This paper describes the status of local e-government in Indonesia using the United Nations e-government benchmarking model. Using data from the Indonesia Ministry of Internal Affairs, we examined 353 local government websites from early March to the end of May 2011. The results show that the majority of local government websites (193) are still at the emergence stage, 98 are at the enhanced stage, 61 are at the interactive stage, and only one local government website has achieved the transaction stage. None of the local e-government websites have moved to the final stage of e-government according to the UN model. Our findings also show that some local government websites are not well managed and maintained and that local government websites do not comply with central government standardization requirements outlined in the e-government blue print

1. BENCHMARKING INDONESIAN LOCAL E-GOVERNMENT
Authors:
Nurdin Nurdin
Rosemary Stockdale
Helana Scheepers
Faculty of Information and
Communication Technologies
Swinburne University of Technology
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July 2012 Swinburne University of Technolgy

2. Definitions
E-Government: “a web-based information system which
provides online services and an interaction channel” (Al-
Haddad, Heyland, & Hubona, 2011, p. 1)
Benchmarking: “a process whereby an
organization evaluates its operations by
comparison to similar organizations” (Mosse &
Whitley, 2009, p. 155)
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July 2012 Swinburne University of Technolgy

3. E-Government evaluation Model
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4. Evaluation Criteria Based on UN (2008) E-government
Benchmarking Model
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5. Indonesian Government Hierarchy
Based on Regional Autonomy Law No. 32/2004
- Provinces are functioned as the coordinator of regencies and cities level. Provinces do
not have authority to mandate regencies and cities to adopt certain policies
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6. E-government in Indonesia
 2000 - The central government enacted President Decree No.
50 in 2000 concerning Indonesia Telematic Coordination Team
(TKTI) to coordinate the development of information and
communication technology (ICT) in government and private
sectors
 2001- The central government issued President Instruction No.
6/2001 concerning Indonesia’s five-year National Information
Communication and Technology Action Plan to encourage the use
of ICT to empower citizens, increase their welfare, reduce
poverty, and eliminate the digital divide.
 2003 - the Indonesian government launched Presidential
Instruction No. 9/2003 to establish an ICT Coordinating Team
( TKTI = Tim Koordinasi Telematika Indonesia) to coordinate and
develop of ICT within government, business, and citizens as well
as the use of ICT for better development
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7. E-Government in Indonesia: continued
 2003 – The central government launched Presidential
Instruction No.3/2003 to officially adopt and implement of
e-government within government institutions
 2004 – Ministry of Information and Communication
provides E-Government implementation Blue Print
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8. Methodology
- We use data from Indonesia Ministry of
Internal State affairs (Depdagri, 201)
- There are 489 regencies and cities within 33
Indonesia provinces
- data collection from early March to end of
May 2011
- We use criteria in table 2
- A regency or city is classified into a stage if it
has minimum 3 criteria out of five
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9. Findings
 From the 489 local governments we
examined we found that:
- 424 local governments have websites of which
353 are accessible.
- 74 websites were offline (it has a website but
we couldn’t accessed
- 62 local governments did not have websites at
the time of data collection
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10. Findings: continued
 Emerging : 353 (55%) regencies and cities
 Enhance : 193 (28%) regencies and cities
 Interactive : 98 (17%) regencies and cities
 Transaction : 1 city (Denpasar)
 Connected : Nil
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11. Findings: continued
 Most local e-government is still at an emerging stage merely
showing websites, and some websites are not managed and
maintained according to e-government blue-prints
(standardizations) (Depkominfo, 2004)
 Some local government websites are managed by different
departments such as Regional Secretary Office (SEKDA),
Department of Regional Development Planning (BAPEDA), and
private companies instead managed by the local government
Communication and Information department as required by the
blue print.
 Different use of domain names, such as “org” and “com” instead
of “go.id” (government formal website domain name).
 Lack of maintaining which includes:
- out of date information such more than three months are not
updated
- , inaccuracy
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12. Findings: continued
 Lack of maintaining which includes:
- out of date information such more than three
months are not updated
- information in accuracy, such as website
names, downloadable information is not available
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13. Discussion
After almost a decade of Presidential Instruction No.3/2003
concerning the National Policy and Strategy of e-government
implementation was launched, most local governments are
still at emerging stage which impacts:
e-government might not able to provide significant benefits
for both citizens and the local government
in efficiency use of government budget because the e-
government at emerging level might not compatible with
financial value that has been invested.
lack of standardization of e-government implementation
across regencies and cities.
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14. Implications
These findings can assist the Indonesian
government and policy makers to understand the
current state of local e-government in Indonesia
and take some actions such as:
Redesign policies and strategies regarding e-
government implementation within local
governments
establish strong policies and regulations regarding
e-government implementation
Form a task force to monitor and evaluate the e-
government implementation
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Minh City Vietnam on 14
July 2012 Swinburne University of Technolgy

15. Conclusions
 local e-government in Indonesia can only be grouped in
four stages; Emerging, Transactional, Interactive, and
Transactional, not five stages.
 the highest stage of local e-government development in
Indonesia is transactional
 Most of Indonesia local e-government are emerging
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July 2012 Swinburne University of Technolgy

16. Limitation & Future Research
 Since our study only use online data from local
government websites, it is required to investigate
e-government development using a more in
depth evaluation within the government
organizations.
 It is also required to understand why some local
governments have yet to adopt functional
websites despite policies and regulations to do so
having been launched by the central government
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July 2012 Swinburne University of Technolgy

17. Suggestions
&
Questions?
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July 2012 Swinburne University of Technolgy