Marketing Communication Ethics

Marketing Communication Ethics
ETHICS IN MARKETING COMMUNICATION
As well as the entire business world, marketing has its own ethics problems.
Numerous marketing specialists or their representatives have consciously declared and adopted different engagements, declarations or codes of
rules regarding the necessity that marketing people consider ethics regulations and values, so that they become much more responsible towards
the members of society. These declarations or rules concern marketing practices in their ensemble or are guided towards certain specific fields.
Among these fields, a special place is occupied by marketing communication, which has to be guided by ethical regulations and moral values.
Key words: ethics, regulation, marketing, communication, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although not all companies can assume social responsibilities, there are numerous fields in which organisations are approaching the way in
which they understand and get involved in this kind of activities (for example, Kraft Foods company, with the program "Together for children",
having as an objective improving treatment and hospitalising conditions for children in Romania, Procter&Gamble company with the program
"Live, Learn and Develop yourself", having as goal helping children in need for support, JTI Romania, Vodafone etc., companies that either
initiate or support different activities and programs of social responsibility). Of course that the decision for organisations to get involved in
different activities of social responsibility belongs firstly to the managers of these organisations, respectively to those that choose the way and
modality of action, starting with their own conscious, because, in fact, "...the only guiding direction for a straight, correct conduct is the
irrefutably strong common sense or moral common sense feeling and our power to action on its basis as an initiative" (Ionescu, 2006).
As the entire business world, marketing reveals its own ethics problems.
In conditions of high business velocity, in the context of a continuously
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Marketing Ethics
Faculty of Business The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Assignment On Marketing Ethics Course code: MM2711 Course Title: Introduction
to Marketing Tutorial Group: TUT004 Year: 1 Semester: II (2011–12) Date: 22/2/2012 Submitted By: Submitted To: Name: Chu Wing Sze
Name: Dr. Simone Cheng Student ID No: 11222966D Tutor FB Faculty, HKPU Nestlé – Unethical Product Development Nestlé, the world's
largest food and nutrition company, has been providing customers with a wide variety of food and beverage categories. Nescafé, Milo, Perrier,
and Häagen–Dazs are all popular brands listed in its numerous production categories. However, behind the ... Show more content on
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The sale of coffee creamer with this logo places the health of infants and children at risk in a developing nation that already has extreme levels
of malnutrition. The Bear Brand logo is responsible for the deaths and developmental delay of many Lao children mistakenly fed inappropriate
products as breast–milk substitute. Even though Nestlé puts the statement "not to be used as a breast milk substitute" on Bear Brand coffee
creamer in three languages, English, Lao and Thai, since Loas is a multilingual country with more than 45 languages spoken, parents who
cannot read those three languages may misperceive and misuse Bear Brand coffee creamer as infant food by the logo of the product. After
analysis of Nestlé's unethical product development, Nestlé is recommended to implement the following measures: * Instantly prevent the use of
misleading logo in any context related to breast‐milk substitute * Design new pictogram to alert illiterate consumers that the product is not
breast– milk substitute to avoid further confusion * Make public apologize to show sincerity * Educate the public that sweetened condensed
milk cannot be used for feeding infant In conclusion, Nestlé misleading logo, which materially changes the product or impact on the buyer's
purchase decision proved

Marketing and Ethics (United Colors of Benetton) Essay
Often regarded as a leader in the multinational marketing industry, United Colors of Benetton continues to face the challenge of effectively
marketing clothes across racial, cultural, and religious borders. Renowned for using social issued–themed pictures to promote its brand,
Benetton has strayed from traditional marketing techniques to provide customers with an idea of the many issues that plaque societies from
continent to continent. This unique approach has been met with extreme emotions, and people have both praised and damned the Benetton
advertisements. Although the advertisements often are considered controversial, photographs that feature such images as human suffering and
sexual organs continue to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Maintaining Luciano Benetton's ability to transform "sweaters into messages, shirts into signs, and jeans into signifiers," the company sought out
an artist, not an advertiser who respected the rules of traditional marketing . Benetton hired Oliviero Toscani, a photographer who has earned
recognition from his edgy photography style. Toscani chose to use print and poster as his media, a very unusual advertising decision for a
clothing company. In addition, because television advertisements historically have cost retailers up to 62% of their advertising budgets, Benetton
initially refused to promote itself on television. They later agreed to do so only on specific networks outside of Italy, such as MTV in the U.S.2
At the heart of Toscani's basic advertising and marketing strategy was what he often referred to as a "communications strategy" based on the
diversity–focused slogan integrated into the United Colors of Benetton Campaigns. With this theme of unification, Toscani chose to transform
advertising into "news," paying close attention to current events.2 Because Benetton's clothes were sold around the world, the expenses incurred
to tailor campaigns to specific national markets would have been enormous. To reduce these high costs, Toscani attempted to bring the world's
markets together by using a single advertisement that would appeal to many cultures, races,

Ethical Issues Of The American Marketing Association Essay
Every day in the world, humans face ethical problems and must come to decisions. We use our beliefs of what we think is right and wrong to
come to an ethical decision in our day to day life. In the world of marketing and business people are faced with even challenging, complex
ethical issues. To help make reasonable ethical decisions business and organizations often make a code of ethics that relates to the business or
field as a guide on how you should conduct and make business decisions. Relating to my field of study, the American Marketing Association has
made one of these codes of ethics outlining key points and characteristics to go by to be successful and to act ethically in marketing. They cover
honesty, responsibility, fairness, respect, transparency and citizenship and how these characteristic and beliefs are key in being successful and
acting ethically. I will talk about the key point and why they are important to practice in business and marketing and the results and effect of not
acting ethically. The first thing the AMA code of ethics covers is honesty. In marketing, it is very important to tell the truth. This builds integrity
and trust throughout the company, with customers, society and shareholders. If you were not honest, this can result in losing trust with
employees. Losing trust with our employees can affect their work ethic, their willingness to do their obligations/ duties to the company and
effect their quality of the work. We must also practice

Marketing Ethics Assignment : Calvin Klein
Marketing Ethics Assignment
My first article that I ran into for my research on a business with ethical issues is the famous clothing line Calvin Klein. Calvin Klein is well
known to have a fashion line of high quality clothes for men and women. The reason why I think his practice is unethical is because they are
using sexually act and messages in ads to promote their brand of clothes. According to Armstrong, Kotler, "marketing system uses cultural
pollution in commercials to interrupt people 's minds with messages of materialism, sex, power, or status."(2017, Pg. 498) Calvin Klein has tried
to sell their clothing line by input sexual explicit text message through ads and media to draw in buyers. In the American Marketing Association
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Promote more causal dressing with a great line of clothes that can be worn by customer of all types. Just like David Hagenbuch stated in his
article, "Positive experiences will be remember then negative," (The Conversation, 2015)
My second article that I 'm doing for marketing with ethical issues is "Cancer Patients Vulnerable to Unethical Marketing." Cancer is a disease
that everyone is trying to prevent and more aware of now a days. People are willing to pay high dollar amount for medication either to stay away
and prevent cancer. Seth Augenstein stated in his article that "business is pulling in $88 billion annually, for cancer care in the U.S."(2015) Now
with that type of money being made, in my opinion, there will be some ethical issues problem occurring within the business. I believe that the
FDA plays a big part of this issue but is not really look into the marketing side of cancer–related products sold to patients by medical centers and
pharmaceutical. FDA is regulating cancer–related products but is not involved with the advertising side of the marketing. Cancer patients who
are seeking cures are the most vulnerable to misleading and misinterpreted testimony from medical centers. This is a great example of deceptive
practices stated that "deceptive packaging includes contents through subtle design, using misleading labeling, or describing size in misleading
terms."

