Counselor Dispositional Expectations Dispositions are the .docx

Counselor Dispositional Expectations
Dispositions are the values, commitments, and professional
ethics that influence behaviors toward others, and, if sincerely
held, dispositions lead to actions and patterns of professional
conduct. The Grand Canyon University Counseling Program’s
dispositions adhere to the University’s mission statement, as
well as to the established counseling profession codes of ethics.
The Grand Canyon University Counseling Program have
adopted the following dispositions for its students derived from
the American Counseling Association (ACA) Code of Ethics.
Although these dispositions are not all inclusive, they do
represent values and qualities that are warranted by counseling
students. Students who fail to adhere to or demonstrate such
dispositions may be subject to disciplinary actions.
· Psychological Fitness: Counselors* are aware and assess their
motives for pursuing the counseling profession. They are aware
of their unfinished emotional and/or mental health issues, and
resolve them before starting to provide counseling services to
others. Counselors engage in self-care and seek resolutions to
issues that arise during their practice. Counselors adhere to the
American Counseling Association (ACA) Code of Ethics and/or
the NAADAC, the Association for Addiction Professionals Code
of Ethics.
· Self-Awareness: Counselors are aware of their personal moral,
ethical, and value systems and provide counseling services with
objectivity, justice, fidelity, veracity, and benevolence.
Counselors are acutely aware of their personal limitations in
providing services, and are willing to refer clients to another
provider when necessary.
· Cultural Diversity: Counselors respect, engage, honor, and
embrace diversity and a multicultural approach that supports the

worth, dignity, potential, and uniqueness of people within their
social and cultural context. Counselors promote self-advocacy
and assist clients in advocating for empowerment within their
cultural context.
· Acceptance: Counselors foster a healthy climate of change by
providing and promoting acceptance, and a nonjudgmental
environment during the therapeutic process. They understand
their personal value system and do not impose their values,
attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors on their clients.
· Empathy: Counselors foster understanding, compassion, and
avoid any actions that can cause harm to a client. Counselors
treat others with dignity and respect.
· Genuineness: Counselors deal truthfully with themselves and
their clients, in order to avoid harming their clients.
· Flexibility: Counselors practice a client-centered approach,
and align treatment to the client’s goals for therapy.
· Patience: Counselors understand the therapeutic process and
respect client’s efforts to gain control over their lives.
Counselors encourage an environment that promotes self-
empowerment and allows client’s voice in the therapeutic
process.
· Amiability: Counselors do not support or engage in any act of
discrimination against a prospective, current, or former client.
Counselors promote and practice social justice and do not
exploit others in their professional relationships.
· Professional Identity: Counselors adhere to regulatory state
boards and nationally recognized codes of ethics. Counselors
practice only within their scope and competencies. They seek to
utilize best practices and empirically supported treatments.
Counselors stay current with the counseling profession through
seeking continuing education, and by supporting counseling
associations.
* The term counselor is used to refer to counselors in training at
the graduate level.
American Counseling Association (2014). ACA Code of Ethics.
Alexandria, VA: Author.

Walz, G. R., & Bleuer, J. C. (2010). Counselor dispositions: An
added dimension for admission decisions. Vistas Online
publication, 1, 11-11.
© 2015. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
•••••i
A National Profile of
the Real Estate Industry and
the Appraisal Profession
by J. Reid Cummings and Donald R. Epley, PhD, MAI, SRA
FEATURES
T
J- he
he real estate industry has been devastated on many fronts' in
the years
following the Great Recession, whieh began in 2007^ due to the
bursting of the
housing bubble and the subsequent finaneial crisis relating to
the mortgage
market meltdown.' The implosion of the mortgage markets
initially began when
two Bear Stearns mortgage-backed securities hedge funds,
holding nearly $10
billion in assets, disintegrated into nothing.* Panie quickly
spread to financial
institutions that could not hide the extent of their toxic,
subprime exposures, and

