2. Roles for materials
◦ Presentation of language models, as in PPP
(presentation, practice, production)
◦ A source of activities for learner practice and
communicative interaction
◦ Reference source, e.g., for grammar rules,
vocabularies, pronunciation
◦ A syllabus – what to teach and when
◦ Support for less experienced Ts
6. provide realistic practice for Ss
closely to the learner’s need
offer models of real language
link classroom to the outside world
authentic cultural information about the
target culture
7. too difficult, little
comprehensible input (may be beyond the
learner’s ability)
Ss may feel frustrated, lose confidence
8. More comprehensible
Tailored to specific level of Ss
Tailored to specific pedagogic purposes, e.g., to
highlight past perfect tense
9. the language used may be artificial
comprehension may actually fall, as clues are
removed in simplification
Ss feel unrealistically confident
10. the language used may be artificial
comprehension may actually fall, as clues are
removed in simplification
Ss feel unrealistically confident