Ethical Dilemma
Ethics, also known as moral philosophy, is a subdivision of philosophy, dealing with questions about morality. Societies, religions, professional
groups all around the globe have their own principles or standards of conduct, which are followed by their members (Davis, Fowler, &
Aroskar, 1997). Ethics is concerned with what is right, and what is wrong, good or bad, fair or unfair, responsible or irresponsible, it relates to
what we ought to do in terms of rights, obligations, and benefits to society, fairness, or specific virtues. It is not just about what the case is or
what is most acceptable or convenient (Preston, 1996). In the case study The Typo, writer is placed in a head of marketing position in a small,
struggling, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Oppositely subjective site of an ethical dilemma is when an emotional component has affected an individual's response the way a dilemma was
seen and settled (MacNiven, 1993). As a guide by solving ethical dilemmas moral judgements are used. Shaw at al. (2009, p. 28) highlights, a
moral judgement to be strong, 'it must be supportable by a defensible moral standard, together with relevant facts.' People are using moral
standards as a guide on what is right and what is wrong. To make morally strong, justifiable, right decision marketing manager of
pharmaceutical company should consider three factors. Firstly, moral judgement needs to be logical, therefore marketing manager should not
follow his personal preferences and feelings, instead he should look for motives and proofs to support the judgements. Logical judgements need
to match with our other moral and non–moral beliefs (Shaw et al, 2009). For that reason marketing manager should not simply follow his
personal preferences by keeping his job. He should consider option about informing doctors of typographical error, by doing so matching his
moral and non–moral beliefs. To be in a good position to make an informed judgment, marketing manager should collect as much as possible
evidence; for instance, what could happen if patients with acute or chronically gastrointestinal or diarrhoea problems will be taking

Time Frame And This Will Test The Hypotheses Across Time
time frame and this will test the hypotheses across time. Meanwhile, to help safeguard non–spuriousness, a set of control variables will be
incorporated in the data analysis section. Measures Employee training revolves around building strong teams, establishing rules, and connecting
with the company. To measure this, a previously used composite measure of questions would be used that ensures content validity. These
questions will have five response options that go from strongly agree (6) to strongly disagree (1) (Chiang, Back, and Canter 2005: 105). Some
questions have the answers of: always (5), usually (4), sometimes (3), rarely (2), never (1) (Chiang et al. 2005: 105–106). The responses to each
of questions are then averaged to create a scale, and a higher value means the more impact employee training has had on the individual. This
approach is preferable because there will be an understanding of the impact training has had on the thoughts of employees. There are no
drawbacks. Questions for Employee Training (Chiang et al. 2005: 105): 1. The company clearly communicates its goals and strategies to me? 2.
My responsibilities are clear. 3. I feel motivated to see the company succeed. 4. I received enough employee training to feel connected to the
company's mission. 5. Do you feel that employees are recognized as individuals? Dress codes are conceptualized as a factor that creates a safe,
and fair environment for employees to do their jobs. To measure this independent

Consumer behaviour in marketing ethics
Marketing can undoubtedly bring benefits to society, although some aspects of marketing may be questionable on ethical grounds. The aim of
this assignment is to raise criticism of marketing and show that consumer behaviour is affected by ethical issues. Do consumers really care about
marketing ethics?
Ethics is a complex concept to define, and there is an attempt made by contemporary theorists to highlight ethical behaviour in a marketing
context. Issues surrounding marketing ethics and social responsibility are inherently controversial. An area that causes particular dispute is the
question of the effect of ethical and unethical marketing activity in regards to the purchasing behaviour of consumers. According to the
contemporary theory ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The affects led to international outrage among consumers, activists, and international corporations. There were also reports of human rights
abuses, violence to labourers, and terrible working conditions within Nike's Asian organisations. The consumers hit Nike back with a string of
protests and small boycotts around the country. Nike's image was stained, the case in question highlights that there are consumers willing to take
a stance against theses corporations on ethical grounds.
In the case of McDonalds similar to Nike there are many organisations working against them to highlight ethical issues concerning the way in
which there organisations function. McDonalds market its products towards the younger generation some may argue the ones who are most
easily influenced. The marketing of McDonalds was based on the materialism that "bigger is better" such as the big Mac and super size meals.
They targeted children by introducing happy meals which included a toy character usually associated with Disney movies. There actions were
apposed by activists who raised the issue that there meal are not nutritious. They argued that the eating of food was historically the practice of
eating the healthiest possible food (bearing in mind the constraints of time and poverty)

Pepsi
Environmental Factors Paper
University of Phoenix
Christy Holley
Environmental Factors for PepsiCo PepsiCo, one of the leading beverage and snack companies in the United States and abroad, is affected by
both global and domestic environmental factors. These factors, along with changes in technology, all impact and shape the organization and
affect marketing decisions. The article "PepsiCo Pops for China," written by Ruthie Ackerman and published by Forbes.com, reviews Pepsi's
decision to invest billions into the Chinese market audience. This paper will review the article, identify environmental factors that shape the
organization and impact marketing decisions, and discuss how technology plays a role in those decisions. Alternatives ... Show more content on
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Comparing Views
Social responsibility and ethics Ackerman (2008). seems to believe that PepsiCo's move to invest heavily in the Chinese market can appear to be
"bullish," yet "optimistic." The author points out negatives concerning the venture, such as the value of the dollar in the market, economic
downturns and sinking financial profit reports. However, perception of the author's view of the company's social responsibility is high, since she
states that investing in China will create new employment opportunities due to expansion of R& D facilities, manufacturing capacity and sales
force. "Thousands of new jobs are expected to be created in China because of the investments" (Ackerman, 2008, para. 11). Ethically speaking ,
providing employment to the unemployed, especially in poor regions, will increase quality of life for the Chinese, while at the same time,
increasing revenue as more people are able to afford to purchase Pepsi products. Not only that, Ackerman states that the company is "business
driven," which typically suggests a business model where a company takes ethics into mind. Since Pepsi has been able to invest in global
markets, created jobs and improved quality of life standards in the past, the company shows that it holds to an ethical guideline by striving to
repeat success in new global markets. Another view of Pepsi's social