a massive, worldwide credit squeeze ensued; outright fear soon
replaced panic.
Subsequent eredit tightening and substantial illiquidity in the
financial markets
rapidly and severely affected the housing and construction
markets.' Throughout
the United States, properties of all kinds saw dramatic value
declines.
In thousands of cases, real estate foreclosures disrupted people's
lives,
forced businesses to close, eaused financial institutions to
falter, capsized wbole
market segments, devastated entire industries, and squeezed
municipal and state
government budgets dependent upon use and property tax
revenues.* While the
effeets of property value declines and the waves of foreclosures
in markets across
the country captured most of the headlines, one significant
impact of the upheaval
in US real estate markets has gone largely unreported: its
impact on employment
in the real estate industry, and specifically, the real estate
appraisal profession.
This article presents a
current employment
profile of the US real
estate industry, with
special attention given

to appraisal profes-
sionals. It serves as an
informative picture of
the appraisal profession
for use as a benchmark
for future assessment
of growth. As a
component of the real
estate industry, the
appraisal profession
ranks as the smallest
in employment, is
highly correlated to
movements in empioy-
ment of brokers and
agents, and relies on
commerciai banking,
credit, and real estate

lessors and managers
to deliver its products.
1. James R. DeLisle, "At the Crossroads of Expansion and
Recession," TheAppraisalJournal 75, no. 4 (Fall 2007):
314-322; James R. DeLisle, "The Perfect Storm Rippiing Over
to Reai Estate," The Appraisal Journal 76, no,
3 (Summer 2008): 200-210.
2. Randaii W. Eberts, "When Wiii US Empioyment Recover
from tiie Great Recession?" International Labor Brief
9, no. 2 (2011): 4-12 (W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment
Research): Chad R. Wilkerson, "Recession and
Recovery Across the Nation: Lessons from History," Economic
Review 94, no. 2 (2009): 5-24.
3. Kataiina M. Bianco, The Subprime Lending Crisis: Causes
and Effects of the Mortgage Meltdown (New York:
CCH, inc., 2008): Lawrence H. White, "Fédérai Reserve Policy
and the Housing Bubbie," in Lessons From the
Financial Crisis: Causes, Consequences, and Our Economic
Future, ed. Robert W. Koib (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley
& Sons, Inc., 2010), 453-460.
4. John Bellamy Foster, "The Financialization of Capital and the
Crisis," Monthiy Review 59, no. 11 (Aprii 2008):
1-19.
5. Major Coleman iV, Michael LaCour-Littie, and Kerry D.
Vandeii, "Subprime Lending and the Housing Bubbie: Taii
Wags Dog?" Journai of Housing Economics 17, no. 4 (2008):
272-290.
6. Dean Baker, "The Housing Bubbie and the Financiai Crisis,"
Rea/-Wor/d Economics Review no. 46 (2008): 7 3 - 8 1 .

ANationaLRrMlejlîheBeaLIstatdflctustry^ancIth&Apprms.aJ.Er
ofessLaa. _IJhe Appraisal Journal, Spring 2013
Hundreds of thousands of professionals
are involved in brokering, leasing, managing,
appraising, and developing all property types.
Service professionals include residential sales
agents, multifamily-property managers, commercial
investment advisors, industrial property brokers,
land developers, property appraisers, and many
others.^ Their professional education and training
includes academic work performed in colleges and
universities; industry-specific education and training
programs; advanced professional association
development and designation certifications; company
and franchise training; pre- and post-licensing
continuing education requirements; and many years
of on-the-job training and experience.
The disintegration of the housing and financial
markets has affected all professionals in the real
estate industry and its employment components.
This article shows professional real estate appraisers
have been particularly hard hit. Before the recession,
as property values and sales grew, and as demand for
loans increased, appraisers' workloads did as well.
When the bubble burst, appraisers felt its impact and
experienced significant declines in their businesses.
As a result, the real estate appraisal industry
experienced a significant loss in jobs. Recent growth
in employment within the appraisal profession has
neither mirrored other sectors in the real estate
industry, nor that of the US economy.

