WHITE.
• MAJOR PARTY OF UTTAR PRADESH.

33. COMMUNIST PARTY OF INDIA-MARXIST (CPI-M)