CS672 – System Engineering and Analysis Discussion 10 - 12/7/2018 Samson kamal Victor Chapter 10: Q 1 Monte Carle Analysis of Queuing system: It is a technique with the random variable to analyze the probability of waiting time in queuing system to enhance the quantitative analysis and decision making. When there are limited serving resources then queue should be formed to make the serving process easy. Use by different field by the professionals for finance, project management, energy, manufacturing, engineering, research and development, insurance, oil gas, transportation, and the environment. To analysis the queuing system the information required are arrival process, serving process, queue characteristics, to make the queuing system effective and time consuming then some of simulation process is required. The Monte Carle analysis is best simulation process for queuing system. Below are some situations the required for the queuing system (Beasley, n.d.) · Before serving completed expected time to wait by the customer in the queue, if the service time take too long · If customer waiting for longer time than the mentioned waiting time then customer may balk the queue · If queue exceed the average queue length and the queue is keep on growing then waiting time for the customer become high · To make more utilization of the serving system. If server become ideal make utilization on analysis of minimum total cost Chapter 11: Q 1 Elements of Control system for speed in automobile: There are four elements used in control system in automobile (Blanchard, 2010) Input Automobiles Speed Speedometer cruise control Speed controlled 1. Controlled characteristic: In the running the vehicle it move fast based on the given iput like accelerator, the basic output of the automobile system the characteristic to be controlled is speed, the speed must be measured 2. Sensory device: the characteristic must is measure by some condition, in automobiles the speed characteristic measured with Speedometer conditional device 3. Control device: Some of the automatic control device in automobile is cruise control / autopilot / accelerator to maintain declared speed or planned speed. 4. Actuating device: identify the speed from the speedometer, It is actually controlling the speed in automobile and reduce the speed to normal speed Chapter 11: Q 2 In the Thermostatically controlled heating system the main characteristic need to controlled in heat coming out of the system, to identify the temperature of the room the control used in thermostat, there are four elements to of control system are identified and the activity explained below Input Heating System Heat Thermostat Thermostat control Thermostat operator 1. Controlled characteristic: The thermostatically control device main purpose to maintain the temperature of the room, the basic output of the heating system is Heat. The Heat is the characteristic need to be measured, if it goes less than or highe.

1. CS672 – System Engineering and Analysis
Discussion 10 - 12/7/2018
Samson kamal Victor
Chapter 10: Q 1
Monte Carle Analysis of Queuing system:
It is a technique with the random variable to analyze the
probability of waiting time in queuing system to enhance the
quantitative analysis and decision making. When there are
limited serving resources then queue should be formed to make
the serving process easy. Use by different field by the
professionals for finance, project management, energy,
manufacturing, engineering, research and development,
insurance, oil gas, transportation, and the environment. To
analysis the queuing system the information required are arrival
process, serving process, queue characteristics, to make the
queuing system effective and time consuming then some of
simulation process is required. The Monte Carle analysis is best
simulation process for queuing system. Below are some
situations the required for the queuing system (Beasley, n.d.)
· Before serving completed expected time to wait by the
customer in the queue, if the service time take too long
· If customer waiting for longer time than the mentioned
waiting time then customer may balk the queue
· If queue exceed the average queue length and the queue is
keep on growing then waiting time for the customer become
high
· To make more utilization of the serving system. If server
become ideal make utilization on analysis of minimum total cost
Chapter 11: Q 1
Elements of Control system for speed in automobile:
There are four elements used in control system in
automobile (Blanchard, 2010)

2. Input Automobiles Speed Speedometer cruise control Speed
controlled
1. Controlled characteristic: In the running the vehicle it move
fast based on the given iput like accelerator, the basic output of
the automobile system the characteristic to be controlled is
speed, the speed must be measured
2. Sensory device: the characteristic must is measure by some
condition, in automobiles the speed characteristic measured
with Speedometer conditional device
3. Control device: Some of the automatic control device in
automobile is cruise control / autopilot / accelerator to maintain
declared speed or planned speed.
4. Actuating device: identify the speed from the speedometer, It
is actually controlling the speed in automobile and reduce the
speed to normal speed
Chapter 11: Q 2
In the Thermostatically controlled heating system the main
characteristic need to controlled in heat coming out of the
system, to identify the temperature of the room the control used
in thermostat, there are four elements to of control system are
identified and the activity explained below
Input Heating System Heat Thermostat Thermostat control
Thermostat operator
1. Controlled characteristic: The thermostatically control device
main purpose to maintain the temperature of the room, the basic
output of the heating system is Heat. The Heat is the
characteristic need to be measured, if it goes less than or higher
than the mentioned temperature then it must controlled
2. Sensory device: the identified measurable characteristic of
the heating system is heat, so the heat is measured with sensing
device thermostat sensor conditional device with conditions like
decrease less than the mentioned temperature and increases
more than the mentioned temperature
3. Control device: The thermostat device identifies the room
temperature with sensors and air. Its try to maintain the planned

