Baroque art for 3ºESO

1. Baroque art
3º ESO History

2. The baroque features
• Artistic and cultural movement. (17th – 18th)
• Aesthetic values base on:
• Motion and complexity: curve and convezx shapes
• Shapes created through light and color
• Preference for realism, emotion and move instead of the idealisation of
renaissance.
• Drama and symbolism
Bernini: “Beata Ludovica Albertoni”

3. Caravaggio: “The entombment of Christ”
17th century
Van der Weyden: The descent of Christ.
15th century

4. Religious propaganda
• Historical context of Counter-
Reformation
• Protestants don`t venerate icons,
don’t accept all the sacraments,
don’t accept the role of Saint
Mary as a mother of God.
• Catholic church reinforce their
traditions:
• Depiction of miracles
• Mystic ecstasy
• Martyrs
• Churches extravagantly decorated,
divine objects surrounded by
grandeur and splendour.
Santa Maria de Los Arcos
(Navarra)

5. Caravggio: The beheading of Saint John
Baptist.
José Ribera: “The martyr Saint
Bartholomeu”

6. Art serving power
• Was the art of the Absolute Monarchies:
• Depictions of the magnificence and absolute power of the monarchs.
• Monumental architecture: Elegant palaces as symbol of royal power.
• In the Protestant Europe art served the rich bourgeoisie:
• Merchants began commissioning works of art.
• Works of art reflected every day life: Portraits, domestic settings, flowers…

7. Vermeer: “The milkmaid”
Dutch baroque.
Oil-on-canvas
Scene of everyday life, high detail. Interior.

8. Diego Velázquez: “The Prince Baltasar
Carlos”
Oil-on-canvas.
Depiction of the power of the absolute
monarchy

9. Jacint Rigaud: Portrait of Louis XIV

12. Architecture and sculpture
• Sense of movement: curved cornices, broken pediments, elliptical and
oval shapes into floor designs.
Borromini: San Carlo alle Quattro
Fontane

13. • Interiors: Effects of light and shade, elaborately decorated , Solomonic
columns and impressive domes.
Bernini: Baldachin of Saint Peter
(Rome)

14. • Rome was the capital of Baroque style due to the architects Bernini
and Borromini
• In Paris huge palaces were built such as Versailles, designed by Le
Vau, Mansart and Le Notre.

15. Sculpture
• Movement and naturalism
• Used curved lines, numerous
folds of clothing make the
sculptures more dynamic
• Marble and bronze most
popular materials
• Favourite scenes:
mythological and religious
• Most recognised artists:
Bernin, Giardon or Pietro
Tacca.
Bernini: Kidnapping of Persephone

17. Bernini: Apollo and Daphne
Pietro Tacca: Phillip IV on horseback

18. Girardon: Apollo Served by nimphs

19. Architecture and sculpture in Spain
• Art commissioned by church, nobles and general public
• 18th century period of splendour in the Spanish
baroque
• Sculpture: polychrome wood, focused on religious
subjects
• Extreme realism: highlighting dramatic expressions,
emaciated faces, pain and suffering
• Main sculptors: Gregorio Fernández, Pedro de Mena,
J.Martínez Montañes, Alonso Cano, J. de Churriguera,
Francisco Salzillo.
Pedro de Mena: Magdalena
penitente.
Gregorio Fernández: Cristo yacente

21. Salzillo: The fall
Alonso Cano: San
Diego de Alcalá.

22. Gregorio Fernández: Christ tide to the column

23. José de Churriguera: San Esteban Altarpiece

24. • Architecture:
• Spanish baroque had more regular structures
• Opulent and splendid façades were added in old buildings
• New convents and churches were built
• Many existing cathedrals renovated
Cathedral of Saint Mary (Murcia)

25. Pedro de Ribera and Hermanos
Churriguera: Real hospicio de San Fernando
(Museo de Historia de Madrid)
Casas Novoa: Obradoiro façade

27. Alonso Cano: Façade of Granada’s cathedral

28. Granada’s cathedral

29. Spanish painting
• Contrast between the decline of the
empire (Politics and economy) and
the emergence of art and literature
(Spanish Golden Age)
• Themes: Religious, still lifes,
portraits, scenes of everyday life.
• Authors:
• 17th century 1st half: Velázquez,
Zurbarán, Alonso Cano, José de Ribera
• 17th Century 2nd half: Influenced by two
schools:
• Seville: Murillo, Juan Valdés Leal
• Madrid: Claudio Coello, Juan Carreño de
Miranda
Zurbarán: Dead nature
Murilo: Two
Women at a
window

30. Diego Velázquez
• Was born in Seville (1599 -
1660)
• Disciple of Francisco Pacheco
• At the age of 24 was
commissioned by the Count-
Duke of Olivares
• Court painter of Phillip IV
• Worked in all genres:
• Mythology, religion, portrait,
landscapes…

31. Diego Velázquez
• Technique characterised
by:
• Masterful use of light
and aerial perspective
• Complex compositions:
different planes and
sources of lights
• Realism of the scenes,
humanises the figures

32. The waterseller of Seville
Buffon Primo

34. Zurbarán
• Was born in Extremadura (1598 - 1664)
• Influenced by Caravaggio’s tenebrism
• Famous for religious paintings and “Still lifes”
San Hugo en el refrectorio de los Cartujos
Still life with vessels

35. Murillo
• Was born in Seville (1617 - 1682)
• Represented reality in a tender
and idealised light
• Themes: Religious scenes
(Inmaculadas), scenes of
everyday life (Pícaros)
Beggar boy (Flea catcher)

36. Ribera
• Was born in Xátiva (1591 – 1652)
• Worked as a painter in Italy, nicknamed as “Lo Spagnoletto”
• Influenced by Caravaggio and the crude drama of Spanish baroque
• Preference for religious themes.
Ticio
The martyrdom of Saint Phillip

37. The bearded woman The clubfoot boy