The purpose of this article is to provide a cross-
sectional view of the national real estate industry
with special attention given to employment in the
appraisal profession. Nothing in the professional
literature attempts to establish a data-driven profile
of the appraisal business, or compares and contrasts
it to other real estate-related professions. This article
is not a survey, but rather an effort to establish a basic
real estate appraisal employment baseline that will
serve as a benchmark for future trend comparisons.
This profile uses the latest data estimates from
private, state, and federal sources in support of
regional input-output tables used for the estimation
of economic impacts from events in a region.^
The results indicate that overall real estate industry
employment at the end of 2011 was higher than at
the beginning of 2001. However, the trend of annual
increases in the number employed evident in the
early years of the 2001—2011 study period reversed
itself during the recession. Declines in employment
appear to coincide with concurrent declines in the
economy during the latter years of the same period. The
results further show a significant correlation between
employment in the real estate appraisal profession and
production measures of the national economy, but not
with national employment This research is not only
very timely, it also is extremely important because
changes in the employment trends in the real estate
industry since the financial crisis began have been
substantial. The information and analysis presented
offer unique insights into understanding the current
state of the real estate industry, and in particular, the
real estate appraisal profession.

Employment Profile and Trends
This article examines national employment trends
in five real estate-related categories:
• Agents and Brokers
• Appraisers
• Lessors and Lessors' Agents
• Property Managers
• Other Services (i.e.. Escrow Agents, Consultants,
Fiduciaries, Asset Managers, and Listing Services)
It extracts the data according to the North American
Industry Classification System (NAICS) at the
six-digit code level across all real estate-related cat-
egories for the period 2001—2011.'' Each category
draws from information provided by the US Census
Bureau NAICS category definitions.
Agents and Brokers
The industry classification Offices of Real Estate
Agents and Brokers (NAICS Code 531210) includes
people primarily engaged in acting as agents and/or
brokers in one or more of the following: (1) selling
real estate for others, (2) buying real estate for others.
7. Association of Real Estate License Law Officiais, Digest of
Real Estate License Laws and Current Issues (Chicago:
Association of Reai Estate License
Law Officiais, 2011).
8. Proprietary data obtained by paid license from Economic
Modeiing Speciaiists. Intl. For information on purchasing
licenses enabling information access,
see http://www.economicmodelihg.com.

9. NAICS codes adopted by several government agencies such
as the US Bureau of Ecohomic Analysis and the US Bureau of
Labor Statistics for the
standardization and reporting of data such as employmeht ahd
income. Further expianation of the accounts used ahd specialties
covered is shown in
the Appendix at the end of this articie.
appraisai Journal, Spring 2 0 1 3 , ^ -EcoJile Qflhe
and (3) renting real estate for others. Figure 1 shows
that at the end of 2001,1,061,482 people in the United
States worked in Offices of Real Estate Agents and
Brokers. At the end of 2011,1,717,627 people worked
in this classification, or 61.8% more than in 2001. The
annual employment number increased each year in
2001-2007, peaking in 2007 at 1,857,576. However,
coinciding with the beginning of the recession, the
number of people in this classification began to
decline, and the annual decreases continued until a
slight increase occurred in 2011 over 2010.
Two caveats are noteworthy. First, substantial
increases in employment during the early years of the
period may be due to entry of new licensees hoping
to capitalize on the potential income opportunities
provided by Üie booming, pre-financial crisis real estate
markets. Therefore, tbe sharp growth trend may have
been an unsustainable anomaly. Second, the data does
not differentiate between those licensed professionals
who work full-time versus those who only work part-
time. Therefore, some portions of categorical declines
in the post-flnancial crisis economy may be due to
part-üme licensees choosing not to renew their licenses