Essay On APES 110
Comparing the FIA code of Ethics with International Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants APES 110
The APES 110 and the FIA code of ethics for professional accountants are more similar than different even though there are a number of
differences which is important. Nevertheless, this piece of writing will focus mostly on the differences between the two codes of ethics, in a lot
of cases, applying the codes to similar information pattern will give in similar results. Furthermore there are some difference and drafting
conventions. For APES 110 it consists of three parts: Part A applies to all members. In this part of the code it explains the overarching
accountability to perform in the public interest and the fundamental principles of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Professional accountants are required to comply with the fundamental principles of APES 110 code and apply to the "conceptual framework
approach" in order to determine their compliance with the fundamental principles whenever they know that situation or relationships may
compromise their compliance. While the responsibility is on the professional accountant to do this, the bulk of APES 110 code of ethics explains
how the conceptual framework works in specific situations, for example when receiving gifts or other inducements form a superior may threaten
corporate accountants independence. (Catherine Allen, 2010). Like the FIA code, the APES 110 provides guidance for the more ordinary but
certainly not all applied situations. In all the other instance, once a threat is recognized, the APES 110 requires a professional accountant to
evaluate the significance of the threat and if the treat is irrelevant, no further evaluation is required, or if the threat is relevant than consider
whether safeguards could eliminate or adequately reduce the threat to an acceptable level. Despite the principles vs. rule argument, the APES
110 code of ethics does contain actually rules, in several instance the code states that the threat are so significant that no safeguards can be
functional to reduce or eliminate treats to an acceptable level for example, an audit team member could not own stock in his or her client and
apply safeguards to ease the threat to independence because the APES 110 code of ethics prohibits audit team members from investing in their
clients. (Catherine allen,

Ethical Issues With Ethical Marketing Essay
Issues with Ethical Marketing Ethical problems in marketing starts with conflicts and disagreements. Each party in the marketing transaction
brings expectations of how the business relationship will exist and how the transaction should be conducted. Some ethical problems in
marketing research aren't always the invasion of privacy and stereotyping. Selective marketing is used to discourage the demand from
undesirable markets or just by disenfranchising them altogether. Examples of unethical market is the exclusion markets such as gay, ethnic
minorities, and plus–size markets. Unethical marketing behaviors will cause legal troubles and a bad reputation. Here are some practices of
unethical marketing, in which all should be avoided. First, Exploitation, which is using scare tactics or hard sells against vulnerable consumers.
Second, Spamming which is the flooding a customer's voicemail, mailbox, email or any other means of communication with unwanted
messages. Third, bad mouthing the competition is talking down on values and benefits of your competion's product or service . (Hunt, S. D.,
Chonko, L. B., & Wilcox, J. B., 1984) Forth, Misleading Advertisement and Information, which is any exaggerated claim or dishonest promise
which will cause the customers to mistrust companies and spread that the product a failure. As companies conduct research they come into
contact with confidential and personal information, which comes at a level of risk for both the business and

Samsung's Core Business Ethics And Marketing Strategies
1. Introduction
LG has produced an exclusive mobile phone, The LG "K10". A revolutionary new device incorporating high–end design and features for a
relatively low cost to consumers. This assignment will endeavour to establish the firm's ability to sustain their existing status in producing an
affordable alternative to higher priced devices from their competitors'. Through detailed analysis examining the products specifications shall
establish LG's core business ethics and marketing strategies, focusing on:
customer requirements
current market trends
analysing competition
defining the market
marketing mix
sales and analytic statistics
LG electronics have made vast improvements through evaluating the buyers' market and redesigning the external structure of its device to meet
the current safety standards and customers' requirements. This questions the products durability and style characteristics established by the firms
campaign in delivering on their agreement to such claims of high quality of standards at low prices.
Hartley and Pickton (1999), declare these concepts are new and integration has never been achieved prior to because the process and technology
have not been available to facilitated it.
This logic is also integrated with new devices and concepts now used without years of durability or sustainability measures prior to production.
2. Discussion
Consumers are a global entity vying for high standards whilst researching and sourcing alternate

Ethicic Marketing: An Ethical Marketing Perspective
ETHICAL MARKETING: AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE *JAVED ALAM SHEIKH
ABSTRACT
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
The ethics of marketing is a feature of any marketing program. Ethical marketing is less of a marketing strategy and more of a philosophy that
informs all marketing efforts. It seeks to promote honesty, fairness, and responsibility in all aspects of marketing. Ethical marketing is not a hard
and fast list of rules, but a general set of guidelines to assist companies as they evaluate new marketing strategies. The objective of this paper is
simply to discuss the ethical marketing aspects from an Islamic viewpoint on the basis of marketing mix.
KEY WORDS: ETHICAL MARKETING BEHAVIOR, ISLAMIC MARKETING.
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
*Sr. Lecturer, Ghanshyam Binani Academy of Management Sciences, MIRZAPUR (U.P), INDIA.
1.1 INTRODUCTION: Generally, ethics refer to the way in which people relate in a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The relationship among factors that influence ethical behavior can be shown in a framework in which societal culture and norms, affect business
culture and industry practices, affect corporate culture and expectations–all of which affect and are affected by personal moral philosophy and
ethical behavior. Ultimately the nature and the principal of ethical marketing emerge. All the components have been discussed below in details:
.2.1FACTORS: It includes the Societal Culture and Norms, Business Culture and Industry Practices and the Corporate Culture and

Legal and Ethical Considerations in Marketing, Product...
Assignment 3: Legal and Ethical Considerations in Marketing, Product Safety, and Intellectual Property
Strayer University
LEG 500: Law, Ethics & Corp. Governance
Prepared for: Dr. Ellen Kapalko
03/16/2014
Research three to five (3–5) ethical issues relating to marketing and advertising, intellectual property, and regulation of product safety.
Marketing and Advertising
Every aspect of the marketing and advertising mix is subject to laws and restrictions. Every marketing manager will be confronted with how
they must address ethics and law. Each marketing executive knows that rarely are there cut and dry answers to ethical issues that will arise
during the normal course of business. (Lamb, McDaniel, & Hair, 2010). One ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The most annoying part of the ads is that the DTC advertising often features celebrity spokespeople, computer generated characters, or actors
portraying happy and satisfied patients. The FDA requires prescription drug makers to provide risk information in any promotion that qualifies
as a product–claim advertisement. (Keeping Watch Over Direct–to–Consumer Ads, 2013).
Determine who regulates compounding pharmacies under the current regulatory scheme, what the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) could /
should have done in this scenario, and whether the FDA should be granted more power over compounding pharmacies
The FDA and Compounding pharmacies
Who regulates compounding pharmacies under the current regulatory scheme?
The first element that we must address is what is compounding. Compounding is a practice in which a licensed pharmacist, a licensed physician,
or, in the case of an outsourcing facility, a person under the supervision of a licensed pharmacist, combines, mixes, or alters ingredients of a drug
to create a medication tailored to the needs of an individual patient. Compounded drugs are not FDA–approved. This means that FDA does not
verify the safety, or effectiveness of compounded drugs. Consumers and health professionals rely on the drug approval process to ensure that
drugs are safe and effective and made in accordance with Federal quality standards. (The Food and Drug Administration) What could / should

