2. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Environmental Pollution is one of the most
serious challenges. It is the introduction of
contaminants into the natural environment
that causes adverse change. The pollutants
can be in form of chemicals, energy like
sound and heat. The contamination of the
physical and biological components of earth/
atmosphere system to such extent that
normal environmental processes are
adversely affected can be referred as
Environmental Pollution.
3. TYPES OF POLLUTION
1) AIR POLLUTION
2) WATER POLLUTION
3) SOIL POLLUTION (Our topic)
4) NOISE POLLUTION
5) RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION
6) THERMAL POLLUTION, etc
4. SOIL POLLUTION
Land/Soil is one of the most important natural
resources. It is the habitat of all the animals and
plants. Its is the base of all the ecosystem,
infrastructural development, and also a source of
mineral and nutrients for plants. Mixing of
pollutants in the soil with causes very harms to the
quality of the soil as well as the environment is
know as Soil Pollution. Its is caused due to
dumping of non-biodegradable substance,
chemicals, poisonous gases, etc in the soil. There
is a lot of health risks from contaminant soil,
vapours from contaminants, etc.
5. TYPES OF SOIL POLLUTION
1) Specific Pollution: This type of pollution occurs in small areas
and have particular cause . Land pollution like these are normal
in cities, old factories, roadsides, sewage treatment stations, etc.
2) Widespread Pollution: This type of pollution covers extensive
areas and has various causes. It spreads contaminants in air, land
and water. And seriously effects human health and environment.
6. CAUSES OF SOIL
POLLUTION (page-1)
1) Domestic wastes: All the product used in our daily life
give of some waste that are disposed in an area.
2) Non-biodegradable wastes: Substances like plastic,
glass, metal, bone, etc don’t decompose in natural and
causes continuous harm.
3) Excessive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizer:
Farmers use various pesticides to kill harmful insect
present in their farm and use chemical fertilizer to
increase productivity and fertility. But excessive
amount of these product can pollute the soil.
7. CAUSES OF SOIL POLLUTION (PAGE-2)
4) Industrial wastes: While produces various objects for
human use industries emit a lot of waste products. The
waste product is thrown somewhere without its proper
management. Which result as adverse effect on soil
quality.
5) Biological weapons: Biological weapons are used by
many countries during war. It by various means can
contaminate soil and can damage the soil of a huge
area.
8. EFFECTS OF SOIL POLLUTION (page-1)
1) Diseases: Polluted land attracts various animals like flies,
mosquitoes, mice, etc. They can transmit various type of
diseases like malaria, cholera etc. Harmful mineral present in
soil like lead can cause nervous related diseases. Chemicals
present in soil can cause cancer, leukemia, etc.
2) Decrease in soil fertility: Chemical fertilizer and pesticides can
destroy the nutrients present in soil and decrease soil quality.
Plants cannot grow well in these polluted soil. It also plays a
role in desertification.
3) Species extinction: Soil contamination is one of the main
causes that could trigger the sixth mass extinction event in history
the population of land vertebrates fell by 38 % between 1970 and
2012 .
9. EFFECTS OF SOIL POLLUTION (PAGE-2)
4) Water and air pollution: In 21st century, Soil
degradation released about 3.4 to 4.4 billion tonnes of
CO2 into the atmosphere. The chemical in the soil get
washed by the rain and are mixed with various water
resources.
5) Population displacement: Many people have
migrated from their land because of soil pollution .
The whole island of Gruinard was contaminated
during WW2 because of biological weapons. Cities like
Pripyat had to be emptied due to contaminated
environment.
10. MEASURES TO CONTROL SOIL
POLLUTION (page-1)
1) Improvement in Agriculture: Use of harmful
chemical fertilizers should be replaced by compost
manure, farm yard manure, etc. Use of pesticides
and insecticides should be minimized Farmers
should be well educated and trained .
2) Proper waste disposal : Domestic wastes must be
disposed properly. We should follow 3Rs concept
in our life. There should be proper drainage
system for disposal of excreta.
11. MEASURES TO CONTROL SOIL
POLLUTION (page-2)
1) Planting Plants: As, Natural disasters like flood, landslide,
mudslide, erosion can also cause soil pollution,
Afforestation and reforestation should be practiced.
2) Managing Industrial wastes: Radioactive material from
industries should be properly disposed. If possible
chemicals and wastes from factories and industries should
be turned into harmless forms before disposal.
3) Awareness : Awareness programmes should conducted to
aware people about the adverse effect of soil pollution on
their life and work.