during the economic downturn.
Appraisers
The industry classification Ofiices of Real Estate
Appraisers (NAICS Code 531320) includes people
primarily engaged in estimating the fair market
value of real estate. Figure 2 shows that at the end
of 2001,80,724 people in the United States worked in
this classification. At year-end 2011,111,253 people
worked in this classificaüon, or 37.8% more than in
2001. The annual employment number increased
each year in 2001-2007, peaking in 2007 at 118,657.
In addition, again coinciding with the beginning of
the recession, the number of people in this classifica-
tion began to decline, and the decreases confinued
through 2011.
Although the percentages of growth in this
category are different from those of the category
Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers, it is
possible the explanafions are similar. The booming
real estate markets prior to the financial crisis
increased demand for appraisals, and therefore,
more people entered the profession. Likewise,
as the markets slowed after the crisis began and
appraisal demand declined, so did the demand
for appraisers. Due to the reduced demand, some
licensed appraisers may have sought other types
of employment, or suspended or terminated their
licenses. Further, some lenders, especially those
focusing on the residential mortgage sector,
increased use of alternafive valuation products or
turned to using broker price opinions (BPOs).'"
Figure 1 US Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers (NAICS

Code 531210)
a.
S0.
'S
be
r
1
2,000,000 -|
1,800,000 -
1,600,000 -
1,400,000 -
1,200,000 -
1,000,000 -
800,000 -
600,000 -
400,000 -
200,000 -
0 -
o
48

2
,6
7( ,3
7
W H ^ ,
1 1 1
2001 2002 2003 2004
M
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2005
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2006 2007
Year
o"
00
2008
t
m

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2009
,6
9:
71
4
2010
M
71
7
H
2011
10. So many real estate brokers began performing BPOs after
the financial crisis that in IVlay 2011, the National Association
of Realtors (NAR) introduced a
new BPO training and certification program. Information
obtained from the Nationai Association of Reaitors available at
http://www.realtororg/rmodaiiy.
nsf/pages/News2011051306.
aJMonal2rMkoíJlifiJüaL£síalfiJndiJ.stryjDd the AppraisalJr l i i
e Appraisal Journal, Spring20;
Figure 2 US Offices of Real Estate Appraisers (NAICS Code 5 3
1 3 2 0 )

'S.
o
'S
140,000
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000 -h-
20,000 -— ,̂.,-
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
2008 2009 2010 2011
Lessors and Lessors' Agents
The industry classification Lessors of Residential
Buildings and Dwellings (NAICS Code 531110)
includes people primarily engaged in acting as les-
sors of buildings used as residences or dwellings,
such as single-family homes, apartment buildings,
and townhomes. Included in this classification are
owner-lessors of residential buildings and dwellings
or people employed by them.
Figure 3 shows that at the end of 2001, 683,905
people in the United States worked as Lessors of

Residential Buildings and Dwellings. At year-end
2011,1,057,764 people worked in this classification.
or 54.7% more than in 2001. The annual employment
number increased each year in 2001—2007, peaking
in 2007 at 1,083,847. However, coinciding with the
beginning of the recession, the number of people
employed in this classification began to decline,
dipping slighüy in 2008 and 2009. The trend reversed
in 2010 and 2011.
The industry classification Lessors of Non-
Residential Buildings (NAICS Code 531120) includes
people primarily engaged in acting as lessors
of huildings (except mini-warehouses and self-
storage units) that are not residences or dwellings.
Included in this industry sector are owner-lessors
Figure 3 Offices of US Lessors of Residentiai Buildings and
Dwellings (NAICS Code 5 3 1 1 1 0 )
4)
e
o
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be
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1,200,000 -1
1,000,000 -
800,000 -
600,000 -
400,000 -
200,000 -
0 -
m(-»
3,
9(
00
CO
2001
S
2002
S
76
4
2003
S

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+
1
2004
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25
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2005
CO
29
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2006
Year
1«-

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2007
,6
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05
9
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2008
54
2
34
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2009
CM
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05
6

