This document introduces the concept of open design. It provides examples of open design projects in various fields such as web design, fonts, architecture, and hardware. Open design refers to projects that can be shared digitally and compiled or manufactured locally. It emphasizes sharing, collaboration, and open licenses. True open design involves a community designing through an open process, not just a single designer publishing a file online. It requires a shift to "metadesign" where the community and process are open-ended.

1. Open P2P Design
Enabling Design 2.0 through
Open Processes, Systems, Tools
and Projects
Massimo Menichinelli
Roger Pitiot
Day 01:
Introduction to November 25th-27th 2009
Open Design NTU, Singapore
http://www.workshop.colab-design.org/
http://openp2pdesign.org

2. 01.
What is Open Design?

3. It started with Free Software/Open Source and P2P
* Software Development
* Information / Knowledge
* Open Access, Open Process and Open Content
* P2P Dynamics and horizontal networks instead of hierarchies
--> The dynamics that are shaping Internet
Fre Software, Open Source and
P2P as promising way to organise
communities

4. Let`s try to explain Open Source...
Information
Open Cola!
compiled into a http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenCola_(drink)
product

5. But if you don`t like Cola we have also Beer...
Information
compiled into a Free Beer!
http://freebeer.org/
product

6. Free Software/Open Source and P2P are just breaking into
other disciplines...
* Open Source Everywhere
http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/11.11/opensource.html
* Open Publishing
* Open Content
* Open Biotechnology
* Open Source Religion
* Open Cola / Open Beer
* Open Money
* Open Design
* ...
Fre Software, Open Source and
P2P as promising way to organise
communities

7. What is Open Design?
a project published with a license that facilitates its sharing
and that can be “compiled” or “manufactured” locally
* sharing
* collaboration
* open licenses
* code --> artifact
Open Design refers to every kind of design projects that can
be shared in a digital format over a network

8. What kind of open design projects?
Open Web Design repositories:
http://www.openwebdesign.org/
http://www.oswd.org/
http://osdnetwork.org/
http://www.opendesigns.org/
And all the open source software themes, templates,
Frameworks, libraries...
It's Open Web Design! GPL, LGPL, CC, ...

9. What kind of open design projects?
Open Fonts libraries:
http://www.theleagueofmoveabletype.com/
http://openfontlibrary.fontly.org/
http://openfontlibrary.org/
http://www.typeforge.net
(Free as in Free Beer, and sometimes Free Speech)
http://www.fontsquirrel.com/
It's Open Font Design!
http://scripts.sil.org/OFL

10. What kind of open design projects?
Open Processing sketches repository:
http://www.openprocessing.org/
...
And all the projects that uses Arduino
or Processing and are released under
an open license:
http://harkopen.com/projects
...
It's Open Interaction Design! GPL, LGPL, CC, ...

11. What kind of open design projects?
Open Architecture for markets:
http://architecture.mit.edu/house_n/projects.html
http://www.openprototype.com
Open Architecture for Humanity
http://openarchitecturenetwork.org/
http://os-house.org/
http://www.solaroof.org/
http://studiowikitecture.wordpress.com/
It's Open Architecture! CC, ...

12. What kind of open design projects?
Open Cinema / Open Movie:
http://www.elephantsdream.org/
http://www.bigbuckbunny.org/
http://durian.blender.org/
http://www.thecosmonaut.org/
http://thisoneisonus.org/
...
It's Open Movie Design! ...and also Open Game Design!
CC

13. 02.
Open (Product) Design
cases

14. Designing Open Collaborative projects: Thinkcycle
http://www.thinkcycle.org (now closed)
http://web.media.mit.edu/~nitin/thesis/
This is... Open
Design!

15. Designing Open Collaborative projects: Instructables
http://www.instructables.com/
This is... Open
Design!

16. Open Design: Ronen Kadushin
http://www.ronen-kadushin.com/Open_Design.asp
Open Design
from a single
Designer

17. Open Car Projects
http://ecars-now.wikidot.com/
http://www.theoscarproject.org/
http://www.osgv.org/
http://www.cmmn.org/
http://cair.wikia.com/wiki/OSCav
http://www.evproduction.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page
http://www.oavp.org/
http://www.40fres.org/Wiki.jsp?page=Open%20Source%20car%20design
http://ostatic.com/blog/riversimple-to-unveil-open-source-car-in-london-this-month
http://ostatic.com/blog/german-design-frm-calls-its-car-concept-open-source
http://ostatic.com/blog/genivis-open-source-car-infotainment-eforts-ramping-up
http://electricandhybridcar.com/do-it-your-self-conversions/automobile20-open-source/
http://blogs.sfweekly.com/thesnitch/2009/08/open_source_carmaker_to_build.php
So many projects!