Marketing Ethics Into The Marketing Process
Ethical Marketing
Ethical marketing refers to the application of marketing ethics into the marketing process. Ethical marketing is about making marketing
decisions that are morally right. The ethics of the marketing decision can incorporate any part of marketing including sourcing of raw materials,
staff employment and product advertising and pricing. Sound marketing ethics are usually those that result in consumer satisfaction, with no
negative effect, with the goods and services being recognized or with the company producing them. Ethical marketing generally results in a
more socially responsible and culturally thoughtful business community. The concern with ethical issues has changed the attitude of the world
towards a more socially responsible way of thinking. This has influenced companies to market their products in a more socially responsible way.
Ethical marketing is less of a marketing strategy and more of a way of life that enlightens all marketing efforts. It seeks to promote honesty,
fairness, and responsibility in all advertising. Some businesses pursue ethical marketing because they feel that is what customers expect from
them. Some consumers buy products and services because they feel that the products, services, or companies are ethical. In response to this
consumer demand, organizations have increased their focus on ethical marketing. Marketing employees must be aware of the principles of self–
interest and personal virtues. As they make decisions they must

Ethics Of Marketing To Children
Ethics of Marketing to Children Advertisements are everywhere. They are a major part of modern day society. Whether it be a television
commercial, an internet banner, or a billboard, advertisements influence people of all ages, but they affect a certain age group much more than
others. Children ranging from toddlers to teenagers are exposed to thousands upon thousands of advertisements each year. Some of these
advertisements are damaging to children, while others are a positive influence. Advertisements can either be used as a tool or a weapon. Food
advertisements and manipulation strategies are both positive and negative, and how companies use them decides whether or not marketing to
children is ethical. The health and well–being of children ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Advertisements also affect a child's own identity because "advertising manipulates [children] through their insecurities, working to define
normality for them" (Source C). Children, especially pre–teens and teenagers, are essentially going through a multitude of crises with the most
prominent one being and identity crisis. Figuring out who one is, is a vital step towards adulthood and independence, and with advertisements
altering children's thoughts and ideas, their futures are not looking as bright. Without a sense of self, humans are nothing. They are simply
mindless creatures just trying to survive. They have no intellectual independence and therefore, inventions, ideas, and discoveries will begin to
slowly diminish. But, the manipulative ways of advertising can in facts be positive. With 15,312 promotions and public service announcements
seen by children and teens annually (Source A), the world has a high chance of new generations of innovators and environmental heroes. If
advertisements can, in a sense, manipulate children into doing positive things and taking actions, then yes, advertising to children is an
extremely clever thing to do, and will benefit not only the viewers, but the world in

An Ethical Basis for Relationship Marketing- a Virtue...
The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0309–0566.htm
An ethical basis for relationship marketing: a virtue ethics perspective
Patrick E. Murphy
Institute for Ethical Business Worldwide, Mendoza College of Business, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
Ethical basis for RM
37
Received May 2004 Revised January 2006
Gene R. Laczniak
Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA, and
Graham Wood
School of Management, University of Salford, Salford, UK
Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an ethical foundation for relationship marketing using a virtue ethics approach.
Design/methodology/approach – The approach is a conceptual one ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is our contention that RM is inherently an ethical activity, since enduring relationships cannot be built or sustained without a solid moral
foundation. Before moving on, it is important to define and clarify our view of relationship marketing. As Kotler and Keller (2006), Gummesson
(1999) and others have stated, RM has the aim of building mutually satisfying long–term relations with key parties – customers, suppliers,
distributors – in order to earn and retain their businesses. Norberg (2001) listed 14 definitions of RM taken from the literature during the last 15
years. Most of the definitions indicate that there are separate phases of a relationship such as its foundation and maintenance. Furthermore,
elements like trust, equity and involvement tend to foster this bond and contribute to long–term partner satisfaction. This paper is divided into
four parts. First, we examine the historical roots of relationship marketing. The second section characterizes both the American and European
views on RM. Third, we present a model of ethical relationship marketing and discuss its components. Within the model, the theory of virtue and
several relevant virtues that we believe are essential for successful RM are examined. In the subsequent discussion, we lay the groundwork for
those who might attempt to measure the presence of these characteristics in business and consumer partnerships that have been claimed to be
successful. Finally, we draw implications for

Ethical Issues Of Marketing : Marketing Ethics
Ethical issues in Marketing
– Marketing ethics deals with the moral principles behind the operation and regulation of marketing. Possible fundamental frameworks of
analysis for marketing audit are:
– Value–oriented framework, ethical problems on the basis of the values which they infringe honesty, autonomy, privacy, transparency.
– Stakeholder–orientated framework, analyzing ethical problems on the basis of whom they affect: consumers, competitors, society as a whole
– Process–orientated framework, analyzing ethical problems in terms of the categories used by marketing specialists; Research, price,
promotion, placement Specific issues in marketing ethics:
– Market research: ethical danger points in marketing research include: – Invasion of privacy – Stereotyping Market audience: ethical danger
points include – targeting the vulnerable children, the elderly – Excluding potential customers from the market: selective marketing is used to
discourage demand from undesirable market sectors or disenfranchise them altogether. Pricing ethics: list of unethical pricing practice: – Price
fixing – Price skimming – Price discrimination – Price wars – Bid rigging – Dumping
– Advertising and promotion, ethical pitfall: Issues over truth and honesty. Issues with violence, sex and profanity. Taste and controversy and
negative advertising
CRM systems are customer relationship management platforms. The goal of the system is to track, record, store in databases, and then the

What are Marketing Ethics?
Definition of Marketing Ethics
Marketing Ethics are the basic principles and values that govern the business practices of those engaged in promoting products or services to
consumers. These are a set of criterion by which moral principles are considered within the marketing profession and execution of an advertising
campaign for a business and/or organization.
Marketing Ethics in Global Marketing Practice
In recent years, owing to the internationalization of markets, businesses and production processes, more and more marketers and entrepreneurs
have to deal with ethics and social responsibility issues in cross–cultural settings. Growth in globalization increased the ethical and social
responsibility of corporations across the world. Huge ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Both the articles discuss the case of Hawaiian tourism from this point–of–view. To promote tourism in Hawaii, the Hawaiian life–style has been
stereotyped as a vacation paradise with picturesque hills and warm waters for bathing. The ethnic Polynesian population of Hawaii is shown (on
hoardings, music album–art, Hollywood movies etc.) to be leading an idyllic life which is different from the one led by the targeted Euro–
American population. The articles claim that this leads to an erasure of identity of the local culture and imposes the dominant cultural view on it.
Also, this representation may not be true to the existing cultural realities. The articles suggest that marketers should avoid using such "exotic
other" portrayal of minority cultures.
Ironically, this assessment of the Hawaiian image to be an "exotic other" is also from an 'outsider's' point of view. The critics of the message
belong to the same group that is sending out (and receiving) the message. The opinion of the community that is being stereo–typed (i.e. the local
Hawaiian population) has not been sought by either group. If the authors of the articles could find out how much does the opinion of the

