CIVIL ENGINEERRING

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NANOTECHNOLOGYNANOTECHNOLOGY
ININ
CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION
Guided by,Guided by,
Prof.G. Krishnan sirProf.G. Krishnan sir
Presented byPresented by
Rahna meemRahna meem
Roll no:42Roll no:42

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CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• NANOTECHNOLOGY
• NANOCONCRETE
• CONCRETE & NANOTECHNOLOGY
• NANOCEMENT
• SOL-GEL PROCESS
• RESULTS
• CONCIUSIONS

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INTRODUCTION
• Deals with production and application of
• Physical
• Chemical
• Biological systems at scales ranging from few
nanometers to submicron dimensions.

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• NANOTECHNOLOGY
• Deals with structures of size 100nm or smaller
• One nm is 10^-9 of a meter.
• For comparison
 typical carbon-carbon bond length are in
range 0.12-0.15nm
 DNA has a diameter around 2nm.
 bacteria of genus Mycoplasma are around
200nm in length.

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NANOCONCRETE
• Defined as the concrete made with Portland
cement particles that are less than 500nm as the
cementing agent.
• Currently cement particle size ranges from a few
nm to a max of 100000nm.
• For micro cement avg particle size is reduced to
5000nm.

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Fig.1: Nanoconcrete
http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/main-e.html

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Concrete and Nanotechnology
• concrete utilizes nanotechnology because it
contains nano-particles as ingredients including
nano-water particles and nano-air voids.
• to claim the use of nanotechnology, we should be
able to control the amount and the locations of
these nano- ingredients inside the final products.
• If we can create chemical or mechanical tools to
control nano-scale pores then concrete becomes a
product of nanotechnology.

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Fig. 3: Scale of various Constituents of concrete.
http://www.uwm.edu/~sobolev/ACI/2-Balguru-ACI-F.pdf
.

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NANOCEMENT
SOL-GEL PROCESS
• sol-gel method was used to synthesize each
component of Portland cement using nano-
particles.
• sol is a combination of monomers of solvent-
soluble or water-soluble polymers along with a
precipitator. Once formed, the sol can be
transformed into a gel under similar controlled
conditions for temperature, pressure, etc.

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EXPERIMENT
1. In this experiment, the hydration rate for each
type of tricalcium silicate component are
measured.
2. When the tri- or di- calcium silicates react with
water a calcium-silicate-hydrate gel is formed.
3. This calcium-silicate hydrate (C-S-H) is the
principal hydration product and primary binding
phase in Portland cement.

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4. component was synthesized by dissolving the
solid particles in water and mixing the solution
by hand with a metal spatula to form a
homogenous sol.
5. heated on a heat plate at 100°C for
approximately 30 to 40 minutes .
6. the samples were placed in crucibles and
annealed at 1000°C for 30 min
7. Finally, the samples were ground to a fine
powder using a mortar grinder then placed in
glass tubes and sealed with Para Film for
protection from moisture

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Fig.6:Prepared Nano cement Samples.

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• 15 mL of de-ionized water was placed in a
vacuum flask.
• 1g of cement was added to the water and the
flask was covered with a piece of Styrofoam
board.
• The water and cement were mixed by shaking
the flask and the temperature as a function of
time was recorded using data acquisition
software.
• The sampling rate was set at 10 points/second.

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Fig.7: Hydration Test Experiment Setup

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Compression Test
12. Cylindrical specimens were prepared using PVC
pipe, 1.25 cm in diameter and 2.5 cm in length.
13. The samples were mixed with water, cast in the
PVC pipe molds, and covered with thin glass
plates.
14. cured for one day at room temperature and
then for 6 days in a moist curing room.
15. Following the 7-day curing period, the samples
were removed and allowed to dry.
16. Some specimens fractured during the curing
process and therefore, could not be tested.
17. Load and strain data were recorded using data
acquisition software.
18. The loading rate was set at 0.3 inches/minute

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Fig.8:Specimen Prepared for Curing.
Fig.9:Fractured Specimen.

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Fig.10: Specimen Prepared for Testing.

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RESULTS.
• . Hydration tests indicated that the nano-
cement had a more rapid hydration rate than
portland cement.
• Compressive strength of the cement
synthesized using nano-particles was found to
be less than that of ordinary portland cement.

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conclusion
• It is clear that nanotechnology has
changed and will continue to change our
vision, expectations and abilities to control
the material world.
• These developments will definitely affect
construction materials.
• Large amounts of funds and efforts are
being utilized to
develop nanotechnology.

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REFERENCES
• Feynman.R “There’s Plenty Of Room” (reprint from speech
given at Annual meeting of the West Coast section of the
American physical society), Engineering and science , 23,
2008 pp. 22-36.
• Drexler, K.E. Peterson.C and Pergamit. G , Unbounding the
Future, William Morrow , New York 2007.
• Nanotechnology and concrete: oppertunities
• http//en.wikpedia.org/wiki/Nanotechnology, Categories;
Nanotechnology..
• “The Indian concrete journal” 2008.
• International Journal Of Recent Trends in Engineering
Vol 1, no;4.. May 2009.

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