18. Open Netbook
http://www.viaopenbook.com/
Open Design from an
enterprise

19. Open Design: OpenMoko
http://www.openmoko.com / http://www.openmoko.org
Source: http://www.openmoko.com
Open Design
from an
enterprise

20. Open Design: OpenMoko
http://www.openmoko.com / http://www.openmoko.org
Source: http://www.openmoko.com
It's also Open
Source Software!

21. Open Design: OpenMoko
http://www.openmoko.com / http://www.openmoko.org
It's even Open Source: http://www.openmoko.com
Hardware!

22. Open Design: Bug Labs
http://www.buglabs.net/
It's Open Design,
It's Open Design! Source http://www.buglabs.net/
...and a Meta-
Hardware, Software product

23. Open Design: Bug Labs
http://www.buglabs.net/
Source: http://www.buglabs.net/
It's Open Design,
It's Open Design! ...and a Meta-
Hardware, Software product

24. Open Design: Bug Labs
http://www.buglabs.net/
Source: http://www.buglabs.net/
It's Open Design,
It's Open Design! ...and a Meta-
Hardware, Software product

25. So Open (Product) Design is...
* a lot of diferent kind of projects
* in its frst steps
* starting from, using and including Open Source Software /
Open Hardware
* working well when project and artifact are code/digital
* still developing tools, business models, processes and
systems when the artifact is a physical good
* limited to share a fnished project rather than designing it
collaboratively right now

26. What is Open Design, for rival goods?
a distributed system of design & manufacturing
based on:
* sharing
* collaboration
* open licenses
* open and distributed projects
* open and distributed manufacturing technologies
A system of
agents that:
* use * distribute
* design * manage the
* manufacture end-of-life
* market * ...

27. Current approach to Open Design projects
* very few single designers initiatives and designers interested
* recent communities (very few succesful ones)
* enterprises, hackers more interested in the hardware
* fabbing technologies developed by hackers
--> let people design a project and then just publish it online
--> lack of new tools, processes, systems that enable
designers and users in developing open design projects
Is it just publishing a fle
online?

28. 0.3
How can we start an Open Design
project?

29. Open Design actually is Metadesign
* a community is designing, not just a single designer
* the process is open, and therefore out of control
* the process ideally never stops
--> We need Metadesign within single Open Design
projects
--> We need Metadesign for making Open Design
possible
Shift of focus: from Product
Design to Metadesign

30. The community is the diference
between Open and Closed projects
Just look at the following pictures...
We need to start from a
Community, not from a
product!

31. Innovation in a closed, hierarchical, proprietary, linear project
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Microsoft_Windows

32. In an Open P2P non-
linear project
Source: http://futurist.se/gldt/

33. Social Network Analysis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network_analysis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network_analysis_software
Social network analysis views social relationships in terms of
network theory about nodes and ties. Nodes are the individual
actors within the networks, and ties are the relationships
between the actors. The resulting graph-based structures are
often very complex.
* networks, connections
* direction, weight
* structure
The scientifc way of
analysing a community

34. Social Network Analysis
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network

35. A simpler way to analyse a community...
Some questions about its specifc activity:
* subject (the community)
* object (of the activity)
* rules [part of the platform]
* roles (division of labour) [part of the platform]
* artifacts (material, immaterial, cognitive) [part of de platform]
* larger community (with which interacts)
* participation:
* top-down
* bottom-up
* marketplace
* reputation levels
In order to understand
for who and with who
we design!

36. Reputation Levels
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legitimate_peripheral_participation
Knowledge (tacit or explicit) is what shape an open community: an
horizontal structure instead of an hierarchical one, an open and peer-
to-peer one as a result of all the interactions and of its history and
reputation
information --> knowledge --> reputation --> organization

37. Any questions or comments?

38. Thank you!
Massimo Menichinelli
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