Essay on Marketing and Consumer Ethics of the Sainsbury...
Procedure
The author, in order to complete the report studied several texts with regards to marketing and consumer ethics. The author also researched many
useful websites with regards to Sainsbury's. The information studied can be found in the bibliography section found at the closing part the report.
According to Jobber et al (1998) the marketing mix is ` the tactical `toolkit' of product, place/distribution, promotion and price that an
organisation can control in order to facilitate satisfying exchange'. The following is Sainsbury's current marketing mix strategy.
Product
Sainsbury's is committed to the continuous improvement and development of its products, as it understands quality is of paramount importance
to customers. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the same time, it goes to national radio 4,which in turn makes a great impact on audience. Sainsbury's is one of top ten ten TV ad recall.
(www.marketresearch.com)
Place
Sainsbury's is one of the largest food retailers in the UK. It has 59 largest stores, 273 supermarkets, 119 town and city centres stores and 8
centrals as well as 23 Sainsbury's locals. Different formats are developing to match store offer to specific customer shopping missions and
locations. With regard to store closures, Sainsbury's always takes into consideration the impact on customers, its colleagues and on the centres in
which it operates. Since 1998, Sainsbury's established its home shopping delivery service, called Orderline, which customers could place order
by phone or on the internet. Its e–commerce developed very quick, including a partnership agreement with LineOne. Its e–commerce service,
Sainsbury's to you, has made rapid progress last year after a late start into the home delivery market.
SWOT analysis
"A SWOT Analysis is used by a business to evaluate themselves and their competitors. SWOT stands for Strengths of the business, Weaknesses
of the business, Opportunities for the business and Threats to the business. A SWOT analysis helps to plan future decisions and strategies."
Blythe (1998)
The most influential way of researching the environments is to perform a SWOT analysis of the organisation.

“Marketing, Consumerism, Materialism and Ethics: the...
INTRODUCTION
Gone are the days when "buyer beware" was the trend. The sellers used to dictate their terms as the competition was less. But after the
Liberalization, Globalizations and Privatization in 1991, more companies entered into India. This changed the situation form "Buyer's beware"
to "Sellers beware". It became more difficult for the companies to sustain in the cut throat competition. They had to shift their focus from
product centric to customer centric. Companies had to think smart instead of working hard. There was a need of decisive plan of action to
survive in the market.
The quality of the product was taken for granted by the customer and with competition heating up companies had to differ themselves from their
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In order to address these challenges, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature on marketing ethics over almost 50 years offers
a citation analysis and develops a unique marketing ethics impact factor (MEIF). We contribute to the field in three important ways. First, it
presents a state–of–the art picture of marketing ethics research. This provides an account of the research focus in each decade, assesses the
importance of specific topics in the debate and identifies existing research gaps. Second, we identify the most influential papers and researchers
in the marketing ethics area. Third, we evaluate the most important journals in terms of their impact on marketing ethics. To this end, we have
developed an MEIF. This improves the ability to judge a journal's influence on this particular sub–discipline.
Does the Individualist Consume More? The Interplay of Ethics and Beliefs that Governs Consumerism across Cultures
Abstract: Individualism leading to more consumerism seems to be a bit of truism nowadays in the media. The USA is particularly indicted for
being too individualistic and consumerist. Past research has mostly indicated a positive relationship between the two. However, past research has
not suggested a negative association between individualism and consumerism. This paper offers support for such a negative relationship by
showing that an individual's ethical values can temper the consumerist nature of individualists. Data

Ethics Of Email Marketing Practices
You know a great retail email when you see one. Deep discounts, trendy products, free shipping and limited time offer entice you in your
personal inbox daily. But what about your work email? How often do you take the time to read an offer from another business and actually
respond to it?
And if you're on the other end of the screen, how do you get businesses to actually pay attention to your B2B email?
To help you achieve that feat, we'll cover nine tried and true email marketing practices that not only assist in getting your email to the inbox but
also make your reader want to respond during a hectic workday.
Nothing hurts your reputation more than an incorrectly addressed email. "Dear Geoff" will get you nowhere if Geoff's name is ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Jimmy Kimmel". "Dear Jimmy" would be the better option. NOTE: Do NOT use variable personalization in your email if #1 above hasn't been
completed!
No, this isn't a GOT episode. But 42% of readers say the first thing they look at is the name of the person sending them an email. Your "From"
name should be your company name or an individual from your company. If it's from a company employee, use their first and last name. You
can also try making it more informational by using a format such as "[Name] at [Company]."
No, this isn't a GOT episode. But 42% of readers say the first thing they look at is the name of the person sending them an email. Your "From"
name should be your company name or an individual from your company. If it's from a company employee, use their first and last name. You
can also try making it more informational by using a format such as "[Name] at [Company]."
marketblog.com also said as the from name determined if a recipient will delete the email, the subject line will determine if the recipient opens
the email. It would help to utilize words that relate to the purpose of the email. If the email is for a product offer, leverage action words to stir a
sense of urgency.
When sending B2B emails, you'll have to design with Microsoft Outlook in mind. This means designing for a Word–based platform (Outlook
uses Word as its display engine). Make sure your email doesn't exceed 600 pixels wide and that your hero

Analysis Of The Marketing Ethics Of California Fitness
Fitness clubs usually have positive images since exercising is good for our health. The healthy images might lower people's alertness towards
their promotion practices. California Fitness is a well–known fitness gym and health club, it is the second large fitness chain store in Hong
Kong. The company has caused controversies because of their marketing activities. News articles reported that the Consumer Council received a
great number of complaints about California Fitness's sales practice. In this essay, I will discuss one of California Fitness's marketing activities
that involve marketing ethical issues. I will apply the ethical values set by The American Marketing Association (AMA) in the discussion.
Ferrell (2004) suggested that when ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Moreover, there would be other external charges and service charges. The advertisement is false and misleading, it deceptive about pricing or
credit terms. The customers have the right to be informed, California Fitness fails to tell the truth in all situations and all times and did not offer
the price of the product offered in their advertisement, it is unethical and

Ethical Issues Of Marketing Ethics
Introduction
According to Thomas Donaldson and Patricia Werhane, "Ethics can be defined as the study of whatever is right and good for humans." Ethics
are defined as rules of behavior, code of conduct, ability to distinguish between the good and the bad. In general, ethical marketing is a process
through which an organization or a company sells its products and services by using the fair means of ethical principles there by creating a
strong customer relationship resulting in an increased value of stakeholders. Therefore, marketing principles includes a fair and true level in
marketing communications, respecting the privacy of its customers, obeying and following the government regulations in addition to the
standards set by the marketers. The U.S.Constitution (Kennedy's Consumer Bill of Rights 1962) provides protection for basic consumer rights as
long as they meet five basic conditions:
 Right to Safety
 Right to be Informed
 Right to Selection
 Right to Confidentiality
 Right to Privacy
"Marketing ethics has been receiving increased research attention, particularly from the past 10 years." Alen J. Dubinsky & Barbara Loken.
Ethical issues can be defined as a situation or problem in which a company or an individual has to decide what the right thing as per ethics is or
what is wrong unethically. These issues can occur in any organization and are very common. The most debated one these days are the ethical
issues of marketing. We will be discussing some of the

