A presentation for Orchid Hotel located in Vile Parle East, Mumbai. The presentation is about how it recycles waste and reuses the materials.

1. CASE STUDY
"Deluxe need not disturb, Comfort need not compromise and Entertainment
need not be insensitive."

2. Architectural Adaptations due to
Climate
Buildings in hot climate
•Lower surface to volume
•Lighter finishes
•Water as landscape element
•Orientation to cut off sun
•Protected, insulated windows
•External wall insulation
Buildings in cold climate
• Large windows to capture sun
•Thermal mass to store heat
• Minimum Shading
• Insulated walls and windows

3. Unity in Diversity
• Mumbai being a metropolitan city, it has a multiple cultural background leading to
multiple
architectural forms.
•These forms are mainly religious, commercial, professional out of which are
influenced by climatic conditions
•Mumbai being a coastal region, the climate is hot and humid throughout the year.
• The macro condition (Maharashtra) is hot and arid
•Micro condition is hot and humid
•The location of the building is on sea level

4. • The place of study selected for the project was The Hotel Orchid in Vile Parle(E).
• The orchid is an Ecotel which aims at being eco-friendly and succeeds up to a
certain extent
• The passage from the gate to the main entrance has creepers and plants used as
division instead of walls which further extends into the main lobby

5. •The major part of the lobby is naturally lit with glazed glass covering the atrium.
•This gives the feeling of the environment outside, but avoids direct heat from
entering, making the person feel comfortable in the place.
•The artificial lighting used is dim which blends with the surrounding environment

6. • The lobby is centrally air-conditioned which detours from
the natural factor but the centrally located fountain adds to
the humidity creating a combination of natural and artificial
environment.
• As this is an enclosed structure devoid of windows, the
ventilation is due to air-conditioning and also the plants
helps the circulation to a certain extent.
•The sound of the area is
soothing with some light
music in the restaurants,
also the passage outside
the hotel is calm mainly
because of the area where
it is located.

7. • The energy control areas of a building are divided as low energy control and
high energy control.
• Our location being a hotel both the conditions are applicable, the low energy
area is in the rooms, where as the remaining areas are high energy control. The
low energy control area is the rooms where in the residing person can alter the
conditions according to his needs.
• The high energy control area being a social one, it cannot be altered to an
individual’s need.

8. The Orchid :Example of Passive Solar Architecture
WORKING DEFINITION
• Use natural energy (sun, wind, etc.) to conserve
conventional energy for achieving thermal
comfort.
•Thermal comfort refers to comfortable indoor
conditions
(temperature, humidity, air movement).

9. ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION

10. KEY FACTORS INFLUENCING DESIGN
ANGLE AND EXTENT OF
EXPOSURE TO SUN DIRECT RAYS
SIZE, EXTENT AND ORIENTATION
OF WINDOWS / CURTAIN WALLS
FORM AND SHAPE OF
THE BUILDING
EFFECTS DAYLIGHT ILLUMINATION IN THE INTERIOR
ALONG WITH THERMAL / HEATGAIN DUE TO
ASSIMILATION OF HEAT
EFFECTS ASSIMILATION OF HEAT IN THE
INTERIORS DUE TO DIRECT EXPOSURE OF
BUILDING SURFACE TO HARSH SUN RAYS

11. Architecture
Passive Energy Conservation Efforts in
Design
The Façade
•Depressions and protrusions in the façade plays an important role since majority of
the dead walls remain under shadow thereby reducing the surface radiation.
The Plan Configuration
•The building is designed with 72 rooms facing the atrium.
•Rooms are not directly exposed to the external elements.
•Thus heat load reduces.
Natural Lighting In The Atrium
•Achieved by skylight as a architectural element,
•It is a doubly layered dome .
•It reduces heat load , noise level yet admitting maximum natural light in the atrium
space .
Rooftop
The swimming pool is located on the roof top with 5 feet of water body which acts as
an insulator from the heat

12. Civil works
Cement (Ambuja Silicate)
•The cement is environment friendly.
•This cement PPC(Portland Pozzalana Cement) contains 15-20% fly ash .
QED (Quite Easily Done)
•Proper care has been taken to prevent
the depletion of the top soil of the Earth.
•The internal partitions are made from
fertilizer waste instead of the red bricks.
•These wall panels are reusable and there
is no need of curing, plastering and
recuring .

13. Civil works
AAC(Autoclaved Aerated Concrete)
•AAC is an environmental friendly alternative manufactured by using approximately
50% fly ash.
•Used for external walling and wet walling structure.
•It is the brick substitute building material of the future.
•It has excellent thermal insulation properties and better sound absorption coefficient
than ordinary bricks .