3. temperature, like it control the temperature
4. Actuating device: if the temperature is not controlled by the
Thermostat then Actual device must be turned off the heating
system when is surpass the mentioned temperature
Chapter 11: Q 3
Open loop control system:
Open loop control system is a simple control system that
has similar features like input, amplification, and output. The
open loop system is a one way system process it does not
consider the output of the system, it will not validate the output
and not control over the output and no machine learning
(AMMC, 2016)
Toaster machine is an example for open loop control
system. Once the bread got inserted in the toaster and press start
button the system just burn the bread for one minute and ejects
it out. In this process the system does not validate the bread
burnt is fully completed or not, it just work based on the set
time
Clothes dryer machine is another example for open control
system. Once we added the clothes in to the machine and fix the
load and start it, the dryer just spins with hot air for the mention
rotation time and stops. In this system it does not check the
cloths are really dried up or not, it does not check the output
characteristics.
The inkjet printer is another example for open loop control
system. After the print is established by the computer device
immediately the printer picks up the document and queue up the
documents send to it and start printing. If no paper it just stops
printing. There no sensor device the identify the quality of
printing content
Closed loop control system:
Closed loop control system is feedback based control
system. It analyzes the output of the system and react based on
the output and give better result. It contains the four elements
of controls system controlled characteristics, sensory device,

4. control device and actuating device (AMMC, 2016)
Thermostat is a good example for closed loop control
system. The heating system is to maintain the defined
temperature in to the room. The input in the hot air blows in the
room, the output of the heating system is heat, sensory device is
thermostat which control the heat and the actuating device that
surpass the system down.
Another example is cruise control system in the vehicle,
the input of the system in acceleration of the system, the output
of the system is speed and it is a controllable characteristic, the
sensory device is the speedometer which provide the
information of the speed, the cruise controller just maintain the
speed be accelerating and the actuating system that reduce the
speed to normal speed
Water level controller is another example. Once the system
pump the water to the water tank, the output of the system is
water and it is characteristics to be controlled. The sensor
device check for the water level as mentioned if the water touch
the sensor then immediately the water level controller just shut
down the actuating device called water pumping system
(Electrical4u, n.d.)
References:
AMMC, (Feb 1. 2016), “Open-Loop Versus Closed-Loop
Control Systems - AMMC.” https://ammc.com/open-loop-
versus-closed-loop-control-systems/
Beasley J E, (n.d.), “Queuing Theory”,
http://people.brunel.ac.uk/~mastjjb/jeb/or/queue.htmlBlanchard
B S, (Feb 6, 2010), “Systems engineering and analysis”, 5th
edition, page 323, Prentice Hall International Series in
Industrial & Systems Engineering
Electrical4u, (n.d.), “Control System | Closed Loop Open Loop
Control System.”, Electrical4u.Com,
https://www.electrical4u.com/control-system-closed-loop-open-
loop-control-system/

5. CS672 – System Engineering and Analysis
Discussion 9 - 11/30/2018
Samson kamal Victor
Industrial ecology
Introduction
Industrial ecology is study of the natural raw material and
flow of energy from the industry. It describes the flow of
identifying the raw material, manufacturing the product, usage
of the product by customer and disposal of the product or
recycling the material to other product. It has been reached
early1990s. The life cycle make the industrial ecology to
control over the flow and design based on the eco friendly. The
nature eco system must not effect to the manufacturing product.
Need to consider of pollution waste from the manufacturing the
product. Reuse the waste material from manufacturing product
to other product manufacturing (Britannica, n.d.).
History
The industrial standard of system approach call interwoven
system and it was first traced by Jay forrester at MIT in the year
1960s. A scientific American Robert Ayres, Robert Frosch and
Nicolas Gallopoulos at 1989 created an industrial metabolism to
control the industry flow of material and energy. The flow
represents the material usage and identifying the waste and plan
for reuse the material, this made the balance of mass material of
the product to cheap and well organized for other product
manufacturing. The article “Strategies of manufacturing” is the
concept of industrial ecological system finally used to create the
industry ecology. It mainly describe about the waste of one
product manufacturing must be used by the other product
manufacturing product. In 1991, the national academy of
science colloqium was created law for drainage basin to study
of development of industrial ecology study. In early 1994, the
national academy of engineering established a book call the
greening of industrial systems. It mainly discussed about the
environmental issues and their solutions. (Andy G, Gregory A
K, 1995, Page 3)