The Ethics Of Marketing And Advertising
Jacob Darbonne
8/26/15
MKGT 3100
Ethics Paper
What is marketing? Marketing, according to Investopedia, is "The activities of a company associated with buying and selling a product or
service. It includes advertising, selling and delivering products to people." In even simpler terms, it's how a company or business buys/sells a
product, and the way in which they do so. Marketing is aimed towards consumers, or us the buyers of these products, and the best advertising
will have us begging for the product they represent. Although there are marketing and advertisements that are morally sound and ethical, we
have to be weary of those that aren't.
As a well–educated consumer, it is up to us to make sure we do adequate research to ensure these advertisements we are being shown aren't
pulling our tail. Companies who do risqué marketing practices involving shady tactics, deceptive advertising, or biased targeted marketing
towards age groups who can easily be taken advantage of are all easily considered unethical and morally wrong. Ethics, are the general
principles of right and wrong. It is very important for businesses to have sound ethic practices to ensure they avoid legal trouble and media
backlash. Morals, on the other hand, are what each individual find to be right and wrong, and their justifications and experiences that help them
decide between the two.
Moral idealism plays a big role into this as well because as a society we have formulated ideas that we find morally right

Essay International Marketing Ethics and Csr Case Study
1. Identification of Case Issues
Mars chocolate is one of the worlds leading chocolate manufacturers and employs more than 13,000 people across 110 sites worldwide. As
market leaders in their industry, Mars is constantly in the spotlight. Being responsible in the way they conduct business is part of the reason they
are in the highly regarded position that they are in today. The sourcing of cocoa however is currently one the greatest ethical dilemma's facing
not only Mars, but all chocolate companies all over the world.
The importance of international marketing ethics across cultures has been noted by a number of authors (Fletcher & Crawford, 2011;
Armstrong & Sweeney, 1994; Singhapakdi, Rawwas, Marta & Ismail, 1999). For ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"The issue of slave labour is not merely one that requires unilateral action... international actors such as foreign governments, NGOs, civil
society participants, as well as other actors implicated either in supplying the labour or consuming its products are (needed) to help address the
problem" (Chanthavong, 2002). When it comes to how Mars can help solve this issue, they must continue to finance and support cooperative
efforts with both governments and nongovernmental organizations. Such efforts include the 'International Cocoa Initiative', an initiative working
throughout the Ivory Coast with a "goal of totally eliminating child labour in cocoa" (Peter McAllister, BBC interview); and the 'The World
Cocoa Foundation', an initiative "helping to achieve cocoa sustainability, supporting cocoa communities, education, field programs and scientific
research" (World Cocoa Foundation, 2012). Mars must continue to build partnerships to address this issue, but ultimately, making progress in
eradicating this issue completely requires the support, cooperation and commitment of the governments of cocoa producing countries, the cocoa
farmers and others from within the cocoa community (Mars, 2012).
If an organization is to survive and flourish in a global economy, the firm must understand the values and behaviours of each diverse group of
consumers they serve, and Japan is no exception (Erffmeyer, 1999). According to Erffmeyer (1999), there has been a recent

Marketing Ethics Of Coca-Cola Company
TITLE: GLOBAL MARKETING STRATEGY, SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND MARKETING ETHICS OF COCA– COLA BOTTLING
COMPANY WORLDWIDE ABSTRACT: This essay centers on coca cola Company, which is an organization that has been picked in this essay.
It should be noted that it is an indisputable fact that coca cola is one of the most successful organizations in the area of drinks and beverages.
The strategies used by this organization to sell their product shall be discussed in this aspect. It should be remembered that we have various
market strategies used by different companies in order to achieve and sells their product. In this case, we shall also analyze how the marketing
activities are applicable for the success of this organization. Introduction: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The statistics show that great business organizations are great because of the strategies in communication they put in place. We have different
ways by which we can communicate for instance visual, media, etc. The global communication is a very crucial phenomenon in a business
environment, it involves the ability to provide and access vital information across cultures via speaking, reading, listening or writing. MAIN
BODY At the international level, we cannot be mentioning successful companies without Coca–Cola, IBM, general electric etc. this will
concentrate on the Coca–Cola. Their names have become the household word around the globe due to the various branches and main depots they
have in various countries. John Pemberton invented Coca–Cola in 1886 and being a pharmacist he knows more about the constituent of the
beverages. He has fought in a civil war and later decided that he want to do something commercially that can earn him success, this was why the
Coca–Cola was born like a little baby. John registered Coca–Cola and also designed the logo and even wrote the slogan, "The pause that
refreshes". Coca–Cola did not move so well before the Doc Pemberton died in 1888. Asa Griggs Candler rescued the commercial business of
john by becoming the sole owner of the

Case Study Of Glaxo's Marketing Ethics
Ethics plays a crucial role in delivery of health services and healthcare system can't be imagined without proper integration of ethical values in
healthcare delivery system. Despite the central role, breach of ethical values is common occurrence in current medical system which results in
devastating consequences for the consumers and diligent service providers. Every year we get to learn that billions are recovered by the
government in health care related frauds and if we believe the experts the reported problem is just tip of iceberg. Fraud and cheating in
healthcare system may be in multiple forms. The industry is replete with such examples, ranging from illegal prescription medications sales,
overbilling to insurance frauds. In other words ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Along with transparency and accountability the emphasis needs to be on ethical practices with regard to interaction with physicians. GSK's
culture is said to lay special emphasis on transparency. It describes its core values as transparency, respect for humanity, patient focus and
integrity. But this act was in total disregard of its core moral values and ethical norms, which indicate that company, lost its focus on its culture.
It is time that it should take a new approach to increase focus on its culture and also to improve the work culture. The biggest challenge before
GSK in this case is changing work culture and proper soul searching by pharma

Ethics and Greenwashing Essay
Ethics can be defined as a set of moral standards, relied on to reach conclusions and decisions. Within a business environment, ethics play a
large role in sophisticated decision making. Maintaining an ethical nature within a business can benefit both the internal and external
stakeholders within the business.
Ethics are genuinely shaped as you mature and grow, and are significantly influenced by both your surrounding environment and the people
around you. Your ethical viewpoints continue changing and evolving over time as a result of the different people you expose and interact with as
well as the change of environment and situations you can find yourself in. Business ethics are genuinely based on the way in which positive
benefits can ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"A major result of green washing, is public confusion", said Terrachoice vice president Scot Case. But green washing can also pose
environmental threats, and that it is indeed harmful as seen in 2008, when the Malaysian Palm Oil Council produced a television advertisement
claiming itself as being eco–friendly, with a voiceover throughout the commercial stating "Malaysia Palm Oil. Its trees give life and help our
planet breathe, and give home to hundreds of species of flora and fauna." In this case public confusion happens, as advertisement critics
including 'Friends of the Earth', palm oil plantations are linked to rainforest species extinction, habitat loss, pollution from burning to clear land,
destruction of flood buffer zones, and other adverse affects. The clear evident contrast is considerably unfair as well–intentioned consumers are
being misled into purchases that do not deliver on their environmental promise. This in turn means both the individual has been misled and they
have lost feeling of their commitment to the environment, which was the likely reason they pursued purchasing the product or service due to the
nature in which it is environmentally friendly, and their desire to benefit the environment has been dissipated. This reaches a stage in which
people begin seeing further examples of green washing and they are not