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2010
CO
05
7
11
2011
! Appraisal Journal, Spring 2O13L lPröfile of
th&RftaiXslatalcuksítyjnd the AppraisalÄ
of non-residential buildings and people employed
by tbem.
people in the United States worked in the Lessors
of Non-Residential Buildings classification. At year-
end 2011, 493,600 people worked in this industry
classification, or 33.7% more than in 2001. The annual
number of people increased each year in 2001—2005,
decreased slightly in 2006, and increased in 2007
and 2008, when it peaked at 510,576. Thereafter,
the annual number of people employed in this
classification decreased each year in 2009—2011.
The industry classification Lessors of Mini-
Warehouses and Self-Storage Units (NAICS Code
531130) includes people primarily engaged in
renting or leasing self-storage space (e.g., rooms,
compartments, lockers, containers, or outdoor space)

where clients can store and retrieve their goods.
people in the United States worked as Lessors of
Mini-Warehouses and Self-Storage Units. At the
end of 2011, 280,702, or 112.6% more than in 2001,
worked in this classification.
The annual number of people in this classification
increased each year in the study period except for
2009, when it decreased shghtiy by -2,393, or -0.86%
less than 2008. A possible explanation for the strong
growth performance could be a combination of
Americans continuing to accumulate more material
possessions and the downsizing of residences,
increasing the need for storage of their possessions.
Another explanation might be that foreclosures
forced people to place their possessions in storage
as they transitioned to other residences.
The industry classification Lessors of Other
Real Estate Property (NAICS Code 531190) includes
people primarily engaged in acting as lessors of real
estate (except buildings), such as manufactured-
home sites, vacant lots, and grazing land. Figure 6
shows that at the end of 2001,125,915 people in the
United States worked as Lessors of Other Real Estate
Property. At the end of 2011,146,858 people, or 16.6%
Figure 4 Offices of US Lessors of Non-Residential Buildings
(NAICS Code 5 3 1 1 2 0 )
of
P
eo

p
b
er
z
600,000 -
500,000 -
400,000 -
300,000 -
200,000 -
100,000 -
0 -
CO
q
CO
CO
2001
Figure 5 Offices of US
of
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eo
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um
be

r
300,000 -1
250,000 -
200,000 -
150,000 -
100,000 -
50,000 -
0 -
rt
2001
,^
in
in" .
CO
CO
I
2002
Lessors
CO
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2002
S
-•-

2003
CO
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2004
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CO
2005
of Mini-Warehouse and
i n
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2003
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2004
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2005
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54
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in
2006
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2007
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2008
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2009
Self-Storage Units (NAICS Code
in
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CM
2006
Year
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2007
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2010
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2011
531130)
72
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2010

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2011
JThe Appraisal Journal, Spring 20:
Figure 6 Offices of US Lessors of Other Real Property (NAICS
Code 531190)
pi
e
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o
ro
f
N
u
m
b
e
1 ön onn -

160,000 -
140,000 -
120,000 -
100,000 -
80,000 ^
60,000 -
40,000 -
20,000 -
r
U
Figure 7 Offices
io
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250,000 -
200,000 -
150,000 -
100,000 -
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2001
of US
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i'.if
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2005

Residentiai Property Managers
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2002
H
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2003
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2004
84
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2005
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2006
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2006
Year
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2007
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2008
Code 531311)
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2007
CM
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2008
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2009
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2011
more than in 2001, worked in this classification. The
increases and decreases in the number of people in
this classification are inconsistent, showing increases
in 2001-2005,2007, and 2010, but decreases in 2006,
2008-2009, and 2011.
Property Managers
The industry classification Residential Property
Managers includes people primarily engaged in
managing residential real estate for others. Figure 7
shows that at the end of 2001, 178,244 people in the
United States worked in this industry classification,
and atthe end of 2011,289,706 people, or 62.5% more
than in 2001, worked in this classification.
During 2001—2011, the number of people in tbis
classification increased each year, with the highest
annual increase (10.7%) occurring in 2007, which
coincided with the beginning of the recession. The
10.7% increase in 2007 was the only double-digit
increase during the study period. One possible
explanation for this is that 2007 was the first year people
began losing their homes to foreclosure hecause of the
recession. As the demand for rental units increased due
to increased home foreclosures, there may have been
a eommensurate inerease in tbe need for residential