14. Water Conservation
Works on the “3 R” theory of Reduce Reuse And Recycle. Special care to
conserve water by employing carefully planned techniques are listed below :
Cisterns and Flushes
•One more ingenious water saving saving
devices are GEBERIT CONCEALED CISTERNS
that consumes only 5 litres of water as
compared to the conventional system that
consumes 15-20 litres

15. Water Conservation
Sewage Treatment
Plant
• With latest technology waste
water is treated and then reused in
areas like air conditioning and
gardening.

16. Water Conservation
Aerators/Flow
Restrictors
•All taps contain special aerators,
•Which increase the waters force
and reduce outflow, saving 50% of
water.
•Ecoteria taps are operated on
timers.

17. Water Conservation
Drinking Water Treatment (Aquazone)
•It employs ozone which makes water safe, pure, fresh and healthy.
•The ozone then reduces to Oxygen ,leaving no trace of toxicity in the water.
•Aquazone water can be used for drinking ,cooking, and washing.
•Can also be used for disinfecting anything.
Drip Irrigation
•Made conservation of water
increase two fold.
•The plants are watered with
taps on timers, which results in
saving water.
•Water used for this system is
from STP i.e. : recycled water

18. Electrical
Pl lamps/Flourescent Tubes
• These provides as much as light as
ordinary bulbs yet consumes less energy.
•In terms of monetary savings they have
saved a whopping Rs. 33 lakh per year,
which is Rs. 9119/- per day only be the use
of PL Lamps.
Electronic Reduced Voltage Soft
Starter cum Energy Saver
BENEFITS:
1) Electrical- reduces starting
current
2) Mechanical- controls starting
acceleration
3) Economic- saves energy on
partially loaded motors.

19. Mechanical
Air Conditioning
• At the Orchid ,ozone depletion levels have been reduced to 99.55%
• R22 has been used instead of CFC refrigerants.
• Attached to the system is STL tank to store cold energy which is used during peak
hours.
• The heat generated from the AC provides hot water to the rooms.
Air Scrubber for Boiler
• It helps in reducing air pollution by filtering Co2 produced by the boiler.
• Water utilized is recycled water from sewage treatment plant.
• Similar equipment is installed in the kitchen.

20. Interiors
Rubber Wood (Siti Wonder Wood)
• Waste wood is processed and then converted into a reusable wood known as
rubber wood.
•The window frames,master control panels, and shutters are made of this .
•This Wood provides dimension stability.
NUWUD MDF (Medium Density Fibre Wood)
•Interior works are made from MDF which is manufactured by using cotton
stocks.
•It has all the features of Natural Wood.
Reused Wood
•The entire interior i.e. the wood work has been made from wood recycled from old
buildings .
Triple Glazed Windows
•It has added reflective glass which blocks the heat of the sun and helps in
conserving the air conditioning energy.
•It prevents fabric and furniture colors from fading as it prevents infrared from
entering .
•It prevents noise pollution from the airport.

21. Electronic
Master Control Panel
• It has a Green button which increases the thermostat by 2 degrees.

22. Zero Garbage
• Various measures taken to reduce generated waste
• Vermiculture( Use of worms to degrade waste)
• The kitchen has 9 bins where all the garbage is diverted for the process .
• This is the ZERO GARBAGE MISSION.

23. Operational Practices
Hangers : Made from Saw dust Fruits: Served on Request
to avoid wastage

24. Operational Practices
Amenities: Use of herbal
products ,not tested on animals
,do not contain animal fat.
Eco-harvest: Basket containing
herbal pillow ,a bunch of neem
twigs to aromatic oil and 5 age
old herbs

25. Operational Practices
Shopping bags : Provided on request
with environment messages.
Laundry: Reusable cloth laundry
Bags.

26. Operational Practices
Pen/Pencil: Made using recycled
cardboard(no Cl) reprocessed
plastic, and scrap wood .Eco
pencil is made by a non toxic
polymer with the use of natural
fillers like talc ,clay, gypsum.
Recycle Bins: Made from
Recycled plastic and milk
pouches .

27. Slippers: hand crafted from
natural reed. The crane tray is
meant for shoes to be sent for
polishing instead of using a
plastic bag.
Operational Practices
Newspaper: Delivered on
Request in reusable cane
baskets ,cloth bags.