Marketing Ethics: Ethics And Ethical Ethics Of Deceptive...
Introduction
In order to generate sales, marketers often promote aggressively and uniquely. Unfortunately, not all marketing advertisements are done
ethically. Companies around the globe spend billions of dollars to promote new products or services and advertising is one of the key tools to
communicate with consumers. However, some methods that marketers use to produce advertisements and to generate sales is deceptive and
unethical. Ethical issues concern in marketing has always been noted in marketing practice. According to Baker and Hart (2008), ethics itself has
a profound, varied and rich past. It emphasizes on questions of right and wrong or good and bad. In this essay, it addresses the issues about how
marketers should evade deceptive advertising as well as unethical pricing. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ethical marketing will boost credibility, loyalty as well as trust. It builds customers as it prompts them to spread worthy words about the
products or services (Martins, 2016). Unethical marketing practices can tarnish company's reputations, lost business and dissatisfied customers.
Besides that, pricing ethics truly relies on upon how an individual define 'ethical'. It is tougher to identify pricing ethics as everyone's
perceptions varies. Deceptive pricing practices makes consumers think that the price they actually paying for is lower than its actual value
(Siham, 2013).
One recent case about unethical pricing is Daraprim, a drug that was acquired by Turing Pharmaceuticals. Daraprim is commonly used to treat
parasitic infection. Founder and chief executive of Turing pharmaceuticals, raised a life–saving drug price overnight from $13.50 a tablet to
$750, simply because he felt that the newer versions of Daraprim are needed to develop and his company was the first to focus on the research
for years and it was exceptionally expensive (Walters,

Marketing Ethics : The Moral Values That Direct Marketing...
Abstract
Marketing ethics are the moral values that direct marketing choices and activities. These ethics try to encourage honesty, fairness and
accountability in all marketing advertisements. However, marketing ethics is an especially tough issue because everyone has a different view on
what is considered right or wrong. There are certain ways a company can promote their products that come across as unethical. Some of these
unethical ways include: using misleading information and deception, using puffery to hype up their products, using sexual content to gain
consumer's attention, and advertising to children. For organizations hoping to enhance the image of their brand and continue to grow with
clients, this sort of deceptive conduct can rapidly prompt disappointment.
Ethical Dilemmas in Marketing
Advertisers have a lot of opportunities to entice customers in the market these days. Today, consumers are able to pick who they like and what
they read. This creates new ethical challenges for advertisers and brand marketers. Ethical marketing encourages honesty, fairness and
accountability in all marketing advertisements. However, there are many companies that use unethical advertising because it can be effective,
even though it is dishonest. These companies are able to use unethical advertising to outsmart their rivals because some unethical marketing is
not really against the law. There is a number of common ethical dilemmas marketers' face when they participate in

Ethics And Ethics Of Ethics In Public Relations
My question is how have ethics evolved in public relation? I am asking this question because I want to acquire knowledge and more detail about
ethics in public relation. My major in communication and this question is in association with my major. In my essay I will discuss about ethics in
public relation and the advertising of some company. To answer this question I will look for the information in internet and some books in
library also I will do the survey.
The definition of ethics in the public relations is controlling the ethics which includes values such as honesty, openness, loyalty, fair–
mindedness, respect, and forthright communication. The ethics in public relation need to evolve also the advertising of some company need to
be more ethical and trustworthy when they are advertises their product in television or radio or newspaper. The Public Relations are an essential
element in the activities of the organizations and they need to impose on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
You should know that a sound basis in public relation is to be frank and not hide the facts of interest to the masses. There are no secrets in
institution with the exceptions of the special operation of production secrets. This policy is necessary to eliminate the rumors that generate
distrust and effect production. Public relation must be based on ethical principles to strengthen trust between the institution and the audiences
also they must move away from all styles and forms of fraud, (Johnston, 2016). They must provide facts for masses to gain their trust. The
public relations and marketing together constitute the two routes of communication within organizations, and constitute a joint balanced and
marketing. Ethics in public relations complement the role of advertising in terms of its contribution to the founding of the product or service
offered by the company's

Marketing Ethics Essay
Ethics Assignment This case study analyzes the experiences of Courtland Kelley at General Motors (GM). Courtland Kelley a third generation
GM worker put his job on the line by pushing the GM managers and executives to fully respond to the safety issues found while working as a
safety inspector at the company. Kelley along with his supervisor Bill McAleer first discovered the issues while auditing GM cars at rail yards
across the country, a spot check of vehicles before the cars were cleared to be delivered to the dealers. McAleer was taken off the audit as a
result, who subsequently sued the company seeking whistle–blower protection. The case was eventually dismissed by a judge in favor of GM.
The judgement only increased Kelley's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to this framework ethical/unethical decisions are controlled/moderated by three independent variables, which are individual factors,
significant others in an organizational setting, and opportunity for action. According to Ferrell & Gresham the three variables can be further
categorized into individual and organizational contingencies. Individual factors like attitudes, knowledge, values, and intentions are assumed to
be interacting with organizational factors, such as significant others and opportunity factors to influence an individual involved in an
ethical/unethical dilemma. In the following paragraphs we will analyze how these individual as well as organizational factors interplayed in
Courtland Kelley's situation at GM. Based on the individual factor construct of the framework it is assumed that knowingly or unknowingly an
individual may use a set of philosophical assumption as a basis for making ethical decisions. The philosophical assumptions about ethics are
divided into two basic types – teleological and deontological (Beauchamp and Bowie 1979). We can assume that Courtland Kelley exhibited
teleological behavior

Examples Of Marketing Ethics In The Body Shop
Marketing Ethics – The Body Shop
Introduction
This essay is about discussing the ethicality of a company's marketing activity. First of all, it needs to be defined what ethical activity is. Ethical
marketing can bring advantages and disadvantages to the company. It can help to improve the brand image of the company and develop a trust
with the customers. On the other hand, it cannot ensure that can increase the company's sales or have a possibility to increase the advertising
cost. In the following discussion, an international cosmetic firm, The Body Shop, is chosen to be the target.
Marketing activity of The Body Shop
The Body Shop put a great effort into ethical marketing. It is doing several campaigns which are related to ethics including Against Animal
Testing, Support Community Fair Trade, Activate Self Esteem, Defend Human Rights and Protect The Planet. These are also the values of the
company. And now, it is going to discuss two selected ethical marketing activities of them, which are "Against Animal Testing" and "Support
Community Fair Trade".
Against Animal Testing
It is known that most of the cosmetic products need to be tested for safety reasons before publishing. Some companies are testing their products
on animals that cause the animals suffering cruelties. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The ethical activities can bring benefits to them. These help to build a trustful relationship with the consumers, improve the corporate image and
cultivate the loyalty of the customers through the ethical marketing. Furthermore, it can draw people's attention on the animal testing affair and
arouse their awareness when buying cosmetic products. One hand the suppliers and workers can have a fair–trading, on the other hand, they can
create the new product line for the organic products and build the positive image to the consumers. Both of them can gain benefits from the
ethical marketing