managers. Anotber explanation could be that more
apartment eomplexes came on line in 2007 due to the
rapid expansion of eonstrucüon of multifamily units in
the middle part of the decade, resulting in employment
of more residential property managers.
The industry classification Non-Residential
Property Managers (NAICS Code 531312) includes
people primarily engaged in managing non-
residential real estate for others. Figure 8 shows at the
end of 2001, 83,213 people in the United States were
employed as Non-Residenüal Property Managers. At
the end of 2011,130,346 people, or 56.6% more than
in 2001 worked in this classification.
ppraisal Journal, Spring 2013. A National Profile of tlie^R&aJ
£state.iDáiistry,.aad the Appraisal Profession
Figure 8 Offices of US Non-Residential Property IVIanagers
(NAICS Code 5 3 1 3 1 2 )
P
e
o
p
ie
N
um
be
r
140,000

120,000
100,000
t 80,000 —
60,000
40,000
20,000
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en
tn
o
H
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Year
i i i i
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
With the exception of 2009-2010, when growth
was relatively flat, the number of people working in
the Non-Residential Property Managers classification
increased during the study period, with the highest
annual increase (9.4%) occurring in 2008. A possible
explanation for the significantly higher increase in
2008 is that demand for asset managers increased
due to the increased foreclosures of non-residential
properties. Another possible explanation is that
demand for commercial real estate was increasing
in the years prior to the financial crisis—peaking in
2008—and thus, more real estate firms employed

more non-residential property managers to service
the industry. It is important to note that because this
NAICS industry classification includes only those
managing non-residential real estate for others,
property management services for owner-occupied
properties are not included.
Other Real Estate Activities
The industry classification Other Activities Related
to Real Estate (NAICS Code 531390) includes people
primarily engaged in performing real estate-related
services (except lessors of real estate, olfices of real
estate agents and brokers, real estate property man-
agers, and offices of real estate appraisers). Figure 9
shows that at the end of 2001, 592,155 people in the
United States worked in Other Activities Related to
Real Estate. At the end of 2011, 852,824 people, or
44% more than in 2001, worked in this classification.
The e m p l o y m e n t growth t r e n d of this
classification is similar to the growth trend in the
classification Offices of Real Estate Appraisers. The
annual number increased each year in 2001—2005,
and peaked in 2007 at 890,100. Coinciding with the
beginning of the recession, the number of people
employed in this classification then began to decline
and the decreases continued through 2011.
Correlations and Summary
The analysis in this article compares employment
categories of the appraisal profession to other seg-
ments of the real estate industry and various national
economic indicators. The statistical test used is a
simple correlation analysis utilizing the Pearson"
method to produce correlation eoefiicients between

the appraisal profession and other segments of the
real estate industry. The purpose of performing
this statistical test was to uneover strong and weak
relationships with other parts of the eeonomy that
could serve as future indieators of the welfare of the
appraisal profession.
Correlation analysis examines the degree
to which relationships exist between variables.
Correlations, labeled as eoefiicients, are numbers
between -1 and +1. A coefficient between 0 and +1
suggests a positive relationship between the variables,
whereas a coefficient between -1 and 0 suggests a
negafive one. Correlation analysis helps reduce the
range of uncertainty about the relaüonships between
the variables. Hence, correlation analysis produces
greater variance of the predieted outcomes—how
much movement of one variable is related to
movement of another variable—that are eloser to
1 1 . Joseph F. Hair Jr., Mary Wolfinbarger Ceisi, Arthur
Money, Phillip Samouel, and Michael J. Page, Essentials of
Business Research Methods, 2nd ed.
(Armonk, New York: M. E. Sharpe, inc., 2011).
^ ^ The Appraisai Journai, Spring 20:
Figure 9 US Offices of Other Activities Related to Real Estate
(NAICS Code 531390)
P
e
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p
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2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Year
reality. A simple correlation is between two variables.
Perfect correlation exists between two variables
when the correlation coefficient is either +1 or - 1 .
Table 1 shows the correlation analysis results
for the study.'̂ They reveal a posifive relationship
between the appraisal profession and the other
sectors. The highest correlafion of+0.998 was with
the classification Offices of Real Estate Agents and
Brokers, which was statistically significant at the
0.01 level (this means that 99.8 times out of 100, this
relationship will exist and will be highly, posifively
correlated). Also, a strong, positive relationship
of +0.997 was revealed with the classification
Residential Property Managers, which was highly
significant at the 0.01 level. The interpretation is that
as employment in the sectors identified goes up or
down, employment in the appraisal profession will
do likewise.

