Presentation about segregation and recycling, based on EU countries (not mentioned). Good for students of environment engineering, for secondary schools presentation e.c.

1. Wastes
Civil Engineering – Mateusz Gryglak

2. Segregation of wastes, and
utilization of recyclable
materials

3. Objectives of presentation
• To know the most commonly used methods waste
management
• To understand global problem of wastes
• To understand of the need for waste management
• To designing and taking action to waste segregation
and use of recycled materials
• To create a environmental awareness and pro-
environmental attitude

4. This all items and solids, as well as non-
sewage liquids resulting from economic
activity or human existence and unhelpful
in a place and time in which they arise
Wastes

5. Wastes classification
As well as in
households, do
not contain
hazardous
substances
They arise mainly in industry,
agriculture, agricultural processing,
municipal economy, transport,
health nursery
Wastes
Municipal Industrial Hazardous
Formed in
households
They formed in
factories,
schools,
hospitals,
nursing homes
Eg. food scraps,
packaging of the
food products,
worn clothes,
small items of
daily use
Produced in factories
Detergents, cleaning agents,
solvents, paints, impregnating
agents, pesticides, drugs.
Photographic chemicals,
thermometers, batteries, mercury
lamps, halogen lamps, oils, greases
The by-products of mining,
metallurgy, energy industry

6. – Urbanization development
– Progress of civilization
– Increase the standard in living of
population, and increase in the amount of
purchased goods
– Increase in both the number of packages
with plastic and with paper
Reasons for increase in the
quantity of wastes

7. - Storage wastes
- Pre-segregation
- Recycling
- Composting
- Combustion
- Pyrolysis
- Mineralization of wastes
Disposal methods in EU
The most frequently used methods of
waste disposal are actions aimed at
changing the physical, chemical and
biological features are:

8. Storage wastes
– It is the cheapest method of depositing
waste on landfills
– They are a threat to the environment
because most of the dumps has not
effective protection against harmful
effects on the environment and degassing
systems

9. It base on collecting wastes in specially
marked containers divided on the type of
raw material, from what they were
produced
Pre-segregation

10. Recycling
– It is recovery of raw
materials suitable for
reuse or recycling
– Recycling involves
three phases:
- sourcing
- purification
- economic use
– Converting waste into
recyclable materials is
realized in a phase of
sourcing and phase of
purification

11. – With the composting process of the
wastes we encounter most often in home
gardens and farms
– Compost can be used to fertilize the soil
with the cultivation of vegetables, vines,
fruit farming and crops
Composting

12. – It is a method for recovering energy
from wastes
– By a combustion can be cured only the
wastes that can not be disposed in any
other way
– Wastes intended for burning does not
require segregation
Combustion

13. Combustion – further part
– In modern incinerators energy created
during the combustion of the waste is
used for heating buildings or converted
into electricity
– Waste incinerators must be subject to
judicial control to ensure environmental
safety, because in the raw exhaust may be
dioxin, which is a highly toxic chemical
compounds for mutagenic and
carcinogenic

14. – The process of thermal
decomposition of the
substance realize by the long-
term subjecting them to high
temperature
Pyrolysis

15. – As a result of catalytic oxidation at a
temperature of 550 ° C produced
inorganic substances, which in the form
of ash as a mineral granules are collected
in a tank by the reaction chamber
– According to EU directives, depositing
inorganic waste in landfills since 2006 is
possible only in the form of mineralized
Mineralization of wastes

16. THROW
-newspapers
-paper
-books in paperback or
with hard covers
removed
-paper bags
-wrapping paper
-cardboard boxes and
cardboard
-packaging paper
BLUE CONTAINER - PAPER
DO NOT THROW
-paper with plastic film
-thermal paper and fax
-milk cartons and
beverages
-tracing paper
-disposable diapers
-articles and sanitary
paper
-bags of cement
-wallpapers
REMEMBER!
Before throwing remove staples, metal and plastic
parts

17. YELLOW CONTAINER - PLASTIC
AND METAL
REMEMBER!
Dispose of the packaging clean and crush bottles before
throwing.
Before throwing crush aluminum cans.
THROW
-plastic beverage bottles
(crushed)
-bottles of the detergent
-plastic caps
-plastic bags, and all the
other plastic wastes
___________________
-cans
-tins
-small scrap iron and non-
ferrous metals
-bottle caps
DO NOT THROW
-not emptied bottles and
containers
-bottles and containers of the
oils
(food,refrigeration,motor)
-boxes of drugs
-bottles of cooling liquids
-household appliances
-styrofoam
__________________________
-packaging aerosols
-cans of paint
-battery

18. GREEN CONTAINER – GLASS
REMEMBER!
Do not shatter the glass before
throwing to the container.
Throw clean packaging.
THROW
– glass bottles of drinks and
food
– bottles of alcoholic
beverages
– glass packaging cosmetics
DO NOT THROW
-glass table
-faience
-porcelain and ceramics
-mirrors
-window glass
-light bulbs
-neon lamps, fluorescent
and mercury
-headlight
-insulators
-heat-resistant glass
-flowerpots
-the spectacle lens
-TV screens and lamps
-car windows

19. – preventing to make a high quantity of
wastes
– reduce the weight of waste generated up
to the level ensuring a balance
– recovery of raw materials and energy
from waste (recycling)
Ways to reduce the amount of
waste

20. – recycling of waste materials in place of
origin
– reduce generate wastes "at source" by:
– equipment modifications and technologies
including the introduction of non-waste
technology and less, so clean
– modification of the draft
Ways to reduce the amount of
waste

21. – selective collection of waste
– selection of certain recyclable materials
from municipal waste (plants mechanical
sorting, sorting at the landfill), the
combined use of all types collected wastes
Acquisition of secondary raw
materials of a variety of waste
products is realized by

22. Waste contains components that can be
separated and used as secondary raw
primary, to create new materials or
products like animal feed, thermal energy,
etc.

23. Most of the waste are produced by
households. For this reason, it is important
to make the social aware, that the problem
of waste can be reduced through
appropriate actions of people in their own
homes, in their own environment.
What can we do ourselves?

24. Waste
segregation
What can we do ourselves?
Collection of
waste
papers

25. Placement of waste batteries and
accumulators in special
containers
What can we do ourselves?

26. Use reuse products
What can we do ourselves?

27. Thank you for your attention :)