Examples Of Ethical Issues In Health Care
There are many ethical issues that may arise in regards to a patient's healthcare. These major issues as well as ways to manage them are as
follows:
 Privacy– The protection of private patient information in the medical field is one of the most important ethical problems that may rise in the
field of healthcare. Discussions between a patient and a doctor are resolutely private and access to them is strictly checked. An ethics group
needs to make sure that its patients' medical records are protected.
 Communication of diseases– The risk established to doctors and nurses of obtaining an infectious disease from patients is an anxiety to those
serving on ethical groups. This is especially true if a patient's health history is not made available ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It has made significant contributions to our understanding of bedside care, decision–making with patients and the use of new health care
technologies. Although some bioethicists have discussed issues with environmental implications – such as new technologies, genetic
engineering, overpopulation and treatment of animals – few ethicists have linked bedside concerns to the larger context of global environmental
well–being. Meanwhile, the field of environmental ethics has grown extensively, but with little attention to medicine and health care. It is time
for environmental ethics and medical ethics to reopen a dialogue and seek an ethically appropriate balance between immediate individual health
needs and

Legal and Ethical Considerations in Marketing, Product...
Assignment 3: Legal and Ethical Considerations in Marketing, Product Safety, and Intellectual Property Abstract In this paper, using technology
and information resources for research, I will analyze and assess legal and ethical restraints on marketing and advertising, relative to both
consumers and organizations. Analyze and evaluate laws and regulations relative to product safety and liability. Explore copyright laws and
intellectual property rights and assess how well they balance competing interests. My research shall consist of three to five ethical issues relating
to marketing and advertising, intellectual property, and regulation of product safety. Argue against Direct–to–Consumer (DTC) marketing by
drug ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However the law permits puffery (a legal term). The difference between mere puffery and fraud is a slippery slope. Sexual innuendo is a
mainstay of advertising content, and yet is also regarded as a form of sexual harassment. Violence is an issue especially for children's advertising
and advertising likely to be seen by children. The advertising of certain products may strongly offend some people while being of interest to
others. Examples include: feminine hygiene products as well as hemorrhoid and constipation medication. The advertising of condoms has
become acceptable in the interests of AIDS–prevention, but are nevertheless seen by some as promoting promiscuity. Through negative
advertising techniques, the advertiser highlights the disadvantages of competitor products rather than the advantages of their own. These
methods are especially used in politics. Issues as they relate to intellectual property rights are primarily based upon passing off someone else's
idea or work as your own. The "fair use" policy of copyrighted materials in education has evoked debates on this topic for at least the last ten
years or so. Alfino's study found the following: The ethical quandaries surrounding fair use will not be resolved by appealing to well–known
principles of property rights. One reason for this is that copying a book involves an act of labor which, one might allege, creates property in the
copy. Unlike the act of labor involved in theft, copying does

Ethics and Innovations in Marketing and Its Relevance with...
ETHICS AND INNOVATIONS IN MARKETING AND ITS RELEVANCE WITH CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
Kishor N. Choudhary N.S.B.College, Nanded
ABSTRACT: In order to be consumer–oriented, marketing will have to be truthful and ethical. That is why it is very important in marketing, as
in any other field; to apply the principles of Ethics It is also important to apply the processes of innovation, to find new ways of marketing
effectively. This Paper explains the concept of Ethics in Marketing and overview a number of issues around innovation:
Keywords: Ethics, Innovation, Consumer, Marketing, Stakeholders, code of conduct, Values.
INTRODUCTION:
Marketing is a powerful tool with the potential to change opinions and influence behavior. It is essential this ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It has set up C.C.C. (Consumer Complaints Council) to decide whether or not the ad complaints were in violation of A.S.C.I. code. The contents
of the code are:
1. To ensure the truthfulness and honesty of representations and claims made by advertisements and to safeguard against misleading advertising.
2. To ensure that advertising is not offensive to generally accepted standards of public decency.
3. To safeguard against indiscriminate use of advertising for promotion of products which are regarded as hazardous to society or to individual to
a degree or of a type which is unacceptable to society at large.
4. To ensure that advertisements observe fairness in competition so that the consumers need to be informed on choices in the market places and
the canons of generally accepted competitive behavior in business or both is served.
Rules of conduct vis–à–vis the customer:
Advertising should be so designed as to confirm not only to the lows but also to the moral and aesthetic sentiments of the country in which it is
published.
No advertisement that is likely to bring advertising into contempt or disrepute should be permitted. Advertising should not take advantage of the
superstition or credibility of the general public.
Advertising should tell the truth not by distorting facts and misleading by means of implications and omissions.
No advertising should be permitted to contain any exaggerated claim that should inevitably lead to

Marketing Ethics
Name: Loo Zheng Xian, George 13th September 2011 Marketing Ethics: A Response to Roger Crisp Introduction In his article "Persuasive
Advertising, Autonomy, and the Creation of Desire", Roger Crisp discusses his views on the issue of persuasive advertising. His overarching
argument is that persuasive advertising 'overrides the autonomy of consumers' and he concludes that 'all forms of a certain common type of
advertising (i.e. persuasive advertising) are morally wrong'. In my response to this article, I will adopt an ethical viewpoint towards my analysis
of various points raised by Crisp. Viewing Crisp's argument from a Kantian perspective, the deprivation of autonomy stemming from persuasive
advertising would be deemed as unethical. From a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Crisp also brings out the issue of subliminal suggestion. He raises the case of a cinema which used subliminal suggestion to induce consumers to
purchase ice cream. In this instance, the customers did not make the purchase 'because they happened to like it' but 'because they had been
subjected to subliminal suggestion'. The point being made here is that the consumers were no longer thinking autonomously but more as if they
were brainwashed, and thus bought it against their free will. Looking at this case through an Aristotlean perspective, subliminal suggestion is
unethical as the good of the outcome is only directed at the cinema which profited from increased sales of ice cream, and not the customers
good. Kant would also agree with this stance as the customers were being treated merely as a means to increase profits for the cinema and not as
ends – reducing their dignity and self–worth as humans. That said, I feel that not all forms of subliminal advertising must be deemed to be
unethical. Consider the Singapore government's efforts to reduce the purchase of cigarettes to curb social ills. Assume that subliminal
suggestions, through means such as images of cancerous organs attached to cigarette boxes, led to the reduction of smokers, resulting in a
decrease in deaths due to lung cancer. A utilitarian would argue that this would be ethical, citing the social benefit of increased life expectancy
and perhaps even cleaner air outweighing the cost of smokers being

Marketing Communication Ethics

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