The analysis leads to the following conclusions
related to the Real Estate Appraisers classificafion:
1. The industry classification Real Estate Appraisers
is the smallest among all real estate sectors
examined, with 111,233 johs in 2011.
2. Employment increased annually from 80,724
in 2001 to a high of 118,657 in 2007, for a total
increase of 37,933, or 46.99%.
3. Employment decreased annually from 118,657
in 2007 to a low of 111,233 in 2011, for a total
decrease of-7,424, or -6.3%.
4. During the study period, the largest annual
decrease was from 118,657 in 2007 to 114,397
in 2008, a decrease of-4,260 or -3.6%.
5. The smallest decrease, between 2009 and 2010,
was -271 or -0.24%.
6. The most recent decrease, between 2010 and
2011, was-1,705 or-1.51%.
Total Requirements Needed to Operate
The Bureau of Economic Analysis prepares and
publishes a variety of economic statistics on indus-
tries. Its data on total requirements represent the
total demand for goods or services that an industry
needs to produce its particular goods or services.'^
While other industries or resources operafing or
existing within the region saüsfy some of the demand,
in many instances not all of the requirements

are satisfied from within the same region. This
unsatisfied or leftover demand is satisfied through
imports into the region. Thus, the total requirements
equal the amount safisfied within the region plus the
amount of imports into the region.
Figure 10 displays the US 2010 total requirements
for real estate-related industries. Because this data
is for the entire United States, the region is the
entire country as well. The 2010 total requirements
for all real estate-related sectors totaled over $1.09
12. The correlations shown in Table 1 are between people
working in the appraisai profession and other real estate-reiated
sectors.
13. The totai requirements (TR) technique does not derive
estimates based on empioyment but instead focuses on the totai
demand for goods or services
that an industry needs in order to produce its particular goods or
services. In the United States, the Department of Commerce's
Bureau of Economic
Anaiysis (BEA) produces two types of TR tables, in coefficient
form, using benchmark input-output information drawn from
make and use tables. The tables
present input values of goods or services purchased directiy in
order to produce one dollar of output. The coefficients of the
TR tables provide the totai
sum of direct and indirect inputs necessary to produce output.
For example, the direct purchases (inputs) necessary to produce
an airplane wouid inciude
the steel and aiuminum used in the construction of the aircraft
fuselage, and the indirect purchases wouid include the energy
resources necessary to
produce the steel and the aluminum. The different types of
direct and totai requirements information produced by the BEA

depend on whether the defined
goods and services are industries or commodities. For a
comprehensive explanation of the BEA's methodology and data-
derivation techniques, refer to the
BEA's Methodology Paper Series and other methodoiogies oh
the nationai, industry, international, and regional accounts
avaiiable at http://www.bea.gov/
methodoiogies/index.htm and articies pubiished in the Survey of
Current Business avaiiable at
http://www.bea.gov/scb/index.htm.
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…
CNL-509 Counseling Disposition Reflection Worksheet
Directions: Review the dispositions document and select three
dispositions that you currently meet and that have helped you to
be culturally competent. Complete the chart by listing the
dispositions met as well as a description of how the disposition
is met. Each description response should be 75-100 words in
length.
Dispositions Related to Cultural Competence
Description of How the Disposition is Met
1.
2.
3.
Directions: Now that you have identified dispositions that you
currently meet, review the disposition document again and
select two dispositions related to cultural competence that may
be areas of improvement. Complete the chart below by adding
the two dispositions you do not meet as well as a preliminary
plan in regards to how you plan to improve the identified
dispositions. Each description response should be 75-100 words
in length.
Disposition
Description of How you plan to Improve the Disposition
1.

2.

Counselor Dispositional Expectations Dispositions are the .docx

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