6. After 1990s the industrial ecology got more attention and
it has been recognized by most of the international organization
and governments to save the eco system to the future. Lot of
review for the system lifecycle is and accepted. In 2000,
international society for industrial ecology is farmed.
International society gives more attention for study, research,
interactions related to field of industrial ecology. In 2001,
international society of industrial ecology added members to
establish further (ISIE, n.d.)
Design of industrial ecology
Some to the design for the industrial ecological system to
emphasize with below attribute (Andy G, Gregory A K, 1995,
Page 4)
· The industrial system must be relationship with the industries
and environment.
· The process of understanding the implementing the flow of
material and energy
· Disciplinary approach that enhance the relative position in
future
· The waste management from one process to another to avoid
dumping or land filling the waste like cyclic process to linear
process
· The proper steps and design to be taken to analysis the impact
in the environment and overcoming solution for that
· Dematerialization or decommissioning steps which doesn’t
cause any issue to the environment
· Determining the product manufacturing to make the product as
sustainable and efficient to the nature system and behave
ecologically
· Proper knowledge of the system to understand the hierarchy of
the nature system and understanding the existing risk for the
environment
Life cycle assessment (LCA):
Inventory analysis: Analysis of identifying the main resources
like raw material used to manufacture the product and less

7. cause to earth of mining the resource, acquisition of waste
management (Andy G, Gregory A K, 1995, Page 13)
Impact analysis: Analysis of impact while manufacturing the
product with proper technical performance measure to avoid
more waste and to reuse of waste and making the efficient
product. Analysis of impact to human health and environment
health
Improvement analysis: Analysis of the product that would cause
less harmful to the environment with proper evolution and apply
it
Life cycle design (LCD):
The system lifecycle design management to manufacture
the product which in economically and ecologically sustainable
system to achieve it the basic factors carried are certain policy,
technical performance measure from the product and market,
strategy of the product, raw material and resources analysis,
inputs from stakeholders, parallel or same product design, team
coordination, governments rules and regulations, market
measure and infrastructure (Andy G, Gregory A K, 1995, Page
22)
Need analysis: Analysis of important of the product in market,
purpose to manufacture and timeline for manufacturing
Requirement analysis: Analysis of need to requirement like
cause for environment, performance level of the product and
cost involved in manufacturing and customer purchase value
and legal
Design analysis: Analysis of less impact to the ecological
system like waste management design, disposal or recycle of the
product in design phase
Implementation: analysis of customer usage with the
consideration of human factor and ecological factor
Disposal analysis: Analysis of disposal method and identifying
material according to disposal not harmful to human and eco
system and recycle of the product to make of other product
segregation
Goals of Industrial Ecology

8. Sustainable Use of Resources: Industries should give more
importance to the recyclable material and less importance to the
non recyclable materials. The material used in the product
should not degrade in less number of usage instead that has to
sustainable for the mentioned lifecycle and more that the period
(Andy G, Gregory A K, 1995, Page 6)
Ecological and Human Health: Human having thick bond
between the environment system, all the activity or product is
interlinked with the eco system like all materials are taken from
the stone water, air and plants. The health of the both ecological
and human are interrelated together
Environmental Equity: to achieve the short objective need that
diminishes the quantity nature resource In the environment.
There are lagre number of imbalance in the product
development in developing countries and developed countries,
human higher level risk I incorporated with the toxic pollution
in air, water, and land
Case study of sustainability in industrial ecology:
In Denmark the coal fire company sold the novo nordisk
(pharmaceutical plant) to commercial fish farm. The fish waste
is given to the farmer for agriculture to the plants, the
agriculture avoided of using the chemical nutrition to the plant.
So the land, water are not polluted in both fish farm and
agriculture land (SustainabilityConcepts, n.d.)
Conclusion
The Industrial ecology study is very important to maintain
the environment in stable condition to make available of
resources to future generation of human beings. Industries need
to follow the process described by international society of
industrial ecology
References:
Andy G, Gregory A K, (Nov, 1995)”Industry ecology an
introduction”,
http://www.umich.edu/~nppcpub/resources/compendia/INDEpdf
s/INDEintro.pdf

9. Britannica, (n.d.), “Industrial Ecology |
Ecology.”, Encyclopedia Britannica,
https://www.britannica.com/science/industrial-ecology
ISIE , (n.d.), “History - International Society for Industrial
Ecology - ISIE.”, https://is4ie.org/about/history
SustainabilityConcepts , (n.d.), “Sustainability Concepts:
Industrial Ecology”. https://www.gdrc.org/sustdev/concepts/16-
l-eco.html