28. Operational Practices
Interior Flora: Minimum use of cut
flowers. Use of living vibrant plants.
Paints: Water based eco friendly
with negligible VOC(Volatile organ
Cmpd) content of only 0..125% and
for interiors has 0% VOC

29. OUR PERCEPTION
The space i.e. the lobby is huge. It is rectangular having mirrors and glass
adding to the depth of the place. The shape and size didn’t really affect our
perception about the thermal environment.
The colors used in the space were Earth i.e. shades of beige, cream and
brown. This gave a calm and soothing effect.

30. The texture used in the lobby is smooth. This didn’t affect the thermal
environment.

31. The atrium above the lobby provides direct light but no heat radiations.
There is a constant sound of water from the fountain. The thermal
environment is humid because of these 2 factors.
The space is devoid of windows so there is no thermal variations except from
the main entrance. Also because of the closed space there is no wind effect.

32. Location of fountain
•The fountain is centrally located
•Was built only for aesthetic reasons
•It creates humidity hence avoiding dryness
•Thus making it a comfortable experience

33. •The double doors located at the entrance don’t allow cross ventilation and
hence the cold air from inside is isolated from the environment.

34. Vindhyas
Atrium
Stairs
Air Circulation in PLAN ENTRY
Lift
1
Lift
2
The
environment
at the main
entrance is
cooler than
the
environment
at the other
circulation
and entry
points.

35. Why Triple glazed windows and not doubled glazed?
•Windows cannot be opened
•There is vaccum present between the layers of triple glazing glass hence sound cant pass through .
•Located near air port; reduces noise pollution ; insulates up to 60% better.
•Reduces radiation up to 80% hence reducing the heat load of the building
•Stops UV rays and sound from entering; allows only light to enter
•Saves energy
•As the windows are triple glazed there is no exchange of heat between the internal space and the external
environment.
•Condensation resistance helps to stabilize the humidity
V
a
c
c
u
m

36. Orientation of rooms
•Rooms are oriented in all four
directions.
•130 rooms face the atrium,
hence during daytime they
receive natural light coming from
the atrium: hence reducing the
load .
•The other rooms facing outside
receive natural light from outside .
Rooms facing outside
Rooms facing the atrium

37. Window
Bathroom
Natural Light
Room Plan

38. Air conditioning
•Waste water is treated and reused for air conditioning purposes
•There is a cold water pipe in each room for AC purposes. When the power is turned off, the
valve in the pipe shuts the flow of water thus wastage of water reduces.
•The heat generated by the AC is used to boil water and not let into the environment thus
reducing the heat load.
•Also due to the triple glazed windows and other steps taken to reduce the heat load
•The total load on the AC reduces by a large extent (the exact amount not known.)
•About 85,00 0 – 1 lac litre of water is recycled per day and around 40,000 – 50,000 litres of
this water is used per day for air conditioning

39. Waste disposal
The waste bins from the hotel are divided into four parts
•Black: wet or organic waste that is be used for vermicompost and other organic purposes
•Green: waste that can be recycled
E.g. paper
•White: dry waste
•Red: waste that has to dispose off
E.g. glass
•Paper is recycled and re used and outsourced
Taps and flush system
•50 % air bubbles are filled in the water coming from the taps
•Hence 50% less water is used
•Similar technology is used in flushes
•Double door helps to prevent the interaction between the air from outside and inside
•Thus keeping the internal condition comfortable

40. Orientation
•The building is north south oriented which is the ideal condition.
•But this orientation is not of much importance as the rooms in the hotel face all the four directions
•The projections of the buildings are such that they cast shadows on each other at any given time thus reducing the heat
load

41. •Due to the light coming from the east, the west façade is in shade also the shadow cast by
the projections in the north and south also keep it cool
10 AM

42. •At noon the light comes from the top, thus the north façade is in shade, the shadow cast by the
projections in the north, south and west help in reducing the heat load on the building.
12 PM

43. •In the evening before the sun sets , the sun is in the west, the east façade is in
shade and the shadow cast by the projections keeps it cool.
•It is also noticed that even when the sun is in the east or west, the projections on that façade also
cast certain shadows
•Thus the entire building at any time in under some shades and shadows reducing the heat load
6 PM

44. REDUCE REUSE RECYCLE
REPAIR RECLAIM REDEEM
RETHINK REFORM RENEW
RECHARGE RECOVER RECAP
REBUILD REVIVE RECREATE

45. • Bibliography
1. www.orchidhotel.com
2. Orchid Ecotel Booklet
3. Personal assistance from Mr . Aditya Patwardhan (Head of Environmental
Department,The ORCHID)